Or maybe the latest cooking gadget for zesting lemons. Or, perhaps, it's a secret weapon for X-men superhero Wolverine.
to find new active ingredients faster and more reliably, to prove the presence of environmental pollutants,
By way of comparison, the system can detect that one cube of sugar was dissolved in three million liters water,
The active ingredient in Spritam is levetiracetam, an existing anticonvulsant used to treat epilepsy that has been available as a generic in the U s. since 2008.
In a paper published in the journal Nature Geoscience, Dr. Alfred S. Mcewen and other scientists identified waterlogged molecules salts of a type known as perchlorates in readings from orbit. hat
a direct detection of water in the form of hydration of salts, Dr. Mcewen said. here pretty much has to have been liquid water recently present to produce the hydrated salt.
and found signs of hydrated salt at four locations. These salts, known as perchlorates, lower the freezing temperature of water.
But where is the water coming from? Chang quotes Mcewen: here are two basic origins for the water:
No individual ingredient had no effect on the cultures, but the combined liquid killed almost all the cells;
The idea was to create a system that could remove salt from water and meet three criteria:
The batteries then power a system that removes salt from the water through electrodialysis. On the most basic level, that means that dissolved salt particles,
removing salt from 2, 100 gallons of water each day. The next step is to test it in an even harsher environment,
Hundreds of thousands of people need food, water, shelter, or some combination of the three, not to mention the numerous people who desperately need medical care.
and B have an extra sugar molecule bound to the surface of their red blood cells --but a transfusion of the wrong blood type can be fatal.
all because it detects that sugar molecule. Now researchers from the University of British columbia have figured out a way to change the type of blood donated by volunteers,
by using an enzyme that simply snips off that extra sugar, called an antigen. The result:
a basic ingredient and precursor to producing opioids, over a 72 hour period and using sugar as a food source.
By further engineering the yeast they created hydrocodone, a common semisynthetic opioid. The final pathway that yielded the hydrocodone
including through food (this is how mad cow disease spreads). Many of the resulting diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-jakob disease (CJD), have long incubation periods but eventually lead to death.
containing the wrong dose or no active ingredient at all. This is especially an issue in the developing world.
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that it had approved the drug Imlygic to treat late-stage melanoma on the skin and lymph nodes.
Spiers was originally calling it the aptic Sandwich, but has leaned since more toward nimotus. According to Spiers, the next stages in design will be to refine the level of touch technology so the cube can communicate more effectively.
The scientists added all the ingredients to an aqueous solution. When irradiated with visible light, the mixture starts producing hydrogen.
The researchers discovered that heat-treating graphene oxide and small amounts of cobalt salts in a gaseous environment forced individual cobalt atoms to bind to the material.
the main ingredient of natural gas, at 35 to 65 times atmospheric pressure (500 to 900 psi),
#Researchers create transplantation model for 3-D printed constructs Using sugar, silicone and a 3-D printer,
Bioengineering graduate student Samantha Paulsen and research technician Anderson Ta worked together to develop a proof-of-concept construct small silicone gel about the size of a small candy gummy bearsing 3
It a technique pioneered by Miller in 2012nd inspired by the intricate sugar glass cages crafted by pastry chefs to garnish desserts.
Using an open-source 3-D printer that lays down individual filaments of sugar glass one layer at a time
Once the sugar hardened, they placed it in a mold and poured in silicone gel. After the gel cured, Miller team dissolved the sugar,
leaving behind a network of small channels in the silicone. hey don yet look like the blood vessels found in organs,
Auyeung said. he molten salts now being used to store solar thermal energy can only work at about 600 degrees centigrade,
state and tribal governments to reduce food loss and waste in order to improve overall food security and conserve our nation's natural resources."
but too much of this food goes to waste, "says Vilsack.""An average family of four leaves more than two million calories, worth nearly $1, 500, uneaten each year.
Our new reduction goal demonstrates America's leadership on a global level in in getting wholesome food to people who need it,
cutting environmental pollution and promoting innovative approaches for reducing food loss and waste.""According to the U s. Department of agriculture (USDA) and EPA, food loss and waste in the U s. accounts for approximately 31 percentr 133 billion poundsf the overall food supply available to retailers and consumers and has far-reaching
impacts on food security, resource conservation and climate change. Food loss and waste is single largest component of disposed U s. municipal solid waste,
and accounts for a significant portion of U s. methane emissions. Landfills are the third largest source of methane in the United states. Furthermore,
experts have projected that reducing food losses by just 15 percent would provide enough food for more than 25 million Americans every year,
helping to sharply reduce incidences of food insecurity for millions.""Let's feed people, not landfills.
By reducing wasted food in landfills, we cut harmful methane emissions that fuel climate change, conserve our natural resources,
. and we're proud to be part of a national effort to reduce the food that goes into landfills."
recover, and recycle food loss and waste. By the end of 2014, the U s. Food waste Challenge had over 4, 000 active participants,
In addition to the U s. Food waste Challenge, USDA has unveiled several food loss reduction initiatives over the past few years
including an app to help consumers safely store food and understand food date labels, new guidance to manufacturers on donating misbranded or sub-spec foods,
and research on innovative technologies to make reducing food loss and waste cost effective. USDA will build on these successes with additional initiatives targeting food loss and waste reduction throughout its programs and policies.
In addition, USDA is launching a new consumer education campaign through its Center for Nutrition policy and Promotion with information on food loss and waste facts and reduction tips.
Moreover, a new section on Choosemyplate. gov will educate consumers about reducing food waste to help stretch household budgets.
USDA and EPA will also continue to encourage the private sectorood service companies institutions, restaurants, grocery stores,
and moreo set their own aggressive goals for reducing food loss and waste in the months ahead.
Organizations such as the Consumer goods Forum, which recently approved a new resolution to halve food waste within the operations of its 400 retailer
#In a first, drug using 3d printing technology gets FDA nod The U s. Food and Drug Administration has approved,
which ones are bringing in the bacon and which ones are science projects and which ones are said long term bets
William Laurance, a professor at Australia James Cook University and another of the study co-authors
They can keep their food down, which can lead to vomiting or accidentally inhaling it into their lungs.
Eating while standing up can help dogs move food down their esophagus properly. That where the Bailey chair comes into play:
ranging from simple throat and skin infections to life-threatening invasive conditions such as necrotizing fasciitis (lesh-eating disease and toxic shock syndrome.
assistant professor of plastic and reconstructive surgery at at Washington University School of medicine in St louis."One of my patients told me he was able to pick up a noodle off his chest
It meant a lot for him to clean off that noodle without anyone helping him.""Soft nerve bundles form the human spinal cord,
This need is met using glucose (sugar) as the main source of nutrition. Cancer cells use glucose at rates tens or even hundreds of times larger than that of normal cells.
They found that some lung cancer cells change their food preferences-switching from glucose to the amino acid glutamine
-when sugar is scarce. The researchers found that cancer cells use an enzyme known as PEPCK to reprogram cancer cell metabolism."
They then increased this natural pressure sensitivity by indenting a waffle pattern into the thin plastic
they found that the mosquito-borne parasite that causes malaria also produces a protein that binds to a particular type of sugar molecule in the placenta.
Researchers found that the same type of sugar molecule also is present in many types of cancer.
They realized that the sugar molecule--oncofetal chondroitin sulfate--could be a target for anticancer drugs,
""This is an extraordinary finding that paves the way for targeting sugar molecules in pediatric and adulthood human cancer,
"This has been replaced with water as the solvent and lithium iodide as the salt, which offers low-cost, high-energy storage capabilities."
and we can have distributed food and fuel across the planet, he told Hall at the ABC
Berkeley in the US announced that they'd figured out how to make'homemade'heroin using a modified form of sugar-fed yeast
They discovered that a certain type of enzyme can turn glucose sugars into morphine and were able to successfully express it in a simple form of genetically engineered yeast.
The big challenge now will be figuring out how to replace these molecules with a raw material such as sugar to make the process cheap
Developed by a team of researchers at Alexandria University in Egypt, the procedure uses a desalination technique called pervaporation to remove the salt from sea water
"It can effectively desalinate water with high concentration of salt like that of the Red sea, where desalination costs more and yields less."
-when it's heated it's as malleable as chewing gum, but when it cools it's three times stronger than steel.
and track hydrated salts in these gullies-using an image spectrometer on the MRO, the NASA team has been able to link these salts to areas where the slope gullies
(or"linae")are at their largest, and that's the evidence they needed to suggest flowing water is the cause.
and grow food. If scientists can work out where the water is being stored or formed, then these sites would be prime candidates for landing spots on the first manned mission to the planet."
From a genetic perspective at least, the ingredient that helps make bread rise (and beer so compelling) shares more than a few things in common with you and
what you had for breakfast. A new type of sensor that can'sniff out'traces of ovarian cancer in a patient's breath has been developed by researchers in Israel,
such as healthy eating (recommended by 18.5 percent of anti-vaccination sites), and the benefits of breastfeeding (5. 5 percent) and eating organic food (5. 2 percent).
The study, presented this week at the American Public health Association annual meeting in Chicago, may help actual scientists such as doctors
#Solar cooling system keeps water at 9 degrees Celsius for up to three months Maintaining food in places where high temperatures prevail,
where she has achieve to maintain water at nine degrees Celsius"with that temperature we can cool food,
not only to cool foods. It may also serve as an air conditioning, for example, in communities like Tecali de Herrera, Puebla,
and the system could adapt well to preserve their foods and medicine, bringing them better quality of life,"
and his colleagues found that they could make large mixtures of biologically active compounds from a few chemical ingredients in just a few hours,
This work builds upon previous studies Zhang's team has done with xylose, the most abundant simple plant pentose sugar,
Unlike other hydrogen fuel production methods that rely on highly processed sugars, the Virginia Tech team used dirty biomass--the husks and stalks of corn plants--to create their fuel.
He also confirmed the ability of this system to use both sugars glucose and xylose at the same time,
Typically in biological conversions, these two sugars can only be used sequentially, not simultaneously which adds time and money to the process.
but also avoids complicated sugar flux regulation. The team also increased enzymatic generation rates. This reaction rate is fast enough for hydrogen production in distributed hydrogen-fueling stations.
when food is contaminated with deadly pathogens like E coli and Salmonella, and patients could soon receive real-time diagnoses of infections such as C. difficile right in their doctors'offices,
simple answer in the form of letters and symbols that appear on the test paper to indicate the presence of infection or contamination in people, food or the environment."
000 compounds from both the KU Chemical Methodologies and Library Development Center and the Food and Drug Administration in a process known as"High Throughput Screening,"hunting for compounds that obstruct Hur's interface with healthy
The sugars produced by these mothers, called"secretors,"are digested not by the infant, but instead nourish specific bacteria that colonize the babies'guts soon after birth.
which alters the composition of their breast milk sugars and changes how the microbial community, or microbiota, of their infants'guts develop.
"The research examining the differences in infant gut microbial populations arising from differences in human milk oligosaccharides (sugars),
Bifidobacterium are known to consume the 2'-fucosylated glycans (sugars) found in the breast milk of women with the fucosyltransferase 2 mammary gene.
The research was conducted using milk samples from 44 mothers in the UC Davis Foods for Health Institute Lactation Study and fecal samples from their infants at four different time points.
They also measured the amount and type of breast milk sugars left over in the infant's feces,
which can be as soft as jelly or as hard as rubber, to adhere to the metal electrodes.
Think of it as a self-heating pizza. Instead of an oven, you just plug the pizza into the wall
and it cooks itself.""Wardle says the carbon nanotube film is also incredibly lightweight: After it has fused the underlying polymer layers,
Both drugs have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The Phase 2, double-blind trial enrolled 142 patients with advanced melanoma who had received not prior therapy.
even impure metallic salts can be used as a raw material, which keeps the price low. VTT has demonstrated the practical functionality of its reactor by testing the production of various nanometals, metallic compounds and carbon-coated materials.
"such as analyzing food for poisons or baggage for drugs or explosives it is useful for the terahertz radiation to be as'broadband'as possible,"
for example, you might blame a new food you tried for an illness when in fact it was harmless,
if you do not eat your usual meal, you will get sick. Scientists have suspected long that one-shot learning involves a different brain system than gradual learning,
"L-arginine is a natural amino acid commonly found in red meat, poultry, fish and dairy products. It is manufactured also
#Sensor detects spoilage of food VTT has developed a sensor that detects ethanol in the headspace of a food package.
Ethanol is formed as a result of food spoilage. The sensor signal is wirelessly readable, for instance, by a mobile phone.
The sensor monitors ethanol emitted from the spoilage of foods into the headspace of a package.
The sensor transmits information about the freshness of the food in the package to the retailer or customer.
or sticker and be attached easily to a food package. The price of the sensor will then be low enough for use in food packages.
Using the sensor, it will be possible to control the food quality throughout the distribution chain and to prevent waste caused by spoilage.
More than 100 tonnes of food products end up in waste annually (estimation 2014) in Europe, and the amount will rise to 126 million tonnes in the year 2020 if nothing changes s
In recent years, scientists have developed organoid cell culture systems as an alternative approach to grow normal and diseased tissue in a dish.
in exchange for rewards in the form of sugar pellets. Like most humans, rats have a sweet tooth.
With time, rats learned to negotiate a trade-off between a small reward (1 sugar pellet) delivered immediately
and a large reward (4 sugar pellets) delivered after a delay. The researchers discovered that the average rat,
and helping regulate fats and sugars in the bloodstream. As these cells die off, they are replaced by healthy new hepatocytes.
These atoms form a thin, molecular sandwich with the one metal and two chalcogenides, and depending on their fabrication method can exist in several slightly different shaped atomic arrangements.
scientists have shown an unprecedented mechanism for how a natural antibiotic with antitumor properties incorporates sulfur into its molecular structure, an essential ingredient of its antitumor activity.
#Cheaper, faster, more accurate test to identify gene defects in heart patients For the subset of heart patients whose illness isn't caused by a lifetime of cigarettes, trans fats or high glycemic foods,
As evidence of this, Ray and colleagues showed that ants were quick to associate particular hydrocarbons with a sugar reward.
#Engineers'sandwich'atomic layers to make new materials for energy storage The scientists whose job it is to test the limits of what nature--specifically chemistry--will allow to exist, just set up shop on some new real estate on the Periodic table.
that can sandwich 2-D sheets of elements that otherwise couldn't be combined in a stable way.
which was validated by the laboratory of the Research center for Food and Development (CIAD). The study began in a laboratory of the University of Sinaloa,
and in particular the microencapsulated presentation, is antidiabetic by reducing the levels of sugar in the blood,
#Agricultural intervention improves HIV outcomes A multifaceted farming intervention can reduce food insecurity while improving HIV outcomes in patients in Kenya, according to a randomized,
and financial support, were able to increase the quantity and quality of food consumed. At the same time, their CD4 T-cell counts increased
these results prove the concept that improving food insecurity and alleviating poverty can affect HIV clinical outcomes,
240 million people are food insecure. Food insecurity increases the risk of becoming infected with HIV
and food insecure people with HIV are less able to take anti-HIV therapies, make clinic visits,
and have poorer nutritional status. Together, those issues make treating and preventing HIV more difficult, leading to sicker patients and more deaths.
food insecurity gets worse due to loss of economic activity and productivity, loss of social support due to HIV stigma and the costs of medical care."
"HIV/AIDS and food insecurity are intertwined in a vicious cycle, with each increasing vulnerability to and exacerbating the severity of the other,
and address food insecurity, poverty and disempowerment if we are to achieve the UNAIDS goal of ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic by 2030."
Producing food year round enables farmers to move from subsistence farming to commercial farming and also allows them to capture higher crop prices during the dry season,
The system, recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration, is the first and only recapturable
After the device was approved by the U s. Food and Drug Administration, Loyola became the first Illinois center to offer it outside of a clinical trial.
"In this paper, we demonstrated their efficacy on sugars, but one can envision applications of this concept with enzymes acting on other types of molecules such as lipids
Others break apart substrates into multiple products, such as ones that break down starch into sugars. Enzymes are used in a wide range of commercial applications,
such as the preparation of foods, dietary supplements, therapeutics and chemical materials. A major goal in biotechnology is to modify enzyme activity
One of its major uses is the production of short sugar chains that can serve as beneficial prebiotics.
This enzyme builds chains of sugar molecules by adding individual sugar units to existing chains.
However, its products are of varying length, leading low amounts of the desired short sugar chains.
The team set out to design a monobody that causes the enzyme to only act on small sugar chains.
and prevents it from accepting large sugars as a substrate--thereby forcing it to produce only short sugar chains."
"We were able to design one monobody that prevents beta-galactosidase from using certain sugars as starting material
On the other hand, cells in a dish lack the critical element of realistic 3-D structure.""This technique lets us produce simple components of tissue in a dish that we can easily study
and manipulate,"said Michael Todhunter, Phd, who led the new study with Noel Jee, Phd,
and so-called"variant"CJD in humans who subsequently consumed BSE-contaminated beef or other tissues.
"Unlike the danger of BSE from contaminated beef, the researchers stress that there is no apparent risk of infection by MSA prions outside of specialized medical or research settings.
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
Instead of sugars, however, synthetic photosynthesis seeks to produce liquid fuels that can be stored for months or years and distributed through existing energy infrastructure.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
Instead of sugars, however, synthetic photosynthesis seeks to produce liquid fuels that can be stored for months or years and distributed through existing energy infrastructure.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
"The key ingredient of our new formula is sorbitol, a common sugar alcohol,"reveals Miyawaki.""By combining sorbitol in the right proportion with urea, we could create transparent brains with minimal tissue damage,
when biodiesel is formed from vegetable oil, and convert this into an ingredient to produce even more biodiesel.
It is believed this new process will have significant environmental benefits by improving the yield of biodiesel in a sustainable way that doesn't require the use of additional fossil fuels
"The molecules are stacked like dishes in a dish rack, "Furis explains, "these stacked molecules--this dish rack--is the electron superhighway."
a particularly complex BMC that requires a series of protein-protein interactions involving at least six gene products to form a metabolic core that takes CO2 out of the atmosphere and converts it into sugar.
Customizable viruses The Food and Drug Administration has approved a handful of bacteriophages for treating food products,
or disinfecting food, as well as treating human disease. Another advantage of this approach is that all of the phages are based on an identical genetic scaffold,
In the USA, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has designated it as a breakthrough therapy,
The group measured flows of five different salt ions through several graphene sheet setups by applying a voltage and measuring the current flowing through the pores.
The ratio of the ingredients can be adjusted to control the liquid's properties, allowing the carrier solvent to be mixed easily into a conventional conductive water-based ink to significantly reduce the resistance.
"We like to envision DNA as a plate of food, and our molecules as salt and pepper shakers:
We change the flavor of the DNA PROBE by salting it with a little more stoichiometry or peppering it with a little more of the protector."
#Genome-edited plants, without DNA The public and scientists are at odds over the safety of genetically modified (GM) food.
According to a January 2015 Pew Research center report, only 37%of the public believe that GM foods are safe
Currently European union GMO regulations don't allow for food with added DNA. Since the Cas9 RNP technique does not use DNA,
and create heartier crops in foods like tomatoes and lettuce. The application of the Cas9 RNP gene editing technique could be the next step in ending food shortages s
In 2002, the Japanese cryptographer Tsutomu Matsumoto showed that imitation fingerprints made cheaply from gelatin,
Currently, no durable, long-term right ventricular assist device (RVAD) has received Food and Drug Administration approval,
"The magnets are the defining ingredient in their 3-D printing technology. Erb initially described their role in the composite-making process in a 2012 paper in the journal Science.
When confronted with a DNA stew, like the one from the water samples in Rifle, scientists use substances called primers to draw out
about as wide as a pizza. Openings around the edge channel sound through 36 passages towards a microphone in the middle.
a key malaria-drug ingredient that was derived previously from trees (see Reuters story of August 12, 2014, http://reut. rs/1j2ovkj).
The scientists said they altered the yeast's genetic make-up in a way that coaxed the cells to convert sugar into two opioids-hydrocodone and thebaine-in three to five days."
Smolke's team inserted DNA into the yeast that encodes instructions for the cells to make the enzymes necessary to perform the sugar conversion steps.
safe light source powered by salt and water, which can last for up to six months when used for eight hours a day.
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