a new perspective on learning and innovation, Administrative Science Quarterly 35 (1990) 128 152.27 S. A. Zahra, G. George, Absorptive capacity:
the identification and significaanc of faint or weak signals and wild cards, how to deal with complexity, the learning function of horizon scanning, stakeholder participation and how to increeas impact.
Evaluation, Impact and Learning, Anchor paper Theme 2. Paper presented at Second joint horizon scanning Science and Public policy February 2010 18 International Seville Seminar on Future-oriented technology analysis:
adaptive in terms of stressing the need to adapt to changing contextual developmeent (as opposed to stressing the ability to shape the future), in terms of assigning iterative monitoring and learning a central role in foresight,
e g. debates, inclusiveness, actor alignment etc. and foresiigh impact in terms of learning effects, and strateeg formulation for action by system actors.
learning about how complex systems can be adapted, so as to gain agility and strengthen preparedness Learning effects impacts Supports system actors to create their own futures Creates a shared vision amongst diverse actors Gain insights into complex interactions
and emerging drivers of change Builds trust and shared basis of experience between system actors Detect
and their changes to system actors Development of significant new ways of thinking about challenges and opportunities Promote collective learning through open exchanges of information
Evaluation, impact and learning. Paper presented at the Second International Seville Seminar on Future-oriented technology analysis, held 28 29 september 2006, Seville, Spain.
to provide platforms for learning and experimeenting facilitate the management of interfacces foster new alignment of elements
machines on mobile Study choice guide Restaurant order and payment Medication prescriptions and schedules Mobile learning CV on mobile Public transport schedules Mobile terminal Accident
Presentattio at the Northern Dimension Learning Forum on User-Driven innovation. Available at<http://www. foranet. dk/upload/user-driven innovation 22 03 2006. pdf,
and learning by providing safe spaces for new ideas to emerge and existing knowledge to be combined in novel ways.
The process of sharing experiences, collective learning and understanding, creation of shared commitmeen to the main decisions to be made
and build a convergent reasoning process based on best practiice in organizational learning. In most cases, the intangibles being generated are not clear to all the participants,
Collective learning..Better and deeper collective understanding..A better reasoning process to support decision-making and strategy formulation.
3. The value of out-of-the-box thinking in a foresight exercise The concept of out-of-the-box thinking adopted in this paper is related to learning organization theory (Tosey 2005.
a case study in learning from the future',paper presented at International Conference Probing the Future:
Tosey, P. 2005)‘ The hunting of the learning organization: A paradoxical journey',Management Learning, 36: 335 52.
Vecchiato, R. and Roveda, C. 2010)‘ Foresight in corporate organizations',Technology analysis & Strategic management, 22:99 112.
In particular, they point to the need to strengthen‘learning-based economic development'and‘interactive learning'.'4. Priority setting:
and the working of institutioons and their dynamic functions of experimentation and learning, knowledge development, knowledge diffusion,
a culture of learning by doing, ways and intensity of interacttin within and beyond the sector,
since cycles of learning and innovation are less likely to become established when system connectivity is poor.
Facilitate experimentation and learning: safeguarding‘variety'in the innovation system is key given the uncertainties that follow from new combinations of knowledge, applications and markets.
there is a need for additional policies that are related to networks, community building, visions, experiments and learning.
The informing role of FTA most closely relates to the innovation system functions of facilitating experimentatiio and learning, knowledge development,
and learning Solutions to grand challenges will require, in many instances, radical socio-technical innovations. Experimentation and learning needs to be strengthened,
with greater amounts of probing and experimenttatio in areas that are potentially relevant to grand challenges.
and learning'above) but also for the demand side to be developed. This can be done through a mix of regulation
FTA could be useful in facilitating experimentation and learning, since providing experimental spaces for new ideas to emerge
and learning between diverse and often disparate actors to take place, which ultimately supports the achievement of the inclusiveness claimed to be needed in dealing with grand challenges.
and learning FTA can provide‘safe spaces'for new ideas to emerge and for existing knowledge to be combined in novel ways.
and in setting strategic research agendas among different actors Capacity building role of FTA supports collective learning and knowledge creation Guide direction of search and selection FTA tends to lead to articulation
FTA can foster experimentation and learning, and allow decisions to be shaped within wider settings through new inclusive and participatory governance approaches.
With very few exceptions9 the design of or decisions around such programmes neither foster the creation of spaces for experimentation and learning,
Due to the typical customer client relationship, the opportunities for joint learning and exploration are limited. The rationales, time horizons and capabilities of the clients and users determine to a large extent what types of results are taken up or not.
Fahey, L. and Randell, R. eds) Learning from the future. New york: Wiley. Royal Society. 2011) Knowledge, Networks and Nations:
In the learning-based model, foresight has a catalysing role. Foresight is about the formation of‘process benefits,
evaluation and learning-based policy-making Lack of national support to fund longer-term collaboration in evaluation Embedding foresight in transnational research programming. 193 European experiences
34 Furthermoore foresight plays particularly a relevant role in learning on future developments in the areas where there is little
Anticipating challenges instead of being surprised',in Europa World of Learning 2011, Vol. 1, 61st edn, pp. 14 8. London:
Choo, C. W. 2001)‘ Environmental scanning as information seeking and organizational learning',Information Research, 7/1<http://choo. fis. utoronto. ca/IR/choo choo
and mental flexibility necessary (lifelong learning), greater importance of women in business and society Increasing mobility and transport Due to increasing global flows of goods and leisure Increasing
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