and 666ma/g (1c) for voltages of 0 to 3v over 50 cycles (Fig. 2). In addition electronic and structural changes were analyzed microscopically by TEM/STEM/EELS and 57fe MÓ§ssbauer spectroscopy.
#Nanoparticles could provide easier route for cell therapy UT Arlington physics researchers may have developed a way to use laser technology to deliver drug and gene therapy at the cellular level without damaging surrounding tissue.
the team paired crystalline magnetic carbon nanoparticles and continuous wave near-infrared laser beams for in
and Mohanty used a 50 to 100 milliwatt laser and the same carbon nanoparticle, which absorbs the beam,
continuous wave near-infrared laser and the nanoparticle to permeate the cell membrane without killing the cells.
Scientists looking to create a path into the cell without employing a virus also have experimented with using UV-visible light laser beams alone.
A significant advantage of the new method is that the near-infrared light absorption of the nanoparticle can be used to selectively amplify interaction of low power laser with targeted tissue
and"laser induced-damage to non-targeted cells along the irradiation path can be avoided, "the report says.
including Organic light Emitting Diodes (OLEDS), digital circuits, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, sensors, wearable electronics, and flash memory devices.
With the aid of a special prototype setup at the PSI's Swiss Light source (SLS) the researchers have achieved now a 3d resolution of sixteen nanometres on a nanoporous glass test sample
For many years, X-ray tomography has been conducted at various synchrotron light sources, such as The swiss Light source at the PSI.
This kind of imaging involves screening the object from different directions with X-ray light in such a way that a fluoroscopic image a so-called radiograph is generated each time
By measuring exactly in which directions how much and also how little light is scattered, the structures of the sample can be deduced.
and are now becoming used at many synchrotron light sources all over the world. This world record was achieved on an instrument that is"really only a prototype,
As part of the study, the scientists examined the different configurations of the nanoparticles on top of the liquid layer using x-ray scattering at Brookhaven's National Synchrotron Light source (NSLS.
This new form of solid stable light-sensitive nanoparticles called colloidal quantum dots could lead to cheaper and more flexible solar cells as well as better gas sensors infrared lasers infrared light emitting diodes and more.
-and p-type layers simultaneously not only boosts the efficiency of light absorption it opens up a world of new optoelectronic devices that capitalize on the best properties of both light and electricity.
The sensors developed by the Cambridge team are made using laser light, which organises metal nanoparticles into alternating layers in thin gel films to produce the sensors in a matter of seconds.
The use of lasers means that the sensors can be manufactured easily at scale.""These sensors can be used to screen for diabetes in resource-poor countries,
Such a device requires efficient light-absorbing materials that attract and hold sunlight to drive the chemical reactions involved in water splitting.
Now Caltech researchers at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) have devised a method for protecting these common semiconductors from corrosion even as the materials continue to absorb light efficiently.
Each half-reaction requires both a light-absorbing material to serve as the photoelectrode and a catalyst to drive the chemistry.
Historically it has been particularly difficult to come up with a light-absorbing material that will robustly carry out the oxidation half-reaction.
and numerous techniques for coating the common light-absorbing semiconductors. The problem has been that if the protective layer is too thin the aqueous solution penetrates through
but also blocks the semiconductor from absorbing light and keeps electrons from passing through to reach the catalyst that drives the reaction.
The work appears to now make a slew of choices available as possible light-absorbing materials for the oxidation side of the water-splitting equation.
These minuscule particles are very effective at turning light into electricity and vice versa. Since the first progress toward the use of quantum dots to make solar cells Bawendi says The community in the last few years has started to understand better how these cells operate and
Buloviä#the Fariborz Maseeh Professor of Emerging Technology and associate dean for innovation in MIT's School of engineering explains that thin coatings of quantum dots allow them to do what they do as individuals to absorb light very well
and Synthesis of 3d Nanostructures in the Quantum Electronics and Photonics Division is that if you deform them even a little bit
Using the nanowire tip as a light source by doping it so that it functions as an LED.
and scientists are already using lasers to illuminate nanoscale samples during AFM scans. The problem with that approach says veteran NSMM researcher Pavel Kabos of the Advanced High-frequency Devices Program in PML's Electromagnetics Division is that the laser has to shine in from the side.
As a result you get cast shadows and significant uncertainty as to exactly what area is being illuminated.
And of course the laser and its mounting take up a great deal of space. With the new design the illumination will be applied directly over the probe tip at the same place on the sample that is being exposed to the microwave signal.
That could be particularly beneficial in characterizing photovoltaic materials where you could apply a light
and the nanoscale light source enables you to inject some carriers very locally in a way you can't do with other methods.
a red light means the reaction works. Next, they tried the enzyme system and found that it worked just the same as a cellular enzyme cascade.
using light instead of sound waves for detection.""The problem is the scattering and absorbing qualities of tumour tissue can be quite similar to healthy tissue,
because the test requires a high scattering of light at about 850 nanometres for good image contrast."
"Ultraviolet spectroscopy was used on the silica-gold core-shell nanoparticles made by Mr Duczynski to better understand their optical properties, such as extinction, scattering and absorption.
or a home where the dry wall and siding store the electricity that runs the lights and appliances.
"We wanted to develop selective layers that absorb light well and that are less toxic than chromium.
#Using light to identify chiral molecules for pharmaceuticals A combination of nanotechnology and a unique twisting property of light could lead to new methods for ensuring the purity and safety of pharmaceuticals.
A direct relationship between the way in which light is twisted by nanoscale structures and the nonlinear way in
which it interacts with matter could be used to ensure greater purity for pharmaceuticals, allowing for'evil twins'of drugs to be identified with much greater sensitivity.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have used this relationship, in combination with powerful lasers and nanopatterned gold surfaces
combining a unique twisting property of light with frequency doubling to identify different chiral forms of molecules with extremely high sensitivity,
The sensing mechanism, designed by Dr Ventsislav Valev and Professor Jeremy Baumberg from the Cavendish Laboratory, in collaboration with colleagues from the UK and abroad, uses a nanopatterned gold surface in combination with powerful lasers.
The way in which the light is twisted by the molecules results in chiroptical effects, which are typically very weak.
By using powerful lasers however, second harmonic generation (SHG) chiroptical effects emerge, which are typically three orders of magnitude stronger.
creating blue light from red. Recently, another major step towards increasing chiroptical effects came from the development of superchiral light a super twisty form of light.
The researchers identified a direct link between the fundamental equations for superchiral light and SHG
Combining superchiral light and SHG could yield record-breaking effects, which would result in very high sensitivity for measuring the chiral purity of drugs.
Just as a glass lens can be used to focus sunlight to a certain spot, these plasmonic nanostructures concentrate incoming light into hotspots on their surface,
Due to the presence of optical field variations, it is in these hotspots that superchiral light
"By using nanostructures, lasers and this unique twisting property of light, we could selectively destroy the unwanted form of the molecule,
and precisely controlled micromirrors to shine light on a selected area of a solution containing photosensitive biopolymers and cells.
#Graphene photonics breakthrough promises fast-speed low-cost communications Swinburne researchers have developed a high-quality continuous graphene oxide thin film that shows potential for ultrafast telecommunications.
Associate professor Baohua Jia led a team of researchers from Swinburne's Centre for Microphotonics to create a micrometre thin film with record-breaking optical nonlinearity suitable for high performance integrated photonic devices used in all-optical communications, biomedicine
and photonic computing.""Such a laser patternable highly nonlinear thin film, about one hundredth of a human hair, has not been achieved by any other material,
"Professor Jia said. Graphene is derived from carbon, the fourth most abundant element on earth. It has many useful properties,
Using a laser as a pen they created microstructures on the graphene oxide film to tune the nonlinearity of the material."
on which everything can be fabricated with laser and then it is automatically integratable.""Current manufacturing methods in semiconductor labs require expensive cleanrooms to fabricate photonic chips.
The fabrication and laser writing of this photonic material is simple and low cost.""Using this new method,
we have demonstrated the possibility of manufacturing a scalable and cheap material, "Professor Jia said. The research is published in Advanced Materials.
and the Colorado School Of mines it uses a laser vibrometer and a sonic beam to identify how the bomb's casing vibrates.
Mix it w/laser tag in a pre-built arena. Paint the environment however you want it to look to match the geometry of the playing field in reality.
if implemented with something like Virtusphere (virtusphere. com) being part of one of those laser-tag/game centers plus it would require a lot less floor space than laser tag
The Zebedee is a laser scanner not an infrared scanner like the Kinect or most of the other 3-D scanners we come across.
The laser scanner sits on a spring bouncing comically and uncontrollably back and forth pointing all over the place as it does.
The heavy lifting of the Zebedee is done in software as all that conflicting laser data is converted to a 3-D map.
And this you might want to look at just for the eye candy of a second generation Skylon using laser heated hydrogen to get into orbit. http://nextbigfuture. com/2013/09/propulsion-lasers-for-large-scale. html One error in this article
#Scientists Make Photons Act Like Real-life Light Saber A quote from the press release on how this was done:
It's the same effect we see with refraction of light in a water glass. The light enters the water it hands off part of its energy to the medium and inside it exists as light
and matter coupled together but when it exits it's still light. The process that takes place is the same it's just a bit more extreme â##the light is slowed considerably
and a lot more energy is given away than during refraction. The result of that process? As the photons exited the cloud they were clumped together.
NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured the M9. 4-class event at a wavelength of 131 Angstroms
and HTC s newest sensor has larger pixels that grab more light but they still suffer from one great shortfall:
#Preventing Superbugs By Deactivating Antibiotics With A Flash Of Light Bacterial resistance is becoming one of the most serious problems in the medical world
As soon as they've done their job blast'em with light and off they go as useless waste.
#Right now the quinolones respond to light and heat which is sort of tricky since it's hard to blast antibiotics that are inside the human body with light or heat.
The researchers are working on versions that respond to ultraviolet or even infrared light the latter of which can be blasted straight through the human body with no ill effects.
Nature via BBC B
#What We Can Learn About A Whale From Its Earwax Baleen whales have need no for Q-tips.
Those segments bind the RNA in different locations lining up along it like Christmas lights along a roof
It works by routing different light beams called modes along carefully planned pathways; the beams of information travel together
and etched by laser it would be cheap to produce. The device is also scalable:
But like Wonder said. with the light atop the swimmer they will appear as a shadow. which may still result in a bite.
the device shines ultraviolet to infrared light on an object as it captures an image. The user compares that image to one of a genuine sample.
#The difference lies in Antico's cones structures in the eyes#that are calibrated to absorb particular wavelengths of light
People who have regular color vision have tuned three cones to the wavelengths of red green and blue.
Based on Antico's genes Jameson has determined that Antico's fourth cone absorbs wavelengths that are reddish-orangey-yellow but
Since the tests aren't calibrated for this wavelength#empirically demonstrating tetrachromacy is still really difficult.
#Using Lasers To Save Earth's Cultural Monuments History is unwritten by the destruction of great artifacts.
Preserving modern wonders for posterity is the main inititiative of Cyark a nonprofit that uses 3-D laser scanning to create a digital archive of the world s cultural heritage sites.
Key to Cyark is a portable eye-safe laser scanner made by Cyark founder Ben Kacyra.
The scanner is a LIDAR system which is like radar except instead of bouncing back radio waves it uses lasers.
LIDAR systems existed before Cyark but they were used mainly in labs where someone would bring an object
and get it scanned. Parts of the music video for Radiohead's House of cards were recorded this way.
This picosecond timer gives the laser scans accuracy down to a millimeter. With the technology already made it took a tremendous act of destruction to inspire its use in historical preservation.
Asked about preservation in light of the Syrian conflict Kacyra said: Some of the sites cataloged are relatively low-hanging fruit like the Washington monument.
and lasers to provide detailed travel maps capturing the curve of the road and details down to a centimeter accuracy.
He came up with the resolution limit for optical microscopes which is roughly half the wavelength of light.
With a wavelength of 550 nanometers typically used that means most microscopes can only see about 0. 2 micrometers (or about the width of a bacterium) according to Abbe.
But the best thing about limits in science is that they can almost always be surpassed.
which two laser beams scan over a sample. One beam arouses fluorescent molecules to glow while the second beam suppresses all other fluorescence except for that in a nanometer-sized area.
but the V2i system onboard Stella alerted the driver to the red light before anyone in the car could see it.
and laser motion sensors could be sold alongside build-it-yourself weather monitoring kits and robot birds.
#Lasers Reveal Underground'Super Henge'Near the prehistoric Stonehenge monument archeologists have found the#buried traces of a super henge more than 4900 feet in circumference.
They beamed radar and lasers into the ground and wheeled scanners over a vast area to study subtle changes in the Earth's magnetic field.#
To the driver the light still looks extra-bright. But from the point of view of the oncoming driver it's automatically dimmed.
The headlight is made actually up of not just one beam of light but one million tiny individual beams.
To make arrows on the road the beams project their light accordingly. It's like having a football field full of dorky marching-band players that you can rearrange into whatever patterns you like.
Although they seem to be illegal in the U s.)Those adaptive high-beams work in much the same way aiming many beams of light at the world
However CMU emphasizes that its programmable light is able to project any number of custom arrangements not just the dim-for-others program.
It will take a few more years yet to miniaturize the light enough for ordinary cars s
The pulses make the receivers see flashes of light in their peripheral vision that aren't actually there.
and around 30 light helicopters within landing distance of a coast, where they will (in peaceful situations) arrive
a laser beam is moved in a computer-controlled three-dimensional manner within the epoxy resin layer thus curing the resin locally.
1) Auto Modewhen Wigl hears a musical note that it knows it moves and lights up.
and can interface with other electronic devices including smart clothing lights sensors and musical instruments making it an affordable humanoid platform for research experimentation and education.
It could communicate with neighbouring robots using infrared light signal its state by changing a colour LED
and sense ambient light. No GPS-like system was available for them to know their location in the environment.
Two or more Edisons can communicate via infrared light so combined with the low cost creating your own robot swarm becomes feasible.
and bearing is to abstract the robots as a point light source from which infrared rays emerge.
It is equipped with multiple sensors (a big LIDAR on its roof is probably doing most of the work)
ED lighting has three different wavelengths of red blue and green. This system can control the illumination strength according to the stage of plant growth.
Each of the lights flicker at a certain frequency and as the user looks at them their brain synchronizes at the same rate.
The small sampling of roboticists Iâ##ve spoken to who are employed at Google have shed little light on future plans
It is assisted by three lights one pointing in the viewing direction while the other two illuminate the ground in a flat angle
Other examples include bacteria that move toward a light source (phototaxis) single celled organisms attracted by a chemical source (chemotaxis) microrobots driven by an external magnetic field (magmites)
or capacitive charge (scratch-drive robots) or synthetic molecules with light-driven motors (nanocars). How it worksto emulate micro
The video for our upcoming IROS 2013 paper illustrates this algorithm using robots equipped with laser turrets.
#LIDAR finds a lost city in Cambodia Using LIDAR TECHNOLOGY to create terrain maps archaeologists have uncovered a whole city in Cambodia by discovering unexplained â##bumpsâ#.
In Cambodia where unexploded land mines from previous wars remain LIDAR mapping is particularly helpful. Interesting video g
We opted instead for constructing the chassis out of laser-cut acetal plastic a higher-powered flight motor and a new propeller.
which uses a similar frequency of infrared light to illuminate markers that it tracks in order to estimate the pose for the object of interest.
1) as described before the infrared light from the 3d motion capture system interfered with intercommunication;
To build the sensors the researchers align an array of microlenses an array of photodetectors
and in the light of the discussion of the marker ambiguity, we decided to only update the position on the basis of the marker readings,
The Delphi car a modified Audi SUV has no fewer than 6 4-plane LIDARS and an even larger number of radars.
LIDAR has more resolution but does not see as far and does not directly give you speed.
they were able to use laser spectroscopy and dynamical modeling to watch the light-harvesting process in action,
it points the way toward an approach that could lead to inexpensive and efficient solar cells or light-driven catalysis,
and transport energy from incoming light, but do not yet harness it to produce power (as in solar cells)
"Frequency-Division Multiplexing in the Terahertz Range Using a Leaky-Wave Antenna,"in Nature Photonics on September 14.
Photo courtesy of Li-Yi Hsu/University of California, San diego) By scattering the electromagnetic radiation in the visible, infrared or radar spectrum,
by forcing light or radar waves to bypass the object surface through the coating, which effectively loaksthe object.
when light is reflected from the coated so the concealed object will remain undetectable and will appear completely flat to an observer eyes.
The investigation showed the streaks absorb light at specific wavelengths associated with chemicals known to pull water from the Martian atmosphere in a process known as deliquescence
based on the amount of green light absorbed in the skin and the amount reflected back. Another camera, through ultraviolet light, illuminates dvanced glycation end products
which are substances that have been linked with diabetes and other diseases. The mirror can also assess nutrition and physical activity.
researchers in Britain have developed an acoustic hologram that can hold, move and manipulate objects in mid-air.
Similar freestanding haptic holograms have been developed previously, but without the precision required to hold an object in place
and moves data with photons of light instead of electrons would make today chips look like proverbial horses and buggies.
says Valerio Pruneri, a laser physicist at the Institute of Photonic Sciences in Barcelona, Spain,
Interest in so-called photonic chips goes back decades and it easy to see why. When electrons move through the basic parts of a computer chipogic circuits that manipulate data,
and do so at, well, light speed. Researchers have made already photon-friendly chips, with optical lines that replace metal wires and optical memory circuits.
When zapped with an intense pulse of laser light GST film changes its atomic structure from an ordered crystalline lattice to an morphousjumble.
or amorphous order CD or DVD drive shines low-intensity laser light on a disk and tracks the way the light bounces off.
not only how light reflects off the film, but also how much of it is absorbed. When a transparent material lay underneath the GST film
which contains and channels pulses of light. They then placed a nanoscale patch of GST atop this waveguide.
the scientists piped an intense pulse of light into the waveguide. The high intensity of the light electromagnetic field melted the GST
they beamed in less intense pulses of light and measured how much light was transmitted through the waveguide. If little light was absorbed,
they knew their data spot on the GST had an amorphous order; if more was absorbed, that meant it was crystalline.
For starters, they sent multiple wavelengths of light through the waveguide at the same time, allowing them to write
And, as they report this week in Nature Photonics, by varying the intensity of their data-writing pulses,
if a more advanced photonic memory can be integrated with photonic logic and interconnections, the resulting chips have the potential to run at 50 to 100 times the speed of today computer processors f
which the authors call an"acoustic hologram, "that can support the bead against the pull of gravity.
As the algorithm tunes the phases, the interference pattern and resulting hologram change, enabling researchers to move the bead around.
The algorithm can fashion acoustic holograms of various spatial configurations, but Drinkwater and his team focused on three:
generated using laser beams, and is 100 times stronger than that of the world strongest magnets.
A superfluid with loopsthe team first used a combination of laser cooling and evaporative cooling methods, originally co-developed by Ketterle, to cool atoms of rubidium to nanokelvin temperatures.
the researchers used a set of lasers to create a crystalline array of atoms, or optical lattice.
The electric field of the laser beams creates what known as a periodic potential landscape, similar to an egg carton,
ultrahigh magnetic field, using laser beams to push atoms around in tiny orbits, similar to the orbits of electrons under a real magnetic field.
and two additional laser beams to control the motion of the atoms. On a flat lattice, atoms can easily move around from site to site.
In this scenario, atoms could only move with the help of laser beams. ow the laser beams could be used to make neutral atoms move around like electrons in a strong magnetic field
Using laser beams, the group could make the atoms orbit, or loop around, in a radius as small as two lattice squares, similar to how particles would move in an extremely high magnetic field. nce we had the idea,
All we had to do was take two suitable laser beams and carefully align them at specific angles,
and a half to optimize the lasers and electronic controls to avoid any extraneous pushing of the atoms,
which could make them lose their superfluid properties. t a complicated experiment, with a lot of laser beams, electronics,
#Silicon photonics meets the foundry Advances in microprocessors have transferred the computation bottleneck away from CPUS to better communications between components.
Using photonics technology for I/O components can both improve performance and reduce energy consumption. But to be commercially viable these photonic
MIT professor of materials science and engineering and director of the MIT Microphotonics Center. e don look at this the way we still look at fiber,
And with funding from the National Institute for Standards and Technology, the Microphotonics Center joined with the International Electronics Manufacturing Initiative to create the Photonics System Manufacturing Consortium,
which aims to develop a viable roadmap for manufacturing integrated photonics on silicon. Cutting costs to shed lightright now the optical transceiver is moving onto the circuit board;
and cost is the one that really controlling the entry of photonics into the system.?
The more photonics components go into a system, the cheaper they have to be in order for the system to be affordable,
on the photonics side, is the difference in design paradigms between computing and optics. In computers, Kimerling explains,
The hope with silicon photonics is that we can take the best from silicon integrated circuits including that design discipline to establish a process design kit that includes all the rules as to how to build a component,
His group develops energy-efficient photonics, nd the way we do that is to miniaturize the devices,
the photonics occupy a negligible footprint on the chip. e and his colleagues are now working to demonstrate full-scale multi-core computing with an entire computer that uses only photons to communicate with memory,
and materials for the photonics. ne offshoot of this is intellectual property that will make it possible for any company with a great application for photonics
Making material progressover time, new materials and devices will provide far more powerful integration of photonics on silicon.
Germanium lasers, demonstrated by Kimerling group in 2010, offer a prime example. ne of the big issues today is the light source,
Kimerling explains. n commercial applications today the light source is bump-bonded, independently of the optical circuit,
but it would be great to get a monolithic light source. Our germanium laser would be a way to do that.
It's at the research rather than the commercial stage at this point, but it on a good path.
IT has been granted patents both on the laser and on a method to integrate similar devices into an optical circuit,
growing germanium crystals on amorphous substances at temperatures low enough for fabricating electronics as well. Such approaches, focused on the long term, will achieve monolithic integration for chips with an electronic front end with optics embedded in the back end
Overall, the MIT patent portfolio in silicon photonics has grown to more than 60 patents that cover functions such as on-chip lasers, modulators and demodulators, and sensors.
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