but also relatively close at just 6500 light years away providing an excellent way to study what happens in these stellar explosions. ast year we used the European space agency s Herschel Space observatory to study the intricate network of gas filaments to show how exploding stars are creating huge amounts of space dust. urther measurements
#New transistors offer high output at low voltage A new type of transistor could pave the way for fast computing devices that would use very low energy including smart sensor networks and implanted medical devices.
Tunnel field effect transistors are considered to be a potential replacement for current CMOS transistors as device makers search for a way to continue shrinking the size of transistors and packing more transistors into a given area.
To improve amplification the researchers moved all the contacts to the same plane at the top surface of the vertical transistor.
There are many ways to make GQDS now but most are expensive and produce very small quantities says James Tour chair in chemistry and professor of mechanical engineering and materials science and of computer science at Rice university.
Earlier research found a way last year to make GQDS from relatively cheap carbon fiber
which are crucial to current and future research techniques. n the future oil-repellent virtual walls may be used to control the transport of oil without spillage Kwon says w
#Search tool finds pics of you based on tag relationships University of Toronto Posted by Michael Kennedy-Toronto on December 2 2013a new algorithm could profoundly change the way we find photos among the billions on social media sites such as Facebook
#Quantum wells flash light without magnets Spontaneous bursts of light from a solid block illuminate the unusual way interacting quantum particles behave
The discovery of a way to trigger these flashes may lead to new telecommunications equipment
Many-body theory gives physicists a way to understand how large numbers of interacting particles like molecules atoms
But NEIL also makes associations between these things to obtain common sense information that people just seem to know without ever saying##that cars often are found on roads that buildings tend to be vertical
but people##and NEIL##nevertheless know that sheep typically are white. mages are the best way to learn visual propertiessays Abhinav Gupta assistant research professor in Carnegie mellon University s Robotics Institute. mages
In this way the mailbox becomes undetectable to radar. e ve demonstrated a different way of doing itsays Eleftheriades. t s very simple:
Currently AM processes such as multi-jet modeling which create a solid 3d object from a digital model by laying down successive layers of material can fabricate a complex object in a matter of hours.
In the MIP-SL process a 3d digital model of an object is sliced by a set of horizontal planes
and their frequency can be tuned over a wide range because of graphene s tremendous mechanical strength. here is a long way to go toward actual applications in this areanotes Hone ut this work is an important first step.
The electrodes worked for about 100 charge-discharge cycles without significantly losing their energy storage capacity. hat s still quite a way from the goal of about 500 cycles for cell phones
and from all our data it looks like it s working. esearchers worldwide are racing to find ways to store more energy in the negative electrodes of lithium ion batteries to achieve higher performance while reducing weight.
Researchers in Cui s lab and elsewhere have tested a number of ways to keep silicon electrodes intact
and solar cell industry is the first solution that seems to offer a practical road forward Cui says.
and advanced laboratory techniques gave scientists an unprecedented opportunity to study the meteor that exploded over Chelyabinsk Russia in February. f humanity does not want to go the way of the dinosaurs we need to study an event like this in detailsays Qing-zhu Yin professor
In this state they could be used for the development of new drug systems by controlling the transportation of small molecules
As reported in the journal Nature existing solar cells all work in the same fundamental way:
since the 1970s but we don't make solar cells this way because they have only been demonstrated with ultraviolet light
Moreover it would be a way around an inefficiency intrinsic to interfacial solar cells known as the Shockley-Queisser limit where some of the energy from photons is lost as electrons wait to make the jump from one material to the other. hink of photons coming from the sun
which is another very useful trait. nother way to get around the inefficiency imposed by the Shockley-Queisser limit in interfacial solar cells is to effectively stack several solar cells with different bandgaps on top of
In solid-state white lighting technology phosphors are applied to the LED chip in such a way that the photons from the blue gallium nitride LED pass through the phosphor
The way they continue to improve is by making huge pixel mosaics which is appropriate for many
which data was collected on optical pulsars compact binaries high redshift galaxies and planetary transits. RCONS is very sensitive
why do animals exert force in ways that don t move them toward their destination? A robot designer would likely avoid the side-to-side sashaying of a running lizard
So why do the animals behave this way? A research team led by Johns hopkins university engineers says that the extra exertion isn t necessarily wasteful after all.
when they built their early airplanes. They made their planes a little unstable to get the maneuverability they needed. hen an animal
or vehicle is stable it resists unwanted changes in direction. On the other hand if it is maneuverable it has the ability to quickly change course when desired.
His team s findings published in the journal Nature could change the way scientists think about longstanding scientific models of how neural circuitry functions in the brain
and professor of chemistry and chemical biology. s an additive it greatly improves the cycling stability of the battery. n another approach to improving lithium-sulfur battery durability the researchers also report a new way
modeled after the way an egg is encased in a shell but has room to move around inside.
ut we ve found an easy way to do it. nstead of storing energy in chemical reactions the way batteries do upercapsstore electricity by assembling ions on the surface of a porous material.
#Drop an internet in the ocean to detect tsunamis University at Buffalo rightoriginal Studyposted by Cory Nealon-Buffalo on October 14 2013a deep-sea internet network is expected to improve the way scientists detect tsunamis monitor pollution
#rtificial nose detects dangerous vapors Researchers have developed a way to sniff out solvent gases by combining a common mineral zeolite with a metallic compound based on rhenium.
and gases can t interact with themhe says. o we started thinking of ways to create space between them. nter zeolites. hese zeolites are cages with big cavities
#Gene keeps wheat from sprouting on the stalk A new way to keep high humidity from damaging wheat crops could save farmers millions of dollars
It s a bit like the plant s brainsays Singh. lthough in the past scientists have identified it as the pathway that regulates the way a variety of genes are expressed until now no one had made the link with PHS. he researchers made the discovery by using a variety of genomic and molecular tools to identify specific
and then compared the way that these genes are expressed in PHS resistant versus PHS susceptible varieties of wheat. his discovery is important for other cereals like barley as well as for wheatsays Surinder Singh a doctoral student
This has implications for the way we view volcanic risk. eep-sea basalt pillars form
A team has developed a programming language for chemistry that it hopes will streamline efforts to design a network that can guide the behavior of chemical-reaction mixtures in the same way that embedded electronic controllers guide cars robots and other devices.
Scientists now are finding ways to design synthetic systems that behave like biological ones with the hope that synthetic molecules could support the body s natural functions.
That s roughly 10 times the acceleration provided by the current SLAC linear accelerator. ur ultimate goal for this structure is one billion electronvolts per meter and we re already one-third of the way in our first experimentsaid
Turning the accelerator on a chip into a full-fledged tabletop accelerator will require a more compact way to get the electrons up to speed before they enter the device.
and may pave the way for improvements in high-speed communication navigation and remote sensing. hen you re tuning a piano a tuning fork gives a standardized pitch or reference sound frequency;
But inherent imperfections have stood in the way of putting this promising material to practical use.
Since mass production is the eventual goal researchers had to find ways to deal with misaligned
and/or metallic CNTS without having to hunt for them like needles in a haystack. e needed a way to design circuits without having to look for imperfections
It is still a long way to gowang says. The work was conducted at the Geosoilenvirocars beamline operated by University of Chicago at the Advanced Photon Source housed at Argonne.
#Colonies of wired microbes turn sewage into electricity Stanford university rightoriginal Studyposted by Tom Abate-Stanford on September 19 2013a new way to generate electricity from sewage uses naturally occurring ired microbesas mini power plants
Over the last dozen years or so several research groups have tried various ways to use these microbes as bio-generators
but silver is too expensive for use at large scalesays Yi Cui an associate professor of materials science and engineering. hough the search is under way for a more practical material finding a substitute will take time. ource:
Although Edmund Halley who also discovered the famous comet showed the westward-drifting motion of the Earth s geomagnetic field in 1692 it is the first time that scientists have been able to link the way the inner core spins to the behavior of the outer core.
The planet behaves in this way because it is responding to the Earth s geomagnetic field.
#Ink-jet printing creates soft nanostructures A new way to make nanostructures combines advanced ink-jet printing technology with block copolymers that spontaneously form ultra-fine structures.
but there are significant challenges in achieving true nanoscale dimension. ur work demonstrates that processes of polymer self-assembly can provide a way around this limitationsays John Rogers professor of materials science and engineering at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Combining jet printing with self-assembling block copolymers enabled the engineers to attain the much higher resolution as suggested by lead author Serdar Onses a postdoctoral scientist at Illinois. Onses earned his doctorate at the University of Wisconsin
And because e-jet can naturally handle fluid inks it is suited exceptionally well for patterning solution suspensions of nanotubes nanocrystals nanowires
and hoped for ways to reconstruct deeper historical trends in this important nitrogen-cycle processcapone says. he new study by the Sigman
because it is the only way this fungal pathogen can produce spores to infect its host.
and his colleagues former fellow Min Ni and current graduate student Marianna Feretzaki grew the microbe in two different ways,
Scientists with no way to directly see it had struggled to understand it: it behaves like a solid
##and manmade products constructed from similar materials has to do with the hierarchical architecture of the biological materialsâ##the way the silica-based skeletons are built up from different structural elements some
and implantable biomedical devicesgreer says the work could fundamentally shift the way people think about the creation of materials. ith this approach we can really start thinking about designing materials backwardshe says. can start with a property
and then process it in such a way that it s made out of almost any material class we d likeâ##for example metals ceramics
The new powerful and very versatile way of controlling the speed and direction of motion of microscopic structures in water relies on
at the University of Warwick. t may even provide some insight into how rod shapes were selected for self-propelled microscopic shapes in the natural world. he team has now found a way to do it by simply adding a chemical in a specific spot
and at the same time it maintains rotational symmetry parallel to the plane of motion. he findings are published in the journal Materials Horizons.
and luggage could improve security at airport checkpoints researchers say. ince this method uses a single beam
even if itâ#merely a minute trace on a zipper. his doesnâ##t mean that security will be armed with handheld lasers in airports.
The low energy laser is safe to use on luggage as well as passengers Dantus says. For decades scientists have been working to develop lasers that are powerful enough for detection
while enhancing yieldsshe says. e re on our way there. ource: Iowa State Universityyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license
In the current transport and storage-based food system senescence after harvest whittles away at fruit and vegetable quality.
rate paving the way for a more lightweight material for cars and electronics. Weighing in at two thirds less than aluminum magnesium is the lightest structural metal.
Research efforts to develop lighter metals have explored way to create a stainless or corrosion-resistant form of magnesium.
and land transportation#Birbilis says.##Magnesium products are rapidly evolving to meet the demands of industry
#Silicon system produces squeezed light California Institute of technology rightoriginal Studyposted by Kimm Fesenmaier-Caltech on August 9 2013caltech (US)# A new system constructed on a silicon microchip offers a more useful way to produce the ultraquiet
or punching holes into it making these mechanical structures that respond to light in a very novel way.#
#One way to do that#says Safavi-Naeini#is to use light that has less noise.#
In this way the liquid electrolyte played a dual role: maintaining the minute space between the graphene sheets and conducting electricity.
These findings may pave the way for new methodologies for understanding anxiety and other emotions as well as substances that alter them.
#Convert microscope into billion-pixel imager for $200 CALTECH (US) Engineers have devised a way to convert a conventional microscope into a billion-pixel imaging system for about $200. n my view,
because it changes the way we tackle high-performance microscopy, says Changhuei Yang, professor of electrical engineering, bioengineering and medical engineering at the California Institute of technology (Caltech).
but only in a small area or they have gotten a coarser view of a much larger area. e found a way to actually have the best of both worlds,
#Yeast reveals secret of hitchhiker mutations It takes a group effort of genetic mutations to give organisms the best shot at evolutionary survival a new study suggests.
These extra mutations are termed hitchhikers because they don t appear to contribute to the enhanced fitness of the organism Our study indicates that evolution is more of a group effort says Gregory Lang an associate research scholar in the laboratory of David Botstein at Princeton university s Lewis-Sigler Institute
Drivers and hitchhikers The finding goes against the traditional view of evolution being determined by individual mutations that provide a large fitness advantage by themselves says Michael Desai a former Princeton fellow who is currently at Harvard university.
The whole group which includes hitchhikers drives adaptation together. The relatively small subset of gene mutations that were found to enhance survival Botstein says suggests that there are only a limited number of ways in
which organisms can substantially increase their fitness. Understanding the basic process in yeast translates to other organisms he says.
and hitchhikers Desai says that additional research is being done to explore which mutations are necessary for adaptation and
With Drawafriend, wee found a way to use crowdsourcing to create this critical resource for a data-impoverished phenomenon.
offers two ways that solar steam can be used for sterilizationne setup to clean medical instruments and another to sanitize human waste. anitation
The new insight may be helpful in finding ways to minimize the potential toxicity of graphene says Agnes Kane chair of the pathology and laboratory medicine department at Brown and one of the study s authors.
Not all of the whales responded to the noise and not all in the same way. Blue whales are the largest animals that have lived ever.
and less expensive to access content this way.##Panwar along with a team of students who have been working on the prototype technology designed streamloading to be compatible with current digital rights management (DRM) protocols.
and permitted to remain that way by being dispersed on GNR surfaces, the volume changes in the nanoparticles are not dramatic.
Sparking emotions One challenge for the research team was find a way to repeatedly and reliably evoke different emotional states from the participants.
different people tend to neurally encode emotions in remarkably similar ways, notes Amanda Markey, a graduate student in the department of social and decision sciences.
When higher risk is indicated Tabashnik describes a fork in the road with two paths:##Either take more stringent measures to delay resistance such as requiring larger refuges
Shipping was the lifeline of political economic and military stability for the Roman empire so constructing harbors that would last was critical.#
It was used in monuments such as the Pantheon in Rome as well as in wharves breakwaters and other harbor structures.
But the researchers are now finding ways to apply their discoveries about Roman concrete to the development of more earth-friendly and durable modern concrete.
When they detect the current they need for navigation they power back on slip into the current then power off again to conserve fuel as the current carries them to a target location.
which uses hurricane reconnaissance aircraft to punch through a storm#s eye wall and release dropsondes sensors that free-fall
#If you want to blast through a hurricane you have to build a bigger airplane#Mohseni says.#(
#The military) asks for a Batman airplane a super-duper aircraft that could do everything.
But what if you lose one of these super-duper airplanes?##We are going the opposite direction.
#There are a lot of hurdles in the way but we aim to bring novel devices built on sound physical understanding for cost-effectiveness and efficient power consumption.#
PENN (US)# Engineers have used a pattern of nanoantennas to develop a new way of turning infrared light into mechanical action
#The only way they can expand is in the third dimension. In this case that means bending toward the gold side
#While only a proof-of-concept at this stage future research will demonstrate the device s capabilities as a low-cost way of analyzing individual proteins and gas molecules.
It does this without requiring fancy changes in manufacturing or a new way of writing software
#Clean power is on its way for data centers as a service too Using clean energy to power data centers is becoming increasingly commonplace,
and work much in the way that a home pregnancy test does they are not nearly as sensitive
The Ember printer handles that last step in an unusual way. The tank is shaped like a cashew;
musicality. t a revolutionary way of preventing these diseases, and wee ready after extensive animal testing.
and that performing the technique on actual volunteer women is the only way to know
if the procedure is effective and safe in humans. t a revolutionary way of preventing these diseases,
He likened the current state of weather forecasting to driving to a gas station and purchasing a paper map.
Spire is the first to name weather as a major part of its business plan. e are just unwilling to accept that the way people think about the weather is just the way it is said,
unlike bottles for petroleum or gas burners that cannot be carried on airplanes and must be sourced at destination.
and get on the road again. Benefits There are no batteries and no moving parts to break and since the TEG is made from solid state semiconductor elements,
greener ways to get around. The vehicle converts the rowing motion of the driver and any passengers into rotational thrust to charge a battery and power the vehicle in conjunction with an electric motor.
So not only is it healthy for the planet it is healthy for the occupants too.
Sitting in a traffic jam in Silicon valley in 1968 Greenwood noticed the many overweight commuters sitting in their cars breathing in noxious exhaust fumes.
Searching for a full-body workout Greenwood eschewed a bicycle-type mechanism in favor of the rowing-like mechanism
The car includes seating for four, with rowing handlebars for each passenger. It can be powered by one, two, three or four people, the battery-powered electric motor,
The device is perfect for anyone wanting a way to get fit and help the environment
For the moment the Humancar is limited to non-highway or eighborhoodroads, but there are higher performance versions under development that are planned for highway travel.
There no doubt that in the race for green power the human body has been overlooked in favor of alternative fuel sources such as biofuels, hydrogen etc.
It uses a ottom upapproach that raises the teat cups on the milker in such a way that they can drop off from the udder
it has helped pioneer new ways of using technology. We've seen the versatile, board-based Raspberry Pi enabling everything from robotic bartenders to doggie treat dispensers.
but by expelling a jet of water. This allows them to move very quickly and quietly.
In the same way that the animals steer themselves by moving the funnel that the water comes out of the Fraunhofer system can also be steered using a motor to selectively point the balls in the desired direction (s). The whole apparatus can be fabricated in one step using a 3d printer.
As part of the recent Google Science Fair Texas teen Alex Spiride recently showed off his own bio-inspired Squid-Jet underwater vehicle e
which is information we really can get with sufficient accuracy any other way.""It's not just useful for studying the carbon cycle, either.
#Nature inspires color-sensitive CMOS-compatible photodetector Researchers at Rice university's Laboratory for Nanophotonics (LANP) have developed a new image sensor that mimics the way we see color by integrating light amplifiers and color
and more closely mimics the way living organisms'see'colors. The Rice team's paper on the research was published recently in the journal Advanced Materials s
but rather let the robot automatically conform to the environment the way animals do.""Using the hardware knowledge gleaned from their many years of snake robot construction,
but that they all communicate with each other in the same way. The interfaces used in the modular architecture allow robot designers to focus on specific capabilities without having to worry about detailed systems issues
#Nissan and NASA team up for autonomous drive vehicle development It may seem akin to an alliance between a railway and a submarine manufacturer,
The ultimate goal is to produce zero-emission proof-of-concept vehicles capable of self-navigation in difficult situations,
"Unmanned aircraft offer news organizations significant opportunities,"says FAA Administrator Michael Huerta.""We hope this agreement with CNN
and other media outlets looking to tap into the potential of unmanned aircraft, to others it may seem a little overdue with the FAA still outlawing drone use for commercial purposes.
But CNN's official approval from the FAA could pave the way for more widespread use
and give professionals the tools to do their jobs in cheaper, more efficient ways. Much like the exemptions granted to Hollywood production companies last year,
#8 ways the Oculus Rift could (eventually) transcend gaming Gamers have been buzzing about the Oculus Rift for a couple of years already
The best way to describe the experience is made that it today's movies seem stale and one-dimensional by comparison.
Similarly VR could transform the way we watch sports. Imagine the 2016 NBA Finals with 360-degree cameras placed at various points courtside (or even hanging above the court or on the backboards.
Pilots could have the most realistic simulators they've ever flown beginner repair technicians could get hands-on experience without damaging expensive equipment
That's where DNATRAX comes inoriginally designed for biodefense work DNATRAX was created as a way to simulate germ warfare attacks on indoor and outdoor targets.
The conventional way of determining the weak spots in targets ranging from underground rail systems to the Pentagon is to spray harmless bacteria into the air later collect samples from various places then incubate them to see how the bacteria has spread.
so the researchers see DNATRAX as a safe way of assessing how well current suits are performing.
However DNATRAX is a quick and efficient way to stop these foods from sickening more people
Toyota will consider requests from outside the transportation sector on a case by case basis. Last year,
The prototypes wee seen so farhether designed for use in buildings or public transport controllable with a light switch or wirelessly through a smartphoneenerally rely on an external power source to function,
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