#Researchers discover cancer markers may be visible early during human development Researchers at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute have uncovered a link between the genomes of cells originating in the neural crest
who led the current research. hey found the lesions were very persistent in DNA, meaning we don have a repair system to take them out,
therefore may help scientists improve the quality of superconducting magnets and sensors, and develop energy-efficient methods for transporting electricity.
which could make them lose their superfluid properties. t a complicated experiment, with a lot of laser beams, electronics,
#Scientists find a new way to manufacture graphene nanoribbons for future electronics There is no doubt that graphene is the key to the future of electronics.
It is the most significant material for developing new types of electronic devices because of its many extraordinary properties,
However, in order to use graphene in high-performance semiconductor electronics ultra-narrow strips of graphene are needed and scientists have struggled to create them.
in order to make electronics. Image credit: Arnold Research Group and Guisinger Research Group, news. wisc. eduscientists at University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered now a method to grow these ultra-narrow strips, called nanoribbons, with desirable semiconducting
properties directly on a conventional germanium semiconductor wafer. This discovery is aimed at allowing manufacturers of electronics to develop the next-generation of electronic devices that will have much greater performance.
This technology is also likely to find applications in other industries as well, such as military, used in sensors that detect specific chemical
and biological species and photonic devices that manipulate light. Furthermore, this method of producing nanoribbons is complicated not overly it is scalable
and is compatible with current equipment used in semiconductor processing. In fact it is hard to put into words how significant this achievement is.
Professor Michael Arnold, one of the authors of the study, said raphene nanoribbons that can be grown directly on the surface of a semiconductor like germanium are more compatible with planar processing that used in the semiconductor industry,
and so there would be less of a barrier to integrating these really excellent materials into electronics in the futurewhere graphene could be in the future,
although with smooth edges, is far too short for use in electronics. But now scientists found a way to manufacture ultra-narrow nanoribbons with smooth
and heat with such efficiency that it is likely to revolutionize electronics. Image credit: Alexanderalus via Wikimedia, CC BY-SA 3. 0in this process scientists start with methane,
which is needed for future generations of electronics. However, there are still some problems left to solve.
whether the system uses a microinverter or a standard string inverter, and whether the system is installed on a rooftop
#Scientists pioneer method to track water flowing through glaciers Researchers for the first time have used seismic sensors to track meltwater flowing through glaciers and into the ocean,
or corrosion damage or in energy technology to build new electrolytes for rechargeable batteries or enhanced dielectrics for supercapacitors.
But it the promise of MOF nanoparticles suitable to make into thin films for sensors and microelectronics that is particularly alluring.
for instance, function as a coupled temperature-moisture sensor that rapidly switches from turquoise to dark blue colour for easy identification, reversibly, upon heating.
Thin film sensors created using MOF nanoparticles harvested from hybrid gels The team worked with Isis Innovation to patent the technology and Samsung Electronics
are looking to translate this discovery into a range of real-world applications including optoelectronics, thin-film sensors,
and microelectronics. e believe our method has huge potential, comments Jin-Chong, t opens the door to exploiting MOF-based supramolecular gels as a new 3d scaffolding material useful for engineering optoelectronics and innovative micromechanical devices n
#Novel technology may illuminate mystery moon caves It widely believed that the moon features networks of caves created when violent lava flows tore under the surface from ancient volcanoes.
The scattering photons from the laser bounce off obstacles and make their way back to sensors in the camera.
#Flexible, biodegradable device can generate power from touch Longstanding concerns about portable electronics include the devicesshort battery life and their contribution to e waste.
and it lit up 22 to 55 light-emitting diodes
#Major Innovation in Molecular Imaging Delivers Spatial and Spectral Info Simultaneously Using physical chemistry methods to look at biology at the nanoscale,
#High-sensitivity, high resolution magnetocardiography (MCG) for use at room temperature developed Researchers at Tohoku University have succeeded in developing a sensor for the living body that can detect the bio-magnetic field with high sensitivity
An engineering example of closed-loop control is a simple thermostat used to maintain a steady temperature in the home.
and found considerable variation in the responses of neuronal networks grown on multi-electrode arrays
which can include as many as a million cells. ecause we have all those electrodes, we can process the data in real-time
The optoclamp can be used to control cell cultures grown atop electrode arrays as well as in living animal models in
which electrodes have been implanted. In research conducted with colleagues at Emory University, the optoclamp ability to maintain a steady neural firing state allowed researchers to study a key control issue in homeostatic plasticity, a phenomenon that results from a lack of neural stimulation.
Applications of these devices include advanced microscopes, displays, sensors, and cameras that can be mass-produced using the same techniques used to manufacture computer microchips. hese flat lenses will help us to make more compact and robust imaging assemblies,
said Mahmood Bagheri, a microdevices engineer at JPL and co-author of a new Nature Nanotechnology study describing the devices. urrently,
and the study principal investigator. ut this new technology is very similar to the one used to print semiconductor chips onto silicon wafers,
Semiconductor lasers typically emit into elliptical beams that are really hard to work with and the new metasurface optical components could replace expensive optical systems used to circularize the beams.
and manipulate, said Michael Todhunter, Phd, who led the new study with Noel Jee, Phd,
Testing the sensors In this study, researchers showed that the mouth guard sensor could offer an easy and reliable way to monitor uric acid levels.
The mouth guard has been tested with human saliva but hasn been tested in a person mouth. Researchers collected saliva samples from healthy volunteers and spread them on the sensor,
which produced readings in a normal range. Next, they collected saliva from a patient who suffers from hyperuricemia,
The sensor detected more than four times as much uric acid in the patient saliva than in the healthy volunteers.
Fabrication and design Wang team created a screen-printed sensor using silver, Prussian blue ink and uricase,
researchers needed to make sure that the sensors only reacted with the uric acid. Nanoengineers set up the chemical equivalent of a two-step authentication system.
which ensures that only the smallest biochemicals get inside the sensor. The second step is a layer of uricase trapped in polymers,
That information is transmitted then to an electronic board as electrical signals via metallic strips that are part of the sensor.
uses small chips that sense the output of the sensors, digitizes this output and then wirelessly transmits data to a smart phone, tablet or laptop.
Next steps The next step is embed to all the electronics inside the mouth guard so that it can actually be worn.
Researchers also will have to test the materials used for the sensors and electronics to make sure that they are indeed completely biocompatible.
The next iteration of the mouth guard is about a year out, Mercier estimates. ll the components are said there,
Wang and Mercier lead the Center for Wearable Sensors at UC San diego, which has made a series of breakthroughs in the field,
ultra-miniaturized energy-processing chips and pens filled with high-tech inks for Do it yourself chemical sensors.
C San diego has become a leader in the field of wearable sensors, said Mercier e
#Study finds dramatic increase in concurrent droughts, heat waves Droughts and heat waves are happening simultaneously with much greater frequency than in the past, according to research by climate experts at the University of California, Irvine.
A team from UCI Center for Hydrometeorology & Remote Sensing examined data gathered from ground sensors and gauges during a 50-year period beginning in 1960.
or photons, using an artificially constructed atom, known as a semiconductor quantum dot. Thanks to the enhanced optical properties of this system and the technique used to make the measurements,
This excited the quantum dot and led to the emission of a stream of individual photons.
Identification takes place within a microscopically small channel in a chip made from glass and silicone polymer.
or other electronic equipment. he process for the color change would take about 24 hours from
Revealed by a brand new lectron camera, one of the world speediest, this unprecedented level of detail could guide researchers in the development of efficient solar cells, fast and flexible electronics and high-performance chemical catalysts.
and form a scattering pattern on the detector a signal the team used to determine the monolayer structure.
Understanding these dynamic ripples could provide crucial clues for the development of next-generation solar cells, electronics and catalysts.
flexible electronics and to encode information in data storage devices. Thin films of Mos2 are also under study as possible catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions.
and produce a signal on a detector that scientists use to determine where atoms are located in the monolayer.
with logic boards and microprocessors representing neural circuits and neurons, respectively. While this analogy has served neuroscience well in the past,
Multiplexers are devices that enable separate streams of data to travel through a single medium.
As a result, many of the components for a terahertz wireless network including multiplexers have not yet been developed.
The multiplexer that Mittleman and his colleagues have been working on makes use of what known as a leaky wave antenna.
In this case, the antenna is made from two metal plates placed in parallel to form a waveguide.
On the other end, a receiver could be tuned to accept radiation at a particular angle,
Ghodbane and six Rutgers researchers recently published their results in the Royal Society of Chemistry journal, Lab on a Chip.
The lab-on-chip device, which employs microfluidics technology, along with making tests more affordable for patients
The Rutgers team has combined several capabilities for the first time in the device theye dubbed LISA-on-a-chip (for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
have been refining cell-surface sensors known as chimeric antigen receptors, or CARS. Once inserted into T cells,
Wee needed a remote control system that retains the power of these engineered T cells, but allows us to communicate specifically with them
Controlling Through Drug Dosagethe drug-based remote control system devised by Lim and colleagues does more than merely switch CAR T cells between nand ffstates.
but he believes that the research provides the foundation for practical remote control of CAR T cells on the near horizon.
The remote control strategy developed by Lim group may permit researchers to develop more powerful versions of CAR T cells that could attack these solid tumors,
and is an inexpensive lab on a chip. he current benchtop cell sorters are too expensive, too unsafe,
Because the device is built on a lab-on-a chip system, it is both compact and inexpensive about the size and cost of a cell phone in its current configuration.
Lung and Blood Institute of the National institutes of health, published their work in a recent issue of Lab on a Chip. ell sorting is used widely in many areas of biology to characterize
(or traffic) at the surface of a sensor, which drastically reduced the signal of our tests,
and limits the ability of this DNA to hybridize to its complementary strand located on the surface of a gold electrode.
explains that this novel signaling mechanism produces sufficient change in current to be measured using inexpensive electronics similar to those in the home glucose test meter used by diabetics to check their blood sugar.
Analyst firm Alite Group estimates that this vulnerability is adding up to $8 billion in incurred losses per year in the U s. Solutions have been proposeduch as integrated circuit cards and mobile wallets systems.
During the experiments, they used a bank application, cell phone application and magnetic credit card chip.
(or traffic) at the surface of a sensor, which drastically reduced the signal of our tests,
and limits the ability of this DNA to hybridize to its complementary strand located on the surface of a gold electrode.
explains that this novel signaling mechanism produces sufficient change in current to be measured using inexpensive electronics similar to those in the home glucose test meter used by diabetics to check their blood sugar.
#First Optical Rectenna Combined Rectifier and Antenna Converts Light to DC Current Using nanometer scale components,
a device that combines the functions of an antenna and a rectifier diode to convert light directly into DC current.
the carbon nanotubes act as antennas to capture light from the sun or other sources. As the waves of light hit the nanotube antennas,
they create an oscillating charge that moves through rectifier devices attached to them. The rectifiers switch on
and that is to me an opportunity to change the world in a very big waysaid Baratunde Cola, an associate professor in the George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical engineering at Georgia Tech. s a robust, high-temperature detector,
making the antennas small enough to couple optical wavelengths, and fabricating a matching rectifier diode small enough and able to operate fast enough to capture the electromagnetic wave oscillations.
But the potential of high efficiency and low cost kept scientists working on the technology. he physics and the scientific concepts have been said out there
enough to drive electrons out of the carbon nanotube antennas when they are excited by light. In operation, oscillating waves of light pass through the transparent calcium-aluminum electrode
and interact with the nanotubes. The metal-insulator-metal junctions at the nanotube tips serve as rectifiers switching on and off at femtosecond intervals,
allowing electrons generated by the antenna to flow one way into the top electrode. Ultra-low capacitance, on the order of a few attofarads, enables the 10-nanometer diameter diode to operate at these exceptional frequencies. rectenna is basically an antenna coupled to a diode
but when you move into the optical spectrum, that usually means a nanoscale antenna coupled to a metal-insulator-metal diode,
Cola explained. he closer you can get the antenna to the diode, the more efficient it is.
So the ideal structure uses the antenna as one of the metals in the diode
which is the structure we made. The rectennas fabricated by Cola group are grown on rigid substrates,
and made it a light sensor, says Catherine Drennan, a professor of chemistry and biology at MIT.
With the anticipated increase in batteries needed for electric vehicles and electronics, a cheaper and sustainable source to replace graphite is needed.
and capacity fades from electrode damage occurs from that point on. The mushroom carbon anode technology could,
Embedded Optical Sensors Could Make Robotic Hands More Dexterous Optical sensors may be suited uniquely for use in robotic hands,
according to Carnegie mellon University researchers who have developed a three-fingered soft robotic hand with multiple embedded fiber optic sensors.
They also have created a new type of stretchable optical sensor. By using fiber optics, the researchers were embed able to 14 strain sensors into each of the fingers in the robotic hand,
giving it the ability to determine where its fingertips are in contact and to detect forces of less than a tenth of a newton.
you need robotic hands that have more sensors than is said typical today Yong-Lae Park,
but even a state-of-the-art humanoid such as NASA Robonaut has only 42 sensors in its hand and wrist.
or force sensors is problematic because wiring can be complicated, prone to breaking and susceptible to interference from electric motors and other electromagnetic devices.
But a single optical fiber can contain several sensors; all of the sensors in each of the fingers of the CMU hand are connected with four fibers,
although, theoretically, a single fiber could do the job, Park said. And the optical sensors are impervious to electromagnetic interference.
The Carnegie mellon researchers will discuss the robotic hand, developed together with researchers at Intelligent Fiber optic Systems Corp.,with support from NASA, Sept. 29 at the IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS 2015, in Hamburg, Germany.
A report on the highly stretchable optical sensors will be presented Oct 1 at the same conference. f you want robots to work autonomously
you need robotic hands that have more sensors than is typical today. Yong-Lae Park Industrial robots, working in a controlled environment where people don venture,
are capable of extremely precise manipulation with only limited sensors. But as roboticists at CMU and elsewhere work to develop soft robots that can interact routinely and safely with humans,
The skeletal onesare 3-D-printed hard plastic and incorporate eight sensors for detecting force.
Each of the three sections is covered with a soft silicone rubber skin embedded with a total of six sensors that detect where contact has been made.
and Kevin Low, incorporates commercially available fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, which detect strain by measuring shifts in the wavelength of light reflected by the optical fiber.
Despite their advantages, conventional optical sensors don stretch much glass fibers stretch hardly at all and even polymer fibers stretch typically only 20-25 percent, Park noted.
Park has developed previously highly stretchable microfluidic soft sensors membranes that measure strain via liquid-conductor-filled channels
So Park, working with mechanical engineering students Celeste To from CMU and Tess Lee Hellebrekers from the University of Texas, invented a highly stretchable and flexible optical sensor, using a combination of commercially available silicone rubbers.
Park said this type of flexible optical sensor could be incorporated into soft skins. Such a skin would
#Scientists grow organic semiconductor crystals vertically for first time Our smartphones, tablets, computers and biosensors all have improved because of the rapidly increasing efficiency of semiconductors.
Since the turn of the 21st century, organic, or carbon-based, semiconductors have emerged as a major area of interest for scientists
because they are inexpensive, plentiful and lightweight, and they can conduct current in ways comparable to inorganic semiconductors,
which are made from metal-oxides or silicon. Now, materials scientists from the California Nanosystems Institute at UCLA have discovered a way to make organic semiconductors more powerful and more efficient.
Their breakthrough was in creating an improved structure for one type of organic semiconductor a building block of a conductive polymer called tetraaniline.
The scientists showed for the first time that tetraaniline crystals could be grown vertically. The advance could eventually lead to vastly improved technology for capturing solar energy.
Tetraaniline is a desirable material for semiconductors because of its particular electrical and chemical properties, which are determined by the orientation of very small crystals it contains.
because vertical crystals can be packed more densely in the semiconductor, making it more powerful and more efficient at controlling electrical current. hese crystals are analogous to organizing a table covered with scattered pencils into a pencil cup,
and that can mean smaller, more efficient personal electronics in the near future. Once Kaner and his colleagues found they could guide the tetraaniline solution to grow vertical crystals,
vertically aligned crystals for a variety of organic semiconductors using the same graphene substrate. he key was deciphering the interactions between organic semiconductors and graphene in various solvent environments,
he said. ou could make electronic devices from these semiconductor crystals and grow them precisely in intricate patterns required for the device you want, such as thin-film transistors or light-emitting diodes. a
#Medical device Breakthrough: UV LIGHT enabled catheter fixes holes in the heart without invasive surgery Researchers from Boston Children Hospital, the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard university,
and understand the intrinsic spin of electrons to advance nanoscale electronics is hampered by how hard it is to measure tiny, fast magnetic devices.
if perfected, could lead to a novel tabletop magnetic measurement technique and new, nanoscale electronic devices based on electrical spin, rather than charge.
An emerging field called spintronics explores the idea of using electron spin to control and store information using very low power.
Spintronics, the subject of the 2007 Nobel prize in Physics, is already impacting traditional electronics, which is based on the control of electron charge rather than spin. irect imaging is really hard to do,
Scientists have been unable to directly image magnetic motion in nanoscale spintronic devices without hugely expensive X-ray sources at national facilities.
#New technology enables people to take own blood samples at home A world-first prototype for taking accurate blood samples at home has been developed by a Tasmanian-led research partnership.
which is lost in fully digital display systems. It also retains the imaging environment familiar to surgeons,
#New graphene based inks for high-speed manufacturing of printed electronics A low-cost, high-speed method for printing graphene inks using a conventional roll-to-roll printing process,
including inexpensive printed electronics, intelligent packaging and disposable sensors. Developed by researchers at the University of Cambridge in collaboration with Cambridge-based technology company Novalia,
including printed electronics. Although numerous laboratory prototypes have been demonstrated around the world, widespread commercial use of graphene is yet to be realised. e are pleased to be the first to bring graphene inks close to real-world manufacturing.
and other similar materials. his method will allow us to put electronic systems into entirely unexpected shapes,
who could diversify into the electronics sector. he UK, and the Cambridge area in particular, has always been strong in the printing sector,
In addition to cheaper printable electronics, this technology opens up potential application areas such as smart packaging and disposable sensors,
#A New Type of Memristors for Less Rigid Computing Two IT giants, Intel and HP, have entered a race to produce a commercial version of memristors (the fourth basic component of electronic circuits alongside resistors,
capacitors and inductors) that could one day replace transistor-based flash memory, used in USB drives, SD cards and SSD hard drives. asically,
aims to use electronics in a way that mimics the way neurons process information in organic brains.
Similarly, liquid cooling for high-performance electronics also could be made more efficient by being able to control the rate of bubbling to prevent overheating in hotspots,
especially in the electronics cooling industry to cool hot spots. Such strategies can be applied effectively through simple electric controls using the new technology. g
#Bioengineers cut in half time needed to make high-tech flexible sensors Bioengineers at the University of California,
San diego, have developed a method that cuts down by half the time needed to make high-tech flexible sensors for medical applications.
The advance brings the sensors, which can be used to monitor vital signs and brain activity, one step closer to mass-market manufacturing.
It also makes it possible to manufacture the sensors with a process similar to the printing press
a bioengineering professor at the Jacobs School of engineering at UC San diego. Researchers describe their work in the journal Sensors. clinical need is
Their sensors have been used to monitor premature babies, pregnant women, patients in Intensive care units and patients suffering from sleep disorders.
Coleman and colleagues quickly found out that nurses wanted the sensors to come in a peel-and-stick form,
The medium on which the sensors were placed also needed to be approved FDA. The sensorsoriginal fabrication process involved 10 stepsive of which had to take place in a clean room.
Also, the steps to remove the sensors from the silicon wafer theye built on alone took anywhere from 10 to 20 minutes.
And the sensors remained fragile and susceptible to rips and tears. But what if you could use the adhesive properties of a Band aid-like medium to help peel off the sensors from the silicon wafer easily and quickly?
Wouldn that make the process much simplernd faster? That was the question that Dae Kang,
to easily remove the sensors, made of gold and chromium, from the silicon wafer. This was tricky work.
The coating had be sticky enough to allow researchers to build the sensors in the first place but loose enough to allow them to peel off the wafer. t a Goldilocks problem,
That means the sensors can be peeled off with any kind of adhesive, from scotch tape to a lint roller,
Coleman team also showed that the sensors could be fabricated on a curved, flexible film typically used to manufacture flexible printed circuits and the outside layer of spacesuits.
Researchers were able to easily peel off the sensors from the curved film without compromising their functioning.
In order to make the sensors more like peel off stickers researchers essentially had to build the sensors upside down
so that their functioning part would be exposed after they were removed from the wafer. This was key to allow for easy processing with a single peel off step.
Researchers also demonstrated that the sensors they built with the new fabrication process were functional.
They placed a sensor on a subject forehead and hooked it up to an electroencephalography machine.
The sensors were able to detect a special brain signal present only when the subject eyes were closed classic electroencephalogram testing procedure.
The researchers also demonstrated that these sensors are able to detect other electrical rhythms of the body
such as the heart electrical activity detected during an electrocardiogram or EKG e
#Bacterial hole puncher could be new broad-spectrum antibiotic Bacteria have many methods of adapting to resist antibiotics,
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