and the risk involved with the development of new products and services (Chesbrough 2003; Reichwald and Piller 2009.
and services of relevance to the company; reduced costs associated with moving a larger portfolio of innovations down the pipeline;
who increasingly expects tailor-made products and services based on individualized and immediate feedback. The early involvement of the customer reduces time-tomarket by eliminating time-consuming iteration cycles
since open innovation reduces the time-to-market for new products and services, through shorter development time.
and is not the official position of the European commission services. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Share Alike 3. 0 Unported licence, available at www. creativecommons. org.
and creating new services and products. Innovation is very much daring to see the unexpected and capture the moment.
with real people is a strong driver to stretch the boundaries for new marketplaces, new products and new services,
services and products benefiting all stakeholders. Do we have the courage to seek for disruptions?
The shift from products to services, from technology for people to societal needs and from products to platforms are all leading to refocusing the needs of the stakeholders in innovation environments.
and demographic changes to discover opportunities to produce new goods and services'.'Kirzner focused on entrepreneurship as a process of discovery, in which the entrepreneur looks for previously unnoticed profit opportunities, after
or ICT-intensive services sectors. 5 000 researchers and 16 000 students can also be found in the area. 200 of the local companies are foreign. 110 nationalities mix in the area.
This conference builds ecosystem support services into its design: support and facilitation for taking ideas further after the event is over.
Twenty characteristics of Open Innovation 2. 0 The quadruple helix is essential as only by involving the users as active agents from the beginning of the innovation process can we create genuine new markets for products and services.
In a knowledge society, the products and services are increasingly intangible. Often the tangible products get their additional value through intangible components like services,
or the tangible products are the access devices to services. The servitisation is quite an interesting trend affecting the lifecycle design of traditional products too.
Implementing Open Innovation 2. 0 through engagement platforms Creating engagement platforms in different product and services areas interestingly changes the economies of innovation too.
We are approaching a zero marginal cost for innovation. E g. developing a new app costs almost zero
Such tasks are typical in the development of complex business-to-business products and services. In the present report, we focus strongly on this new era of Industrial Crowdsourcing by focusing on crowdsourcing activities of the above type in companies that manufacture industrial products and services.
Additionally we focus on crowdsourcing in the business-to-business sector companies, which were thought earlier commonly to be a very challenging or even impossible target for crowdsourcing activities.
services and systems have been reported in the last couple of years. Furthermore the value creation approaches, models and success factors of industrial crowdsourcing have recently been studied academically
company focused on cleantech advisory services, to develop a new residential area-related concept‘Net Positive Residential area,
'including solutions for smart energy systems, energy and resource efficient design, sustainable materials, sustainable lifestyle shared services and goods, smart waste management,
and the Internal Market and Services DG has established recently a group to assist the Commission in developing policies for crowdfunding to help it to flourish
Crowdworking services can help i e. in creating a logo, making a design for a website,
'By the word‘earned'it is meant in the context of digital services where there one nowadays makes a distinction between paid, owned and earned media 17.
Services like eyeka, from EU, is operating in 12 languages for truly localised content, or US-based Tongal which started from the supply point of view:
New services have also become available for those companies that are planning to launch a funding campaign of an industrial product on Kickstarter, Indiegogo or Fundable,
which provides services for prequalifying the manufacturability of products from a crowdfunding campaign and in supporting the factory selection process and onsite factory project management for the funded product.
and services that the company is providing; this is where customers serve each other and contribute to product development
Nowadays, many software and consumer electronics companies say openly that they are not the experts in the usage of their products and services,
Recently, also industrial companies have started making use of communities and services for crowdsourcing testing of their products.
For ICT innovation in particular, the fundamental unpredictability of products and services usage has revealed a clear demand for European-level research.
In this view, the State becomes the‘buyer'rather than the supplier of the services 24.
and innovation themes Open cloud based platform of APIS for developing new collaboratively created services for various application areas Federated testbed facilities for research,
Testbed facilities responding to evolving academic and industry needs, experimentation tools and methodologies, European-wide federation of testbed facilities Educational programs, research projects, portfolio of business acceleration services, like accelerator,
'5) http://www. tekes. fi/en/programmes-and-services/strategic-centres/(6) Etzkowitz, H.,L. Leydesdorff (2000),‘The Dynamics of Innovation:
At the same time universities act as partners and customers of regional services, SMES and large companies; growth of venture capital markets This trend makes it possible for promising ideas
and technologies as well promote their services and expertise. It is fundamental for universities to find the right balance between openness
and the potential adoption of matchmaking services by LLS and other organisations members of ENOLL.
novel products and services. OI2 is based on extensive networking and co-creation across organisational boundaries well beyond traditional licensing
Idealist is intended to support proposers in offering several services 14, such as opportunity finder and partners search through specific online tools and brokerage events.
and other services helping to ease participation in Horizon 2020'.'In terms of empirical study on the Idealist partnersearch, beside the nine Idealist success stories, about FP7 ICT projects who found partners through the use of the partner-search tool, available on the website,
social activists and many more are making products and services for our future. How can governments possibly deal with this increasing complexity
and user-orientation resulting in prototypes of products and services. Behavioural economics pays attention to ways citizens
Both concepts, labs and Cop, emphasise the need for more open trans-and interdisciplinary collaboration geared towards the co-development of new services and products together with users.
and the OECD recently underlined the pressing need for co-design and co-production of policies and new products and services 15.
and how they use public services. When conducting this research, quickly patterns of actual citizen experience and perception emerge.
devices and services for interdisciplinary and collaborative work addressing diverse mobile professionals (freelancers, microentrepreneurs, start-ups), most of whom work in creative industries such as design, media, arts or software development.
Consultations and extra services are subject to further expenses. The labs usually offer flexible opening hours that include weekends as well.
and consultancy services 21. Operators of firm-driven labs set up spaces for integrating external knowledge and talents, e g. from small and medium sized firms, freelancers and experts.
3) An agency offers services in cooperation with freelancers. Through these services, UFA is able to finance Blue sky innovation projects.
These three activity bundles build up a large community of partners and talents that UFA then can frequently activate for further projects and services.
Academic-driven innovation labs Like firm-driven innovation labs, academic-driven innovation labs are an instrument to open the organisational and institutional boundaries of higher education and research institutions to more complex and interdisciplinary actor constellations in innovation processes.
by selecting available equipment and by offering specific services, lab providers establish a frame for a community of practice that they want to attract to their labs. However,
and services for like-minded enthusiasts and experts who first dedicate their energy to addressing a specific need, demand or problem.
and innovation model that is providing to add real value to the products and services that it handles.
I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 5 The focus of the Basaksehir Living Lab is to provide an environment for developing ICT products and services such as;
and services are shared with users and business partners and where feedback is received. It can be used by entrepreneurs and established business partners.
Thanks to its present infrastructure, it can effectively deliver IT services to the public and carry out projects to launch future services.
Some of these projects are listed below: High-speed broadband infrastructure (1 Gbit/s symmetric connectivity to each new flat in the municipality;
Free public access to information services; i e. Wi-fi points, IP TV; Providing all public services, especially security, health education and economic services through web portals and applications;
Becoming a pilot area for new technologies such as 4g and 5g, Wimax, IPTV, Wi-fi points and Basaksehir mobile applications;
L I V I N G L a b S 79 Contribution of Basaksehir Living Lab to innovation and entrepreneurship The incubation and experience centres at the Living Lab allow ideas to turn into products and services.
The services that the Living Lab offers are limited not to the facilities within the physical building.
Thanks to partnerships established between the Living Lab and other organisations, additional services, such as the following, are offered:
facilitating adaptation to the digitalisation of services, facilitating a healthier lifestyle and emphasising the connection between arts and innovation.
'New technology enables cities to offer a wide range of intelligent and integrated services to benefit both individual citizens and society at large.
This requires a paradigm shift towards the continuous innovation of services for people. Practical projects indicate four paradigm shifts:(
and smart services that have not been possible before. Technological developments include an upgrade of the public lighting infrastructure and system by connecting to ICT solutions.
This enables cities to offer a wide range of intelligent and integrated services that will benefit both individual citizens and society at large.
but especially it needs a change of mindset for all participants in the quadruple helix a fundamental mind shift towards continuous innovation of services for people.
This shift from products to services will be illustrated by the Amsterdam Smart Lighting project, in which an adaptive lighting solution is designed
The shift in focus from products to services makes it possible to continuously innovate without further investments in the hardware infrastructure.
from technology to people and societal needs The changing focus to services requires a second mind shift to a focus on people and societal needs.
and tourists through the city gems as well as providing services to residents (such as driving directions highlighting restricted car areas, car parks, cycle paths, the presence of bike sharing, ongoing events, services
At the same time the new services that can be designed on top of the platform introduce new business and new business models.
and promote the development and exploitation of new and innovative services falls outside their traditional responsibility (and comfort zone) of the municipality,
Moving towards continuous innovation of services for people, and for that purpose integrating a‘mash-up'of products
and services from different organisations, require changes in the ecosystem for innovation as well as in the roles of all partners within the ecosystem simultaneously.
academia and private individuals to co-create novel products and services. The shifts described above also make it important to ensure that the business models support sustainable exploitation of the system by integrating societal and economic interests.
followed by the development of integrated solutions made up of products and services. Starting from the end-user needs often leads to the co-creation of innovative solutions (products
and services) that exceed the boundaries of contemporary lighting solutions and lead to lighting as a value-added service.
An open, adaptive platform enables the rapid integration of new modules to provide new services.
The shift from a focus on products to integrated services also creates the opportunity for recurring revenues in service development.
Services typically have shorter life-cycles than the supporting products and platforms. A combination of a flexible, adaptive platform with continuous service innovation enables simultaneous exploration and exploitation of new services.
A smart system enables continuous monitoring and learning, dealing with the impact of the services on the quality of life in cities.
As stated earlier to create a sustainable ecosystem the business models should ensure the integration of the societal and economic interests of the different stakeholders.
In the example projects there is a lack of a partner to take the responsibility for integrating the mash-up of products and services from different organisations into a total solution.
In this situation, the partners in the projects will hesitate to take full responsibility for each other's products and services.
and in thinking of new possibilities and future services. Next, municipalities have an important role in creating lasting prosperity.
which aim to generate value from knowledge by supporting multi-disciplinary academic entrepreneurs in turning knowledge into services and products that impact society.
but require facilitation in being involved in design, new possibilities and future services. Co-creation of meaningful innovations requires strong involvement by citizens,
such as those regarding the procurement of innovative smart lighting and smart city platforms and services that start from the desired societal impact.
companies and designers to create innovative new services to join the platform. But it will also inevitably raise questions of privacy and security.
Realising smart cities Experience from implementation projects in public lighting in practice reveal the challenges with the paradigm shift towards continuous innovation of services for people.
universities and research centers to achieve fields of excellence through offering high-quality business support services Fia's restaurant used 80%organic food.
coherent and efficient services to Greater Lyon residents to enhance digital applications. In addition, the Lyon urban area offers world-class training
A services and technology-driven future city 1 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N 2. 0:
and how to make it efficiently empowered by societal values for ICT-intensive user-driven services.
-regions 6 5. Arup estimates that the global market for smart urban services will be USD 400 billion per annum by 2020.
and services that can empower all instead of a few. The previous two dilemmas were dealing with technology.
and is not the official position of the European commission services. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Share Alike 3. 0 Unported licence, available at www. creativecommons. org.
Real world settings, user experience and clear process to embed the feedback in the design process are shown in several practical cases, in logistics, well-being and green services context.
including new ventures, products, services and processes. Turkama and Schaffers elaborate in their article on the evolution of large-scale public-private research and innovation initiatives;
and services that are adopted quickly. Once again we want to stress the importance of the creativity beyond organisational boundaries as essential to creating valuable components for innovation from a societal (market) perspective due to new co-creation processes across all stakeholders.
Indeed, many successful innovations are adaptions of existing ideas, products or services which are adopted already and successful in some other sphere.
and development of innovative products and services where producers and consumers both participate. An engagement platform is the place where people
and thus reinforce the flow from research and ideation to new products and services. Innovation vouchers can be powerful
when looking at future services of public interest becoming more user-centric. Competitions have been proven to be successful mobilising very large communities to solve the problems published.
Sustainable Intelligent Living Beyond designing for user experience, OI2 defines innovation as co-creation of services
which lead to sustainable societal and economic development through new products and services, even in entirely new sectors at the crossroads of old disciplines.
which from the very beginning the user (s) communities co-create the new products and services.
and services they need, and the suppliers get scalable products and services. If this co-creativity and prototyping in real world settings would not take place there would be a real risk that the development work would lead to a win-lose setting between the existing players in the market,
and no new markets would be created either. Cross-disciplinary innovation together with prototyping and experimentation is bringing forward the required dynamics.
When products integrate into services and get more complex, we have seen networking between suppliers to be established, e g. in the automotive sector,
not as earlier when the services were determined by organisational structures. In turn, this also means that the end users will be much more dominant in the innovation process for modern products and services, especially on their functional level.
The innovation process change affects also radically the management styles of successful companies. We have plenty of examples where an authoritarian control-type of management is replaced by strong leadership.
All use cases appertain to the domain of the Internet of things (Iot) based services. Results show that
-based services. Finally, the resulting holistic UX model, XD process and use cases are described briefly assessed
and services including the identification of potential business models as they are expected to consume the resulting services.
the Iot based Green Services use case was launched with the innovative idea of getting real-time air quality that leads to multiple usage scenarios involving different categories of users, such as:
experiment alternative scenarios in prototyping concrete application/services through the use of a technological platform within a real-life environment;
and explore value propositions that are intended to contribute to the increase of user adoption of innovative products/services.
for example in view of solving societal issues (e g. smart city services) but merely requires immersive techniques/technologies for engaging all stakeholders, especially users, in the environment of augmented creativity.
Use Cases All use cases belong to the domain of the Internet of things (Iot) based services, namely:
Logistic Services (LS), Wellbeing Services (WS), Green Services (GS), Retail Services (RS), Environmental Services (ES) and Healthcare Services (HS.
The Wellbeing Services Use Case The City of the Future Living Lab is involved in the ELLIOT Project within several use case scenarios (23.
and motivational support during the hospitalisation period through an interactive totem able to provide applications including meal ordering, leisure services and gaming to hospitalised children.
The Wellbeing Use Case 29 The Green Services Use Case The Green Services Use case managed by Inria for ICT Usage Lab in Nice aimed at co-creating green Iot-based services
offering various green services such as the visualization of environmental data collected by citizen, the alert services via mail or SMS, the ability to download data, the gamified forum for sharing ideas and best practices
The Green Services Use Case The Retail Services Use Case The retail use case was organised in one of the largest bookstores of Budapest.
and other information from the books and use the other services provided by the smart shopping experience.
NFC both its reader-writer function and its card emulation capability was used also for smart couponing services as well. 30 O P E N I N N O V
A t I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4 The Environmental Services Use Case The Environmental services use case focuses
an application partner for the Environmental services use case. The pilot was implemented and installed in the testing office room.
which hosts services interfacing the installed sensors and devices, is built on the Arduino platform and an embedded computer that remotely communicates with the Smart Office application server,
The Environmental Services Use Case The Healthcare Services Use Case The Cardiovascular diseases (CVDS) are globally number one among those causing death:
The Retail Services Use Case 31 collected in it and Medical Doctor had access to them after certain amount of time.
The Healthcare Services Use Case Figure 11: Instantiation of the Holistic UX Model Instantiation of the Holistic UX Model The Experiential Design process includes the instantiation of the holistic UX model that is based on the specificities of the selected scenario
Overall, it has increased significantly the user acceptance and consequently the potential user adoption of the innovative IOT-based services.
and services where the competition relies on the combination of creating new knowledge while shortening the time-to-market.
Co-Creating Environmental Services based on Pollution Citizen Sensing. The Interdisciplinary studies Journal (ISJ), Special issue on Smart Cities, Vol. 3, No. 4, pages 331-350, ISSN 1799-2710.23) Vicini, S.,Bellini, S
Wellbeing Services Use Case Sauro Vicini San Raffaele Hospital sauro. vicini@hsr. it 37 Green Services Use Case Brigitte Trousse INRIA & ICT
Usage Lab brigitte. trousse@inria. fr Retail Services Use Case Andras Vilmos Safepay vilmos@safepaysys. com Environmental Services Use Case
Karol Furdik Intersoft karol. furdik@intersoft. sk Healthcare Services Use Case Roumen Nikolov Virtech roumen@virtech-bg. com 38 O
collaboration and conflict moderation (including provision of R & D and consultancy services, competence-building,
and changing organisations and/or institutions, networking, technology transfer or acquisition of goods and services through market or non-market interactions,
In line with this perspective, new innovative products, services and solutions are developed with the involvement of users in their role as lead users, codevelopers and co-creators (20.
Utiliser, e g. to utilise the user-oriented development services provided by QH innovation environments by themselves (as part of the development of public services;
It offers a wide range of services: working space, coaching for budding entrepreneurs, study trips to Silicon valley
and sometimes disruptive, services and products return to the people. As a result, the public debate regarding the acceleration of innovation is restricted often to specific requests for example to increase budgets for academic research,
such as free flow of products and services, capital, talent and knowledge, and its existing tremendous innovation capacity.
Post-Incubation License Spin-ostart-up For future development Start-up Creation Commercialization Products/Services in the market+ACTORS Senior Entrepreneur Expert board (internal+external
KIC Services Tools & mechanisms related Novelty Market demand Competence Economic viability Technological valorization Team competences & skills assessment IP conflicts 67
and services, thereby enabling developers across Europe and globally to build, prototype and test their own applications in a range of business and societal sectors, for example within smart city environments.
and services in‘multi-sided markets'(5, 6, 7). Such multi-sided markets act as economic platforms as their participants gain the benefits of network effects.
In recent decades, Australia has transformed itself into an internationally competitive and advanced market economy with focuses on services, technologies,
the Chilean government has made efforts to develop global services (off shoring) as a new source of exports (3). An Innovation Council is in charge of identifying
Services offered by the companies approach closer to the actual user demand. Virtual companies will be considered by their own and not like a reflection of physical businesses.
Citizens The innovative thinking has to lead to more and better services demand. We have to be convinced that services can
and must grow to meet our needs. We live in a highly competitive environment where we cannot compete in production of products.
Europe is positioned better to compete in advanced services: there are many areas in our welfare society where we are ahead of many other countries like health, tourism, social policies,
and improve access to services such as health education etc. Otherwise the particularities are buried within the global population data.
More precise mapping of needs and services Mckinsey Global Institute says (10) that if US healthcare were to use big data creatively
-Creative Capacities of Ecosystems Maximizing Individual Self-interest Value as Relational Property Supply and Demand of Goods and Services Unilateral Capacity Building Wealth, Welfare,
and services based view to a more humanised view. Consider the field of telematics the provision of mobile information
and services to automobile drivers and passengers. As an example, take On-Star, which was launched by General motors (GM) as a way of providing safety and emergency services to their customers.
Over time, Onstar has evolved as GM has learned more about the broader interests and needs of its more than 6 million customers as stakeholders in experience-based value creation.
and learn about my preferences and offer new services as appropriate. When my telematics system discerns (from my past information requests) that I am interested in the performance of certain stocks
and external services such as 911 emergency networks. The hardware and software requirements and the quality levels needed to deploy Onstar safely as a vehicle-based application are quite impressive,
GM has gone a step further by opening up the applications programming interface of its automotive cloud platform that enables Onstar-based services to developers.
They could also generate new sources of value by linking with other network partners so patients could directly interact with support services
Thus, the capabilities for individuated co-creation experiences through platforms of engagements require the efforts of nodal enterprises that can connect together a variety of services, partners,
poor migrant workers who are denied services and benefits when they move. With high levels of corruption
social, and other public sector enterprises can build services and applications that benefit residents across India.
Although Aadhaar will act only as an enabler of services and systems, it does eliminate redundant systems
enabling them to gain access to basic financial savings, affordable credit, remittance services, and insurance and investment products.
and social ecosystems of capabilities, with heterogeneous modes of human experiencebased value creation that go beyond mere modes of‘production'of goods and services and‘relations of production.'
Goods and Services How: Activities Who: Stakeholders and Enterprises Whence: Individual Human Experiences How: Platforms of Engagements From:
and products and services are a means to this human experience-based embodiment of value. By definition, individuals are an integral part of creating experience-based value,
N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4 appliances and services (7). CIE aims to capture
services for companies and organisations on one-stop shop principle. OULLABS consists of a unique set of test environments,
possibility to develop the services with the real users of the services; and not just for the users of the services.
In this context OULLABS has been used to test the services before actually launching them for good. The user's involvement has also been used in the procurement processes;
Living Lab services have been used as part of the procurement process to test service options from different bidders.
The people who are supposed to use the equipment/services under procurement process have been able to test all the possibilities
and give their comments. These comments have then been taking into account when selecting the winner of the procurement process.
and access point for new services. One example of the city's activities in the field of open innovation and user involvement is the development of a new district, Hiukkavaara,
I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4 rifts options and choices design of services to users, partners, business plans.
Sensors technologies measuring heart rate, temperature, physical movement, pain, sleeping status provide accepted and valuable services to users.
and services would come from data analytics such as: How to combine data from different sources?
platform providers and service application developers working together in the business ecosystem (as described in Figure 1). The goal of the business ecosystem of Careware project is to provide unobtrusive wearable sensor based digital services
4) produce a variety of validated digital services/proof of concepts for personal health and wellbeing, 5) Business models & ecosystem for the digital service creation in health domain.
advanced sensor technologies and application platforms and therefore to allow the generation of unobtrusive digital services for monitoring
and early-stage projects into innovative products and services in areas of vital socioeconomic importance for the future of the European project,
such as Big & Open Data, Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation. Background, Concept and Objectives EYIF's Openeyif leverages Open Innovation processes
products and services makes the following essential observation about the core idea that is the basis for the Openeyif concept:
In order to ensure seed-type activities generating actual take-up of innovative services and applications, it is not enough simply to open calls for participation in an Open Innovation value chain,
such as Big & Open Data, Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation. The best ideas and early-stage projects will be awarded seed grants (below EUR100 000) and crucially,
such as Big & Open Data, Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation using a three-stage integrated framework approach based on Open Innovation mechanisms targeting new constituencies of young innovators i e. between 18 and 30 years,
product and services that can evolve into seedtype activities generating actual take-up of products, services and applications will be engaged and mobilised through a distributed pan-European communication campaign at the target communities,
to apply to the Openeyif open calls for ideas and participation. Stage 2: Build & Try (ideas are selected
such as Big & Open Data, Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation. The Openeyif foresees a cross-border,
Abstract The lighting industry is in transition from a hardware only industry to a full solution and services industry.
and flexible lighting systems (with sensors and controls) on the other there are many opportunities for new business with services in lighting.
such as in the design of lighting services and in the development of software applications for smart solutions:
and seek for meaningful services. In these projects various public and private organisations collaborate to explore new venues.
This enables cities to offer a wide range of intelligent and integrated services benefitting society and individual citizens and bringing cities closer to the ambition of becoming smart cities.
Services At this level meaningful services are developed that provide value for the relevant stakeholders. In urban lighting there are often different stakeholders that use the area, with different needs and wishes.
Smart lighting can offer valuable services for different stakeholders using the ICT based lighting platform.
However, in the field of meaningful applications designed to address societal needs there are more opportunities for new jobs, especially in the domain of developing new services with lighting.
The type of jobs is shifting from hardware related jobs towards the design of lighting services as well is to the development of software applications for smart lighting solutions:
The active involvement of stakeholders is needed also to develop new revenue models that enable the continuous innovation and further development of the services.
This case shows that the technical system enables the creation of various services for different stakeholder needs.
but more in the development of meaningful services that make sense in this specific area. The type of people needed to perform such projects is not the traditional lighting designers that are used to make a lighting plan based on uniform distribution of a sufficient lighting level.
In this case the challenge is to creatively design services using the available technology and integrate the different needs into one solution.
New Professions Looking at the two cases presented above we can see a shift in the type of skills required from the more hardware related to new ones that focus more on the ICT and services part.
and provide new services for the different stakeholders. Next to these skills, they also need to understand the impact of lighting on people's mood
Also the renewal rate of services will be relatively high. New applications will give rise to the need for new lighting scenarios.
and is therefore unable to embrace the opportunities that might exist to innovate within the business model and across products and services.
small businesses and entrepreneurs can look to these activities as means of incrementally improving their products and services with other companies as partners or through crowd feedback.
in addition to incrementally innovating existing products and services. Continual product innovation is essential for businesses to remain competitive and profitable.
when brought together as an operational services or collaboration. So each act has limited value in itself
and services to market on its own. Yet recently, in an effort to expand its product portfolio
and connected infrastructure and operational services. By partnering with the RAF and engaging the Local Motors community of users,
We were buying satellite programme services from the US or the UK, in some cases France,
and the cable TV companies were packaging these services to suit the tastes of the Finnish customers
if you look at the successful international services, like social media or search engines, you realise that somehow these services have managed to go passed and beyond these problems.
Someone in the organisation carried out the analysis and took the company boldly over and beyond the problems emerging from 28 different legislations.
when the technology and services really took off. Secondly on the right-holders'side things were not any better, either.
As the issue is related to Internet services, it looks rather evident, that there's no way to gain back momentum,
learn from them how they have structured their services, composed their terms, rights and obligations learn how the trick was done.
to create the new markets for products and services.‘‘If citizens are involved not we enter up to the old linear paradigm
or services considering the users'needs; and 3. for the policy makers in creating new policies for citizens'and businesses'welfare,
while they can influence in political decisions or creation of services for the market. The citizen/user is now an integral part of the innovation process,
or services that are valued less by the current or future market. Industry/market is well aware that it is not possible anymore to create new services alone,
isolated from the rest of the world and force the users to adopt or buy these created services.
Otherwise, it will result waste of time and resources, as the buyers will not be interested in using these services.
As a part of the Open Innovation 2. 0 ecosystem, industry/business/service providers become more open engaging the buyers or users in the co-creation of services.
The users can be both consumers and innovators/participants given all of the supporting conditions. At the same time market operates within the boundaries of regulations created by the governments.
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