Microscopythe Microscopy business group at ZEISS is the world's only manufacturer of light, X-ray and electron microscopes.
The product range includes light and laser scanning microscopes, X-ray microscopes, electron and ion microscopes and spectrometer modules.
Users are supported for software for system control, image capture and editing. The Microscopy business group has sales companies in 33 countries.
STORM overcomes the diffraction limit that normally restricts the spatial resolution of conventional microscopes and enables us to precisely define the chromatin fibre structure states Prof.
if we want to see an object smaller than the wavelength of visible light, we cannot use conventional optics.
The photographic"slices"are recombined then using clever holography software that digitally"stains"the cells, labeling its different parts.
publishing their invention in Nature Photonics s
#Real-time Nanoscale Images of Lithium Dendrite Structures That Degrade Batteries Scientists at the Department of energy Oak ridge National Laboratory have captured the first real-time nanoscale images of lithium dendrite structures known to degrade lithium
California, has developed a miniaturized sensor based on Raman spectroscopy that can quickly and accurately detect or diagnose substances at a molecular level. ur system can do chemistry, biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, clinical diagnosis,
without much human intervention. he technology is enhanced based on surface Raman spectroscopy, a technique for molecular fingerprinting.
and Applied materials. ee also leveraging all the knowledge in lasers and optics for this specific Raman-based method. hebi calls Optokey product a iochemical nose,
The key discovery that led to the formation of Optokey was the development of the nanoplasmonic resonators to dramatically improve the signal and reliability of Raman spectroscopy.
Besides Chen, the other cofounder is Richard Mathies, a UC Berkeley chemistry professor and world-renowned expert on Raman spectroscopy.
#Dresden Nanoscope Combines Microscopy and Ultra-Fast Spectroscopy for Precise Filming of Dynamic Processes To gain even deeper insights into the smallest of worlds,
near-field optical microscopy and ultra-fast spectroscopy. Computer-assisted technology developed especially for this purpose combines the advantages of both methods
microscopy and ultra-fast spectroscopy. It enables unaltered optical measurements of extremely small, dynamic changes in biological, chemical or physical processes.
in which laser light is irradiated on a ultra-thin metal point. This creates highly bundled light a hundred times smaller than the wavelength of light,
which otherwise represents the limit of"normaloptics with lenses and mirrors. n principle, we can use the entire wavelength spectrum of near-field microscopy,
from ultraviolet to the terahertz range, says Dr. Susanne Kehr from the TU Dresden. he focused light delivers energy to the sample,
By observing the back-scattered portion of the laser light one can achieve a spatial resolution in the order of the near-field magnitude, that is, in the nanometer range.
Using ultra-fast spectroscopy is the crucial tool, on the other hand, enabling scientists to study dynamic processes on short timescales and with extreme sensitivity.
The principle in such pump-probe experiments that function, for example, with light, pressure or electric field pulses is as follows:
Universal in every respectith our nanoscope considerable wavelength coverage, dynamic processes can be studied with the best suited wavelengths for the specific process under study.
Our colleagues at the Freie Universität Berlin have, for example, the ambitious dream of tracking structural changes during the photocycle of an individual membrane protein at specific wavelengthes in the infrared spectrum,
The probe pulse wavelengths can, in principle, reach from the low terahertz range to the ultraviolet range.
The sample can be stimulated with laser, pressure, electric field or magnetic field pulses. The principle was tested at the HZDR on a typical laboratory laser as well as on the free-electron laser FELBE.
First tests on the new terahertz source TELBE which provides extremely short electric and magnetic field pulses for excitation,
Hybrid approaches such as ours bring together multiple capabilities, in this case, spectroscopy and high-resolution microscopy. Rubye Farahi Closer observation of the new hybrid microscope reveals a photonic module
Furthermore, the microscope modular aspect allows several radiation sources such as non-coherent monochromatic or polychromatic sources and tunable lasers,
As brighter and more powerful light sources come online researchers are devising new ways to overcome these limitations.
its routine practical realization has only now become feasible with the advent of modern X-ray light sources.
This novel reconstruction method plays a central role in mapping out the strengths of fluctuation scattering as a routine biophysical technique. vercoming the Limitations of Traditional Imagingwith advances in light source technology,
diffraction can be done in a many different ways. If particles can be organized into sufficiently large crystals,
As an alternative and complementary technique, structural biologists often gather diffraction patterns from particles in solution. However, in these so called small-and wide-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) experiments
One solution to overcome the limitations of SAXS/WAXS is to build faster and brighter light sources that can ake a picturefar quicker than this rotational diffusion time.
This is the promise of new DOE facilities relying on free electron lasers (FEL), such as the Linac Coherent light Source (LCLS) at Stanford.
Extracting additional angular correlation information through a technique known as fluctuation X-ray scattering (FXS) has been suggested in order to reconstruct more structural details of the imaged object.
which measures diffraction intensities and only requires recovering the missing complex phases, inverting FXS data requires the recovery of the three-dimensional intensity information as well.
including work at synchrotron light sources and nanoscience research centers. OE light sources offer a rich environment for tackling wonderful math problems whose solutions can make a major impact on fast moving sciencesays Sethian. ombining Zwart insight into the problem with Donatelli
background in harmonic analysis and iterative phasing algorithms set the stage for a new way to think about reconstruction from FXS data. he Future of FXSBEAMTIME at the LCLS was awarded recently to the authors as part of a large multi-institutional collaboration to collect FXS data
but this is an important breakthrough. he researchers emphasize that FXS data may also be collected using an ultrabright synchrotron light source from particles cryogenically frozen in place.
The National institutes of health recently awarded Zwart and coworkers a new detector for the development of this method on synchrotron light sources. ecent advances in detectors,
says Steven Kevan, Deputy Director for Science at the Berkeley Lab Advanced Light source (ALS). e are looking forward to the development of this technique at the Advanced Light source. he researchers note that
although the method they developed has been applied on problems specific to the life sciences, it can be extended to other applications in material and energy sciences as well.
The experiments, at the Linac Coherent light Source (LCLS) X-ray laser at the Department of energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
They used a robotic system developed at SSRL to study the crystals at SLAC's LCLS, an X-ray laser that is one of the brightest sources of X-rays on the planet.
whose spatial resolution surpasses a theoretical limit imposed by the wavelength of light, offering extraordinary visual detail of structures inside cells.
while it is illuminated by a pattern of light (more like a bar code than the light from a lamp).
Several different light patterns are applied, and the resulting moiré patterns are captured from several angles each time by a digital camera.
and the fact that it took so much less light than the other methods, "Betzig says.
then a wave of light is used to deactivate most of them. After exposure to the deactivating light,
only molecules at the darkest regions of the light wave continue to fluoresce. These provide higher frequency information
What's more, the repeated light exposure damages cells and their fluorescent labels.""The problem with this approach is that you first turn on all the molecules,
A new pattern of light is used to deactivate molecules, and additional information is read out of their deactivation.
The combined effect of those patterns leads to final images with 62-nanometer resolution--better than standard SIM and a threefold improvement over the limits imposed by the wavelength of light."
25 nm is typical nowhere near the wavelength limit, according to the research team. Electron microscopies cannot simultaneously achieve high spatial and temporal resolution.
short wavelength light sources fill the critical need for metrology to bridge this gap. As an example,
although the Ruby laser was demonstrated first 55 years ago (which emitted coherent beams in the red region of the spectrum at 694 nm),
the shortest wavelength laser in widespread use is the excimer laser around 193 nm. This means that in 55 years
the wavelength of widely accessible lasers has been reduced by less than a factor of 4. The University of Colorado work employs coherent,
or laser-like, beams of EUV light with wavelength at 30 nm nearly an order of magnitude shorter that the excimer, achieving very high-contrast images with a resolution of 40 nm laterally
The team deep-ultraviolet and EUV laser-like source technology could be used for defect detection or other nanometrology applications either as a stand-alone solution or as an inline tool.
Senior Science Director of Nanomanufacturing Materials and Processes at SRC. he resolution will only continue to improve as the illumination wavelengths decrease. w
these then switch the particlesstate when light is shined on them. According to the group research, which recently appeared in Nature Chemistry,
In the version of the photoresponsive molecule employed by Klajn and his group, absorbing light switches the molecule to a form that is more acidic.
and disperse in the light. This means that any nanoparticles that respond to acid a much larger group than those that respond to light can now potentially be manipulated into self-assembly.
By using light a favored means of generating nanoparticle self-assembly to control the reaction,
wo Institute scientists, Ernst Fischer and Yehuda Hirshberg, were the first to demonstrate the light-responsive behavior of spiropyrans in 1952.
Now, 63 years after the first demonstration of its light-responsive properties, we are using the same simple molecule for another use, entirely,
"We're good at generating electrons from light efficiently, but chemical synthesis always limited our systems in the past.
#Translational Grant for Interaction Study of Laser radiation with Circulating Tumor Cells and Melanin Nanoparticles University of Arkansas for Medical sciences (UAMS) researcher Vladimir Zharov, Ph d.,D. Sc.
This technology uses a special laser that penetrates through the skin and superficial veins and can heat the natural melanin nanoparticles in melanoma circulating tumor cells (CTCS).
He also has developed technology using lasers to destroy the CTCS as they are identified with the photoacoustic methods.
This can improve the detection of CTCS by 1000-fold. he goal of this translational research grant is for patients to benefit from the knowledge obtained during our study of the interaction of laser radiation with circulating tumor cells and nanoparticles
Zharov said. any years ago we discovered that laser-induced high local temperature can evaporate liquid surrounding light-absorbing nanoparticles
and mechanically kills CTCS so that it requires just a few laser pulses or even a single pulse without harmful effects on normal cells.
His team will use new high-pulse-rate lasers, which are focused small tiny ultrasound transducers that convert physical qualities into an electrical signal.
These lasers will be combined with an ultrafast signal acquisition algorithm to increase the sensitivity and minimize errors in perception due to motion that may be induced by patient hand movements.
laser and nanotechnological methods to increase diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency. The researchers also discovered that many standard medical procedures especially vigorous manipulation of the tumor,
Zharov team has demonstrated already that laser-induced nanobubbles significantly decrease the level of CTCS, leading to a decrease in the chances of cancer spreading to other organs. urther study could determine
Optical approaches cannot resolve objects below certain wavelength limits, while non-optical approaches like electron microscopy (EM) can only study nonliving cells.
which at less than 200 nanometers (nm) in size fall below the wavelength limit of what is observable using visible light.
However EM carries with it significant limits, including the fact that it does not work on living cells.
SIM uses a laser-generated field of horizontal lines to project an interference pattern onto a sample.
Partly, this blind spot is due to the limits of optical microscopes, which can only see objects that are larger than the wavelengths of light with
which they are viewed. A common alternative, electron microscopes, can see much smaller objects, but do not work on living cells.
2015, a team of researchers from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research and the University of Colorado Boulder combined two optical systems in a new way to get around the natural limits of optical microscopes.
One, called structured illumination microscopy (SIM), makes laser-based interference patterns that change based on what they interact with,
doubling the resolution of optical microscopes. The other, single-particle averaging (SPA), brings tiny objects and their locations into sharper focus by averaging many images into one"typical"picture.
The new material, produced by grain boundary lithography, solves that problem, he said. In addition to Ren, other researchers on the project included Chuan Fei Guo and Ching-Wu"Paul"Chu, both from UH;
The grain boundary lithography involved a bilayer lift off metallization process, which included an indium oxide mask layer and a silicon oxide sacrificial layer and offers good control over the dimensions of the mesh structure.
an element used in incandescent light bulbs. As the sample was tilted 62 times, the researchers were able to slowly assemble a 3-D model of 3, 769 atoms in the tip of the tungsten sample.
#New Nanosheet-Based Photonic crystal Changes Color in Response to Moisture LMU chemists have developed a photonic crystal from ultrathin nanosheets
Unparalleled sensitivity and response time Photonic crystals are arranged periodically nanostructures which have the ability to reflect, guide and confine light.
Lotsch and her team have developed now photonic crystals based on nanosheets of phosphatoantimonic acid. The new nanomaterial is extremely moisture sensitive and at the same time chemically stable,
antenna-rectifier diodes that convert light into DC current, have been built using multiwall carbon nanotubes with integrated nanoscale rectifiers.
The produced optical rectennas hold promise as photodetectors that do not require cooling and energy harvesters that could be used for conversion of waste heat to electricity.
Rectennas, developed in the 1960s and 1970s, have functioned at very short wavelengths of 10 m. Since then,
researchers have been trying to create devices at optical wavelengths with great difficulty. The antennas had to be sufficiently small enough for coupling optical wavelengths
and the rectifier diode had to have the ability to operate rapidly to capture electromagnetic wave oscillations.
However, the low cost and potential high efficiency of a rectenna capable of capturing visible light caused researchers to continue their study.
-Prof Baratunde Cola, Georgia Tech The team employed nanoscale fabrication techniques alongside metallic multiwall carbon nanotubes to build devices that utilized light's wave nature rather than its particle nature.
which is sufficient for ejecting electrons out of the carbon nanotube antennas upon the absorption of visible light Light in the form of oscillating waves interacts with nanotubes after going through the calcium-aluminum electrode.
however the team aims to grow rectennas on foil or other suitable materials for developing flexible photodetectors and solar cells.
the Advanced Light source.""I had a lot of questions, and I read a ton of papers in the field,
The material reacts to the humidity change within a few milliseconds This is a property that is fundamentally well known and characteristic of so-called photonic crystals.
which generates a light signal. The sensor does need not to be activated chemically and is rapid-acting within five minutes-enabling the targeted antibodies to be detected easily, even in complex clinical samples such as blood serum."
and regulate the exchange of light, heat, and moisture. They thus play a special role in nature and technology.
An optical trap is created by a highly focused laser beam and can be used to hold or move miniscule objects.
scattered light and thermal noise. The tiny plastic sphere, the probe, appears to move in a chaotic manner inside the light trap due to the so-called thermal noise.
This displacement is detected by the laser beam scattered at the probe. In this way, the three-dimensional position of the probe is measured one million times per second."
so that the laser beam can jump a step forward for a millisecond, "explains Rohrbach.""Once there, the probe records the scattered light from the surface
and subtracts it. But before the probe can escape, the laser beam has trapped it again.""Among other things, the Freiburg researchers have used their technique to scan bacteria,
which have tiny protrusions on their surface. These so-called pili probably play a role in the communication between bacteria.
and provides excellent time response. aving heard that SUNY Poly CNSE leading-edge researchers are deeply involved with photonics-based sensors,
Nanoparticles with sizes the order of a wavelength interact with light in specific ways. A young investigator group at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, led by Professor Martina Schmid,
since less light is absorbed. And if the active layer is thinner than one micrometer, an additional problem arises:
Albert Polman, one of the pioneers in the field of nanophotonics, at the Center for Nanooptics
the idea was that they would act as light traps and increase absorption in the CIGSE layer.
%Light trapping and prevention of charge carrier losshis leads to efficient light trapping and does not deteriorate the cell,
which also includes an LED light source, power supply, control unit, optical system and image sensor, cost less than $3, 000 to construct.
#Innovative Light-Sensing System Reconstructs Human Postures Continuously and Unobtrusively A Dartmouth College team has created the first light-sensing system that reconstructs human postures continuously
and unobtrusively, furthering efforts to create smart spaces in which people control their environment with simple gestures.
and her team have created the first light-sensing system that reconstructs human postures continuously and unobtrusively.
but advances in visible light communication (VLC) add a new dimension to the list: data communication. VLC encodes data into light intensity changes at a high frequency imperceptible to human eyes.
or gym that takes the advantage of the ubiquity of light as a medium that integrates data communication and human sensing.
Smart devices such as smart glasses, smart watches and smartphones equipped with photodiodes communicate using VLC.
or any on-body devices or sensors that users have to constantly wear or carry, just LED LIGHTS on the ceiling and photodiodes on the floor.
They built the-first-of-its-kind light sensing testbed in the Dartnets lab using off-the-shelf LED LIGHTS, photodiodes, and microcontrollers.
Lisense uses shadows created by the human body from blocked light and reconstructs 3-D human skeleton postures in real time.
First, multiple lights on the ceiling lead to diminished and complex shadow patterns on the floor,
so they designed light beacons enabled by VLC to separate light rays from different light sources
they designed an algorithm to reconstruct human postures using 2-D shadow information with a limited resolution collected by photodiodes embedded in the floor."
"Imagine a future where light knows and responds to what we do. We can naturally interact with surrounding smart objects such as drones
and smart appliances and play games, using purely the light around us. It can also enable a new,
and their design was done traditionally by manufacturing but now, with 3d printing, computer manufacturing and more laser technology,
Bluetooth technology uses electromagnetic radiation to transmit data, however these radio signals do not easily pass through the human body
But the fibrils that are believed to be most harmful are too tiny to be seen using an optical microscope.
so that light can now go through.""This disturbance on the membrane--the imprint of the protein fibers--is transmitted down through the liquid crystal film,
so that it is large enough to be seen in polarized light with a simple optical microscope. Microscopic bright spots Seen through the microscope,
The problem with light is that it cannot penetrate through tissues-it is scattered very quickly.
"although this term had already been applied to the idea of combining ultrasound scans with genetic tests for prenatal diagnosis."Light-based techniques are great for some uses and
Suppression of CEACAM20 functions via dephosphorylation was suggested to contribute to preventing colitis. By shedding light on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of the intestinal epithelial cells, Prof.
which generates a light signal. The sensor does need not to be activated chemically and is rapid-acting within five minutes-enabling the targeted antibodies to be detected easily, even in complex clinical samples such as blood serum."
The research shines a light on what happens to cells at the moment they become cancerous. The research and preclinical trial results were published this month as an open access article in EBIOMEDICINE,
Femtosecond time-resolved laser spectroscopy is a technique traditionally applied to study chemical reactions as they occur on a molecular level.
The laser takes a series of rapid"snapshots"of molecules as they interact and change structure over time.
which integrats the ultrafast laser with molecular biology and cell biology. Professor Lu has applied the tool to understand the molecular mechanisms that cause cancer at the very moment
because it sheds new light onto how the functional properties of the enzyme can manifest in disease.
Now, researchers from MIT and the Federal University of Goias in Brazil have developed a new technique that uses ultraviolet (UV LIGHT to extract man-made pollutants from soil and water.
With the help of nanoparticles and UV LIGHT removal of these toxins could be less expensive and time-consuming than current methods.
and colleagues stumbled upon the idea of using UV LIGHT while they were initially designing photosensitive polymers for drug delivery applications.
Once they came up with a polymer that responded to UV LIGHT, they realized that this did not permeate well through skin
therefore asked ourselves in which infrastructures UV LIGHT was used already, Bertrand told Laboutlook. Knowing that UV radiation is used for removing bacteria from water,
when you shine UV LIGHT on them, the water-loving part is separated from the water-fearing part.
#A Natural light Switch MIT scientists, working with colleagues in Spain, have discovered and mapped a light-sensing protein that uses Vitamin b12 to perform key functions,
benefit from knowing whether they are in light or darkness. The photoreceptors bind to the DNA in the dark,
such as the engineering of light-directed control of DNA transcription, or the development of controlled interactions between proteins. would be interested very in thinking about
ALK-positive NSCLC is often found in younger people who have a light or nonsmoking history.
#Researchers Learn How To Steer The Heartith Light, University of Oxford Study Researchers learn how to steer the heart--with light We depend on electrical waves to regulate the rhythm of our heartbeat.
When those signals go awry, the result is a potentially fatal arrhythmia. Now, a team of researchers from Oxford and Stony Brook universities has found a way to precisely control these waves-using light.
Their results are published in the journal Nature Photonics on 19 october. Both cardiac cells in the heart and neurons in the brain communicate by electrical signals,
and being able to get the light to desired locations. However, as gene therapy moves into the clinic
"In light of the overwhelming impact of spinal cord injury, new therapeutic interventions for drug discovery and cell therapy are needed urgently."
which also includes an LED light source, power supply, control unit, optical system, and image sensor, cost less than $3, 000 to construct.
In response to this problem the engineers developed a visibly transparent overlay more technically a silica photonic crystal overlay that increases solar cell efficiency by radiating the heat of cells away from them much like how we naturally radiate heat from our bodies to prevent overheating.
which is designed to maximise the radiating of heat, in the form of infrared light, out and away from the cell into space.
In this regard they point toward employing nanoprint lithography a common technique for producing nanometer scale patterns in larger quantities to produce silica overlays.
Lidar and radar to collect information about objects that surround the car. It does this by examining the height of objects it may think are compared cyclists with the average height of cyclists it has identified previously.
including radar, a laser and cameras, to make turns and negotiate its way around pedestrians and other vehicles.
A combination of radar, lasers and cameras sitting on top of the roof give the car a 360-degree'view,
It was worked Maxwell who out in the 1870s that light exerts a force on any surface it hits,
when lasers were fired into their Emdrive chamber, some of them travelled aster than the speed of light suggesting it could power a craft at the same velocity.
when put under a UV LIGHT. The rubbing broke the balance in the side chains of the molecules,
'Under ambient light you cannot see the emission normally.''At high temperatures around 100°C (212°F) when the molecules moved freely,
and erase luminescent information also suggests the potential for use in computer memory that encodes information with light rather than magnetism g
CA.'The light was green, but traffic was backed up on the far side, so three cars, including ours,
friendly looking prototype-his young son thinks it looks like a koala because of the nose-like black laser on the front-is a good bridge between the company's current test fleet of 20 specially outfitted Lexus SUVS
The prototype cars-assembled in suburban Detroit by Roush Industries-have the same array of radars, lasers and cameras as Google's fleet of Lexus SUVS,
when a cyclist ran a red light. Another car, driven by a human, went ahead and nearly hit the cyclist.
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