#New gene therapy could rewire the eye to help blind people see Scientists might be able to change the cells in blind people eyes,
Now, scientists hope that they can use gene therapy to transform nerves in the eye to replace those lost photoreceptors.
It is part of a new field called optogenetics which uses molecules from algae or other microorganisms that respond to light,
Optogenetics is a form of gene therapy and works by changing the makeup of the damaged cells.
it is not likely to cause the same kind of ethical and practical problems that blight work on other forms of gene therapy.
"Working with Shaoqin"Sarah"Gong, a UW-Madison professor of biomedical engineering, Cai's group addressed two key barriers to using wood-derived materials in an electronics setting:
Bio-based materials are sustainable, biocompatible and biodegradable, "Gong says.""And, compared to other polymers,
The remaining particles degrade easily after disposal because of their biocompatible lignin core, limiting the risk to the environment."
"said Velev, INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the paper's corresponding author."
Ralstonia, a genus of bacteria containing numerous soil-borne pathogen species; and Staphylococcus epidermis, a bacterium that can cause harmful biofilms on plastics-like catheters-in the human body.
The nanoparticles were effective against all the bacteria. The method allows researchers the flexibility to change the nanoparticle recipe in order to target specific microbes.
The remaining particles degrade easily after disposal because of their biocompatible lignin core, limiting the risk to the environment."
"said Velev, INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the paper's corresponding author."
Ralstonia, a genus of bacteria containing numerous soil-borne pathogen species; and Staphylococcus epidermis, a bacterium that can cause harmful biofilms on plastics-like catheters-in the human body.
The nanoparticles were effective against all the bacteria. The method allows researchers the flexibility to change the nanoparticle recipe in order to target specific microbes.
The researchers, led by University of Illinois bioengineering professors Dipanjan Pan and Rohit Bhargava, report their findings in the journal Small."
"##The research team included faculty members in bioengineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, chemistry, electrical and computer engineering and mechanical science and engineering;
4-D printing to advance chemistry, materials sciences and defense capabilities June 18th, 2015cancer First full genome of a living organism assembled using technology the size of smartphone June 15th,
and deposited onto a spinal cord lesion in Glial fibrillary acidic protein-luc Transgenic mices (GFAP-luc mice). Overexpression of GFAP is an indicator of astrogliosis/neuroinflammation in CNS injury.
2015newly-Developed Biosensor in Iran Detects Cocaine addiction June 23rd, 2015university of Tehran to Host 12th Int'l Confab on Membrane Science, Technology (MST2015) June 23rd,
2015newly-Developed Biosensor in Iran Detects Cocaine addiction June 23rd, 2015discoveries Nanometric sensor designed to detect herbicides can help diagnose multiple sclerosis June 23rd, 2015sweeping lasers snap together nanoscale geometric grids:
2015newly-Developed Biosensor in Iran Detects Cocaine addiction June 23rd, 2015iranian Scientists Design Nano Device to Detect Cyanogen Toxic Gas June 23rd,
2015newly-Developed Biosensor in Iran Detects Cocaine addiction June 23rd, 2015university of Tehran to Host 12th Int'l Confab on Membrane Science, Technology (MST2015) June 23rd,
2015newly-Developed Biosensor in Iran Detects Cocaine addiction June 23rd, 2015iranian Scientists Design Nano Device to Detect Cyanogen Toxic Gas June 23rd, 2015materials/Metamaterials n-tech Research Issues Report on Smart Coatings Market
and the Environment June 24th, 2015newly-Developed Biosensor in Iran Detects Cocaine addiction June 23rd, 2015iranian Scientists Design Nano Device to Detect Cyanogen Toxic Gas June 23rd,
The remaining particles degrade easily after disposal because of their biocompatible lignin core, limiting the risk to the environment."
"said Velev, INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the paper's corresponding author."
Ralstonia, a genus of bacteria containing numerous soil-borne pathogen species; and Staphylococcus epidermis, a bacterium that can cause harmful biofilms on plastics-like catheters-in the human body.
The nanoparticles were effective against all the bacteria. The method allows researchers the flexibility to change the nanoparticle recipe in order to target specific microbes.
"said Jihyun Kim, the team leader and a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological engineering at Korea University."
the processing of the woolen fabric samples by using optimum amount of honeycomb nanocomposite such as N-Ag/Zno improves the biological, mechanical and hydrophilicity of the fabrics.
with a possible focus on filtering biological contaminants from groundwater to make it safe to drink. There are already a number of filters on the market that can do this,
The system is equipped also to treat the biological contaminants that Wright initially thought shed be treating,
or have long-term environmental effects like GMOS, affirms Ursula Hudson, member of the Executive Committee of Slow food International l
The remaining particles degrade easily after disposal because of their biocompatible lignin core, limiting the risk to the environment.
said Velev, INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the papers corresponding author.
Ralstonia, a genus of bacteria containing numerous soil-borne pathogen species; and Staphylococcus epidermis, a bacterium that can cause harmful biofilms on plastics like catheters in the human body.
The nanoparticles were effective against all the bacteria. The method allows researchers the flexibility to change the nanoparticle recipe in order to target specific microbes.
"said Jihyun Kim, the team leader and a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological engineering at Korea University."
In particular, biomedical applications, an area where the use of biocompatible polycarbonates is established well, have been left out.
MIT is negotiating an exclusive license agreement with Lyndra, an early-stage biotechnology company developing novel oral drug-delivery systems, for this and other related technologies.
The scaffold is nourished then in a bioreactor enabling new tissue to grow and colonise the scaffold.
Ott began by suspending the decellularised forelimb in a bioreactor, plumbing the collagen artery into an artificial circulatory system to provide nutrients, oxygen and electrical stimulation to the limb.
Ott finished off the limb by coating the forelimbs with skin grafts (Biomaterials, doi. org/4w7.
taking known fundamental principles of biology and applying them as an engineer would.""Others are more critical."
#Scientists Give Genetically modified organisms A Safety Switch Researchers at Harvard and Yale have used some extreme gene-manipulation tools to engineer safety features into designer organisms.
This work goes far beyond traditional genetic engineering, which involves moving a gene from one organism to another.
In this case, they're actually rewriting the language of genetics. The goal is to make modified organisms safer to use,
you may need to remember a bit of basic biology. The enzymes and other proteins in our bodies are built all from building blocks called amino acids.
But George Church a professor of genetics at Harvard Medical school, has created a bacterium that requires an additional amino acid,
With their altered genetic code, they are resistant to viruses that frequently attack bacteria. Viruses need the conventional DNA language
and developmental biology at Yale university. Isaacs left Church's lab at Harvard to start his own at Yale.
"I think it's commendable they're starting to design safety into genetically modified organisms, "says Jennifer Kuzma, co-director of the Genetic engineering and Society Center at North carolina State university."
"However, I don't really think it's going to affect the public perception that much or the way we have to deal with the uncertainty anyway.
The british biotech company Oxitec has been developing a unique form of pest control for over a decade.
when the mosquitoes mate, their young carry a mutation that kills them before theye able to reproduce
"Reporting the results in PLOS Biology, the team says with 5ht2ar turned off in mice,
This gives us a window into the future to see what bacteria will do to evade drugs that we design before a drug is deployed said co-author Bruce Donald a professor of computer science and biochemistry at Duke.
Developing preemptive strategies while the drugs are still in the design phase will give scientists a head start on the next line of compounds that will be effective despite the germ's resistance mutations.
Until now scientists trying to predict the genetic changes that would enable a bacterium to evade a particular drug have had to look up possible mutations from libraries of resistance mutations that have been observed previously.
With a new drug there is always the possibility that the organism will develop different mutations that had never been seen before.
Will they be the same old mutations we've seen before or might the bacteria do new things instead?
From a ranked list of possible mutations the researchers zeroed in on four tiny differences known as single nucleotide polymorphisms
Though none of the mutations they identified had been reported previously experiments with live bacteria in the lab showed their predictions were right.
When the scientists treated MRSA with the new drugs and sequenced the bacteria that survived more than half of the surviving colonies carried the predicted mutation that conferred the greatest resistance--a tiny change that reduced the drugs'effectiveness by 58-fold.
The fact that we actually found the new predicted mutations in bacteria is very exciting Donald said.
The researchers are now using their algorithm to predict resistance mutations to other drugs designed to combat pathogens like E coli and Enterococcus.
We might even be able to coax a pathogen into developing mutations that enable it to evade one drug
Their computational approach could be especially useful for forecasting drug resistance mutations in other diseases such as cancer HIV
and analyses of multiple biomarkers including inflammatory mediators indicated that the MP livers had been preserved better.
or biomolecules also display strong absorption lines at this boundary between near and mid-wavelength infrared.
#Bacterial genome scalpel can identify key gene regions Arraybacteria use CRISPR-Cas as a self-cleansing defense mechanism and immune system against unwanted DNA invaders such as viruses,
Cutting out one of the islands--the one that contained the milk-utilization genes--reduced the genome by about 5 percent.
Overall, elimination of all four areas reduced the genome by 7 percent.''We did not expect that magnitude of reduction in a relatively small genome,
'Barrangou said.''When you use pinpointed targeting of a specific portion of the genome, you expect a smaller deletion to occur.'
'The researchers say that that the same techniques can be used as a template to study essential and nonessential genomic regions in any bacterium of interest
''This work represents a stunning discovery of the grand and expansive genome rearrangements that occurred in beneficial bacteria that evolved to preserve foods,
enabling in-situ measurements in various security and health relevant fields including biology, medicine, food control, and pharmacy.
the wood nanomaterial is biocompatible and has relatively low thermal expansion coefficient, which means the material won't change shape as the temperature changes.
the bioplastic known as polylactic acid (PLA) is already a part of our everyday lives. And yet, PLA is considered not yet a full alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics, as it is costly to produce.
The bioplastic PLA is derived from renewable resources, including the sugar in maize and sugarcane. Fermentation turns the sugar into lactic acid,
In addition, PLA is biocompatible and thus suitable for medical use, for instance in absorbable suture threads.
and biotechnology can join forces
#Nanoscale light-emitting device has big profile University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers have created a nanoscale device that can emit light as powerfully as an object 10,000 times its size.
and Australian chemists have figured out how to unboil egg whites an innovation that could dramatically reduce costs for cancer treatments, food production and other segments of the $160 billion global biotechnology industry,
said Gregory Weiss, UCI professor of chemistry and molecular biology & biochemistry. n our paper, we describe a device for pulling apart tangled proteins
#Lawrence Livermore technology could help detect diseases in commercial swine industry Agricultural officials who seek to detect diseases affecting the commercial swine industry may gain a new ally a biological detection system developed by Lawrence Livermore
said Raymond obrowland, professor of diagnostic medicine and pathobiology at Kansas State College of Veterinary medicine. t really the future of diagnostics for both humans and animals.
Currently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays represent one technology widely used for pathogen detection but typically only a handful of microorganisms can be identified in a single test.
said LLNL biologist Crystal Jaing, who oversees LLNL microbial detection array collaborations. PCR test cannot.
it becomes feasible to look at microarrays as everyday tools for use in the diagnostic laboratory. he beauty of the LLMDA is that it lets you identify unknown diseases that the researcher isn looking for,
Clostridium and Staphylococcus. he use of the microarray technology could help the U s. detect the emergence of foreign animal diseases at their outset to prevent major disease outbreaks,
#DNA mutations get harder to hide Rice university researchers have developed a method to detect rare DNA mutations with an approach hundreds of times more powerful than current methods.
Rice researchers David Zhang, an assistant professor of bioengineering, and lead author and graduate student J. Sherry Wang applied their new molecular tools to 44 DNA samples with known cancer-related single-nucleotide variants.
The ability to accurately find mutations that are biomarkers for disease will help clinicians determine treatment paths for patients,
It may also help identify rare mutations and subtypes of infectious diseases as well as drug-resistant strains.
but mutations can leave the body vulnerable to disease, or even be the root cause.
The ability to accurately find rare single-nucleotide mutations is becoming increasingly important as scientists drill down into genomes to find biomarkers for early cancer detection. ee trying to solve the needle-in-a-haystack problem,
how do you detect a very rare mutation in a large pile of healthy DNA molecules?
The needle youe looking for might be a cancer-mutation DNA or bacterial-pathogen DNA,
and leave the probes to seek out mutations in the target DNA. Zhang and Wang carried this hybridization technique a step further as they determined the optimal conditions the window for each experiment, based on simulations.
Tests on amplified human genome samples showed excellent accuracy as well, they said. Zhang noted the technique should lead to significant savings,
especially if youe doing a multiplexed assay that checks for a few hundred different target mutations. he real benefit is still being able to do more specific detection,
basically being able to detect mutations at a much earlier phase when there not as much cancer DNA floating around,
Working with Shaoqin arahgong, a UW-Madison professor of biomedical engineering, Cai group addressed two key barriers to using wood-derived materials in an electronics setting:
biocompatible and biodegradable, Gong says. nd, compared to other polymers, CNF actually has a relatively low thermal expansion coefficient.
#Scientists construct first whole genome sequence of bighorn sheep Geneticists at the University of Alberta have constructed the first whole genome sequence of a bighorn sheep in a new study that could have a significant impact on conservation efforts of the species,
Phd student in the Department of Biological sciences and lead author on the study. hus, there is active interest in how best to manage the species to ensure their long-term survival.
To construct a whole genome sequence, the DNA is first run through a sequencer to identify small strings of building blocks, called nucleotides.
The strings of nucleotides are joined then together to produce a complete picture. he process of ordering the nucleotides into a genome is much like assembling a jigsaw puzzle,
which uses an existing genome sequence as a reference point to streamline the process. ere, one starts with the same jigsaw pieces,
and for genome sequencing this usually results in a much more complete picture being put together in less time than de novo assembly.
In this case, the reference used for alignment was the already complete whole genome sequence of a domestic sheep.
Full genome sequences are still relatively rare; for context, only 108 mammals are listed in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. ntil recently,
generating a genome sequence of any organism was nearly impossible, notes Miller. The majority of organisms sequenced so far have been domestic laboratory species such as fruit flies or lab mice.
But as Miller notes, this also tends to create an incomplete picture. here is an implicit problem
and cost-effective enough to be useful in obtaining whole genome sequences of wildlife species, like bighorn sheep.
This opens new avenues of research such as using genomics to plan conservation and management actions for at-risk species. Constructing a whole genome sequence of the bighorn sheep will also help by providing a reference for new studies,
which may make it possible to connect specific pieces of DNA with traits of interestor example,
The findings were published in BMC Genomics. Miller plans to continue his research in conservation genomics through a postdoctoral position at Yale university working with giant Galapagos tortoises,
using genomic methods learned over the course of his Phd to identify individuals that can be part of a captive breeding program u
These challenges have now been met with a new technique developed by researchers at the Energy Biosciences Institute (EBI
Scown says. y strategically piecing together biological and thermochemical processes, biorefineries can also operate without any fossil-derived inputs. o
bioengineering professor one of authors of the study, said that you just have to mix honey
From a biological point of view, there no other way to achieve this. After all, the material for example that of a fallen pinecone is already dead.
which the pores roughly model the cells in the biological material. What they found is fascinating.
who heads the Biomimetic Actuation and Tissue Growth Group in the Biomaterials Department of the Max Planck Institute in Potsdam,
The remaining particles degrade easily after disposal because of their biocompatible lignin core, limiting the risk to the environment. eople have been interested in using silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial purposes,
INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the paper corresponding author. e show here an inexpensive and environmentally responsible method to make effective antimicrobials with biomaterial cores. he researchers used the nanoparticles
Ralstonia, a genus of bacteria containing numerous soil-borne pathogen species; and Staphylococcus epidermis, a bacterium that can cause harmful biofilms on plastics like catheters in the human body.
The nanoparticles were effective against all the bacteria. The method allows researchers the flexibility to change the nanoparticle recipe in order to target specific microbes.
a finding that dispels previous concerns that the genetic material would quickly degrade in rain and sunlight.
Geneticists have used the technique to silence specific genes examine what functions are lost and hence learn that gene purpose.
MIT is negotiating an exclusive license agreement with Lyndra, an early-stage biotechnology company developing novel oral drug-delivery systems,
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