For many decades, silicon has been the heart of modern electronics but as a material, it has its limits.
As our devices get smaller and smaller, the basic unit of these devices, a transistor,
the size of the silicon transistor is reaching its physical limit. As silicon devices are based on
These physical limitations have driven the race for new materials that can be used as semiconductors in lieu of silicon.
Layered Anisotropic Infrared Semiconductors with Highly Tunable Compositions and Properties. The paper appeared in Advanced Materials on June 25, 2015.
and the materialsability to sense long wavelength infrared (LWIR) waves due to their small energy gaps. This particular electromagnetic spectral range of LWIR is important for a range of applications such as LIDAR (light radar) systems
Atomic force microscope image of a black arsenic-phosphorus field-effect transistor. Image courtesy of Chongwu Zhou and Bilu Liu y
and built to work seamlessly with both synchrotron x-rays and electron microscopes.""Everything was controlled exquisitely at both NSLS
"Our understanding of optics on the macroscale has led to holograms, Google glass and LEDS, just to name a few technologies.
#Graphene-based film can be used for efficient cooling of electronics Researchers have developed a method for efficiently cooling electronics using graphene-based film.
Moreover, the graphene film is attachable to electronic components made of silicon, which favours the film's performance compared to typical graphene characteristics shown in previous, similar experiments.
Electronic systems available today accumulate a great deal of heat, mostly due to the ever-increasing demand on functionality.
professor at Chalmers University of Technology, were the first to show that graphene can have a cooling effect on silicon-based electronics.
That was the starting point for researchers conducting research on the cooling of silicon-based electronics using graphene. ut the methods that have been in place so far have presented the researchers with problems Johan Liu says. t has become evident that those methods cannot be used to rid electronic devices
which is made an electronic component of silicon, he continues. The stronger bonds result from so-called functionalisation of the graphene,
and the electronic component (see picture). Moreover, functionalisation using silane coupling doubles the thermal conductivity of the graphene.
such as highly Efficient light Emitting Diodes (LEDS), lasers and radio frequency components for cooling purposes. Graphene-based film could also pave the way for faster, smaller, more energy efficient, sustainable high power electronics."
"Image: Graphene-based film on an electronic component with high heat intensity. Credit: Johan Liu Source:
http://www. mynewsdesk. com/uk/chalmers/..
#Environmentally friendly lignin nanoparticle'greens'silver nanobullet to battle bacteria Researchers have developed an effective and environmentally benign method to combat bacteria by engineering nanoscale particles that add the antimicrobial potency of silver to a core of lignin,
In all of the experiments, the mice were about three feet away from the command antenna."
"The researchers fabricated the implant using semiconductor computer chip manufacturing techniques. It has room for up to four drugs
and has four microscale inorganic light-emitting diodes. They installed an expandable material at the bottom of the drug reservoirs to control delivery.
At its most basic level, your smart phone's battery is powering billions of transistors using electrons to flip on and off billions of times per second.
But if microchips could use photons instead of electrons to process and transmit data, computers could operate even faster.
they are too energy-hungry and unwieldy to integrate into computer chips. Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source.
In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
This so-called plasmonic device could one day be used in optical computing chips or for optical communication between traditional electronic microchips.
and off at more than 90 gigahertz. here is great interest in replacing lasers with LEDS for short-distance optical communication,
like wee done here with semiconductors, we can create new designer materials with almost any optical properties we desire,
At its most basic level, your smart phone's battery is powering billions of transistors using electrons to flip on and off billions of times per second.
But if microchips could use photons instead of electrons to process and transmit data, computers could operate even faster.
they are too energy-hungry and unwieldy to integrate into computer chips. Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source.
In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
This so-called plasmonic device could one day be used in optical computing chips or for optical communication between traditional electronic microchips.
and off at more than 90 gigahertz. here is great interest in replacing lasers with LEDS for short-distance optical communication,
like wee done here with semiconductors, we can create new designer materials with almost any optical properties we desire,
The researchers report in Nano Letters that by combining inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals with organic molecules, they have succeeded in pconvertingphotons in the visible and near-infrared regions of the solar spectrum. he infrared region of the solar
In their experiments, Bardeen and Tang worked with cadmium selenide and lead selenide semiconductor nanocrystals.
Bardeen said. he key to this research is the hybrid composite material combining inorganic semiconductor nanoparticles with organic compounds.
the ability to upconvert two low energy photons into one high energy photon has potential applications in biological imaging, data storage and organic light-emitting diodes.
The researchers report in Nano Letters that by combining inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals with organic molecules, they have succeeded in pconvertingphotons in the visible and near-infrared regions of the solar spectrum. he infrared region of the solar
In their experiments, Bardeen and Tang worked with cadmium selenide and lead selenide semiconductor nanocrystals.
Bardeen said. he key to this research is the hybrid composite material combining inorganic semiconductor nanoparticles with organic compounds.
the ability to upconvert two low energy photons into one high energy photon has potential applications in biological imaging, data storage and organic light-emitting diodes.
#Engineers demonstrate the world first white lasers More luminous and energy efficient than LEDS, white lasers look to be the future in lighting and Li-Fi,
The researchers have created a novel nanosheet a thin layer of semiconductor that measures roughly one-fifth of the thickness of human hair in size with a thickness that is roughly one-thousandth of the thickness of human hair with three
The technological advance puts lasers one step closer to being a mainstream light source and potential replacement or alternative to light emitting diodes (LEDS.
In typical LED-based lighting a blue LED is coated with phosphor materials to convert a portion of the blue light to green, yellow and red light.
This mixture of colored light will be perceived by humans as white light and can therefore be used for general illumination.
The researchers showed that the human eye is as comfortable with white light generated by diode lasers as with that produced by LEDS,
Ning said. single tiny piece of semiconductor material emitting laser light in all colors or in white is desired.
Semiconductors, usually a solid chemical element or compound arranged into crystals, are used widely for computer chips or for light generation in telecommunication systems.
They have interesting optical properties and are used to make lasers and LEDS because they can emit light of a specific color
when a voltage is applied to them. The most preferred light emitting material for semiconductors is indium gallium nitride
though other materials such as cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide also are used for emitting visible colors. The main challenge, the researchers noted, lies in the way light emitting semiconductor materials are grown
and how they work to emit light of different colors. Typically a given semiconductor emits light of a single colorblue,
green or redthat is determined by a unique atomic structure and energy bandgap. The attice constantrepresents the distance between the atoms.
To produce all possible wavelengths in the visible spectral range you need several semiconductors of very different lattice constants
and energy bandgaps. ur goal is to achieve a single semiconductor piece capable of laser operation in the three fundamental lasing colors.
The piece should be small enough so that people can perceive only one overall mixed color,
instead of three individual colors, said Fan. ut it was not easy. he key obstacle is called an issue lattice mismatch,
Liu said. e have not been able to grow different semiconductor crystals together in high enough quality,
The most desired solution, according to Ning, would be to have a single semiconductor structure that emits all needed colors.
Six years ago, under U s army Research Office funding, they demonstrated that one could indeed grow nanowire materials in a wide range of energy bandgaps
Later on they realized simultaneous laser operation in green and red from a single semiconductor nanosheet or nanowires.
proved to be a greater challenge with its wide energy bandgap and very different material properties. e have struggled for almost two years to grow blue emitting materials in nanosheet form,
and an important breakthrough that finally made it possible to grow a single piece of structure containing three segments of different semiconductors emitting all needed colors and the white lasers possible.
Rice physicists build superconductor analog, observe antiferromagnetic order February 23rd, 2015quantum Computing Forbidden quantum leaps possible with high-res spectroscopy March 2nd,
like multiple-die stacking with flip-chip, side-by-side heterogeneous integration, and 3d partitioning of different CMOS dies issued from CMP runs. 3d integration is highly complementary to traditional CMOS scaling,
These 3d post-process technologies require very limited redesign of existing chips, and will be used initially for specific CMOS nodes available at CMP.
and silicon photonics will affect integrated circuits. In addition to its R&d activities, IRT Nanoelec runs a technology transfer program set up to ensure that the innovations developed directly benefit businesses especially small and mid-sized businesses in all industries.
it is suited not to the field of optoelectronics where TMDCS such as molybdenum disulphide (Mos2) have a clear advantage thanks to exhibiting a finite band gap in the visible wavelength range.
The paper describes how gentle oxygen plasma treatment produces direct bandgap transition in many-layer Mos2.*
Here, the plasma is generated by flowing room air past an electrode supplied with 20 W of RF power at 200 mtorr.
While typical plasma cleaners used in semiconductor fabrication operate using a"sputtering"mechanism where the sample is bombarded with ions carrying significant kinetic energy
The authors successfully demonstrate the generation of an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition in many-layer Mos2 through the use of an easy to use, scalable oxygen induced plasma process.
The direct gap semiconductor show a significantly enhanced PL emission due to the efficient absorption of light in direct gap materials
crucial for application in optoelectronic devices. XEI has sold now more than 2000 Evactron systems worldwide solving contamination problems in many different environments using high vacuum including electron microscopes, FIBS and other vacuum sample chambers.
Each system comes with a 5 year limited warranty t
#Caltech scientists develop cool process to make better graphene Abstract: A new technique invented at Caltech to produce graphene--a material made up of an atom-thick layer of carbon--at room temperature could help pave the way for commercially feasible graphene-based solar cells and light-emitting diodes, large-panel displays, and flexible electronics."
"With this new technique, we can grow large sheets of electronic-grade graphene in much less time
A scaled-up version of their plasma technique could open the door for new kinds of electronics manufacturing,
Another possibility would be to grow large sheets of graphene that can be used as a transparent conducting electrode for solar cells and display panels."
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015graphene Graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th,
2015display technology/LEDS/SS Lighting/OLEDS Engineers create chameleon-like artificial'skin'that shifts color on demand March 12th, 2015breakthrough in OLED technology March 2nd,
Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th, 2015qd Vision Named Edison Award Finalist for Innovative Color IQ Quantum dot Technology
February 23rd, 2015flexible Electronics Breakthrough in OLED technology March 2nd, 2015discoveries 30 years after C60: Fullerene chemistry with silicon:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015announcements 30 years after C60: Fullerene chemistry with silicon:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers 30 years after C60:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015energy Graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015a new method for making perovskite solar cells March 16th, 2015uc research partnership explores how to best harness solar power March 2nd,
In a new study this week in the American Chemical Society journal Applied materials & Interfaces, Tour and colleagues demonstrated fine control over the graphene oxide dots'size-dependent band gap,
the property that makes them semiconductors. Quantum dots are semiconducting materials that are small enough to exhibit quantum mechanical properties that only appear at the nanoscale.
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015govt. -Legislation/Regulation/Funding/Policy Los alamos Offers New Insights Into Radiation Damage Evolution:
2015eeja and Tokyo U Achieve Simultaneous Formation of Contact Electrodes for P-type and N-type Organic semiconductor Crystals Using the Plating Method March 15th, 2015advantest to Exhibit at SEMICON China in Shanghai, China, March 17-19:
Showcasing Broad Portfolio of Semiconductor Products, Technologies and Solutions March 10th, 2015discoveries 30 years after C60:
Fullerene chemistry with silicon: A long strived-for silicon dodecahedron synthesised at room temperature March 18th, 2015'Smart bandage'detects bed sores before they are visible to doctors March 18th,
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015materials/Metamaterials Drexel Univ. materials research could unlock potential of lithium-sulfur batteries March 17th, 2015four Scientists
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers 30 years after C60:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015military Data structures influence speed of quantum search in unexpected ways:
Thanks to advances in flexible electronics, the researchers, in collaboration with colleagues at UC San francisco, have created a new"smart bandage"that uses electrical currents to detect early tissue damage from pressure ulcers,
"Cells as capacitors and resistorsthe researchers printed an array of dozens of electrodes onto a thin, flexible film.
They discharged a very small current between the electrodes to create a spatial map of the underlying tissue based upon the flow of electricity at different frequencies, a technique called impedance spectroscopy.
thus acting like an insulator to the cell's conductive contents and drawing the comparison to a capacitor.
and Yasser Khan, a UC Berkeley Ph d. student in electrical engineering and computer sciences, who fabricated the sensor array.
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015govt. -Legislation/Regulation/Funding/Policy Los alamos Offers New Insights Into Radiation Damage Evolution:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
which the role of the substrate is played by an appropriately prepared carbon electrode.""We have managed to adjust the conditions of the whole process
so that the suspension of gold nanoparticles in the solution surrounding the electrode remains stable while maintaining an appropriate concentration of copper two ions and supporting electrolyte.
Sensors constructed on the basis of such substrates can be used, for example, to detect the presence of preservatives in foodstuffs.
stable substrates for a variety of chemical sensors and electrodes employed in flow systems.#####About Institute of Physical chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciencesthe Institute of Physical chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences was established in 1955 as one of the first chemical institutes of the PAS.
which are tiny crystals of a semiconductor material that can emit single photons of light.
1 step closer with defect-free logic gate-Developing a new approach to quantum computing, based on braided quasiparticles as a logic gate to speed up computing,
Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th, 2015ultra-thin nanowires can trap electron'twisters'that disrupt superconductors February 24th, 2015discoveries Quantum computing:
1 step closer with defect-free logic gate-Developing a new approach to quantum computing, based on braided quasiparticles as a logic gate to speed up computing,
Rice researchers'theory combines strength, stiffness and toughness of composites into a single design map March 16th, 2015new remote control for molecular motors:
This structure is key to their potential for being used as electrode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries.
#EEJA and Tokyo U Achieve Simultaneous Formation of Contact Electrodes for P-type and N-type Organic semiconductor Crystals Using the Plating Method Tanaka Holdings, Co.,Ltd.
Head office: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo; President & CEO: Akira Tanae) announced today that Electroplating Engineers of Japan, Ltd.
together with Professor Junichi Takeya of the University of Tokyo's Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, has achieved the world's first success in the development of technology for the simultaneous formation of contact electrodes for p-type and n-type*1
Organic semiconductor Field Effect Transistors("OFET, "hereafter) using an electroless plating process. By using an electroless gold plating process with silver nanoparticles as a catalyst for an organic semiconductor,
this technology enables the formation in the atmosphere of top contact-type OFET (figure 1)* 2 contact electrodes without the use of a vacuum environment,
which requires large-scale equipment. As opposed to metallic ink, which has the same atmospheric contact formation,
this technology realizes the formation of a high-performance OFET as there is little damage to the organic semiconductor,
and the performance of the high-mobility*3 organic semiconductor is affected not. Also, due to the emergence of high-performance n-type semiconductor materials in recent years, more advanced organic electronic devices can now be formed at a low-cost thanks to the simultaneous formation of contact electrodes for p-type and n-type
OFET mixed circuits, for which development is speeding up. For p-type organic semiconductors the contact resistance of the contact electrodes using this technology is 0. 1kiloohm-cm or less,
which is the lowest value currently on record in terms of the contact resistance of organic semiconductor contact electrodes formed in the atmosphere.
The atmospheric formation of a high-performance OFET (Figure 2) with low-contact resistance electrodes and high-mobility that are among the top levels in the world is achieved by combining the merits of this technology with those of high-performance
coating-type organic semiconductors developed by Professor Takeya which can be formed atmospherically. This result enables the atmospheric formation of organic electronic devices with high-speed drives
and it enables the production of high functionality electronic devices using printed electronics*4. This technology is a process for the formation of contact electrodes with a gold-silver hybrid structure,
which is achieved by applying a silver catalyst solution for plating that includes silver nanoparticles to an organic semiconductor crystal, after
which a gold coating is applied to the substrate by immersing it in an electroless gold plating solution
so that the gaps between the silver grains are filled with gold. This enables the single-process formation of low-contact resistance contact electrodes for p-type organic semiconductors
which facilitate a charge injection from gold, and n-type organic semiconductors, which facilitate a charge injection from silver (Figure 3). EEJA will announce the research findings relating to this technology at the 62nd Jpan Society of Applied Physics Spring Meeting,
to be held between March 11 and March 14 at Tokai University, Shonan Campus (Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa). Background to this technology OFET is a transistor that uses an organic semiconductor,
which means that-among other characteristics unique to organic materials-it can be formed at low-temperatures,
is lightweight and is flexible. The high-performance of organic semiconductor materials has progressed rapidly in recent years,
and materials are being developed with double-digit increases over the figure that was thought to be the limit for the mobility of organic semiconductors.
The pioneering findings of Professor Takeya's research group make possible the atmospheric formation of high-mobility organic semiconductors,
which is expected to increase the fields of use for organic semiconductors. While there are several methods for the formation of OFET contact electrodes
they all suffer from such issues as requiring a vacuum environment and causing damage to organic semiconductors.
For example, thin film electrodes can be formed uniformly using the vacuum deposition method, but the equipment used to create a vacuum environment is incredibly expensive,
and the loss of materials is huge. Also, while electrode formation in the atmosphere is possible using metallic ink and metallic paste,
it also requires the inclusion of organic solvents, high-temperature sintering, and hardening by means of ultraviolet rays,
which damages the organic semiconductor, and does not achieve sufficient results as a transistor. This is why
in September 2014, EEJA together with Professor Takeya's research group jointly developed plating-process contact electrode formation technology for p-type organic semiconductors.
In order to stably form electrodes for organic semiconductor crystals, EEJA developed new gold nanoparticles as an electroless plating catalyst.
The contact resistance of the contact electrodes formed using this technology is 0. 7kiloohm-cm,
which is a remarkably low contact resistance for atmospheric formation contact electrodes. Also, Professor Takeya's research group developed a coating-type organic semiconductor that could be formed in a short time in the atmosphere with a large-surface thin film with uniform crystal orientation
and a mobility (which is the deciding factor in the performance of semiconductors) that greatly surpasses that of conventional organic semiconductors at 10cm2/Vs or more.
Contributing to the development of new devices with OFET application-the development for the future Because OFET has the characteristics of being printable, lightweight and flexible,
we anticipate such device developments as flexible displays and disposable RFID (automatic wireless identification) tags. Currently, development is mainly progressing for devices that use p-type organic semiconductors,
but the development of all-flexible displays and wearable computers, which require advanced circuitry and bendable driver ICS,
also requires p-type and n-type OFET mixed circuitry and both OFETS must operate at high speeds.
This jointly developed technology contributes to technical innovation in connection to organic electronic devices. EEJA will continue to find further solutions for utilization in organic electronic devices.*
*1 p-type organic semiconductors and n-type organic semiconductors Organic compounds crystalized with uniform crystal orientation acquire the characteristics of a semiconductor.
By injecting a positive charge, the electrified object is referred to as a p-(positive) type organic semiconductor. By injecting a negative charge,
the electrified object is referred to as an n-(negative) type organic semiconductor. The metal that is easier to be injected with a charge varies depending on
whether it is a p-type or n-type.**2 Top contact-type OFET This is an organic transistor where the contact electrodes are located on the semiconductor crystal.
This structure enables a drive with a higher speed than that of OFETS with other structures.
However, because the electrodes are formed after forming the organic semiconductor crystal, the organic semiconductor is damaged easily, and contact electrodes are difficult to form.*
*3 Mobility This signifies the ease of movement for the charge within the semiconductor. Electronic devices that carry out complex processes require a higher mobility.
Until a few years ago, the mobility of organic semiconductors was generally about 0. 1cm2/Vs, but materials have been developed in recent years with a mobility of 10cm2/Vs or more.*
*4 Printed electronics This is a technology for the atmospheric formation of electronic circuits and devices on substrates using printing technology and so on.##
###About Tanaka Holdings, Co.,Ltd. Tanaka Holdings Co.,Ltd. Holding company of Tanaka Precious metals) Headquarters: 22f, Tokyo Building, 2-7-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Representative:
Akira Tanae, President & CEO Founded: 1885 Incorporated: 1918 Capital: 500 million yen Employees in consolidated group:
3, 562 (FY2013) Net sales of consolidated group: 967.6 billion yen (FY2013) Main businesses of the group:
Manufacture, sales, import and export of precious metals (platinum, gold, silver, and others) and various types of industrial precious metals products.
Recycling and refining of precious metals. Website: http://www. tanaka. co. jp/english (Tanaka Precious metals), http://pro. tanaka. co. jp/en (Industrial products) Electroplating Engineers of Japan Ltd.
and reception at the same frequency in a wireless radio A team of Columbia Engineering researchers has invented a technology--full-duplex radio integrated circuits (ICS)--that can be implemented in nanoscale CMOS to enable simultaneous transmission and reception
transmitters and receivers either work at different times or at the same time but at different frequencies. The Columbia team, led by Electrical engineering Associate professor Harish Krishnaswamy,
So the ability to have a transmitter and receiver reuse the same frequency has the potential to immediately double the data capacity of today's networks.
Krishnaswamy notes that other research groups and startup companies have demonstrated the theoretical feasibility of simultaneous transmission and reception at the same frequency,
"The biggest challenge the team faced with full duplex was canceling the transmitter's echo.
"Transmitter echo or'self-interference'cancellation has been a fundamental challenge, especially when performed in a tiny nanoscale IC,
and sensors that can detect otherwise imperceptible defects in buildings, bridges, and aircraft.""This is the first time anybody has made a flexible chameleon-like skin that can change color simply by flexing it,
The Berkeley researchers were able to overcome both these hurdles by forming their grating bars using a semiconductor layer of silicon approximately 120 nanometers thick.
The semiconductor material also allowed the team to create a skin that was incredibly thin, perfectly flat,
More day-to-day applications could include sensors that would change color to indicate that structural fatigue was stressing critical components on bridges, buildings,
2015researchers enable solar cells to use more sunlight February 25th, 2015display technology/LEDS/SS Lighting/OLEDS Breakthrough in OLED technology March 2nd,
Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th, 2015qd Vision Named Edison Award Finalist for Innovative Color IQ Quantum dot Technology February 23rd,
2015pens filled with high-tech inks for do-it-yourself sensors March 3rd, 2015researchers build atomically thin gas and chemical sensors:
Sensors made of molybdenum disulfide are small, thin and have a high level of selectivity when detecting gases and chemicals February 19th,
2015discoveries Super-resolution microscopes reveal the link between genome packaging and cell pluripotency: A study using super-resolution microscopy reveals that our genome is packaged not regularly
Rice physicists build superconductor analog, observe antiferromagnetic order February 23rd, 2015aerospace/Space Anousheh Ansari Wins the National Space Society's Space Pioneer Award
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