namely the aforementioned Borg, The Matrix, Minority report, Lawnmower Man, Brainstorm (and the list goes on.
"THC acts through a family of cell receptors called cannabinoid receptors. Our previous research revealed
it usually causes death,"one of the team, surgical oncologist David Linehan from the University of Rochester Medical centre in the US told Elaine Schattner at Forbes. The key to the new blood test is a tiny,
70-metre stretch of road covered in solar cells generated enough electricity to power an household for a year.
with faster and tougher data mechanisms theoretically delivering benefits for everything from 3d gaming through to better and potentially cheaper solid state drives and personal storage devices.
Chair in Surgery and director of the Pfleger Liver Institute and Dumont-UCLA Transplant and Liver Cancer Centers presented the study during the annual meeting of the Southern Surgical Association.
Liver cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related death.
The work will be presented on Jan 29 2015 at the Association for the Advancement of Artificial intelligence Conference in Austin Texas. The researchers achieved this milestone by combining approaches from three distinct research areas:
and fears among those affected and their families says lead investigator Uzma Samadani MD Phd assistant professor in the Departments of Neurosurgery Psychiatry Neuroscience and Physiology at NYU Langone.
#Genetic discovery about childhood blindness paves way for new treatments Finding genes for retinal degenerations has immediate benefits for people living with blindness and vision loss, their families,
Together, the team identified mutations in the PNPLA6 gene in families with retinal degeneration. This is the 20th gene associated with LCA and the first associated with OMS.
By the end of 2014 nearly 8000 deaths from Ebola had been reported in the three countries.
and young adults, aged 1-29 years. Before the introduction of Menafrivac, people living in countries of the meningitis belt,
which sudden onset of symptoms could rapidly lead to death or permanent disability. One of the most devastating outbreaks ever recorded was in 1996-1997
"Prequalification of the Menafrivac vaccine for infants clears the way for the routine immunization of every child before his
Frank Graf Section Head of the test laboratory of the German Technical and Scientific Association of Gas and Water (DVGW) at KIT adds:
and monitoring growth of tissue cultures, and networks for 3d electronic systems that can bend and shape themselves to the organs of the human body.
and suicide but the molecule's role in the developing brain was mostly unknown until now.
and sending them home to their families, where they belong, "Simmons said d
#New cells may help treat diabetes In the new study published Jan 28 in the journal PLOS ONE the UI team led by Nicholas Zavazava MD Phd UI professor of internal medicine reprogrammed human skin cells
At the Association for Computing Machinery's Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming in February researchers from MIT's Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory will describe a new way of implementing priority queues that lets them keep pace with the addition of new cores.
The percentage of infections caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus that have proven resistant to treatment has risen steadily from just over 2 percent in 1975 and 29 percent in 1991 to more than 55 percent today--resulting in more than 11000 deaths in the U s. each year a higher death
Conversely these findings may help researchers understand disease associations with obesity and develop new strategies to optimize care e
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) or limbic epilepsy is a common adult epileptic disorder characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures that may also spread to other brain regions triggering secondary severe generalized seizures.
The incidence of epilepsy is higher in young children and older adults. Although the cause of epilepsy is unknown there are some types of epilepsy associated with previous brain injury.
This in turn leads to impairments in quality of life and an increased risk for death as observed in patients who have frequent seizures failing to respond to treatment.
and permutations you might need to reconstruct an airway in a child. When speaking about his work with 3d printing and this research Mr. Goldstein notes It's completely changed the trajectory of my academic career.
Knowing that I can make a part that will save someone's child--that's life-changing said Mr. Goldstein.
Do you remember the Six Million Dollar Man? asks Dr. Grande. The Bionic man is not the future it's the present.
and their families living in poverty in Peru and Tanzania. Whilst visiting Kiya Survivor's physiotherapy centre in Peru I realised that
and if an aneurysm in the aorta bursts, it can lead to death in a matter of minutes."
"Our new model more accurately classifies a woman's breast cancer risk after a benign biopsy than the BCRAT,
researchers determined the age-specific incidence of breast cancer and death, and combined these estimates with a relative risk model derived from 377 patients who later developed breast cancer
resulting in seizures, coma, and death. Currently there is a lack of safe treatment options for cerebral malaria, particularly for use in children,
and turns out to be a major bad actor in promoting neurological symptoms and death. Remarkably, Mejia, Treviño-Villarreal and colleagues showed that reducing leptin using a variety of means,
Of the genetic associations found the largest effect was seen for the Putamen a subcortical region located at the base of the forebrain
and their causes could result in 10 million extra deaths a year by 2050 at a cost of $100 trillion to the global economy.
and people are raising red flags about antibiotic resistance all the time Smith said. Microbes are pretty promiscuous with their genetic information
thereby shortening waiting times and reducing patient mortality. Currently, 20 to 40 percent of donor livers cannot be transplanted into recipients
which uses tissue cooling to slow down metabolism with the aim of reducing the demand for oxygen and thus protecting cells from death,
The study provides the first research-based evaluation of the association between the ACA's two-year Medicaid fee bump--for
Sepsis is a leading cause of death in the intensive care unit. Sepsis is a very challenging problem so the possibility that we might be able to repurpose a drug that is in use and well understood is very exciting Dr. Billiar said.
and also play a key role in cellular growth signaling and death. Telomere shortening is also a measure of advanced cellular aging.
Tyrka and fellow researchers recruited 299 healthy adults from the community for the study. Participants completed diagnostic interviews to assess psychiatric disorder diagnosis
and Cultural organization (ISESCO) for Science and Technology 2014 award which was held in Rabat Morocco in December.
#Insights into a rare genetic disease Recently a grassroots effort initiated by families and clinicians led to the discovery of a human genetic disorder with severe consequences that is linked to a mutation in the human NGLY1 gene.
and motion in intact tissues 3d cell cultures and engineered tissue constructs as well as imaging 3d dynamics in microfluidics
#Gene tied to profound vision loss discovered by scientists An exhaustive hereditary analysis of a large Louisiana family with vision issues has uncovered a new gene tied to an incurable eye disorder called retinitis pigmentosa,
It is a family of eye diseases that affects more than 200,000 in the United states and millions worldwide The retina converts images into electrical signals that can be processed by the brain.
because it helps affected families cope with the disorder, helps explain the biologic basis of these diseases
"For approximately three decades, Daiger, a member of the Human genetics Center at the UTHEALTH School of Public health, has been following the progress of hundreds of families across the country with retinitis pigmentosa."
"We've found the cause of disease in 80 percent of the families we have studied,
"Equipped with the genetic profiles of family members, Daiger's team has identified differences in the genetic makeup of those with the disease.
The researchers also use family histories and DNA tests to glean information about the condition's hereditary nature.
This means that only one parent needs the mutation in order to pass the disease to a child.
What we found is a mutation present in families from Louisiana, Canada and Sicily. Our evidence suggests the mutation arose in a common ancestor who lived centuries ago,
#Ancient'genomic parasites'spurred evolution of pregnancy in mammals An international team of scientists has identified large-scale genetic changes that marked the evolution of pregnancy in mammals.
"Most remarkably, we found the genetic changes that likely underlie the evolution of pregnancy are linked to domesticated transposable elements that invaded the genome in early mammals.
So I guess we owe the evolution of pregnancy to what are effectively genomic parasites."
"To study genetic changes during the evolution of pregnancy in mammals, Lynch and his colleagues used high-throughput sequencing to catalog genes expressed in the uterus of several types of living animals--placental mammals (a human, monkey, mouse, dog, cow, pig, horse and armadillo
As prolonged pregnancy evolved in placental mammals, hundreds of genes began to be expressed that greatly strengthened
which are essential for pregnancy, evolved to be expressed in the uterus in early mammals, "Lynch said."
But during the evolution of pregnancy, these genes were recruited to be expressed in the uterus for new purposes.
allowing old genes to be expressed in a new location, the uterus, during pregnancy. Mammals very likely have a progesterone-responsive uterus because of these transposons."
which helped drive the evolution of pregnancy.""It's easy to imagine how evolution can modify an existing thing,
but how new things like pregnancy evolve has been much harder to understand, "Lynch said.""We now have a new mechanistic explanation of this process that we've never had before
Unlike inbred lab mice people have broadly divergent genetic heritages said Davis who is also the Burt and Marion Avery Family Professor.
reversible contraceptives to avoid unintended pregnancies and to help space out the births of their children.
One of the most convenient and effective options--a tiny implant that can delay conception for three to five years--is inserted into a woman's arm
and can later be removed at any time to restore fertility. In developing nations, however, these simple procedures often must be done by frontline providers who have minimal training.
Sometimes, the cylindrical toothpick-shaped implant may be inserted inadvertently into the woman's fat tissue instead of just under the outer skin layer.
This causes the contraceptive to become ineffective and makes removal of the implant far more difficult.
the student inventors were advised by physician Ricky Lu, technical director for reproductive health and family planning at Jhpiego,
a nonprofit Johns hopkins university affiliate that focuses on global health issues involving women and families.""The student inventors came up with a novel and exciting idea of using replaceable training pods,
They say their invention aligns with voluntary contraception programs supported by philanthropic global health organizations such the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
#Two new groups of viruses discovered Two new groups of viruses have been discovered within the Bunyavirus family in the tropical forest of Ivory coast.
Researchers at the University of Bonn and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) have discovered two new groups of viruses within the Bunyavirus family in the tropical forest of Ivory coast.
The bunyavirus family includes five different groups of viruses which trigger serious illnesses in humans and animals and
The first viruses of this family were discovered in a place known as Bunyamwera in Uganda, from
also a part of the Bunyavirus family and transmitted by gnats, it caused severe fetal malformations in ruminant animals including sheep in the German Sauerland region.
They performed infection trials in a large number of cell cultures at different temperature levels. While pathogenic bunyaviruses can multiply at temperatures that include the human body temperature,
"In addition, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of host associations of the entire family of viruses,
in association with Montpellier Regional University Hospital and Stanford university, have transformed bacteria into"secret agents"that can give warning of a disease based solely on the presence of characteristic molecules in the urine or blood.
in association with Professor Eric Renard (Montpellier Regional University Hospital) and Drew Endy (Stanford university), applied this new technology to the detection of disease signals in clinical samples.
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) E
#Scientists discover a protein that silences the biological clock The ticking of the biological clock drives fluctuations in gene activity
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in both men and women in the United states. However,
a peer-reviewed journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Key collaborators in the study,
antibodies against certain viruses were common among adults but not in children, suggesting that children had not yet been exposed to those viruses. Individuals residing South africa, Peru,
and almost immediately identifying dangerous bacteria at the bedside--much faster than the days it normally takes to grow or"culture"the microbes in the laboratory from a patient's blood,
Sepsis, for instance, can develop so rapidly that mortality has been seen to increase by 9 percent per hour until treatment is given.
"Borgeson said that a family of lipids, known as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMS), are the body's natural shut off mechanism for inflammation."
Katsikis and Prakash built arrays of tiny iron bars on glass slides that look something like a Pac-Man maze.
Pregnant women are advised also to avoid cat faeces due to the risk of infection. Dr Grainger, a Wellcome Trust and Royal Society Fellow, explains
Ten years later the patient received counselling after expressing a desire to become pregnant. In order to restore her fertility,
doctors led by Dr Isabelle Demeestere, a gynaecologist and research associate in the Fertility Clinic and Research Laboratory on Human Reproduction at Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (Brussels,
Belgium), stopped the hormone replacement therapy, thawed some, but not all of the frozen ovarian tissue and grafted four fragments on to the remaining left ovary,
More than two years after the transplantation she became pregnant naturally with a new partner at the age of 27
freezing ovarian tissue is the only available option for preserving their fertility.""However, the success of this procedure requires further investigation in very young, prepubertal girls,
rather than to restore fertility, when hormone replacement therapy is an efficient, standard, and noninvasive alternative for inducing puberty?
that cryopreserved ovarian tissue should be used only for fertility restoration in patients at high risk of ovarian failure,
and not for puberty induction or for restoring menstrual cycles in adults.""The patient's ovary continues to function normally
We have another patient who became pregnant after ovarian transplantation, and she had born two babies after two graft procedures,
According to their paper, their 3-D organ outperforms existing 2-D cultures and can produce activated B cells up to 100 times faster.
although in one recently published case a woman was cured of a genetic disorder when the gene responsible was lost due to chromothripsis.
resulting in cell death. Up to now, nobody understood how aggregates of this single protein could induce different pathologies,
fatigue and in many cases can result in a reduction of quality of life, time off work, hospitalisations and surgery.
and these patients also reported better quality of life. The authors conclude:""This is the first reporting of effects of Vitamin d supplementation on intestinal permeability
and is responsible for more than 500,000 deaths around the world each year. It attacks the epithelial cells that coat the intestine and damages them."
'said Simon Gayther, Ph d.,professor in preventive medicine, Keck School of medicine of USC, corresponding author of the international genome-wide association study (GWAS).'
'The association analysis was based on 1, 644 women diagnosed with MOC and more than 21,000 women without ovarian cancer.
which was made possible by pooling data contributed by investigators from over 40 international studies of ovarian cancer within the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium,
The research was conducted by Kevin Turner, the Gabel Family Term Associate professor in the School of engineering and Applied science's Department of Mechanical engineering and Applied Mechanics,
and forming connections between them in vitro, in a single culture vessel, for the first time.""We have developed a human pluripotent stem cell (hpsc)- based system for producing connections between neurons from two brain regions,
#Vitamin d status related to immune response to HIV-1 Arraythe researchers looked at two ethnic groups in Cape town, South africa,
and one of the world's highest rates of HIV-1 infection, peaking in young adults,
The groups were matched for age and smoking. The Xhosa, whose ancestors came from a place with more ultraviolet B radiation,
#Violence by teachers almost halved in primary schools An innovative program of activities used in Ugandan primary schools has succeeded in reducing violence by teachers against children by 42 percent, according to new research.
An innovative programme of activities used in Ugandan primary schools has succeeded in reducing violence by teachers against children by 42,
The study is published on 16 june, the Day of the African Child. The Good School Toolkit is a behavioural intervention designed by Ugandan NGO Raising Voices,
which aims to foster change in operational culture at the school level. Its materials include t-shirts
They found that the Toolkit produced a large reduction in physical violence from school staff--42%--as reported by primary school students.
That said, levels of school violence remain high. We need to do more.""Given the prevalence of violence observed in the East African region,
the Toolkit or similar programmes may have a major effect on the burden of child maltreatment in countries where violence from school staff is common.
Further analyses are underway to explore the effect of the intervention on other forms of violence,
including violence from peers. A process evaluation, a qualitative study and an economic evaluation are also underway,
with results expected in 2015.""In East Africa, in-school violence is more prevalent than violence by parents.
Exposure to physical violence in childhood is associated with, among other negative effects, increased risk of depression and suicide, poor educational results and increased risk of partner violence later on.
In previous research carried out by the team in one Ugandan district, more than 90%of 11 to 14-year-olds reported receiving physical violence from school staff including caning, with 8%reporting extremely severe acts such as choking,
burning, stabbing and being beaten severely up. Despite the health burden associated with violence against children
few programmes exist to tackle in-school violence and even fewer have been evaluated rigorously. The Good Schools study is therefore one of the first of its kind.
Despite large reductions seen in the study, levels of physical violence in the intervention schools remained high, with 30%and 60%of students reporting violence in the past week and past term respectively.
Further research is needed to examine: if the Toolkit can further reduce levels of violence if implemented over longer time periods;
whether the effects of the Toolkit are sustainable without ongoing support from Raising Voices; what effect the intervention would have at scale,
and if it has any effects on violence occurring outside of schools. The research was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC), UKAID through the Department for International Development (Dfid), the Wellcome Trust via the Joint Global Health Trials Scheme,
as with violence research in general, the study findings are based on violence that was reported rather than observed.
While school staff (unlike students) might be expected to emphasise an improvement, their reports show very similar effect sizes
Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in Canada. It is estimated that in 2015 that 25,100 Canadians will be diagnosed with colon cancer representing 13 percent of all new cancer cases.
"risk of a hepatitis E outbreak that could be especially deadly to pregnant women, according to a consensus statement from a group of infectious disease experts from around the world.
The researchers say that 500 pregnant women could die from the virus in the coming months
Yet pregnant women have a mortality rate of 25 percent when infected by the virus. There is a safe and effective vaccine available,
because there is a need for additional safety and efficacy data, particularly in pregnant women. They have said also,
The researchers estimate more than 400 pregnant women could be saved if the vaccine were used in Nepal during monsoon season,
The group recommends that Nepalese health authorities actively work to identify cases of the disease where pregnant women are being treated;
but we are now seeing that it is likely a major cause of maternal deaths in countries where it is common,
"We are compelled to advocate for measures that reduce the risk of preventable mortality
#Researchers develop pioneering new method to map enzyme activity Researchers from Cardiff University have pioneered a new technique that will enable scientists to precisely pinpoint the areas on an enzyme that help to speed up chemical reactions.
and causes 1. 7 million annual deaths. This is largely attributed to the bacteria's ability to stay dormant in the human body
said one of the paper's first authors Si Ming Man, Ph d.,a postdoctoral fellow in Kanneganti's laboratory.
'Man said.''This was how we became interested in AIM2 and colorectal cancer.''In their experiments with mice, the scientists used chemicals to trigger the process mimicking the development of colorectal cancer.
'Man said.''However, our work is the first to identify AIM2's role in controlling proliferation of intestinal stem cells.
'Man said.''We believe that this finding has important clinical relevance because we can potentially prevent
The lack of uptake in the non-dividing adult brain tissue pointed to the fact that 5fc can be a stable modification:
Paul Ching-Wu Chu, T. L. L. Temple Chair of Science and founding director of Tcsuh;
Esophageal and gastric malignancies account for 15 per cent of cancer-related deaths globally. Both cancers are diagnosed usually in the advanced stages
but it's a new approach for catalysis. The marriage of these two fields is very powerful.'
Huntington's disease is based a genetically, severe neurodegenerative disorder that results in progressive motor, cognitive and psychiatric impairment and, ultimately, death.
and quality of life for people blinded by retinitis pigmentosa. They are being published online in Ophthalmology, the journal of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
80 percent received benefit from the system when considering both functional vision and patient-reported quality of life,
and--possibly--prevent pregnancy.""We don't know enough yet about the protein-protein interactions here to be able to come up with a defined male contraceptive strategy
a home fertility test for men that can be found in stores nationwide e
#Biomanufacturing of Cds quantum dots A team of Lehigh University engineers have demonstrated a bacterial method for the low-cost, environmentally friendly synthesis of aqueous soluble quantum dot (QD) nanocrystals at room temperature.
"We estimate yields on the order of grams per liter from batch cultures under optimized conditions,
The team at Strathclyde is based within the Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies (ROLEST)
and 99,000 deaths in acute care hospitals in the U s. and add $35-45 billion in excess health care costs each year.
This technology has led to the identification for the first time of pathological mutations in the RNASEH1 gene in six subjects from three unrelated families.
#Fundamental beliefs about atherosclerosis overturned"The leading cause of death worldwide is complications of atherosclerosis,
and their descendants even if they changed their stripes.""This allowed us to mark smooth muscle cells when we were confident that they were actually smooth muscle cells,
Moreover, her studies are the first to indicate that therapies targeted at controlling the properties of smooth muscle cells within lesions may be highly effective in treating a disease that is the leading cause of death worldwide.
allowing users--family physicians, for example--to run the test. The Biointerfaces Institute has developed a series of paper-based screening technologies
"Clemmons found a study from Finland published in 2005 showing that elevated glycated protein levels were associated strongly with advanced heart disease and increased mortality in women but not in men."
but with limited toxicity, making them safe enough to be used by children and pregnant women.
and accounts for more than 500,000 deaths per year. Most deaths occur among children living in Africa where a child dies every minute of malaria and the disease accounts for approximately 20%of all childhood deaths.
Professor Patrick Maxwell, chair of the MRC's Molecular and Cellular Medicine Board, said:""Tackling malaria is a global challenge,
"Current statistics indicate that one in every two people will develop some kind of cancer during their life time, with approximately one woman dying of ovarian cancer every two hours in the UK according to Cancer Research UK
and two deaths every hour from bowel cancer.""It is clear that a new generation of drugs is necessary to save more lives
#New information on brain development, fertility discovered The protein CEP63 is crucial for the correct division of brain stem cells.
"There are diagnostic tests for some of these kinds of pathologies that can be performed during pregnancy,
or to continue with the pregnancy, being fully aware of the outcome, "explains the North american scientist Travis Stracker."
The scientists describe that this protein triggers the death of brain stem cells. This occurs because cells without CEP63 have delayed cell division,
leading them to enter programmed cell death through p53.""Cell death due to mutations in CEP63 is the main cause of the brain defects.
When we prevent cell death by removing p53 from developing embryos, the brain develops to its normal size,
"explains Jens Lüders, head of the Microtubule Organization Lab. This finding paves the way to study
Arraythe study also revealed that CEP63 is related to fertility in male mice. The researchers have discovered that this protein is involved in sperm production and,
because in many cases fertility problems are understood not widely and this study provides a different molecular perspective to examine,
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