Mathematically speaking a cup has the same topology as a doughnut. glass is topologically the same as an appleexplains Professor Klaus Ensslin who led the research detailed in two papers published in Physical Review Letters.
Changing the topology of an object can improve its usefulness for example by transforming a beaker into a cup with handle.
rather the physicists are researching an abstract topology of surfaces with which the energy state of electrons is described with electronic materials.
When the water level increases the three lakes join to form a large ocean. he topology has changed altogethervarlet concludes.
The topology of quantum states for example offers a way of decoupling them from their environment
The fibers serve as a pathway to allow electrons to travel to the electrodes on the sides of the solar cell. t s like you re generating a street
and somebody that s traveling along the street can find a way to go from this end to anotheryu explains.
or a brick) that contains about 99.9 percent air yet is incredibly strong and that can recover its original shape after being smashed by more than 50 percent. eramics have always been thought to be heavy
(i e. aluminum oxide) producing hollow-tube alumina structures with walls ranging in thickness from 5 to 60 nanometers and tubes from 450 to 1380 nanometers in diameter.
They found that the alumina structures with a wall thickness of 50 nanometers and a tube diameter of about 1 micron shattered when compressed.
However compressing lattices with a lower ratio of wall thickness to tube diameter#where the wall thickness was only 10 nanometers#produced a very different result. ou deform it
when you reduce these structures down to the point where individual walls are only 10 nanometers thick both the number of flaws
or so throughout a house (they would have to be set close to one another because high-frequency signals don t travel far).
The research could lead to a generation of light detectors that could see below the surface of walls
and radio waves can t always penetrate such as inside walls or bridges and below ground where there might be at least small temperature fluctuations.
For instance the device could be placed in an attic or inside a wall and sensors would be tuned to check for water leaks.
Similarly when used inside a bridge the sensors could detect any cracks forming or structural deficiencies.
In both cases the sensors would send a signal to the nearby powered receiver. A temperature change of only 0. 25 degrees Celsius creates enough energy to power the sensor node to read
This multi-species gene mashup was required to turn yeast into cellular factories that replicate two now separate processes:
The biggest market for legal opiates and their opioid derivatives is the United states where pharmaceutical factories use chemical processes to create the refined products that are used as painkilling pills.
and the remaining via synthetic chemical processes in factories. Smolke s team wanted all the steps to happen inside yeast cells within a single vat including using yeast to carry out chemical processes that poppies never evolved to perform such as refining opiates like thebaine into more valuable semisynthetic opioids
and are refined in factories. his will allow us to create a reliable supply of these essential medicines in a way that doesn t depend on years leading up to good
That goal is achievable based on my most recent resultshe researchers also plan to develop a water splitter than runs on electricity produced by solar energy. ydrogen is an ideal fuel for powering vehicles buildings
Demille and his colleagues built their own apparatus in a basement lab. It is an elaborate multilevel tangle of wires computers electrical components tabletop mirrors and a cryogenic refrigeration unit.
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation funded the project. Source: Michigan State Universityyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license r
#Clear material on windows harvests solar energy Michigan State university rightoriginal Studyposted by Tom Oswald-Michigan State on August 20 2014a new type of ransparent solar concentrator
can be used on windows or mobile devices to harvest solar energy without obscuring the view. Past efforts to create similar materials have been disappointing with inefficient energy production
The technology is featured in the journal Advanced Optical Materials. t opens a lot of area to deploy solar energy in a nonintrusive waylunt says. t can be used on tall buildings with lots of windows or any kind of mobile device that demands high aesthetic quality like a phone or e reader.
and track everything from the structural safety of bridges to the health of your heart.
others were told that the responses were controlled remotely, puppet-like, by a human observer in another room.
or ell me about an event, or something that you wish you could erase from your memory. ay better than talking to a person In addition,
wish you hadn told me that other people were in the other room listening in. It was weird, like,
It doesn t have to be transported to a collection station to do the separationhe says. his will be especially effective offshore where the footprint of traditional methods that involve scrubbing towers
wee getting closer to understanding the low-level building blocks of this really limited cognitive ability. If this rhythm is
The ability to detect excitons in metals sheds light on how light is converted to electrical
or a home where the dry wall and siding store the electricity that runs the lights
which is comparable to steel says Pablo D. Zavattieri a Purdue University assistant professor of civil engineering. his is a material that is showing really amazing propertieshe says. t is abundant renewable and produced as waste in the paper industry. indings
and medical devices to structural components for the automotive civil and aerospace industries. he cellulose nanocrystals represent a potential green alternative to carbon nanotubes for reinforcing materials such as polymers and concrete.
Cellulose could come from a variety of biological sources including trees plants algae ocean-dwelling organisms called tunicates
So let s make a product out of it building on the existing infrastructure of the pulp
It consists of plastic for the housing a conductive coil and a magnet. The challenge is coming up with a design
Tunnel field effect transistors are considered to be a potential replacement for current CMOS transistors as device makers search for a way to continue shrinking the size of transistors and packing more transistors into a given area.
which allowed electrons to tunnel through the barrier when desired. To improve amplification the researchers moved all the contacts to the same plane at the top surface of the vertical transistor.
and validation in multiple labs outside our Own right now we re at maybe an 18-month window for this device to be out serving patients. he Bill
and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Wellcome Trust funded the project d
#Craters within crater hint at moonâ#diversity Brown University right Original Studyposted by Kevin Stacey-Brown on December 9 2013 Small craters on the moon that are within one of the largest
and virtual walls for low-surface tension liquids also have immense potential for many lab-on-a-chip devices
which are crucial to current and future research techniques. n the future oil-repellent virtual walls may be used to control the transport of oil without spillage Kwon says w
But NEIL also makes associations between these things to obtain common sense information that people just seem to know without ever saying##that cars often are found on roads that buildings tend to be vertical
what we are excited aboutsays Professor George Eleftheriades of the University of Toronto. t s very practical. icture a mailbox sitting on the street.
power than systems that used to occupy entire rooms. However some types of devices particularly those involved in creating
Shockwaves from the airburst broke windows rattled buildings and even knocked people from their feet.
and organize themselves to form pores that allow the passage of molecules of precise sizes.
Already utilized in devices such as street lighting and televisions LED TECHNOLOGY is becoming more popular as it becomes more versatile and brighter.
This feature could in principle allow people living in locations without ready access to a conventional power outlet to harvest energy from a nearby cell phone tower
instead. ur work demonstrates a simple and inexpensive approach to electromagnetic power harvestingsays Cummer. he beauty of the design is that the basic building blocks are self-contained and additive.
and other shelters where they avoid being eaten by predators in their Amazon basin habitat. In a lab the team filmed the fish at 100 frames per second to study how they used their fins to stay in one place in these tubes even
but has room to move around inside. Similar sulfur-polyaniline composites have previously been synthesized in a ore-shellstructure
However they have been catching up rapidly. he big challenge for this approach is assembling the materialssays Pint. onstructing high-performance functional devices out of nanoscale building blocks with any level of control has proven to be quite challenging
But within the next 48 hours those neurons rebounded back to their set-point rateâ##like a cold house heating up.
Seconds later a series of high-pitched chirps ricocheted off a nearby concrete wall an indication that the test worked.
While growers can use the sensors to monitor water in soils for their crops civil engineers can embed the chips in concrete to determine optimal moisture levels as the concrete cures. ne of our goals is to try
And even now bottled soda goes flat after a period of months. eer has a bigger problem
The finding of water in a large asteroid means the building blocks of habitable planets existedâ ##and maybe still existâ##in the GD 61 system and likely also around substantial number of similar parent starssays lead author Jay Farihi from the Institute of Astronomy at the University of Cambridge. hese water-rich building blocks
and the terrestrial planets they build may in fact be commonâ##a system cannot create things as big as asteroids
As the atmosphere of the Earth blocks the ultraviolet light such study can only be carried out from space.
when a biologist or chemist makes a certain type of molecular network the engineering process is complex cumbersome and hard to repurpose for building other systems.
and produce electricity that is captured by the battery s positive electrode. e call it fishing for electronssays Craig Criddle a professor in the department of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford university.
The nanoscale building blocks display remarkable strength and resistance to failure despite being more than 85 percent air.
Julia R. Greer professor of materials science and mechanics at the California Institute of technology (Caltech) says the work was inspired by earlier work to fabricate extremely lightweight microtrusses. e designed architectures with building blocks that are less than five microns
The lattice is constructed of hollow struts with walls no thicker than 75 nanometers. e are now able to design exactly the structure that we want to replicate
because it has very thin walls she says e can effectively trick this law by reducing the thickness
#Clay supercapacitors built to handle extreme heat Researchers have used cheap and abundant clay as a key ingredient in a supercapacitor that can operate at very high temperatures.
lead author and a former research scientist at Rice Unversity who is now an assistant professor at Wayne State university in Detroit. e found that a clay-based membrane electrolyte is a game-changing breakthrough that overcomes one of the key limitations of high
Clay has high thermal stability, high sorption capacity, a large active surface area and high permeability, Reddy says,
After combining equal amounts of RTIL and naturally occurring Bentonite clay into a composite paste
and combined the RTIL/clay with a small amount of thermoplastic polyurethane to form a membrane sheet that can be cut into various shapes and sizes,
As expected the fish strongly avoided the dark compartment and most sought shelter very quickly from the heron attack.
and significantly slowing the fishes retreat to shelter during the simulated attack.##We hoped to see a correlation between the robotic Indian leaf fish test results
#The majority of control group fish avoided the robotic predator preferred the light compartment and sought shelter quickly after the heron attack.
The team sequenced a region of 300000 base pairs#the building blocks of DNA#in T. monococcum and identified four candidate genes.
The study is part of the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative a five-year effort funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to coordinate international efforts in fighting Ug99.
And building upon a conventional microscope, the new system costs only about $200 to implement. ne big advantage of this new approach is the hardware compatibility,
The study was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and by the Welch Foundation B
After the river dries up, the finer materialuch as smaller grains of clay, silt, and sandround the river erodes away, leaving behind the coarser stuff.
Scientists reason that this is likely due to younger otters tending to spend more time in the holt (an otter den.
a science fiction idea of a space elevator that could connect an orbiting satellite to Earth by a long cord that might consist of sheets of CVD graphene,
It is surprising to have large potentially complex fossils that far back says Christopher H. House professor of geosciences at Penn State
#For better concrete, do did as Romans University of California Berkeley rightoriginal Studyposted by Sarah Yang-Berkeley on June 5 2013uc BERKELEY (US)# Ancient Roman structures that have withstood the elements for more than 2000 years
The discovery could help improve the durability of modern concrete which within 50 years often shows signs of degradation particularly in ocean environments.
The manufacturing of Roman concrete also leaves a smaller carbon footprint than does its modern counterpart.
The process for creating Portland cement a key ingredient in modern concrete requires fossil fuels to burn calcium carbonate (limestone) and clays at about 1450 degrees Celsius (2642 degrees Fahrenheit.
The production of lime for Roman concrete is much cleaner requiring temperatures that are two-thirds of that required for making Portland cement.#
#Roman concrete has remained coherent and well-consolidated for 2000 years in aggressive maritime environments#says Marie Jackson a research engineer in civil and environmental engineering at University of California Berkeley.#
and colleagues characterized samples of Roman concrete taken from a breakwater in Pozzuoli Bay near Naples Italy.#
Of particular interest to researchers is how Roman#s underwater concrete endured the unforgiving saltwater environment.
The recipe for Roman concrete was described around 30 BC by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio an engineer for Octavian who became Emperor Augustus. The not-so-secret ingredient is volcanic ash
which Romans combined with lime to form mortar. They packed this mortar and rock chunks into wooden molds immersed in seawater.
Rather than battle the marine elements Romans harnessed saltwater and made it an integral part of the concrete.
Also key was a very rare hydrothermal mineral called aluminum tobermorite (Al-tobermorite) that formed in the concrete.#
#Our study provided the first experimental determination of the mechanical properties of the mineral#Jackson says.
Use of Roman concrete decreased because#as the Roman empire declined and shipping declined the need for the seawater concrete declined#Jackson says.#
#Earth-friendly alternativewhile Roman concrete is durable it#s unlikely to replace modern concrete because it is not ideal for construction where faster hardening is needed.
But the researchers are now finding ways to apply their discoveries about Roman concrete to the development of more earth-friendly and durable modern concrete.
#There is not enough fly ash in this world to replace half of the Portland cement being used#says Paulo Monteiro professor of civil and environmental engineering.#
Bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) are small flat parasitic insects that feed solely on the blood of people
APS is interested also in owning solar roofs in its territory, but has acted rather controversially in the past
I had the chance to see Ember in action at Autodesk Pier 9 manufacturing space in San francisco. It a digital light processing machine,
Bastian likened Ember system to removing a suction cup from a window by sliding it across the surface instead of pulling directly up.
but my personal run-in with the printer at Pier 9 was welcome confirmation that Ember really exists,
Team Building With much of the interest in the Humancar focusing on the environmental and physical health advantages of the car,
"Moreover, while SQUID-based imaging systems require a large magnetically-shielded room to operate, an imaging system based on our sensors could probably be operating in a much smaller (person-sized) shielded enclosure.
Currently, produce warehouses use expensive technologies such as gas chromatography or mass spectroscopy to measure ethylene levels,
the membrane is attached to the side walls of the chamber that stretch and recoil using an attached vacuum controller.
By 1939, a otolactormilking parlor was showcased at the Borden pavilion at the New york World Fair,
"said Piers Sellers, deputy director of the Sciences and Exploration Directorate at NASA'S GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER.""In particular, the GEDI data will provide us with global-scale insights into how much carbon is being stored in the forest biomass.
The lasers will send brief pulses of light around 16 billion of them in a year that are optimized to pass through the canopy of even very dense forests without causing harm to animals or vegetation,
and this fingerprint provides enough extra information to allow calculations of the height of the trees and their canopies with an accuracy of around 3. 3 feet (1 meter).
From the comfort of your own La-z-boy the Oculus Rift could give you the best seats in the house#perhaps switching from seat-to-seat as the action moves.
Imagine a future version of Facebook where instead of posting photos of your lunch on your wall you have a Second life-like avatar
Each person would be sitting in their own living room but could interact as if they were hanging out at a reunion.
and soldiers could simulate battle without leaving their barracks. Perhaps psychologists could even use it to help patients resolve painful childhood memories.
I might have never left my room. If you've used the Oculus Rift development kits
while relaxing in your living room Want the exercise, but can't conjure up the energy to go to the gym?
is designed to provide a dynamic workout for your primary target zones from the comfort of your living room.
The scientists from the Technion Rappaport Faculty of medicine Rambam Medical center and the Center of Excellence in Exposure Science and Environmental Health (TCEEH) worked with cultured laboratory mouse cells that resemble the cells of arterial walls
#Self-tinting breathing window doubles as a transparent battery Scientists at the Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore have developed a smart window that is able to tint itself blue,
wee seen a number of"smart windows"pop up that act as high-tech shutters to shield incoming light during those hot sunny days.
The prototypes wee seen so farhether designed for use in buildings or public transport controllable with a light switch or wirelessly through a smartphoneenerally rely on an external power source to function,
Professor Sun Xiaowei and colleagues at NTU have developed a self-powered smart window that is bi-functional.
The window consists of two glass panes connected by electrical cables with an oxygen-carrying liquid electrolyte in between them.
and spontaneously turns blue, blocking up to 50 percent of light passing through the window. Conversely, when the circuit is closed the process is reversed
"The window charges up and turns blue when there is oxygen present in the electrolyten other words,
showing that their window can find use as a transparent, self-rechargeable electrochemical battery for low-power electronics.
"Maybe someone wants to appeal specifically to the customers leaving the shop across the street,
for example, be placed on windows and walls and on machines, devices and advertisement billboards. Until now, it has only been possible to pattern OPV panels into a form of stripes.
and that they could extend the treatment window for when a drug could be effective.
treatment windows for stroke patients. The tiny gelatin particles have a huge benefit: They can be administered nasally a noninvasive and direct route to the brain.
By lacing gelatin nanoparticles with OPN the researchers found that they could extend the treatment window in rats so much
The company has been marketing a ell phone spy softwaredevice sold for £99. 99 with the ability o monitor SMS text messages,
Maplin changed the description of the device to ell phone backup softwareand amended the answer to the customer question to make it clear that it should only be used with the permission of a phone owner.
#Millennials and the Potential Fall of American Cities Three seismic shifts, in housing, transportation and employment, deserve blame for the fall of the American city.
Even during America recent urban renaissance streetcars, apartment buildings and farmers markets, oh my! the centrifugal force in job growth has reversed not.
the data in housing is probably the strongest. The country is building more apartment buildings than at any time in decades,
which is believed to portend a long-term structural shift. Most large U s. cities have gained residents since the 1990s, reversing decades of population loss.
According to Pew findings from this summer, the nation is deadlocked virtually between preferring a community where he houses are larger and farther apart,
and one where he houses are smaller and closer to each other, but schools, stores and restaurants are within walking distance.
Whatever reat inversionmay be occurring in housing choices is emphatically not happening in employment geography.
Philadelphia lost 140,000 jobs between 1970 and 1980, many from shuttered factories. But standard office work followed executives out of the city, too.
living beneath clouds of factory smoke or in cramped quarters near bustling ports. But the transportation revolution
malls and semirural factories to create a donut of employment around the old city. Jobs followed people.
where factories become art galleries, warehouses become lofts, and storefronts that were once spaces of production (craftsmen,
tailors and so on) become places to consume food, beer and goods produced in factories far away. To take one indicative example:
The Homestead steel mill, across the river from Pittsburgh, is now a mall e
#How Scientists Can Turn off Pain Receptors In research published in the medical journal Brain, Saint louis University researcher Daniela Salvemini, Ph d. and colleagues within SLU,
These charging locations use Tesla Wall Connectors for charging. Tesla confirmed with The Motley Fool that there are about 350 locations in North america and more than 800 worldwide.
Most of these locations have two Wall Connectors, says Tesla spokeswoman Alexis Georgeson. Wall Connectors are popping up at hotels, casinos, ski resorts, restaurants, shopping centers, airports,
and even mobile phone stores. In the U s.,Wall Connectors are showing up at well-known names like Costco, Hyatt, Four Seasons, Ritz-Carlton, Best western, and Westin.
Tesla Destination Charging program has exploded out of nowhere with initial efforts in rolling out the program beginning early in second quarter 2014.
Wall Connectors give Tesla owners a charge rate of up to 58 miles per hour when paired with Dual Chargers,
Tesla owners without a second onboard charger can charge with a Wall Connector, too, but they shouldn expect to charge at a rate higher than 29 miles per hour.
or more long enough to get a meaningful charge from a Wall Connector. Like Tesla Supercharger network, these Wall Connectors are free for Tesla owners.
Compelling economics The economics for all parties involved are compelling. The cost of the Wall Connector is minimal;
the company sells the contraption on its website for $650. And the installation of a 240-volt circuit isn expensive probably no more than $3, 000 and as little as $500.
offering free Wall Connector charging is a low-cost way to provide greater customer convenience while also potentially serving as a marketing tool.
when not having Wall Connectors could become a slight disadvantage for hotels and restaurants. While Tesla investors shouldn count on such an optimistic scenario,
offering free Wall Connector charging is a low-cost way to provide greater customer convenience while also potentially serving as a marketing tool.
when not having Wall Connectors could become a slight disadvantage for hotels and restaurants. While Tesla investors shouldn count on such an optimistic scenario,
there will need to be more than two Wall Connectors at Destination Charging locations. Obviously, the more Tesla cars there are on the road
showcases the ease of building out the infrastructure needed to support convenient, fully electric driving.
hobbled, disoriented, fumbling around the house. They got confused in the bathtub and struggled up stairs that seemed to swim before them. h,
it hurts, said Noh Hyun-ho, sinking to the ground. thought I was going to die,
in the hall Dementia Experience Center, to perform hand massage in nursing homes. hat did I do with my phone?
and die on the street. In another striking move, South korea is also pushing to make diagnoses early,
It basically eating up the whole house. Dementia Epidemic South korea is at the forefront of a worldwide eruption of dementia
The Aging-Friendly hall, financed by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, encourages businesses to enter ilver industries,
and deposit them onto toilets or living room couches. College students visit the hall and don blue 3-D glasses for ementia Experiencevideo journeys following people disoriented on streets or seeking bathrooms.
Throughout South korea, Mrs. Lee leads ementia supportertraining, arguing against longtime practices of chastising or neglecting patients,
and advocating for preserving their skills and self-esteem. One tip: give demented relatives washing pan
These include rooftop garden loral therapy, art classes making realistic representations of everyday objects, music therapy with bongos sounding ike a heartbeat.
and circled his old neighborhood seeking his no longer-existent house. e used to be very scary to me,
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