But unlike today, very stringent water restrictions much more severe than any now in placewere impacting residences as well as commercial facilities.
For instance, some households in Marin county, just north of San francisco, were restricted to 44 gallons of water per person per day0 gallons less per day than normal usage.
and have been so successful that many areas of the state are using about the same amount of water today as they were 10 and 20 years ago, even with population growth.
and the country early two billion gallons per day across the countryand save a family of four, on average, $2, 000 in water bills over the lifetime of the toilets, according to the EPA.
#Factory Dairy farms on the Rise in Asia The expansion of industrial dairy farms in Asia could lead to severe consequences for the environment, public health, animal welfare and rural economies, according to a policy paper by Brighter Green.
Earlier this week 57 global companies funds and associations including Unilever Ikea Royal dutch shell and Coca-cola Enterprises signed a letter to support a#robust#2030 energy
Built to Lasttherewith explicitly links building efficiency improvements to other key city goals of reducing social inequality
#Scientists grow norovirus stomach bug in a dish University of Florida rightoriginal Studyposted by Morgan Sherburne-Florida on November 13 2014researchers have grown for the first time a human norovirus in a cell culture dish taking a step toward developing medications to treat the stomach
##since it was discovered in 1972â##has been that we can t culture the human viruses in a cell culture dish##says Stephanie Karst associate professor in the molecular genetics and microbiology department at University of Florida College of Medicine.##
That s in part because researchers have not been able to culture human noroviruses so they can test potential treatmentsâ##until now.
and contribute to 56000 to 71000 hospitalizations and 570 to 800 deaths mostly in young children and older adults.
which leads to more than 90 percent of cancer deaths. The work is published in the journal Cancer Research.
A standard pregnancy test for example tests for a hormone produced when a fertilized egg implants into a women s uterus.
and improve the diets of children and adults alike.####There is great interest in the development of objective biomarkers of dietary intake especially biomarkers that can be measured noninvasively##says coauthor Susan T. Mayne professor of epidemiology at Yale university and a developer of the device.##
and the way they usually do things says lead author Curtis Weiss assistant professor of medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of medicine and a physician at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.
The authors analyzed the social networks of critical care physicians in the medical intensive care unit (ICU) at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.
The current way to diagnose infection is a culture but those results take 48 to 72 hours.
and we now have increasing numbers of examples of where single gene mutations can produce the presence of both seizure and migraines in the same patients and families.
A new study shows the girls with a family history of depression respond to stress by releasing much higher levels of the hormone cortisol.
They also have telomeres that are shorter by the equivalent of six years in adults.
Previous studies have uncovered links in adults between shorter telomeres and premature death more frequent infections and chronic diseases.
For the study published in Molecular Psychiatry researchers recruited 10-to 14-year-old healthy girls with a family history of depression
It's the equivalent in adults of six years of biological aging Gotlib says but it's not at all clear that that makes them 18
Exercise has been shown to delay telomere shortening in adults so girls at high-risk girls should learn stress reduction techniques Gotlib says.
or broccoli and orangish vegetables such as carrots even a small part of a child s daily diet reduced bad fats in the body
If cancer markers are found in a cell the circuit could for example activate a cellular suicide program.
To date the researchers have tested the function of their activation-ready sensor in cell culture of human kidney and cancer cells."
#Ebola family is at least 16 million years old University at Buffalo rightoriginal Studyposted by Charlotte Hsu-Buffalo on October 26 2014the family of viruses to
The new study pushes back the family s age to the time when great apes arose.##
In other words it appears the known filovirus family is at least as old as the common ancestor of hamsters and voles.##
The new study builds on Taylor s previous work which used viral fossil genes to estimate that the entire family of filoviruses was more than 10 million years old.
which was recognized in humans in 1967 and implicated in the death of a Ugandan health worker this month.
which was funded by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Hearing Health Foundation.
They found that in culture these strains exchanged the two metabolites and grew as if they were wild-type staph.
When individual CF staph small colony variants were mixed together in culture they grew like wild-type bacteria.
Likewise co-culture of CF staph small colony variants with normal microbiome bacterial species also enhanced the growth of staph in culture.
Heart disease accounts for one in four deaths every year.####Scientists have thought that fibroblasts are differentiated terminally meaning they can t adopt the fate of other kinds of cells;
##because it causes damaged out of control cells to commit suicide or apoptosis which reduces the likelihood that they will go on to form tumors.##
##The American Heart Association and the National institutes of health funded the work. Source: UNC-Chapel Hillyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license h
In a piezoelectric material pressure compresses its molecular structure much like a child jumping on a bed compresses the mattress.
whether maternal age is important in the accumulation of MITOCHONDRIAL DNA (mtdna) mutations, both in the mother and in the child as a result of transmission.
they took samples of blood and of cells inside the cheek from 39 healthy mother-child pairs.
if it is tinyf there is a severe decrease in mitochondrial molecules during the egg-cell developmenthen the genetic makeup of the child might differ dramatically from that of the mother.
the percentage of disease-carrying molecules that will be passed on to the child. Knowledge about both the maternal age effect and the bottleneck size is useful in family planning. e have some predictive power now
and can assist genetic counselors in advising couples about the chances of mitochondrial diseases being passed to the next generation,
and can also increase mortality risk.#####Therefore it appears topical antibiotics used in an effort to prevent pneumonia in the ICU are a hazard
and out-of-pocket expenses for people in households below the poverty line in Karnataka India.
Researchers studied roughlyâ#80000 households from 600 villages and found a 64 percent drop in mortality from diseases covered by insurance.
##This World bank study clearly shows how this program benefits the health of the poor in Karnataka##says U. T. Khader the stateâ##s Minister of Health and Family Welfare.##
and public hospitals empaneled by VAS for below-the-poverty-line (BPL) families with little or no access to tertiary care;
automatic enrollment of all BPL families with no annual premiums user fees or copayments; and health camps in rural areas by empanelled hospitals
##The results of this study are important to India as it makes choices on how to make progress towards universal health coverage##says Onno Ruhl World bank Group Country Director for India.##
##The study published in the journalâ#BMJ included more than 82000 households. Since the program was phased covering poor households in the northern part of Karnataka in the first phase before expanding to the rest of the state the study compared the health outcomes of roughly 45000 households from villages that were covered by the insurance to roughly 37000 households
from villages that were covered not by the program.####The study shows that public policy can play a strong role in reducing disparities in health due to socioeconomic status. In villages without insurance the poor had much higher mortality than the rich
but such disparities were eliminated completely in villages with insurance coverage##says Neeraj Sood professor and director of research at the Schaeffer Center for Health policy and Economics at University of Southern California.##
##Rates of early death and illness from chronic conditionsâ##such as heart disease and cancerâ##have increased dramatically in India in the past few decades putting the poor at high risk of not having access to services they need
Type 2 is the form of diabetes once known as##adult onset##in which the body produces insulin that ordinarily would keep blood sugar under control
##and carries significant risks that include death so it is not a realistic solution for most patients.##
Their discovery makes it likely that similar drug-related deaths can be prevented in the future. In 1997 troglitazone was approved for use in the United states as one of the first drugs designed to treat type 2 diabetes.
The researchers cite the accumulation of bile acids substances produced by the liver that promote digestion and aid in the absorption of fats as the most likely suspect in the deaths.
If they accumulate in the liver they can cause cell death. Increased bile acid concentrations in the liver may lead to liver damage.
##The research is published online in the journal Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and was presented at a meeting of the International Meeting for Autism Research.
They used the Childhood Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (CARS-2) to help rate child behavior because of the instrument s flexible usage guidelines.
or guardians information about autism and guidance on using behavioral strategies to improve child skills.
and characterizes the bacteria that cause TB without taking several weeks for bacterial cultures. Laboratory diagnosis of TB using conventional approaches is a long drawn-out process
Plus relying on laboratory culture means using techniques that date back to the 1880s. Metagenomics using the latest high-throughput sequencing technologies
The National Science Foundation the American Heart Association the National Heart Lung & Blood Institute and the National Eye Institute provided financial support for the work.
#Fake platelets could keep you from bleeding to death Emory University Georgia Institute of technology rightoriginal Studyposted by John Toon-Georgia Tech on September 9 2014a new class of synthetic platelet
or by medics in the military we expect this technology could reduce the number of deaths from excessive bleeding##says Ashley Brown a research scientist at the Georgia Institute of Technologyâ
and then go specifically to the site of a serious injury they could help decrease the number of deaths associated with serious injuries.##
The National institutes of health the US Department of defense and the American Heart Association funded the research. Source: Georgia Techyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license C
#Your home s microbiome moves with you In addition to their families and pets people live with millions and millions of bacteria.
The Home Microbiome Project followed seven families which included eighteen people three dogs and one cat over the course of six weeks.
when three of the families moved it took less than a day for the new house to look just like the old one microbially speaking.
Given an unidentified sample from a floor in this study he says we could easily predict which family it came from.
and older adults under research grants from the National Institute on Drug abuse. Marijuana has remained the most widely used illicit drug over the 34 years that MTF has tracked substance use by college students
The age peers of college students that is young adults who are also one to four years out of high school
Due to socioeconomic and gender inequities women in some countries and cultures are not always in a position to negotiate regular condom use so a drug-dispersing suppository can protect against transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections during heterosexual intercourse
or may not be known to the woman. As part of the research Zaveri who earned her doctorate in biomedical engineering at the University of Florida conducted extensive sensory-perception testing to assess acceptability of the suppositories among women.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins and the National Institute on Alcohol abuse and Alcoholism participated in the study.
Johns hopkins university School of medicine s Transplant Biology Research center and a gift from the family of Francesc Gines supported the research.
As many as 70 percent of urinary tract infections in these patients may be preventable using infection control measures such as removing no longer needed catheters resulting in up to 380000 fewer infections and 9000 fewer deaths each year.##
##Fewer catheters means fewer infections fewer days in the hospital and even fewer deaths. Not to mention the dollars saved by the health system in general.##
Researchers are developing a new system that scans a child sâ#fingerprints to track when vaccinations are due
Once the electronic registry is in place health care workers simply re-scan the child s fingers to view the vaccination schedule.
##Armed with the knowledge of what occurs in the digestive systems of preemies in a controlled environment the researchers next aim to discern what happens in the systems of preemies who don t fare as well particularly those suffering from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). NEC is a devastating disorder in premature infants that causes tissue death in the lining
In a healthy older child s gut Gammaproteobacteria typically are less than 1 percent of the bacteria.
##The National institutes of health the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Foundation for the National institutes of health funded the research.
and the American Diabetes Association supported the research
#See into living brain with lasers and nanotubes By injecting carbon nanotubes into the bloodstream, scientists can use near-infrared lasers to see blood flow in a living animal brain.
surgical removal of the ridge or ring below the aortic valve is one option for improving the child health.
The researchers also conducted a pedigree analysis in a family of 45 Newfoundland dogs to examine the inheritance pattern of the SAS mutation.
The labels work because an array of tiny pillars on the top of a surface effectively hides images written on the material beneath Shyu compares the texture of the pillars to a submicroscopic toothbrush.
when the pillars trap moisture. ou can verify that you have the real product with just a breath of air,
because the pillars were made from materials that preferred adhering to the mold rather than whatever surface they were supposed to cover.
This allowed the pillars to release easily. They are also strong enough to withstand rubbing,
These factors can make microbicides difficult for a woman to use before sex, researchers says. he effectiveness of an anti-HIV topical drug depends partially on high-enough dosages and quick release,
similar to those used for contraception. The material can accommodate different anti-HIV drugs and the team is testing several others for effectiveness.
says child psychiatrist Joan L. Luby, who directs Washington University Early Emotional Development Program. ut the good news is that
In addition, researchers used two-way mirrors to evaluate child-caregiver interactions because the team earlier research had shown that a lack of parental nurturing is an important risk factor for recurrence of depression.
Even in depressed adults, available treatments and medications are effective only about half the time.
Fifth Edition (DSM-V). This manual contains the American Psychiatric Association most up-to-date official guidelines for diagnosing
Luby now is testing potential parent-child psychotherapies that appear promising for preschoolers with depression
#Cancer drug helps some women get pregnant A new fertility drug, originally developed to prevent the recurrence of breast cancer,
is 30 percent more effective in helping some women become pregnant than one used for more than 40 years, new research shows.
72 became pregnant and gave birth. Of the 374 women who took letrozole 103 gave birth. etrozole works better,
director of the division of reproductive endocrinology and infertility at University of Florida. lomid has been available for fertility treatment for more than 40 years,
Clomid is prescribed often to women with polycystic ovary syndrome as a first step in their treatmentnd that population accounts for about a third of women who seek fertility treatment
therefore have fewer opportunities to become pregnant. HOW THEY WORK Christman oversaw one of the trial sites as one of the principal investigators at the University of Michigan.
Because the drugs were administered in the same wayoth were given for a five-day period at the beginning of a woman cyclehe study was blinded double.
It works primarily in fat or adipose tissue throughout the body, causing estrogen levels in a woman bloodstream to fall.
but because of the increased risks of a multiple pregnancy it would be better and safer if people conceived one baby at a time,
The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development branch of the National institutes of health funded the study.
and other homey spots are found in 84 percent of households in the United states, according to a published, national survey.
which would keep it from tapping into resources from surrounding cells and cause its death.
When the scientists disrupted passage through that pore in cell cultures the parasite stopped growing
an estimated 207 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide, leading to 627,000 deaths, according to the World health organization.
Scientists named this family of proteins eat shockbecause they become active when cells are overheated or stressed.
The researchers disabled HSP101 in cell cultures, expecting to block the discharge of some malarial proteins.
#Loss of sleep after divorce can spike blood pressure Divorce-related sleep problems may be partly to blame for significant health problems,
including high blood pressure and even early death, research suggests. n the initial few months after a separation,
People who have persistent difficulties sleeping after a divorce may address the issue by seeking out cognitive behavioral therapy,
and is now pursuing her doctorate in clinical psychology at the University of Florida. f somebody is going through a divorce and unable to sleep,
whether it a divorce or something else, and this shows how important it is for all of to value sleep
and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development funded the study C
#How a missile detector can stop malaria in its tracks Scientists have found a new use for an antitank Javelin missile detector:
Lead researcher Bayden Wood, an associate professor at Monash University, says to reduce mortality and prevent the overuse of antimalarial drugs,
The ABMRF/The Foundation for Alcohol Research, the National Institute on Alcohol abuse and Alcoholism, and the Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research at the University of Texas at Austin provided funding for the study.
A recent study found a 24 percent overall decline in first time strokes in each of the last two decades and a 20 percent overall drop per decade in deaths after stroke.
the drop in stroke-related deaths was primarily found among those under age 65, with mortality rates holding firm in older people. e can congratulate ourselves that we are doing well,
but stroke is still the No. 4 cause of death in the United states, says coauthor Josef Coresh,
For the study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study,
The research team looked for all stroke hospitalizations and deaths from then to the end of 2011.
and by the end of the study in 2011.800,000 STROKES A YEAR Each decade, the number of deaths occurring within 10 years of a stroke was reduced by roughly eight deaths per 100 cases.
Decreases in stroke incidence and mortality are partly due to more successful control of risk factors such as blood pressure or smoking and to the wide use of statin medications to control cholesterol.
and reduce deaths in those over 65. Nearly 800,000 Americans suffer strokes each year; of those, about 600,000 are first time strokes.
PAY ATTENTION TO SUBGROUPS troke is not only one of the main causes of death, but a leading cause of long-term disability in adults.
Therefore, prevention is the best strategy, says study leader Silvia Koton, a visiting faculty member at the Bloomberg School and incoming nursing chair at Tel aviv University.
The number of US death certificates listing stroke as the underlying cause of death has decreased for a long time.
#Depression can be deadly for older Americans Older adults in the US who suffer from major depression face a 43 percent increased risk of death, especially from cardiovascular disease or cancer, according to a new study. here a major link
between major depression and mortality. Taking all these other health behaviors out of it, you can continue to find this unique relationship between depression
and mortality, says Jarron M. Saint Onge. here something that leading to early death. And that taking out smoking, taking out exercise, all these behavioral factors that would explain it.
Saint Onge a University of Kansas assistant professor of sociology and the study lead author, says the study findings are significant
and mortality is not due solely to people smoking or exhibiting unhealthy behaviors or experiencing chronic conditions that contribute to a higher risk of mortality.
OMETHING UNIQUE ABOUT DEPRESSIONWHEN the researchers adjusted for factors such as marital status, education, employment status, family income, alcohol consumption, level of physical activity, smoking status, body mass, functional limitations,
and chronic conditions, they still found an independent association among major depression and increased risk of non-suicide mortality among the age group.
This includes findings that major depression was associated with 2. 68 times the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality among those who did not have cardiovascular disease at the baseline.
The study appears in the Journals of Gerontology. hat wee finding here is it important to be vigilant to find depression among people older than 50 because of a host of reasons,
but it also important because it stands as an independent risk factor in mortality. There might be something unique about depression,
that there something about depression that might lead to an increased risk of mortality. He says related research has suggested major depression may have a physiological effect on blood pressure or arterial tightening that can cause cardiovascular disease. t physiologically important
but it also socially important to think of depression as a risk factor for death as well,
For the mortality data, researchers examined the 1999 National Health Interview Study linked to the 2006 National Death Index,
which included a sample size of 11,369 adults respondents ages 50 and older, of whom 2,
162 have died from non-suicide or accident related deaths. To measure major depression, they used data derived from the World health organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short-Form,
white men older than 65 represent a group with one of the highest suicide rates.
and coming up with better coping mechanisms to help adults deal with depression in a healthy way would be key. e are always thinking of 20-year-olds with depression
because there are highly publicized suicide rates among 20-year-olds, Saint Onge says. ut increasing rates of depression among the elderly pose continued health risks, beyond suicide.
He says people who suffer from major depression often turn to unhealthy habitsike smoking or binge drinkingn addition to social withdrawal
and that you continue to see that risk of mortality goes down once you start accounting for some of these health behaviors,
The National Institute on Aging and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development-funded University of Colorado Population Center supported the research project d
000 deaths each year. The study appears online in Cell Host & Microbe. University of Queensland Professor Mark Walker, in collaboration with Emory University and University of California, San diego, are working on additional preclinical testing of the modified vaccine.
which are essential for the cell natural death. In addition, consistent with past studies, AAV2-infected cancer cells produced more Ki-67, an immunity system activating protein and c-Myc,
areas of cell death were visible and all AAV2 treated mice survived through the study,
but it has proven challenging to culture in the lab. Researchers used the device, called Slipchip,
They then grew a pure culture of this single organism in the lab. An early guess is that this particular microbe may be linked to obesity and fatty liver disease
the substances from this fluid were used to recreate this environment within the tiny Slipchip compartment key to successfully growing the difficult organism in the lab. After growing a pure culture of the previously unidentified bacterium,
and the Wiegers Family Fund A
#Living near pesticides in pregnancy ups autism risk University of California Davis rightoriginal Studyposted by Phyllis Brown-UC Davis on June 23 2014pregnant women living
in close proximity to chemical pesticide application had a two-thirds higher risk of having a child with autism spectrum disorder or other developmental delay according to a new study.
The associations were stronger when the exposures occurred during the second and third trimesters of the women s pregnancies.
The large multisite California-based study examined associations between specific classes of pesticides including organophosphates pyrethroids
and carbamates applied during the study participants pregnancies and later diagnoses of autism and developmental delay in their offspring.
It appears online in Environmental Health Perspectives.####This study validates the results of earlier research that has reported associations between having a child with autism
and prenatal exposure to agricultural chemicals in California##says lead study author Janie F. Shelton a University of California Davis graduate student who now consults with the United nations.##
##While we still must investigate whether certain subgroups are more vulnerable to exposures to these compounds than others the message is very clear:
women who are pregnant should take special care to avoid contact with agricultural chemicals whenever possible.##
The study includes families with children between two and five diagnosed with autism or developmental delay or with typical development.
For the study researchers used questionnaires to obtain study participants residential addresses during the preconception and pregnancy periods.
##We mapped where our study participants lived during pregnancy and around the time of birth.
and professor and vice chair of the department of public health sciences at UC Davis.##What we saw were several classes of pesticides more commonly applied near residences of mothers
Some associations were greater among mothers living closer to application sites and lower as residential proximity to the application sites decreased the researchers found.
Organophosphates applied over the course of pregnancy were associated with an elevated risk of autism spectrum disorder particularly for chlorpyrifos applications in the second trimester.
Carbamates applied during pregnancy were associated with developmental delay. Exposures to insecticides for those living near agricultural areas may be problematic especially during gestation
because the developing fetal brain may be more vulnerable than it is in adults. Because these pesticides are neurotoxic in utero exposures during early development may distort the complex processes of structural development
##Research from the CHARGE Study has emphasized the importance of maternal nutrition during pregnancy particularly the use of prenatal vitamins to reduce the risk of having a child with autism.
##If it were my family I wouldn t want to live close to where heavy pesticides are being applied.##
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