ingestible electronics, which can diagnose and monitor a variety of conditions in the GI TRACT; or extended-release drug-delivery systems that could last for weeks or months after a single administration.
either--the antenna and power-converting circuit can only extend the battery life of an iphone 6 by about 30,
consequently, are of interest for use as organic LEDS (OLEDS). Within graphene, benzene rings are fused to form a honeycomb structure.
Sections of this structure, referred to as nanographenes or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS), play an integral role in organic electronics.
mechanically flexible electronic components adapted to individual applications, such as LEDS. Courtesy of Goethe University Frankfurt. The boron-containing nanographenes have an impact on two key properties of an OLED luminophore
the researchers said: the color of fluorescence shifts into the highly desirable, blue spectral range and the capacity to transport electrons is improved substantially.
Hertz and Wagner anticipate that such materials like the graphene flakes they developed will be particularly suitable for use in portable electronic devices,
#Computer Chips Can Now Be made From Wood Not quite what we had in mindthe woods are lovely, dark, deep,
researchers announced the construction of computer chips made from wood. But don't expect to see hipsters advertising hand-carved artisan computer chips.
The wood product that the scientists are using is called cellulose nanofibril, or CNF. It is thin, flexible,
The researchers were able to use CNF as a substrate or base layer for electronic circuits in lab tests,
unlike a lot of the petroleum-based alternatives that manufacturers use to build the bases of modern computer chips.
"The majority of material in a chip is support. We only use less than a couple of micrometers for everything else,
"Now the chips are so safe you can put them in the forest and fungus will degrade it.
"It will be years before computers containing wood-based computer chips hit store shelves, but computers as fertilizer isn't a totally crazy idea.
Society tends to treat electronics as disposable commodities. But unlike a glass bottle that gets recycled or food that hits a compost heap,
but there's still a ton of electronics (well, a few million tons) headed for the landfill.
By changing the materials that we build electronics with, Ma, and others like him (another team is building dissolvable circuits) are trying to deal with the e waste problem at the start--long before your phone gets stepped on or your computer crashes.
and tested a new sensor to detect ambient levels of mercury in the atmosphere. Funded through a National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation grant, the new highly sensitive, laser-based instrument provides scientists with a method to more accurately measure global human exposure to mercury.
titled"Deployment of a sequential two-photon laser-induced fluorescence sensor for the detection of gaseous elemental mercury at ambient levels:
It also generates small amounts of electricity--in practice enough to drive a small fan, a sensor or a light-emitting diode.
but which could also transfer electrons to a metal electrode, "he says. The idea behind this water purification approach was born many years ago
#New laser for computer chips: International team of scientists constructs first germanium-tin semiconductor laser for silicon chips The transfer of data between multiple cores as well as between logic elements and memory cells is regarded as a bottleneck in the fast-developing computer technology.
Data transmission via light could be the answer to the call for a faster and more energy efficient data flow on computer chips as well as between different board components.
Signal transmission via copper wires limits the development of larger and faster computers due to the thermal load and the limited bandwidth of copper wires.
However in spite of intensive research a laser source that is compatible with the manufacturing of chips is not yet achievable according to the head of Semiconductor Nanoelectronics (PGI-9). The basis of chip manufacturing is silicon an element of main group IV of the periodic table.
Typical semiconductor lasers for telecommunication systems made of gallium arsenide for example however are costly and consist of elements from main groups III
In contrast semiconductors of main group IV--to which both silicon and germanium belong--can be integrated into the manufacturing process without any major difficulties.
They are classed among the indirect semiconductors. In contrast to direct semiconductors they emit mostly heat and only a little light when excited.
That is why research groups all over the globe are intensively pursuing the objective of manipulating the material properties of germanium
The scientists at Julich's Peter Grunberg Institute have succeeded now for the first time in creating a real direct main group IV semiconductor laser by combining germanium and tin
Currently the scientists in Dr. Dan Buca's group at Julich are working on linking optics and electronics even more closely.
Hence sensors made of Gesn promise a new possibility of detecting these compounds. Along with computer chips completely new applications that have not been pursued so far for financial reasons may
thus benefit from the new laser material. Gas sensors or implantable chips for medical applications which can gather information about blood sugar levels
or other parameters via spectroscopic analysis are examples. In the future cost-effective portable sensor technology--which may be integrated into a smart phone--could supply real-time data on the distribution of substances in the air
or the ground and thus contribute to a better understanding of weather and climate development m
#Comprehensive know-how and the full value chain, from technology development to complete systems Arraythe FBH develops the LED TECHNOLOGY in the UV-B and UV-C spectral range from the chip to the final
In this particular case, LEDS emitting at a wavelength around 310 nm are used to stimulate health-promoting secondary metabolites in plants.
which are defined by gratings implemented into the semiconductor chip. Wavelength selection is realized by separately addressable sections within the laser.
With these FBH tiny monolithic light sources on chip level, a compact SERDS measurement head that is only as small as a laser pointer was realized for the first time.
#Biodegradable, flexible silicon transistors Now researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison have come up with a new solution to alleviate the environmental burden of discarded electronics.
This work opens the door for green, low-cost, portable electronic devices in future. Array"We found that cellulose nanofibrillated fiber based transistors exhibit superior performance as that of conventional silicon-based transistors,
"said Zhenqiang Ma, the team leader and a professor of electrical and computer engineering at the UW-Madison."
"And the bio-based transistors are so safe that you can put them in the forest,
"Nowadays, the majority of portable electronics are built on nonrenewable, non-biodegradable materials such as silicon wafers,
All these superior properties make cellulose nanofibril an outstanding candidate for making portable green electronics.
Ma's team employed silicon nanomembranes as the active material in the transistor--pieces of ultra-thin films (thinner than a human hair) peeled from the bulk crystal
and glued onto the cellulose nanofibrill substrate to create a flexible, biodegradable and transparent silicon transistor.
But to make portable electronics, the biodegradable transistor needed to be able to operate at microwave frequencies,
which is the working range of most wireless devices. The researchers thus conducted a series of experiments such as measuring the current-voltage characteristics to study the device's functional performance,
which finally showed the biodegradable transistor has superior microwave-frequency operation capabilities comparable to existing semiconductor transistors."
"Biodegradable electronics provide a new solution for environmental problems brought by consumers'pursuit of quickly upgraded portable devices,
"It can be anticipated that future electronic chips and portable devices will be much greener and cheaper than that of today."
"Next, Ma and colleagues plan to develop more complicated circuit system based on the biodegradable transistors s
Sunlight to electricity Solar cells work by converting photons of sunlight into an electric current that moves between two electrodes.
A key roadblock to building an efficient perovskite-silicon tandem has been a lack of transparency. olin had to figure out how to put a transparent electrode on the top
Mcgehee said. o one had made ever a perovskite solar cell with two transparent electrodes. Perovskites are damaged easily by heat and readily dissolve in water.
This inherent instability ruled out virtually all of the conventional techniques for applying electrodes onto the perovoskite solar cell
#A new kind of wood chip: collaboration could lead to biodegradable computer chips Portable electronics typically made of nonrenewable,
non-biodegradable and potentially toxic materials are discarded at an alarming rate in consumerspursuit of the next best electronic gadget.
In an effort to alleviate the environmental burden of electronic devices, a team of University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers has collaborated with researchers in the Madison-based U s. Department of agriculture Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) to develop a surprising solution:
a semiconductor chip made almost entirely of wood. A cellulose nanofibril (CNF) computer chip rests on a leaf.
Image credit: Yei Hwan Jung, Wisconsin Nano Engineering Device Laboratory A cellulose nanofibril (CNF) computer chip rests on a leaf.
Image credit: Yei Hwan Jung, Wisconsin Nano Engineering Device Laboratory The research team, led by UW-Madison electrical
or support layer, of a computer chip, with cellulose nanofibril (CNF), a flexible, biodegradable material made from wood. he majority of material in a chip is support.
Ma says. ow the chips are so safe you can put them in the forest
Working with Shaoqin arahgong, a UW-Madison professor of biomedical engineering, Cai group addressed two key barriers to using wood-derived materials in an electronics setting:
CNF offers many benefits over current chip substrates, she says. he advantage of CNF over other polymers is that it a bio-based material and most other polymers are based petroleum polymers.
The group work also demonstrates a more environmentally friendly process that showed performance similar to existing chips.
The majority of today wireless devices use gallium arsenide-based microwave chips due to their superior high-frequency operation and power handling capabilities.
However, gallium arsenide can be environmentally toxic, particularly in the massive quantities of discarded wireless electronics.
500 gallium arsenide transistors in a 5-by-6 millimeter chip. Typically for a microwave chip that size,
there are only eight to 40 transistors. The rest of the area is wasted just, he says. e take our design
and make a completely functional circuit with performance comparable to existing chips. While the biodegradability of these materials will have a positive impact on the environment,
Ma says the flexibility of the technology can lead to widespread adoption of these electronic chips. ass-producing current semiconductor chips is so cheap,
he says. ut flexible electronics are the future, and we think wee going to be well ahead of the curve. t
#Single Atom Building blocks For Future Electronics The material is called a silicene, a layer of silicon single atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern that was fabricated first by researchers at UOW Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM) and their partners in Europe and China.
which means reducing power and cooling requirements for electronic devices. f silicene could be used to build electronic devices,
it could enable the semiconductor industry to achieve the ultimate in miniaturization, Dr Yi Du,
The next step will be to integrate it into electronic devices and test its usefulness for specific applications. he challenge is to make large-scale
and high-quality silicene layers that are large enough for integrated circuits, Dr Du said. here is also work to be done in developing ways to peel
as well as embed electrodes in it. s
#Scientists construct first whole genome sequence of bighorn sheep Geneticists at the University of Alberta have constructed the first whole genome sequence of a bighorn sheep in a new study that could have a significant impact on conservation efforts of the species,
The technology is depending on an electrode integrated into a segment of the tire. When it comes into contact with the ground,
team used a toy car with LED LIGHTS. Engineers attached an electrode to the tires of the toy car
and watched the LED LIGHTS as the car was rolling forward and they flashed on and off as electrodes came with contact with the surface.
The friction was strong enough for the electrodes to harvest enough energy to power the lights,
which means that scientists confirmed the idea that wasted friction energy can be collected and reused.
Engineers also determined that the amount of energy harnessed is directly related to the weight of a car
captures harmful gas and weaves transistors into shirts and dresses. otton is one of the most fascinating and misunderstood materials,
and that is our world we can control cellulose-based materials one atom at a time. he Hinestroza group has turned cotton fibers into electronic components such as transistors and thermistors,
so instead of adding electronics to fabrics, he converts the fabric into an electronic component. reating transistors
and other components using cotton fibers brings a new perspective to the seamless integration of electronics
and textiles, enabling the creation of unique wearable electronic devices, Hinestroza said. Taking advantage of cotton irregular topography, Hinestroza and his students added conformal coatings of gold nanoparticles,
as well as semiconductive and conductive polymers to tailor the behavior of natural cotton fibers. he layers were so thin that the flexibility of the cotton fibers is preserved always,
ingestible electronics, which can diagnose and monitor a variety of conditions in the GI TRACT; or extended-release drug-delivery systems that could last for weeks
your next phone could be made of wood Engineers hunting for a way to make electronics more sustainable have hit on a novel invention-a semiconductor chip made almost entirely out of wood.
The idea is that instead of making chips from petroleum-based plastic, we'd be able to use cellulose nanofibril-a flexible,
"The majority of material in a chip is support. We only use less than a couple of micrometers for everything else,
"The result is based a bio chip, which is not only flexible enough to use in consumer electronics but an order of magnitude more environmentally-friendly."
"The chips are so safe you can put them in the forest and fungus will degrade it.
They become as safe as fertilizer, "said Ma. He added:""Mass-producing current semiconductor chips is so cheap,
and it may take time for the industry to adapt to our design. But flexible electronics are the future,
and we think we're going to be well ahead of the curve
#The world first commercial jetpack will cost $150, 000 next year After 35 years in development,
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