explained senior investigator Paulo Fontes, M d.,UPMC transplant surgeon, associate professor, Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, Pitt School of medicine,
and easily moved around their pens just hours after they woke up from the surgery,
and kidneys explained senior investigator Timothy Billiar M d. professor and chair of surgery Pitt School of medicine.
#Scientists invent system to improve effectiveness of cancer surgery With the goal of making it easier for surgeons to detect malignant tissue during surgery
scientists have invented a new imaging system that causes tumors to ight upwhen a hand-held laser is directed at them. surgeon goal during cancer surgery is to remove the tumor,
Our goal is to provide better real-time information to guide the surgery. Published online ahead of print in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical engineering (TBME),
Mohs and co-authors report on their prototype system that combines a fluorescent dye that localizes in tumors with a real-time imaging system that allows the surgeon to simply view a screen to distinguish between normal tissue and the ightedmalignant tissue.
Current technology allows cancer surgeons to scan tumors prior to surgery with magnetic resonance imaging and other systems.
However, to scan the tumor during surgery involves moving the patient from the operating table and into the machinery hich prolongs the surgery. eing able to quickly scan a tumor during surgery to visualize tumor tissue from non-tumor tissue is an unmet clinical need,
said Mohs. athology techniques that examine tumor tissue during surgery can take up to 20 minutes
and they focus on the tissue removed during surgery, not the tissue that remains in the body.
In TBME, the authors noted that the ideal system would find tumor boundaries with high sensitivity,
have minimal impact on operative time and surgical technique, present findings in an intuitive manner and avoid the use of ionizing radiation or a specialized imaging environment, such as MRI machines.
A surgeon-controlled laser can be directed at any area of interest. In addition an imaging system with three cameras sits above the surgical field.
The images recorded by both systems are processed to display a composite image. Using this system,
a surgeon would scan the tumor prior to surgery to determine its boundaries. The tumor would then be removed surgically
Edward Levine, M d.,Surgical Sciences Oncology; Frank Marini, Ph d, . and Graca Almeida Porada, M d.,Ph d.,Institute for Regenerative medicine;
Kipnis also saluted the"phenomenal"surgical skills of Igor Smirnov, a research associate in the Kipnis lab whose work was critical to the imaging success of the study.
and surgery and spotlights the diverse and important scientific investigations underway at LIMR,"says George Prendergast, Phd, President and CEO of LIMR."
whose speed and precision make them useful for cataract and other eye surgeries. A femtosecond is one-quadrillionth,
fatigue and in many cases can result in a reduction of quality of life, time off work, hospitalisations and surgery.
The first study, published in the Annals of Surgery was carried out by an international team led by scientists at Imperial College London and clinicians at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust.
-or surgery-related serious adverse events. After three years, there were no device failures. Throughout the three years, 11 subjects experienced serious adverse events, most
"says Dr. Kim who is also Professor of Surgery at Case Western Reserve University School of medicine and the Charles Hubay Chair at UH Case Medical center."
The collaborators include colleagues from the Johns hopkins university School of medicine Departments of Neurosurgery, Oncology, Ophthalmology, and Pathology,
"In the future, the investigators envision that doctors would administer this therapy during the surgery commonly used to treat glioma in humans.
builds on his group's earlier sucess using a similar strategy to mark tumors for both diagnosis and precise surgical removal.
"says Dr. Markus Selzner, a transplant surgeon in the Multi-Organ transplant Program at TGH, co-investigator of the clinical trial and the transplant surgeon who performed the donor operation.
Dr. Selzner is also a clinician-scientist at the Toronto General Research Institute who modified the Steen preservation solution used in the device at TGH
"says Dr. David Grant, Surgical Director of the Multi-Organ transplant Program, co-investigator of the clinical trial who also transplanted the donor liver,
genetic manipulation and surgery are therapeutic approaches worth pursuing. Dr. Josep Dalmau, a neurology professor at the University of Pennsylvania not involved with the new study, agrees that the new findings could help to explain the initiation, maintenance,
and all require invasive surgery. A new approach aims to change all that by swapping out flat implants with an injectable electronic mesh.
Fove could be used as a medical HMD where surgeons use it for detailed camera work
#Canadian Space Robotics Technology to Help Sick Children Not much rivals the dexterity of a good surgeon hands.
The third prototype of Kidsarm, the first image-guided robotic surgical arm in the world specifically designed for pediatric surgery,
and researchers are hoping that the technology might soon lend a helping hand to surgeons around the country.
the robot is also promising for fetal, cardiac, neurological and urological surgeries. Using a pair of hand controllers in conjunction with high-precision, real-time imaging technology,
surgeons can pinpoint the area of concern to make it easier to reconnect delicate vessels, for example.
It is capable of working 10 times faster and with more accuracy than a surgeon hands when performing intricate procedures.
so that surgeons can compensate for the tissue motion that sometimes makes these surgeries difficult. A stereo camera generates a 3d point cloud,
This allows the surgeon to automate the suturing of small vessels and other microsurgical tasks.
Thanks to this technology, Kidsarm is capable of performing intricate procedures such as the suturing of blood vessels and tissues 10 times faster and with more accuracy than a surgeon hands.
#3d printed Heart Model Makes Surgery Safer and Less Dangerous Three-dimensional printing technology has just found yet another use, this time it heart surgery.
When planning for an invasive procedure, surgeons are limited often to two-dimensional MRI and CT (computerized tomography) images,
which can lead them to form a widely inaccurate view of their patient physiology. Although three-dimensional images are also now available,
and complex surgery, currently performed at only a handful of pediatric hospitals in the US.
thereby increasing safety and making follow-up surgery unnecessary. nstead of opening the chest and making a decision about how to proceed,
me to plan the surgery in advance, which meant Esther spent less time in surgery and received less anesthesia,
making the procedure safer. Frank Ing, MD, Chief of Cardiology and co-director of the Heart Institute at CHLA, thinks that
since only a small number of 3d models have been used for heart surgery, the jury is still out
whether they actually improve surgical outcomes, but added that? our experience suggest that using models saves time in the OR,
The use of 3d models is also likely to translate into a need for fewer surgeries
Otherwise she would have required multiple surgeries during the first years of her life. In addition to surgical planning, 3d printing has also been used for other medical applications according to a recent article on Med Device Online
oncologists were able to use a 3d printed model that mimics the density of organs in a patient body,
the Caltech team collaborated with surgeons at Keck Medicine of USC and the rehabilitation team at Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center.
The surgeons implanted a pair of small electrode arrays in two parts of the PPC of a quadriplegic patient.
After recovering from the surgery, the patient was trained to control the computer cursor and the robotic arm with his mind.
such as those of the Andersen Lab at Caltech, to human patients, ultimately turning transformative discoveries into effective therapies, says center director Charles Y. Liu, professor of neurological surgery, neurology,
and biomedical engineering at USC, who led the surgical implant procedure and the USC/Rancho Los Amigos team in the collaboration. n taking care of patients with neurological injuries and diseasesnd knowing the significant
the study first author and an assistant professor of surgery in UCLA division of liver and pancreas transplantation. his device is best single predictor of organ survival in our patients,
Faster regrowth and healing of damaged tissues Research focuses on select tissues injured through disease, surgery and transplants,
and individuals having liver surgery. The goal for each is the same: to increase dramatically the chances of a more rapid and successful recovery.
in some cases today, physicians are unable to perform surgery because the amount of the liver to be removed would be so great as to pose severe risk to the patient.
But having a drug to accelerate the liver regrowth could make surgery a viable option.
Yang and Bae, now at Inje University in Korea, worked in the Markowitz laboratory on studies of colitis (Yang) and on liver regrowth after surgery (Bae.
more effective Brain surgery is famously difficult for good reason: When removing a tumor, for example, neurosurgeons walk a tightrope as they try to take out as much of the cancer as possible
while keeping crucial brain tissue intact and visually distinguishing the two is often impossible. Now Johns Hopkins researchers report they have developed an imaging technology that could provide surgeons with a color-coded map of a patient brain showing
which areas are and are not cancer. A summary of the research appears June 17 in Science Translational Medicine. s a neurosurgeon,
I in agony when I taking out a tumor. If I take out too little the cancer could come back;
says Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, M d.,a professor of neurosurgery, neuroscience and oncology at the Johns hopkins university School of medicine and the clinical leader of the research team. e think optical coherence tomography has strong potential for helping surgeons know exactly where to cut.
First developed in the early 1990s for imaging the retina, optical coherence tomography (OCT) operates on the same echolocation principle used by bats and ultrasound scanners,
thought OCT might provide a solution to the problem of separating brain cancers from other tissue during surgery.
and the surgeon could look at a screen to get a continuously updated picture of where the cancer is
the team has tested the system on fresh human brain tissue removed during surgeries and in surgeries to remove brain tumors from mice.
The researchers hope to begin clinical trials in patients this summer. If those trials are successful
it will be a big step up from imaging technologies now available during surgeries, says Quinones-Hinojosa. ltrasound has a much lower resolution than OCT,
She is working on combining OCT with a different imaging technique that would detect blood vessels to help surgeons avoid cutting them s
#New tool on horizon for surgeons treating cancer patients Surgeons could know while their patients are still on the operating table
and proteins would harness the diagnostic value of validated immunohistochemistry approaches for surgical decision-making, Kertesz said.
rapidity and specificity of our method, there is great potential for our technology to assist surgeons in the detection of cancer from tissue biopsy samples,
said principal investigator Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, UCSF professor of neurological surgery, Heather and Melanie Muss Endowed Chair and a principal investigator in the UCSF Brain tumor Research center and the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research. t may be unwelcome
a surgeon detaches the area to be injected in the patient retina, then injects the viral vector through a narrow needle into the back of the eye.
I got the call that I qualified for the surgery. he viral vector, known as AAV2-REP1, was provided by Nightstarx Ltd.,
and reattach the retina within hours of surgery. he human body is doing its work. Wee just helping it. ource:
Both options require surgery that can damage parts of the brain and introduce experimental conditions that hinder animalsnatural movements.
According to Joost Klaase, surgeon at the Medical Spectrum Twente (MST) and involved with the research, the medical world has need a for the system. he nomogram for risk of breast cancer recurrence gives us a tool to create a tailor-made follow-up for breast cancer patients:
which is a medical emergency potentially requiring surgical intervention, says Koch Institute research affiliate Giovanni Traverso,
It is believed to be the first time voluntary leg movements have ever been relearned in completely paralyzed patients without surgery.
neurobiology and neurosurgery. Edgerton said although it likely will be years before the new approaches are widely available,
director of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering. he potential to offer a life-changing therapy to patients without requiring surgery would be a major advance;
It a wonderful example of the power that comes from combining advances in basic biological research with technological innovation. dgerton estimates that cost to patients of the new approach could be one-tenth the cost of treatment using the surgical epidural stimulator
because no surgery is required, it would likely be more easily available to more patients. The study co-authors were conceived Gerasimenko,
as well as Daniel Lu, associate professor of neurosurgery, researchers Morteza Modaber, Roland Roy and Dimitry Sayenko, research technician Sharon Zdunowski, research scientist Parag Gad, laboratory
and Adam Ferguson, assistant professor of neurological surgery at UC San francisco. Edgerton and his research team also plan to study people who have severe,
. director of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering at NIH. he potential to offer a life-changing therapy to patients without requiring surgery would be a major advance;
believing it could greatly expand the number of paralyzed individuals who could potentially benefit from spinal stimulation. here are a lot of individuals with spinal cord injury that have gone already through many surgeries
whether undergoing surgery to implant a stimulator is warranted. Alternatively, Edgerton speculates it may be possible early after an injury for noninvasive stimulation to help patients achieve a certain level of motor control that then allows them to continue to improve with physical rehabilitation
and avoid surgery altogether. ll patients are going to need something slightly different, and maybe noninvasive stimulation is going to be best in some cases and epidural stimulation in others,
#Tiny'wrist'to assist needle surgery A tiny flexible wrist component for needle-sized surgical equipment could enable surgeons to perform operations in tiny spaces
which would involve incisions so small that they could be sealed just with surgical tape, rather than sutures.
which would form part of the suite of equipment for a type of minimally invasive technique known as needlescopic surgery,
Needlescopic surgery, also known as mico-laproscopy, uses instruments about the size of a sewing needle inserted through incisions that are typically 5-10mm long.
is developing a surgical robot for needlescopic surgery, which a surgeon would operate remotely, like the Da vinci robot which is used now mainly for abdominal operations such as prostate surgery. he Da vinci uses a wire
-and-pulley system that is extremely difficult to miniaturise any further, so it won work in smaller spaces like the head and neck, said Webster.
Instead of Da vinci rigid rods tipped with pulley-operated instruments Webster team is working on a robot
the surgeon can move the tip of the needle to the site of surgery with great accuracy.
when the surgeon gets the needle tip where it needs to go. Without a riston the end of the needle, it hard for the the surgeon to cut
or remove tissue, or repair damage. Most microlaproscopy uses sharp-edged rings or heated wires on the end of the needle to scrape
Combined with a pincer on the end of the wrist, this could allow surgeons to make precise cuts
a professor urology surgery at Vanderbilt who is consulting on the project. here are a myriad of potential applications in some really exciting areas such as endoscopic neurosurgery,
This would allow us to do surgeries that at present require much larger incisions and may even enable us to perform operations that are not feasible at present. he team is now working on the user interface and control software for the device,
and hopes to test it first in transnasal surgery, which aims to remove tumours at the base of the skull by inserting instruments through the nose. t should be useful for a number of other operations as well,
said Webster. e think once we give this tool to surgeons they will find all kinds of applications we haven thought of.
The first time Sorto tried to control a robotic arm, 16 days after surgery, he pantomimed a handshake with a researcher."
because it's not feasible to repeat serious surgery every 5 years, he says. like a microscopic pincushion that's been pushed into the brain But
Now 59, Mr Baugh recently underwent surgery at Johns Hopkins to remap the remaining nerves from his missing arms,
and amputees who have undergone the same surgery reported being able to feel texture through MPL.
and strength. he long-term goal for all of this work is to have noninvasive no extra surgeries
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