Using a distant detector on the other side of the sample, the researchers recorded the sample's high-resolution hologram,
2015efforts to Improve Properties of Body Implants Using Nanocoatings Yield Positive Results September 28th, 2015a different type of 2-D semiconductor:
2015efforts to Improve Properties of Body Implants Using Nanocoatings Yield Positive Results September 28th, 2015a different type of 2-D semiconductor:
2015efforts to Improve Properties of Body Implants Using Nanocoatings Yield Positive Results September 28th, 2015simulation of chiral edge states in a quantum system September 26th, 2015a different type of 2-D semiconductor:
#'Parachuting'boron on benzene rings (Nanowerk News) Tuning the para position of benzene moieties is significant for creating biologically active compounds and optoelectronic materials.
as well as optoelectronic materials. Nonetheless, few reports have existed in obtaining para-selective benzene derivatives directly from mono-substituted benzene rings.
classical dipole patch antennas have been used.""Now, our technology introduces'metasurfaces'that are much better energy collectors than classical antennas,
"explained Omar M. Ramahi, professor of electrical and computer engineering. Metasurfaces are formed by etching the surface of a material with an elegant pattern of periodic shapes.
"Conventional antennas can channel electromagnetic energy to a load --but at much lower energy absorption efficiency levels,"said Ramahi."
"Our research enables significantly higher energy absorption than classical antennas, "Ramahi said.""This results in a significant reduction of the energy harvesting surface footprint.
When moving electrons encounter a potential barrier in conventional semiconductors it takes an increase in energy for the electron to continue flowing.
affiliated with the Institute for Basic Science's (IBS) Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic systems (CALDES), reported a tunable band gap in BP,
This research outcome potentially allows for great flexibility in the design and optimization of electronic and optoelectronic devices like solar panels and telecommunication lasers.
The research team operating out of Pohang University of Science and Technology, affiliated with the Institute for Basic Science's Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic systems
This research outcome potentially allows for great flexibility in the design and optimization of electronic and optoelectronic devices like solar panels and telecommunication lasers.
This amalgamation makes it a terrifically attractive material to apply to scientific developments in a wide variety of fields, such as electronics, aerospace and sports.
the semiconductor potential can't be realized because the conductivity can't be shut off, even at low temperatures.
This obviously dilutes its appeal as a semiconductor, as shutting off conductivity is a vital part of a semiconductor's function.
Phosphorene Birth of a Revolution Phosphorus is the fifteenth element in the periodic table and lends its name to an entire class of compounds.
Like graphene, BP is a semiconductor and also cheap to mass produce. The one big difference between the two is BP's natural band gap
therefore we tuned BP's band gap to resemble the natural state of graphene, a unique state of matter that is different from conventional semiconductors."
in the journal Nature Nanotechnology("Dielectric metasurfaces for complete control of phase and polarization with subwavelength spatial resolution and high transmission"),could lead to ultracompact optical systems such as advanced microscopes, displays, sensors,
and cameras that can be mass-produced using the same photolithography techniques used to manufacture computer microchips.
"But this new technology is very similar to the one used to print semiconductor chips onto silicon wafers,
They specifically concentrated on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide on metal electrodes because of the current interest in this process for sustainable production of fuels and value added chemicals,
which is the universal electrode material in batteries and fuel cells, Surendranath says. By finding a way to make this material tunable in the same ways as molecular catalysts
The nanoparticles hydrophilic layer essentially locks in the active ingredient, a hydrophobic chemical called padimate O. Some sunscreen solutions that use larger particles of inorganic compounds, such as titanium dioxide or zinc oxide,
These by design electrodes are shielded by a covering that the brain recognizes as part of its own composition.
an assistant professor of animal and dairy science in the UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental sciences. his is proof of concept that extracellular matrix can be used to ensheathe a functioning electrode without the use of any other foreign
and Mark Allen of the University of Pennsylvania, found that the extracellular matrix derived electrodes adapted to the mechanical properties of brain tissue
as well as Allen, who at the time was director of the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology. opefully,
this same methodology could then be applied in getting these extracellular matrix derived electrodes to be the next wave of brain implants,
Toward a microfabricated neural interface based on natural materialsextracellular matrix (ECM)- based implantable neural electrodes (NES) were achieved using a microfabrication strategy on natural-substrate-based organic materials.
#Putting Sensors In Bridges And Tunnels Could Make Their Walls Talk Trying to get a building to tell you how it feeling is,
by creating various sensors to fit inside buildings, tunnels, and bridges. With the feedback collected from these sensors,
inspectors will have a better understanding of how a city's infrastructure is holding up GENESI is an awkward acronym for reen sensonr NETWORKS for Structural monitoring.
GENESI puts sensors into a city's various structures to let them"communicate"their status. These sensors include ibrating strain gauges, displacement meters, pressure sensors, temperature sensors,
and soil moisture sensors.""To conserve power, they have energy harvesting capabilities, and engineers can periodically wake them up to get fresh readings from the sensors and check for any changes.
One of GENESI two pilot projects is a testbed in the tunnels of Rome underground rail system,
where wire sensors that pick up strain from vibration were placed inside certain concrete segments. Data loggers record the data,
transmitting the information to a wireless setup and relay system, which then sends it out via cell networks to a remote server.
but powering sensors--even really efficient sensors--requires some form of electric charging or battery replacement.
But each GENESI node and sensor includes a miniature wind turbine that harvests energy from passing trains.
For all other sensors, whether tucked away in tunnel walls or nestled in dark unlit crevices under bridges,
#Open-source Soil Sensors: Vinduino As California fourth straight year of drought forces farmers to cut back on water use,
one California vineyard-owner has taken a DIY approach to creating a sensor-driven water conservation system.
The project so far includes instructions for making your own soil moisture sensors (based on the gypsum mineral found in plaster of paris;
building a handheld Arduino-based device for taking sensor readings; and creating Arduino-based irrigation valves,
water pressure sensors and data loggers for controlling and monitoring the vineyard irrigation system. In prototype stage is networked a,
solar-powered sensor reading station that can report Vinduino sensor data via the Thingspeak platform.
Van der Lee future plans include designing a network hub for collecting readings from multiple sensor stations,
Van der Lee says that one of his primary motivations for building Vinduino was to innovate on commercial soil monitoring systems that typically rely on readings from a single sensor.
Vinduino uses three sensors at different depths to get a better handle on the way water moves through the soil at each measurement point.
together with low cost gypsum soil moisture sensors, provides all that. heck out the video below to learn more.
Another possible application is in sensors that measure magnetic fields. The results have been published in Nature Communications c
By analyzing the spectral signals captured by a special sensor they installed at Harvard Forest in Petersham, Mass."
scientists eventually hope to make very fast transistors, semiconductors, sensors and transparent electrodes using graphene.""This is an amazing material,
'"says Bart Ludbrook, first author on the PNAS paper and a former Phd researcher in Damascelli's group at UBC."
According to financial reports, the global market for graphene reached $9 million in 2014 with most sales in the semiconductor, electronics, battery, energy,
scientists eventually hope to make very fast transistors, semiconductors, sensors and transparent electrodes using graphene.""This is an amazing material,
'"says Bart Ludbrook, first author on the PNAS paper and a former Phd researcher in Damascelli's group at UBC."
According to financial reports, the global market for graphene reached $9 million in 2014 with most sales in the semiconductor, electronics, battery, energy,
Besides its potential use in information transfer, the metamaterial might also prove useful in data storage or for sensors that measure magnetic fields.
Very generally it could be used in spintronics, so in a promising future development in electronics for novel computer technology.
The measurements the researchers used to reveal the magnetic orientation of the nanomagnets, and therefore the properties of the metamaterial, can only be conducted exclusively at PSI.
It is called the ocktail-party problem Typical approaches to solving it have involved either systems with multiple microphones,
is a simple 3d-printed device that can pinpoint the origin of a sound without the need for any sophisticated electronics.
Openings around the edge channel sound through 36 passages towards a microphone in the middle. Each passage modifies the sound in a subtly different way as it travels towards the centreoughly
Applications of these devices include advanced microscopes, displays, sensors, and cameras that can be mass-produced using the same techniques used to manufacture computer microchips. hese flat lenses will help us to make more compact and robust imaging assemblies,
said Mahmood Bagheri, a microdevices engineer at JPL and co-author of a new Nature Nanotechnology study describing the devices. urrently,
and the study principal investigator. ut this new technology is very similar to the one used to print semiconductor chips onto silicon wafers,
Semiconductor lasers typically emit into elliptical beams that are really hard to work with and the new metasurface optical components could replace expensive optical systems used to circularize the beams.
and is an inexpensive lab on a chip. Drawing of blood components being separated by sound waves.
and biological research. ecause the device is built on a lab-on-a chip system, it is both compact and inexpensive about the size and cost of a cell phone in its current configuration.
Lung and Blood Institute of the National institutes of health, published their work in a recent issue of Lab on a Chip. ell sorting is used widely in many areas of biology to characterize
designed to hold a camera, LED light, an integrated circuit for receiving control instructions and transmitting data, antenna, 1. 5v button battery and, at the rear, the drive unit, to
Further tests using a pig stomach proved that the capsule could be manoeuvred around using an IR remote control
The patient would then be sent home with a sensor pad strapped to their abdomen while the capsule negiotiated the twists and turns of the intestine,
#Gallium nitride and Sol-Gel Transistors to Change Electronics and Energy consumption August 5, 2015-Graphene is seen as a material that is altering our technical world.
In the past few weeks two others have joined the new materials world of electronics. One is gallium nitride (Gan),
and the other is sol-gel. The Gallium nitride Energy revolution is About to Happencambridge Electronics, Inc. CEI),
whose motto is"Dream it. We'll power it, "is a Massachusetts company on a mission to reduce energy consumption
Through a new semiconductor material, gallium nitride (Gan. Already being used in LED light bulbs, television and computer displays,
and transistors found in all the computing devices of our modern world. CEI, through Gan, hopes to change because not only is the material more efficient in light emission,
it also handles power more efficiently than any silicon-based transistor. Over nine years CEI has been perfecting Gan
and today it can outperform silicon providing 1/10th the resistance of silicon transistors. This means faster switches
and other electronic devices eliminating the clunky brick that is commonly comes with a device's power cord.
So why aren't we seeing a flood of electronic devices on the market made from Gan now?
and reduces the size and cost of electronic devices. Massachusetts institute of technology, the brain trust from which CEI was hatched believes using Gan in data servers, electric vehicle inverters
solar power inverters, industrial motor controllers, and other electronics will produce $900 billion in energy savings annually by 2025.
That's impressive. But don't count silicon out just yet. That's our next story.
Hybrid Silica Changing Sol-Gel Supercapacitorsa new material made from a common fatty acid, octylphosphonic acid,
may soon be found in supercapacitors used in electromagnetic propulsion, electric vehicles, defibrillators and other instant quick-discharge devices.
Performance of sol-gel thin film electrodes at Georgia Tech's laboratories has exceeded all existing commercial electrolytic capacitors and thin-film lithium-ion batteries.
this is the first time I've seen a capacitor beat a battery on energy density.""The research into sol-gel supercapacitors appeared in the July 14th edition of the journal, Advanced Energy Materials.
Now the question becomes, can the materials be scaled up and become cost competitive. Essays and comments posted in World Future Society
In the past few weeks two others have joined the new materials world of electronics. One is gallium nitride (Gan),
and the other is sol-gel. August 4 2015-Yesterday the President of the United states released the revised Clean Power Plan with a focus on fossil-fuel burning power plants.
The ability to mold inorganic nanoparticles out of materials such as gold and silver in precisely designed 3d shapes is a significant breakthrough that has the potential to advance laser technology microscopy solar cells electronics environmental testing disease
Sensor-based irrigation systems show potential to increase greenhouse profitability Wireless sensor-based irrigation systems can offer significant benefits to greenhouse operators.
Advances in sensor technology and increased understanding of plant physiology have made it possible for greenhouse growers to use water content sensors to accurately determine irrigation timing and application rates in soilless substrates.
The wireless sensor systems provide more accurate measurements of substrate moisture than qualitative methods and can save irrigation water labor energy and fertilizer.
The authors of a report published in Horttechnology said that the use of sensor-based irrigation technology can also accelerate container and greenhouse plant production time.
Sensor-based irrigation systems substitute capital for water and associated inputs such as energy labor and fertilizer the authors explained.
The scientists found that controlling irrigation using data from moisture sensors led to substantial reductions in both production time and crop losses.
Calculations showed that annualized profit under the wireless sensor system was over 1. 5 times more than under the nursery's standard practice
even if efficiency gains are not as high as those in the study controlling irrigation using wireless sensor systems is likely to increase profitability substantially.
They added that wireless sensor systems can have environmental benefits as well as the economic benefits shown in the study.
#Laser scientists create portable sensor for nitrous oxide, methane Rice university scientists have created a highly sensitive portable sensor to test the air for the most damaging greenhouse gases.
The device created by Rice engineer and laser pioneer Frank Tittel and his group uses a thumbnail-sized quantum cascade laser (QCL) as well as tuning forks that cost no more than a dime to detect very small amounts of nitrous oxide and methane.
and the QEPAS sensor's findings compared favorably to the lab's much larger instrument,
This can lead the way to tiny, solar-powered sensors. The latest buzz in the information technology industry regards he Internet of thingsthe idea that vehicles, appliances, civil-engineering structures, manufacturing equipment,
and even livestock would have embedded their own sensors that report information directly to networked servers,
however, will require extremely low-power sensors that can run for months without battery changes or, even better, that can extract energy from the environment to recharge.
this new chip can do both, and it can power the device directly from the battery.
All of those operations also share a single inductor the chip main electrical component which saves on circuit board space
Nonetheless, the chip power consumption remains low. e still want to have battery-charging capability, and we still want to provide a regulated output voltage,
and we really want to do all these tasks with inductor sharing and see which operational mode is the best.
The prototype chip was manufactured through the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company University Shuttle Program. Ups and downs The circuit chief function is to regulate the voltages between the solar cell, the battery,
To control the current flow across their chip, El-Damak and her advisor, Anantha Chandrakasan,
the Joseph F. and Nancy P. Keithley Professor in Electrical engineering, use an inductor, which is a wire wound into a coil.
When a current passes through an inductor, it generates a magnetic field, which in turn resists any change in the current.
Throwing switches in the inductor path causes it to alternately charge and discharge, so that the current flowing through it continuously ramps up
however, the switches in the inductor path need to be thrown immediately; otherwise, current could begin to flow through the circuit in the wrong direction,
El-Damak and Chandrakasan use an electrical component called a capacitor, which can store electrical charge.
The higher the current, the more rapidly the capacitor fills. When it full, the circuit stops charging the inductor.
The rate at which the current drops off however, depends on the output voltage, whose regulation is the very purpose of the chip.
Since that voltage is fixed, the variation in timing has to come from variation in capacitance.
El-Damak and Chandrakasan thus equip their chip with a bank of capacitors of different sizes.
As the current drops, it charges a subset of those capacitors, whose selection is determined by the solar cell voltage.
Once again, when the capacitor fills, the switches in the inductor path are flipped. n this technology space,
there usually a trend to lower efficiency as the power gets lower, because there a fixed amount of energy that consumed by doing the work,
who leads a power conversion development project as a fellow at the chip manufacturer Maxim Integrated. f youe only coming in with a small amount,
he adds. t really kind of a full system-on-a chip for power management. And that makes it a little more complicated
and electron those reaching the detectors simultaneously are very likely to have come from the same molecule.
and trees when under stress and detectors to identify concentrations in air samples could be used to monitor our changing ecology.
A wireless transmitter on the robot sends camera video and sensor data such as the unit's speed,
For its guidance system, the Trakür employs sensors that allow it to follow a 1 mm copper cable,
not including the robot's chassis, motor, pump and electronics.""Purchased abroad, it very likely that would cost you some $20, 000 all told.
-or solar-powered sensors that are distributed in a greenhouse or field. These sensors connect to backend servers that process the data collected,
and the information is displayed as requested by the customer. So, for example, a farmer could monitor conditions for his
a former electronics engineer with IBM and Sun who got the idea for a water-monitoring system
The accessories in question range from sensors, to lights, to thermostats, to smart outlets and come from a group of accessory-makers with a trusted reputation in the connected home industry.
The Elgato Eve is a set of connected wireless sensors that monitor key factors like indoor air quality, temperature, humidity as well as conditions outside, like temperature, humidity and air pressure.
Four sensors are included in the box, including Room for indoor monitoring, Weather for outdoor stats,
Pre-order for the Even sensors kicks off today, at Walmart. com and Amazon and youl be able to pick them up from the Apple Store starting in July
Sensors are sold individually at $79. 99 for Eve Room, $49. 95 for Eve Weather, $49. 95 for Eve Energy and $39. 95 for Eve Door & Window,
Connected thermostat maker ecobee is adding Homekit to its ecobee3 hardware, which is designed for houses that have multiple rooms in need of climate control.
Remote sensors help it monitor temperature in multiple rooms at the same time, letting you save energy and maximize comfort in every area.
with additional remote sensors available as add-on purchases for $79 per pair. The Caséta Smart Bridge is a wireless lighting hub that makes up a core part of the Caséta Wireless Lighting Starter Kit from the company.
including LED bulbs, plug-in lamps, thermostats, wall outlets, cameras, door locks and more. And in addition to its full range of first-party products,
Earlier this year Siemens broke ground in Mainz Germany on what it says will be the world s largest proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer.
#How LEDS Are Set to Revolutionize Hi-tech Greenhouse Farming It won't come as a surprise to discover that consumers all over the developed world are increasingly demanding seasonal vegetables all year round even
One obvious answer is to convert greenhouses from the traditional incandescent lighting usually high pressure sodium lamps to more energy-efficient LEDS.
but the industry has been slow to make this change because of the high initial cost of LEDS.
These guys have compared the life-cycle costs of traditional high pressure sodium lamps against those of LEDS for greenhouse lighting.
They calculate that the cumulative cost of high pressure sodium lamps surpasses that of LEDS after just seven years
and that after 16 years the cumulative cost of high pressure sodium lamps is more than double the equivalent cost of LEDS.
Although high pressure sodium lamps are individually cheaper than LEDS they have to be changed every year compared to every 19 years for LEDS.
And of course LEDS use considerably less electricity wasting little as heat. But the most interesting part of Singh and co s analysis is in the potential of LEDS to change the way that vegetables are grown.
High pressure sodium lamps emit light across the entire visible part of the spectrum and well into the infrared where much energy is lost as heat.
By contrast LEDS can be adjusted to emit light in very specific parts of the spectrum. Plant physiologists have known long that chlorophyll absorbs mainly in the blue green
That s easy with LEDS of course but impossible with sodium lampsat the same time various researchers have shown that flowering
LEDS give farmers greater flexibility at a lower cost and a smaller environmental footprint. These are surely goals worth aiming for r
As the price and size of powerful sensors continues to drop and computing takes on a limitless capacity in the cloud,
and hits the ELISA plate with a variety of light-emitting diodes. After the light is projected through each well, 96 individual plastic optical fibers in the attachment collect a multitude of images.
Gomes and Mclamore are moving on to refining the electronics to something that can be handheld and easily used.
Its highly versatile nature makes it applicable for use in numerous electronics gadgets such as wearables, flexible displays and other sophisticated electronic devices."
captures harmful gas and weaves transistors into shirts and dresses. otton is one of the most fascinating and misunderstood materials,
The Hinestroza group has turned cotton fibers into electronic components such as transistors and thermistors so instead of adding electronics to fabrics,
he converts the fabric into an electronic component. reating transistors and other components using cotton fibers brings a new perspective to the seamless integration of electronics
and textiles, enabling the creation of unique wearable electronic devices, Hinestroza said. Taking advantage of cotton irregular topography, Hinestroza and his students added conformal coatings of gold nanoparticles,
as well as semiconductive and conductive polymers to tailor the behavior of natural cotton fibers. he layers were so thin that the flexibility of the cotton fibers is preserved always,
Hinestroza said, ibers are everywhere from your underwear, pajamas, toothbrushes, tires, shoes, car seats, air filtration systems and even your clothes.
#Saturas Successfully Conducts Field trials of Embedded Stem Water Sensor The field tests were conducted on peach and citrus trees at the Hula Valley Orchards Experimental Farm.
Based on the research of Dr. Moshe Meron Saturas has developed a miniature stem water potential (SWP) sensor that is embedded in the trunks of trees vines and plants.
The Saturas sensor provides accurate information for optimized irrigation to reduce water consumption with no stress to the plants and increases fruit production and quality.
Saturas'precision agriculture sensing system comprises of miniature implanted sensors wireless transponders and delivery of information to the farmer's Internet device:
Despite numerous approaches to sensor-based irrigation including measuring soil and leaf moisture the market lacks a solution that combines accuracy ease of use and affordability.
Embedding the sensor in the trunk eliminates the common problem of damage to sensors placed in the soil or on fruit or leaves.
#New MIT Power Converter Chip Harvests More than 80%of Energy Realizing that vision, however, will require extremely low-power sensors that can run for months without battery changes or, even better,
that can extract energy from the environment to recharge. Last week, at the Symposia on VLSI Technology And circuits, MIT researchers presented a new power converter chip that can harvest more than 80 percent of the energy trickling into it,
this new chip can do both, and it can power the device directly from the battery.
All of those operations also share a single inductor the chip main electrical component which saves on circuit board space
Nonetheless, the chip power consumption remains low. e still want to have battery-charging capability, and we still want to provide a regulated output voltage,
and we really want to do all these tasks with inductor sharing and see which operational mode is the best.
at very limited input power levels 10 nanowatts to 1 microwatt for the Internet of things. he prototype chip was manufactured through the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company's University Shuttle Program.
To control the current flow across their chip, El-Damak and her advisor, Anantha Chandrakasan,
the Joseph F. and Nancy P. Keithley Professor in Electrical engineering, use an inductor, which is a wire wound into a coil.
When a current passes through an inductor, it generates a magnetic field, which in turn resists any change in the current.
Throwing switches in the inductor path causes it to alternately charge and discharge so that the current flowing through it continuously ramps up
however, the switches in the inductor path need to be thrown immediately; otherwise, current could begin to flow through the circuit in the wrong direction,
El-Damak and Chandrakasan use an electrical component called a capacitor, which can store electrical charge.
The higher the current, the more rapidly the capacitor fills. When it full, the circuit stops charging the inductor.
The rate at which the current drops off however, depends on the output voltage, whose regulation is the very purpose of the chip.
Since that voltage is fixed, the variation in timing has to come from variation in capacitance.
El-Damak and Chandrakasan thus equip their chip with a bank of capacitors of different sizes.
As the current drops, it charges a subset of those capacitors, whose selection is determined by the solar cell voltage.
Once again, when the capacitor fills, the switches in the inductor path are flipped. n this technology space,
there usually a trend to lower efficiency as the power gets lower, because there a fixed amount of energy that consumed by doing the work,
who leads a power conversion development project as a fellow at the chip manufacturer Maxim Integrated. f youe only coming in with a small amount,
he adds. t really kind of a full system-on-a chip for power management. And that makes it a little more complicated, a little bit larger,
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