For example, the lotus can realize the self-cleaning effect using its micro/nanocomposite structure. The water striders can walk easily
and freely on the water surface via the special micro-and nanostructure on their legs.
Recently, Jiang's group focused on the confined water in one dimensional nanostructure materials. The study examined the confined water on the outer surfaces of one dimensional nano-structured materials including spider silk and cactus thorn,
and cactus thorn showed the confined water collection on these one dimensional nanostructures was helpful in solving the shortage of freshwater resources.
biological ion channels played key roles for high efficient energy conversion in organisms due to its nanoscale effect and ion selectivity.
much effort has been directed toward building the functional unit with nanometer multistage, multiple scale, asymmetric structure, and so on,
#Bacterial nanometric amorphous Fe-based oxide as lithium-ion battery anode material Leptothrix ochracea is a species of iron-oxidizing bacteria that exists in natural hydrospheres where groundwater outwells worldwide.
and easily-handled electrode material since its basic texture is composed of nanometric particles. The charge-discharge properties of simple L-BIOX/Li-metal cells were examined at current rates of 33. 3ma/g (0. 05c)
Notably the presence of minor components of Si and P in the original L-BIOX nanometric particles resulted in specific and well-defined electrode architecture.
Research and applications of iron oxide nanoparticles More information: Bacterial Nanometric Amorphous Fe-Based Oxide: A Potential Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Material.
Hideki Hashimoto Genki Kobayashi Ryo Sakuma Tatsuo Fujii Naoaki Hayashi Tomoko Suzuki Ryoji Kanno Mikio Takano and Jun Takada.
#Nanoparticles could provide easier route for cell therapy UT Arlington physics researchers may have developed a way to use laser technology to deliver drug and gene therapy at the cellular level without damaging surrounding tissue.
the team paired crystalline magnetic carbon nanoparticles and continuous wave near-infrared laser beams for in
and Mohanty used a 50 to 100 milliwatt laser and the same carbon nanoparticle, which absorbs the beam,
continuous wave near-infrared laser and the nanoparticle to permeate the cell membrane without killing the cells.
whose lab created the study's crystalline magnetic carbon nanoparticle using an electric plasma discharge inside a toulene solution.
A significant advantage of the new method is that the near-infrared light absorption of the nanoparticle can be used to selectively amplify interaction of low power laser with targeted tissue
The magnetic properties of the nanoparticles also mean they can be localized with an external magnetic field;
"Carbon nanoparticles produced for the cancer study varied from five to 20 nanometers wide. A human hair is about 100,000 nanometers wide.
The magnetic carbon nanoparticles also are fluorescent. So, they can be used to enhance contrast of optical imaging of tumors along with that of MRI I
#Metal particles in solids aren't as fixed as they seem memristor study shows In work that unmasks some of the magic behind memristors and"resistive random access memory,
They observed the metal atoms becoming charged ions, clustering with up to thousands of others into metal nanoparticles,
when you shoot multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTS) out of a gun onto an aluminum target at a velocity of more than 15000 mph?
If a nanotube reaches the target at a 90â°angle (head-on) it will break and deform quite drastically.
However if it is parallel to the target upon impact the nanotube will unzip resulting in a 2d graphene nanoribbon.
since previous simulations have shown that nanotubes break into pieces when subjected to large mechanical forces. Researchers Sehmus Ozden et al. at Rice university in Houston Texas US;
and the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore India have published a paper on the results of their high-impact nanotube collision experiments in a recent issue of Nano Letters.
Because it was not possible to directly observe the impact due to the nanotubes'small size
and high speed the researchers analyzed the differences in the nanotubes using a transmission electron microscope before and after the impact to extract useful information about
Although each bundle of nanotubes (the pellet) was shot perpendicular to the target the individual randomly aligned nanotubes impacted the target at different angles.
At a 90â°impact angle the nanotubes deformed along the radial direction essentially being smashed like the front of a car in a head-on collision.
At a 45â°impact angle the nanotubes became partly deformed and partly unzipped. At a 0â°angle the nanotubes were unzipped completely
when shot at the aluminum target. The researchers explain that the unzipping occurs on the scale of femtoseconds.
In that short time many atoms along the side of the nanotube become stressed due to the impact resulting in the breaking of the carbon bonds in a straight line along the side of the nanotube.
Many of these atoms ended up being ejected from the nanotube rather than having their bonds neatly broken as in the 0â°impact angle scenario.
Unzipping carbon nanotubes to create 2d graphene nanoribbons is very useful in nanoscience but until now it has typically been achieved with chemical contaminants that leave back contaminants.
By demonstrating for the first time that nanotubes can be unzipped quickly through mechanical means the new study offers a clean-cut a clean chemical-free way to produce high-quality graphene nanoribbons.
As the researchers explained graphene nanoribbons have certain advantages over both nanotubes and graphene that make them attractive for applications.
but making a nanometer scale narrow stripe of it opens the bandgap because of quantum confinement so it is a semiconductor.
Hybrid nanotube-graphene material promises to simplify manufacturing More information: Sehmus Ozden et al. Unzipping Carbon nanotubes at High Impact.
Adding silver nanorods to the graphene film would increase the conductivity to the same as copper,
The design is based on the use of microlattices with nanoscale features, combining great stiffness and strength with ultralow density,
#New approach may be key to quantum dot solar cells with real gains in efficiency (Phys. org) Los alamos researchers have demonstrated an almost fourfold boost of the carrier multiplication yield with nanoengineered quantum dots.
Quantum dots are novel nanostructures that can become the basis of the next generation of solar cells capable of squeezing additional electricity out of the extra energy of blue and ultraviolet photons.
A new study conducted within the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics demonstrates that appropriately engineered core/shell nanostructures made of lead selenide
and should be realizable with other combinations of materials and/or nanostructure geometries. Jeff Pietryga lead CASP chemist says Further enhancement in carrier multiplication should be possible by combining this new approach with other demonstrated means for increasing multicarrier yields such as by using shape-control
(as in nanorods) and/or materials in which cooling is already naturally slower like Pbte.
Applied together these strategies might provide a practical route to nanostructures exhibiting carrier multiplication performance approaching the limits imposed by energy conservation n
researchers from the USC Viterbi School of engineering describe how they have overcome a major issue in carbon nanotube technology by developing a flexible,
energy-efficient hybrid circuit combining carbon nanotube thin film transistors with other thin film transistors. This hybrid could take the place of silicon as the traditional transistor material used in electronic chips,
and Jialu Zhang developed this energy-efficient circuit by integrating carbon nanotube (CNT) thin film transistors (TFT) with thin film transistors comprised of indium, gallium and zinc oxide (IGZO)."
Instead of working so hard to force nanotubes to do something that they are not good for,
This hybridization of carbon nanotube thin films and IGZO thin films was achieved by combining their types, p-type and n-type, respectively,
Zhou likened the coupling of carbon nanotube TFTS and IGZO TFTS to the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang."
With this development, Zhou and his team have circumvented the difficulty of creating n-type carbon nanotube TFTS
and p-type IGZO TFTS by creating a hybrid integration of p-type carbon nanotube TFTS and n-type IGZO TFTS and demonstrating a large-scale integration of circuits.
Up to this point, all carbon nanotube-based transistors had a maximum number of 200 transistors.""We believe this is a technological breakthrough,
"The next step for Zhou and his team will be to build more complicated circuits using a CNT
"Zhou and Chen believe that carbon nanotube technology, including this new CNT-IGZO hybrid, will be commercialized in the next 5-10 years."
"I believe that this is just the beginning of creating hybrid integrated solutions, "said Zhou.""We will see a lot of interesting work coming up. g
#Sixteen nanometres in 3d Tomography enables the interior of a vast range of objects to be depicted in 3d from cellular structures to technical appliances.
Until now, the relevant details on a scale of a few nanometres were only visible with methods that required very thin samples.
With the aid of a special prototype setup at the PSI's Swiss Light source (SLS) the researchers have achieved now a 3d resolution of sixteen nanometres on a nanoporous glass test sample
It is specialized for studies where researchers are interested in details that are a few nanometres in size, such as the fine structures of cell components or modern catalysts and batteries.
For thick samples, hard X-ray tomography was limited to a resolution of around 150 nanometres. For many years, X-ray tomography has been conducted at various synchrotron light sources, such as The swiss Light source at the PSI.
During the measurement, they were able to achieve a spatial resolution of sixteen nanometres and achieve a world record."
So we had to know the position of the sample to within a few nanometres throughout the entire measurement,
#DNA-linked nanoparticles form switchable'thin films'on a liquid surface Scientists seeking ways to engineer the assembly of tiny particles measuring just billionths of a meter have achieved a new firsthe
formation of a single layer of nanoparticles on a liquid surface where the properties of the layer can be switched easily.
In addition, because the scientists used tiny synthetic strands of DNA to hold the nanoparticles together
the study also offers insight into the mechanism of interactions of nanoparticles and DNA molecules near a lipid membrane.
This understanding could inform the emerging use of nanoparticles as vehicles for delivering genes across cellular membranes."
"Our work reveals how DNA-coated nanoparticles interact and reorganize at a lipid interface, and how that process affects the properties of a"thin film"made of DNA-linked nanoparticles,
"said physicist Oleg Gang who led the study at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN) at the U s. Department of energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory.
The results will be published in the June 11, 2014 print edition of the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
the synthetic DNA strands used as"glue"to bind nanoparticles in this study have a natural tendency to pair up
Scientists at Brookhaven have made great use of the specificity of this attractive force to get nanoparticles coated with single synthetic DNA strands to pair up
"Many of the applications we envision for nanoparticles, such as optical coatings and photovoltaic and magnetic storage devices, require planar geometry,
Other groups of scientists have assembled such planes of nanoparticles, essentially floating them on a liquid surface,
"Using DNA linker molecules gives us a way to control the interactions between the nanoparticles."
a lipid, has a strong positive charge it attracts the negatively charged DNA strands that coat the nanoparticles.
That electrostatic attraction and the repulsion between the negatively charged DNA molecules surrounding adjacent nanoparticles overpower the attractive force between COMPLEMENTARY DNA bases.
and link the nanoparticles together more closely, first forming string-like arrays, and with more salt, a more solid yet elastic mesh-like layer."
when the particle sizes and the DNA chain sizes are comparablen the order of 20-50 nanometers,
As part of the study, the scientists examined the different configurations of the nanoparticles on top of the liquid layer using x-ray scattering at Brookhaven's National Synchrotron Light source (NSLS.
or nanoscale objects through liquid interfaces. For example, said Gang, when particles are linked but move freely at the interface,
Because of the nanoscale size-regime, we might envision using such membranes for filtering proteins or other nanoparticles,
Understanding how synthetic DNA-coated nanoparticles interact with a lipid surface may also offer insight into how such particles coated with actual genes might interact with cell membraneshich are composed largely of lipidsnd with one another in a lipid environment."
"Other groups have considered using DNA-coated nanoparticles to detect genes within cells, or even for delivering genes to cells for gene therapy
I believe this approach has significant value as a platform for more detailed investigations of realistic systems important for these new biomedical applications of DNA NANOPARTICLE pairings,
#Charging portable electronics in 10 minutes Researchers at the University of California Riverside Bourns College of Engineering have developed a three-dimensional silicon-decorated cone-shaped carbon nanotube cluster architecture for lithium ion battery anodes that could enable charging of portable
In a paper Silicon Decorated Cone Shaped Carbon nanotube Clusters for Lithium ion battery Anode recently published in the journal Small UC Riverside researchers developed a novel structure of three-dimensional silicon decorated cone-shaped
carbon nanotube clusters architecture via chemical vapor deposition and inductively coupled plasma treatment. Lithium ion batteries based on this novel architecture demonstrate a high reversible capacity and excellent cycling stability.
#Technology using microwave heating may impact electronics manufacture Engineers at Oregon State university have shown successfully that a continuous flow reactor can produce high-quality nanoparticles by using microwave-assisted heating essentially the same forces
are essentially a"proof of concept"that a new type of nanoparticle production system should actually work at a commercial level."
"Nanoparticles are extraordinarily small particles at the forefront of advances in many biomedical, optical and electronic fields,
researchers worked with lead selenide nanoparticles, which are particularly good for the taggant technologies. Other materials can be synthesized using this reactor for different applications,
Shoei Electronic Materials, one of the collaborators, is pursuing"quantum dot"systems based on this approach, and recently opened new manufacturing facilities in Eugene, Ore.,
to use this synthetic approach for quantum dot enabled televisions, smartphones and other devices d
#Antimicrobial coatings with a long-term effect for surfaces Researchers at the INM Leibniz Institute for New Materials have produced now antimicrobial abrasion-resistant coatings with both silver
"The metal colloids are only a few nanometers in size, but their particular ratio of size to surface area produces a distinctive long-term effect.
#New class of nanoparticle brings cheaper lighter solar cells outdoors Think those flat glassy solar panels on your neighbour's roof are the pinnacle of solar technology?
and tested a new class of solar-sensitive nanoparticle that outshines the current state of the art employing this new class of technology.
This new form of solid stable light-sensitive nanoparticles called colloidal quantum dots could lead to cheaper and more flexible solar cells as well as better gas sensors infrared lasers infrared light emitting diodes and more.
and demonstrated a new colloidal quantum dot n-type material that does not bind oxygen when exposed to air.
But improved performance is just a start for this new quantum dot-based solar cell architecture. The powerful little dots could be mixed into inks
The field of colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics requires continued improvement in absolute performance or power conversion efficiency said Sargent.
Quantum dot photovoltaics set new record for efficiency in such devices More information: Air-stable n-type colloidal quantum dot solids DOI:
10.1038/nmat400 a
#Shatterproof screens that save smartphones University of Akron polymer scientists have developed a transparent electrode that could change the face of smartphones, literally,
As the team describes in their paper published in the journal Scientific Reports the new system is based on adding certain types of nanoparticles to materials as part of the manufacturing process that can be read later using a special device.
The idea revolves around several types of metal nanoparticles each of which has a unique melting point. Mixing the nanoparticles together allows for creating unique thermal signatures.
To use the nanoparticles manufacturers would simply add them into the mix when creating metals papers and even fluids.
The researchers say the addition of the nanoparticles doesn't change how a material looks doesn't react with anything in it
or impact how a finished product performs. Reading the new type of bar code requires a device capable of performing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) a technique based on assessing the difference in the amount of heat required to heat different parts of a sample material.
For criminals to circumvent the process they would have to somehow find out which nanomaterials were added to a product to create its unique thermal signature then add the right mix of nanoparticles to their own counterfeit product to recreate it no easy feat.
The researchers claim their nanoparticle bar codes could be used with paper metals fluids and even drugs.
Taox-capped Pt nanoparticles as efficient catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells More information: Covert thermal barcodes based on phase change nanoparticles Scientific Reports 4 Article number:
5170 DOI: 10.1038/srep05170abstractan unmet need is to develop covert barcodes that can be used to track-trace objects
This paper describes a new nanoparticle-based covert barcode system in which a selected panel of solid-to-liquid phase change nanoparticles with discrete and sharp melting peaks is added in a variety of objects such as
This method has high labeling capacity owing to the small sizes of nanoparticles sharp melting peaks
New nanotech may provide power storage in electric cables clothes Imagine being able to carry all the juice you needed to power your MP3 PLAYER, smartphone and electric car in the fabric of your jacket?
However, nanotechnology scientist and professor Jayan Thomas and his Ph d. student Zenan Yu have developed a way to both transmit and store electricity in a single lightweight copper wire.
special fibers could also be developed with nanostructures to conduct and store energy. More immediate applications could be seen in the design
#Nanotechnology takes on diabetes A sensor which can be used to screen for diabetes in resource-poor settings has been developed by researchers
A low-cost, reusable sensor which uses nanotechnology to screen for and monitor diabetes and other conditions, has been developed by an interdisciplinary team of researchers from the University of Cambridge, for use both in clinics and home settings.
The sensors use nanotechnology to monitor levels of glucose, lactate and fructose in individuals with diabetes or urinary tract infections
which organises metal nanoparticles into alternating layers in thin gel films to produce the sensors in a matter of seconds.
what was needed for this solar fuel generator application Deposited as a film ranging in thickness between 4 and 143 nanometers the Tio2 remained optically transparent on the semiconductor crystalsllowing them to absorb lightnd protected them from corrosion
On top of the Tio2 the researchers deposited 100-nanometer-thick islands of an abundant inexpensive nickel oxide material that successfully catalyzed the oxidation of water to form molecular oxygen.
#Using gold nanoprobes to unlock your genetic profile A fast and cost-effective genetic test to determine the correct dosage of blood thinning drugs for the treatment of stroke,
heart problems and deep vein thrombosis has been developed by researchers at the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN).
Using gold nanoprobes, this new technology offers personalized healthcare based on the genetic profile of the patients.
By combining our expertise in molecular diagnostics and nanotechnology, we have developed a new genetic test that can determine the appropriate drug dosage to be administered for each patient."
By using gold nanoprobes, IBN's test kit can recognize three of the most common genetic variations,
it is added then to a pink solution of gold nanoparticles. If any of the three genetic variations is present
Prof Ying added,"This nanoprobe technology is highly flexible and can be extended to detect other genetic variations.
Quantum dot photovoltaics set new record for efficiency in such devices Solar-cell technology has advanced rapidly as hundreds of groups around the world pursue more than two dozen approaches using different materials technologies
Now a team at MIT has set a new record for the most efficient quantum dot cells a type of solar cell that is seen as especially promising because of its inherently low cost versatility and light weight.
The new work brings together developments from several fields to push the technology to unprecedented efficiency for a quantum dot based system:
Arthur Nozik a research professor in chemistry at the University of Colorado who was involved not in this research says This result represents a significant advance for the applications of quantum dot films and the technology of low-temperature solution-processed quantum dot photovoltaic cells.#
#There is still a long way to go before quantum dot solar cells are commercially viable but this latest development is a nice step toward this ultimate goal.
Received 06 december 2013 Accepted 15 april 2014 Published online 25 may 2014energy Level Modification in Lead Sulfide Quantum dot Thin Films Through Ligand Exchange.
nearly invisible screen,"said Andreas Roelofs, a coauthor on the paper and interim director of Argonne's Center for Nanoscale Materials."
#Atomic force microscope systems take a tip from nanowires (Phys. org) In response to requests from the semiconductor industry a team of PML researchers has demonstrated that atomic force microscope (AFM) probe
tips made from its near-perfect gallium nitride nanowires are superior in many respects to standard silicon
or platinum tips in measurements of critical importance to microchip fabrication nanobiotechnology and other endeavors.
In addition the scientists have invented a means of simultaneously using the nanowire tips as LEDS to illuminate a tiny sample region with optical radiation
while it is scanning adding an entirely new dimension to the characterization of nanoelectronics materials and devices.
By itself an AFM provides topographical information at nanometer resolution as its probe tip in the range of 100 nm wide
and receive a microwave signal the system becomes capable of revealing charge-carrier concentrations or defect locations in specific regions of nanoscale materials and devices.
That technique called near-field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM) had never before been attempted using a nanowire probe.
But as the team showed in a recent paper in Applied Physics Letters nanowire probe tips substantially outperformed commercial Pt tips in both resolution and durability.
and Synthesis of 3d Nanostructures in the Quantum Electronics and Photonics Division is that if you deform them even a little bit
By contrast our nanowire probe tips have a calibration lifetime about 10 times longer than any commercial tip.
The nanowire however retained its original dimensions. Moreover the Gan tips exhibited improved sensitivity and reduced uncertainty compared to a commercial Pt tip.
and negative charge carriers inside a nanostructure#information of great practical significance to microdevice fabricators#and scientists from PML's Electromagnetics Division have made notable progress in the technique.
They believe that the use of nanowire probes in conjunction with the recent arrival of a brand-new custom-built four-probe NSMM instrument will reveal new aspects of nanostructure composition and performance.
Deploying a nanowire as a probe tip sounds deceptively simple. The researchers obtain a conventional AFM cantilever
Then using a minuscule manipulator they break off a single nanowire from a forest of them grown by molecular beam epitaxy insert the wire into the hole and weld it in place.
The researchers tested their tip against a silicon tip a platinum tip and an uncoated Gan nanowire each
The coated nanowire proved about twice as sensitive as the Pt probe and four times as sensitive as the others with superior mechanical performance.
Using the nanowire tip as a light source by doping it so that it functions as an LED.
and scientists are already using lasers to illuminate nanoscale samples during AFM scans. The problem with that approach says veteran NSMM researcher Pavel Kabos of the Advanced High-frequency Devices Program in PML's Electromagnetics Division is that the laser has to shine in from the side.
and the nanoscale light source enables you to inject some carriers very locally in a way you can't do with other methods.
Reaching that goal will require more research into how to dope the Gan nanowires so as to increase efficiency of light output
But we really weren't able to test nanowires as probe tips until a few months ago
and nanometer scale is crucial from semiconductor electronics to biochemistry and medicine. Explore further: High-resolution microscopy technique resolves individual carbon nanotubes under ambient condition c
#DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY places enzyme catalysis within an arm's length Using molecules of DNA like an architectural scaffold, Arizona State university scientists,
in collaboration with colleagues at the University of Michigan, have developed a 3-D artificial enzyme cascade that mimics an important biochemical pathway that could prove important for future biomedical and energy applications.
The findings were published in the journal Nature Nanotechnology. Led by ASU Professor Hao Yan, the research team included ASU Biodesign Institute researchers Jinglin Fu, Yuhe Yang, Minghui Liu, Professor Yan Liu
Researchers in the field of DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY taking advantage of the binding properties of the chemical building blocks of DNA, twist and self-assemble DNA into evermore imaginative 2-and 3-dimensional structures for medical, electronic and energy applications.
"We look to Nature for inspiration to build man-made molecular systems that mimic the sophisticated nanoscale machineries developed in living biological systems,
and having it work outside the cell is a big challenge for DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY. To meet the challenge,
which can see down to the nanoscale, 1, 000 times smaller than the width of a human hair.
"An even loftier and more valuable goal is to engineer highly programmed cascading enzyme pathways on DNA NANOSTRUCTURE platforms with control of input and output sequences.
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