#A nanosized hydrogen generator (Phys. org) esearchers at the US Department of energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have created a small scale"hydrogen generator"that uses light
"said Elena Rozhkova, chemist at Argonne's Center for Nanoscale Materials, a DOE Office of Science (Office of Basic energy Sciences) User Facility."
These protons make their way to the platinum nanoparticles which sit on top of the titanium dioxide. Hydrogen is produced by the interaction of the protons
and time-resolved spectroscopy at the Center for Nanoscale Materials verified the movements of the electrons within the system,
"Rozhkova's hydrogen generator proves that nanotechnology, merged with biology, can create new sources of clean energy.
#Nanoribbon film keeps glass ice-free: Team refines deicing film that allows radio frequencies to pass Rice university scientists who created a deicing film for radar domes have refined now the technology to work as a transparent coating for glass.
The material is made of graphene nanoribbons atom-thick strips of carbon created by splitting nanotubes a process also invented by the Tour lab
Last year the Rice group created films of overlapping nanoribbons and polyurethane paint to melt ice on sensitive military radar domes
The new films are between 50 and 200 nanometers thick a human hair is about 50000 nanometers thick
In the previous process the nanoribbons were mixed with polyurethane but testing showed the graphene nanoribbons themselves formed an active network when applied directly to a surface.
He said nanoribbon films also open a path toward embedding electronic circuits in glass that are both optically and RF transparent a
#The future face of molecular electronics The emerging field of molecular electronics could take our definition of portable to the next level enabling the construction of tiny circuits from molecular components.
Picene's sister molecule pentacene has been studied widely because of its high carrier mobilityts ability to quickly transmit electrons a critical property for nanoscale electronics.
The weak interaction is advantageous for molecular electronics applications because the modification of the properties of molecular thin film by the presence of the silver is negligible
For this study scientists looked at a positive electrode made of billions of nanoparticles of lithium iron phosphate.
Previous studies produced conflicting views of how the nanoparticles behaved. To probe further researchers made small coin cell batteries charged them with different levels of current for various periods of time quickly took them apart
We were able to look at thousands of electrode nanoparticles at a time and get snapshots of them at different stages during charging
Analyzing the data using a sophisticated model developed at MIT the researchers discovered that only a small percentage of nanoparticles absorbed and released ions during charging even
#Aligned carbon nanotube/graphene sandwiches By in situ nitrogen doping and structural hybridization of carbon nanotubes (CNTS) and graphene via a two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) scientists have fabricated nitrogen-doped aligned carbon nanotube/graphene (N-ACNT/G) sandwiches
with three-dimensional (3d) electron transfer pathways interconnected ion diffusion channels and enhanced interfacial affinity and activity.
CNTS and graphene the most highlighted sp2-bonded carbon nanomaterials over the past decades have attracted enormous attention in the area of energy storage heterogeneous catalysis healthcare environmental protection as well as nanocomposites
However the heteroatom-containing nanocarbon tends to aggregate due to strong Van der waals interactions and large surface area explosion thereby constantly limiting the demonstration of their intrinsic physical properties and performances in as-fabricated materials and practical devices.
The combination of CNTS and graphene into 3d hybrid composites can usually mitigate the self-aggregation
and restacking of nanocarbon materials and also amplify physical properties at macroscale. Up to now several strategies have been explored to fabricate such CNTS/graphene hybrids including post-organization methods
and in situ growth while integration of high-quality CNTS and graphene without barrier layers is still difficult.
A team from Tsinghua University (China) led by Prof. Qiang Zhang and Fei Wei have fabricated now successfully sandwich-like N-ACNT/G hybrids via a two-step catalytic growth on bifunctional natural materials.
Aligned CNTS were intercalated firstly into the interlayer spaces of the layered catalyst embedded with metal nanoparticles (NPS) through a low-temperature (L-T) CVD
and graphene was deposited sequentially onto the surface of lamellar flakes at the bottom of aligned CNTS through a high-temperature (H-T) CVD.
After catalyst removal alternative aligned CNTS and graphene were connected vertically to each other in long-range periodicity thereby forming a sandwich-like structure.
The key issue for the fabrication of the novel N-ACNT/G architecture is that the high-quality aligned CNTS
Org''Thereby the seamless connection of high-quality aligned CNTS and graphene provided 3d electron transfer pathways and interconnected ion diffusion channels.
which was about 65%higher than that of sole aligned CNTS. Even at a high current density of 5. 0 C a reversible capacity of ca. 770 mah g-1 can be achieved.
Zhang elaborated The seamless junction of CVD-grown aligned CNTS and graphene provides rapid electron transfer and mechanical robustness.
It is expected highly that the N-ACNT/G sandwiches hold various potential applications in the area of nanocomposite energy storage environmental protection electronic device as well as healthcare because of their robust hierarchical structure 3d electron transfer
and fabrication strategy is generally applicable we foresee a new branch of material chemistry evolving in the area of advanced hierarchical nanostructures through the 3d topological nanosystems and interfacial modification.
Tang C Zhang Q Zhao MQ Huang JQ Cheng XB Tian GL Peng HJ Wei F. Nitrogen-Doped Aligned Carbon nanotube
Greer's team has developed a method for constructing new structural materials by taking advantage of the unusual properties that solids can have at the nanometer scale,
if you use the concept of the nanoscale to create structures and then use those nanostructures like LEGO to construct larger materials,
you can obtain nearly any set of properties you want. You can create materials by design."
what they call three-dimensional nanolattices that are formed by a repeating nanoscale pattern. After the patterning step,
aluminum oxide), producing hollow-tube alumina structures with walls ranging in thickness from 5 to 60 nanometers and tubes from 450 to 1, 380 nanometers in diameter.
and prodding materials on the nanoscale, they squished, stretched, and otherwise tried to deform the samples to see how they held up.
They found that the alumina structures with a wall thickness of 50 nanometers and a tube diameter of about 1 micron shattered when compressed.
when you reduce these structures down to the point where individual walls are only 10 nanometers thick,
#'Human touch'nanoparticle sensor could improve breast cancer detection (Phys. org) niversity of Nebraska-Lincoln scientists have developed a nanoparticle-based device that emulates human touch
In research funded with a grant from the National institutes of health, Saraf and Nguyen perfected a thin film made of nanoparticles and polymers
#Team uses nanotechnology to help cool electrons with no external sources A team of researchers has discovered a way to cool electrons to#228°C without external means and at room temperature,
The team used a nanoscale structure which consists of a sequential array of a source electrode, a quantum well,
a tunneling barrier, a quantum dot, another tunneling barrier, and a drain electrode to suppress electron excitation
#Molecular self-assembly controls graphene-edge configuration A research team headed by Prof. Patrick Han and Prof.
However on the nanoscale adding fluorine to graphene had been reported to vastly increase the friction experienced
when we tested the friction of these different samples with an atomic force microscope an ultra-sensitive instrument that can measure nanonewton forces.
which at the nanoscale can act like physical roughness in increasing friction. In fluorinated graphene the fluorine atoms do stick up out of the plane of carbon atoms
At the nanoscale Carpick said friction isn't just determined by the placement of atoms
and undoped graphene pieces they were able to form heterojunctions in the nanoribbons thereby fulfilling a basic requirement for electronic current to flow in only one direction
Empa researchers from the nanotech@surfaces laboratory thus developed a method some time ago to synthesise a form of graphene with larger bandgaps by allowing ultra-narrow graphene nanoribbons to grow via molecular self-assembly.
The researchers describe the corresponding heterojunctions in segmented graphene nanoribbons in the recently published issue of Nature Nanotechnology.
Transferring graphene nanoribbons onto other substratesin addition the scientists have solved another key issue for the integration of graphene nanotechnology into conventional semiconductor industry:
In a second paper published in Nature Communications Pascal Ruffieux also from the Empa nanotech@surfaces laboratory
In a paper first published online on Sept. 9 in the journal Nature Chemistry, Mallouk and colleagues at Penn State and the Research center for Exotic Nanocarbons at Shinshu University, Japan, describe a method called intercalation,
A research paper about the new detector was published Sunday September 07 2014 in Nature Nanotechnology.
Nature Nanotechnology dx. doi. org/10.1038/nnano. 2014.18
#First graphene-based flexible display produced A flexible display incorporating graphene in its pixels'electronics has been demonstrated successfully by the Cambridge Graphene Centre and Plastic Logic,
who is also the director of the Nanoelectronics Research Lab at UCSB. Graphene has been used among other things to design FETSEVICES that regulate the flow of electrons through a channel via a vertical electric field directed into the channel by a terminal called a gate.
either by patterning graphene to make nanoribbons or by introducing defects in the graphene layerr using bilayer graphene stacked in a certain pattern that allows band gap opening upon application of a vertical electric fieldor better control and detection of current.
While one-dimensional materials such as carbon nanotubes and nanowires also allow excellent electrostatics and at the same time possess band gap they are not suitable for low-cost mass production due to their process complexities she said.
At present the scientific community worldwide is actively seeking practical applications of 2d semiconductor materials such as Mos2 nanosheets.
Professor Banerjee and his team have identified a breakthrough application of these nanomaterials and provided new impetus for the development of low-power
and Swiss Federal Institute of technology in Zurich describe a basic model circuit consisting of a silver nanowire and a single-layer flake of molybendum disulfide (Mos2).
We have found that there is pronounced nanoscale light-matter interaction between plasmons and atomically thin material that can be exploited for nanophotonic integrated circuits said Nick Vamivakas assistant professor of quantum optics and quantum physics at the University of Rochester and senior author of the paper.
K. Goodfellow R. Beams C. Chakraborty L. Novotny A n. Vamivakas Integrated nanophotonics based on nanowire plasmons and atomically-thin material Optica Vol. 1 Issue
#Researcher's nanoparticle key to new malaria vaccine A self-assembling nanoparticle designed by a UCONN professor is the key component of a potent new malaria vaccine that is showing promise in early tests.
But a novel protein nanoparticle developed by Peter Burkhard, a professor in the Department of Molecular & Cell biology, in collaboration with David Lanar
The key to the vaccine's success lies in the nanoparticle's perfect icosahedral symmetry (think of the pattern on a soccer ball)
We are able to achieve our high density because of the design of the nanoparticle, which we control."
It took the researchers more than 10 years to finalize the precise assembly of the nanoparticle as the critical carrier of the vaccine
holds the patent on the self-assembling nanoparticle used in the malaria vaccine. Burkhard is also exploring other potential uses for the nanoparticle,
including a vaccine that will fight animal flu and one that will help people with nicotine addiction.
and carrier concentrations with an accurate nanoscale picture of the semiconductor film's microstructure really gives a complete picture of how the device operates and
#Electron microscopes take first measurements of nanoscale chemistry in action (Phys. org) Scientists'underwater cameras got a boost this summer from the Electron microscopy Center at the U s. Department of energy's Argonne National Laboratory.
Along with colleagues at the University of Manchester researchers captured the world's first real-time images and simultaneous chemical analysis of nanostructures while underwater or in solution.
and materials scientists to explore never-before-measured stages of nanoscale chemical processes in materials said Argonne materials scientist Nestor Zaluzec one of the paper's authors.
Understanding how materials grow at the nanoscale level helps scientists tailor them for everything from batteries to solar cells.
and nanoscale for decades but it's usually done with the sample in a vacuum Zaluzec said.
This lets scientists watch as nanostructures grow and change with time during chemical reactions. The team is now working with the manufacturer Protochips Inc. to make this capability available to the scientific community.
The study Real-time imaging and local elemental analysis of nanostructures in liquids was published in the journal Chemical Communications with researchers from the University of Manchester and BP.
Real-time imaging and local elemental analysis of nanostructures in liquids. Edward A. Lewis et al. Chem.
The researchers used a handheld device resembling a laser pointer that can detect Raman nanoprobes with very high accuracy.
These nanoprobes are injected the day prior to the operation and go specifically to tumor cells and not to normal brain cells.
Guiding Brain tumor Resection Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanoparticles and a Hand-held Raman Scanner ACS Nano Article ASAPDOI:
Here we evaluated the ability of a hand-held Raman scanner guided by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles to identify the microscopic tumor extent in a genetically engineered RCAS/tv-a glioblastoma mouse model.
and correlation with histology showed that SERS nanoparticles accurately outlined the extent of the tumors.
because it uses inert gold#silica SERS nanoparticles and a hand-held Raman scanner that can guide brain tumor resection in the operating room o
a new class of nanoscale materials made in sheets only three atoms thick. The University of Washington researchers have demonstrated that two of these single-layer semiconductor materials can be connected in an atomically seamless fashion known as a heterojunction.
"Wang is the corresponding author of a paper in Nature Nanotechnology describing this research. The paper is titled"Ultrafast charge transfer in atomically thin Mos2/WS2 heterostructures."
who is also an investigator with the Kavli Energy Nanosciences Institute (Kavli-ENSI).""For example, the combination of Mos2 and WS2 forms a type-II semiconductor that enables fast charge separation.
#Conductive nanofiber networks for flexible unbreakable and transparent electrodes Transparent conductors are required as electrodes in optoelectronic devices, such as touch panel screens, liquid crystal displays, and solar cells.
Tokyo Institute of technology researchers report the first development of a facile method for the fabrication of flexible and unbreakable transparent electrodes using nanofibers.
Two-dimensional aluminum (Al) nanofiber networks offering transparent conductors were fabricated by simple wet chemical etching of Al metalized polymer films using an electrospun polystyrene nanofiber mask template.
The resulting Al nanowire networksith a width of 500 nm and an area fraction of 22.0%xhibited 80%optical transmittance and sheet resistance of 45 O sq-1
The metallic nanostructures use surface plasmons waves of electrons that flow like a fluid across metal surfaces.
Researchers use aluminum nanostructures for photorealistic printing of plasmonic color palettes More information: Zheng B. Y. Wang Y. Nordlander P. and Halas N. J. 2014) Color-Selective and CMOS-Compatible Photodetection Based on Aluminum Plasmonics.
but a new way of working with copper nanowires and a PVA"nano glue"could be a game-changer.
Previous success in the field of ultra-lightweight"aerogel monoliths"has relied largely on the use of precious gold and silver nanowires.
By turning instead to copper, both abundant and cheap, researchers at Monash University and the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication have developed a way of making flexible conductors cost-effective enough for commercial application."
but ours are made of ultra fine copper nanowires, using a fabrication process called freeze drying,
"Despite its conductivity, copper's tendency to oxidation and the poor mechanical stability of copper nanowire aerogel monoliths mean its potential has been unexplored largely.
"The conductivity can be tuned simply by adjusting the loading of copper nanowires, "he said.""A low loading of nano wires would be appropriate for a pressure sensor
the researchers noted that devices using their copper-based aerogels were not quite as sensitive as those using gold nanowires,
#Color hologram uses plasmonic nanoparticles to store large amounts of information In the 4th century, the Romans built a special glass cup,
Similar to the Lycurgus cup, the new holograms can change colors due to light scattering off silver nanoparticles of specific sizes and shapes.
The new holograms consist of precisely engineered silver nanoparticles patterned over a substrate. A key difference in the new holograms is the smaller size of the diffraction fringes,
the fringes here are replaced with nanoparticles smaller than half the wavelength of light. The researchers showed that the narrower band diffraction,
is produced by plasmonic-enhanced optical scattering of the nanostructures. The subwavelength distance offers certain advantages.
For instance, two different types of plasmonic nanoparticles can be multiplexed, or combined but not coupled, at subwavelength distances.
By using nanoparticles of silver with different shapes and sizes, the researchers could control the colors.
In addition to providing multiple colors, multiplexing two nanoparticles has the advantage of increasing the bandwidth information limits.
The researchers showed that each nanoparticle carries independent information such as polarization and wavelength, which can be controlled simultaneously.
With twice the number of nanoparticles, the total amount of binary information stored can exceed the traditional limits of diffraction."
"It has been shown that nanoparticles with resonant properties can be uncoupled over subwavelength distances so their electromagnetic fields have minimal interaction,
"The device presented demonstrates that these nanoparticles can store and transfer independent information beyond the diffraction limits,
We believe that it will also prompt new experiments focusing on the dynamical properties of the atoms at nanostructures,
#Bacterial nanowires: Not what we thought they were For the past 10 years scientists have been fascinated by a type of electric bacteria that shoots out long tendrils like electric wires using them to power themselves
Today a team led by scientists at USC has turned the study of these bacterial nanowires on its head discovering that the key features in question are not pili as previously believed
Scientists had suspected long that bacterial nanowires were pili Latin for hair which are hairlike features common on other bacteria allowing them to adhere to surfaces
Given the similarity of shape it was easy to believe that nanowires were pili. But Moh El-Naggar assistant professor at the USC Dornsife College of Letters Arts and Sciences says he was always careful to avoid saying that he knew for sure that's what they were.
with bacterial nanowires. This latest study will be published online by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on August 18.
During the formation of nanowires scientists noted an increase in the expression of electron transport genes but no corresponding increase in the expression of pilin genes.
what nanowires weren't the team next needed to figure out what they actually were. El-Naggar credits Sahand Pirbadian USC graduate student with devising an ingenious yet simple strategy to make the discovery.
By depriving the bacteria of oxygen the researchers were able to force the bacteria to stretch out their nanowires on command allowing the process to be observed in real time.
and specific proteins researchers were able to take video of the nanowires reaching out confirming that they were based on membrane and not pili at all.
Generating videos of the nanowires stretching out required new methods to simultaneously label multiple features keep a camera focused on the wriggling bacteria and combine the optical techniques with atomic force microscopy to gain higher resolution.
and figure out the right conditions for the bacteria to produce nanowires Pirbadian said. We had to go back
Once we were able to induce nanowire growth we started analyzing their composition and structure
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 nanowires are outer membrane and periplasmic extensions of the extracellular electron transport components PNAS www. pnas. org/cgi/doi/10.1073
#Eco-friendly'prefab nanoparticles'could revolutionize nano manufacturing A team of materials chemists polymer scientists device physicists
and others at the University of Massachusetts Amherst today report a breakthrough technique for controlling molecular assembly of nanoparticles over multiple length scales that should allow faster cheaper more ecologically friendly manufacture of organic photovoltaics and other electronic devices.
It was Bag who put similar sized and charged nanoparticles together to form a building block then used an artist's airbrush to spray layers of electrical circuits atop each other to create a solar-powered device.
He says Here we preformed structures at nanoscale so they will form a known structure assembled at the meso scale from
#Magnetic nanoparticles break the capacity barrier for antibody purification Monoclonal antibodies represent the largest and fastest-growing segment of international biopharma.
Now A*STAR researchers have developed a high-capacity method to purify monoclonal antibodies that uses magnetic nanoparticles and also introduces new operating conditions.
which causes the antibodies to be deposited on the surface of starch-coated magnetic nanoparticles (see image).
The high capacity of our nanoparticle method makes it much faster than column chromatography explains Gagnon.
In addition to solving the longstanding problem of productivity for monoclonal antibodies the nanoparticle approach can be applied to many other therapeutic proteins and also to viral vaccines.
Gagnon P. Toh P. & Lee J. High productivity purification of Immunoglobulin g monoclonal antibodies on starch-coated magnetic nanoparticles by steric exclusion of polyethylene glycol.
#Pentagonal nanorods show catalytic promise Pentagonal nanorods have a unique morphology that confers interesting compositional
Now, researchers in Singapore have developed a simple chemical process to grow uniform pentagonal nanorods composed of gold and copper.
rendering them useful in the fields of materials chemistry and nanotechnology.""We successfully synthesized goldopper pentagonal nanorods with controlled size
and composition by a seed-mediated growth route,"explains lead researcher Jackie Ying from the A*STAR Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology.
The'seeds'are multiple crystals of elongated gold decahedrons, joined together by shared facesn arrangement known as multiply-twinning.
To create the nanorods, the team placed the gold seeds in a solution containing a copper precursor and applied heat a process that produced nearly uniform pentagonal nanorods.
Ying's team showed that they could control the length of these nanorods by changing the amount of gold seeds added to the copper precursor.
Adding a 1: 1 ratio of gold to copper produced nanorods that grew approximately 15 nanometers in length while a 1: 2 ratio produced nanorods approximately 19 nanometers long,
and a 1: 3 ratio produced nanorods approximately 24 nanometers long. The diameter of the nanorods remained the same,
however, regardless of the ratio of metals used. The ability to control the size and composition of the nanorods means it is easier to control the properties of the bimetallic goldopper nanoparticles compared to nanoparticles made of just one metal,
Yang explains. Next, the team evaluated the catalytic activity of these goldopper nanorods in a carbonitrogen-bond-forming reactionhe direct alkylation of an amine using an alcohol."
"This hydrogen-borrowing strategy is an attractive synthetic method for the C bond formation as it is an environmentally friendly process
which produces only water as a byproduct, "says Ying. The nanorods were examined as catalysts for this reaction using the model substrates p-toluene sulphonamide and benzyl alcohol."
"Our heterogeneous catalyst showed higher catalytic activity toward the C coupling reaction and better recyclability compared to commercially available catalysts,
Her team now plans to use the nanorods as seeds themselves to synthesize nanoparticles comprised of a goldopper core surrounded by a shell of another material, such as platinum, for energy applications
which traps light at the nanoscale to enable real-time monitoring of individual molecules bending and flexing may aid in our understanding of how changes within a cell can lead to diseases such as cancer.
This critical front line of cellular defence is made up of a layer of fatty lipids just a few nanometres thick.
In order to view the behaviour of the cell membrane at the level of individual molecules the Cambridge team working with researchers from the University of Leeds squeezed them into a tiny gap between the mirrored gold facets of a nanoparticle sitting just above a flat gold surface.
Through highly precise control of the geometry of the nanostructures and using Raman spectroscopy an ultra-sensitive molecular identification technique the light can be trapped between the mirrors allowing the researchers to'fingerprint'individual molecules.
#Mobile phones come alive with the sound of music thanks to nanogenerators Charging mobile phones with sound, like chants from at football ground, could become a reality, according to a new collaboration between scientists from Queen Mary University of London and Nokia.
Nokia worked with the QMUL team to create an energy harvesting prototype (a nanogenerator) that could be used to charge a mobile phone using everyday background noise such as traffic,
or stretched creates a voltage by converting energy from motion into electrical energy, in the form of nanorods.
The nanorods can be coated onto various surfaces in different locations making the energy harvesting quite versatile.
the nanorods then generate a high voltage. The nanorods respond to vibration and movement created by everyday sound,
such as our voices. Electrical contacts on both sides of the rods are used then to harvest the voltage to charge a Phone in order to make it possible to produce these nanogenerators at scale
the scientists found innovative ways to cut costs in the production process. Firstly, they developed a process
whereby they could spray on the nanorod chemicals almost like nanorod graffiti to cover a plastic sheet in a layer of zinc oxide.
the nanorods grew all over the surface of the sheet. Secondly, gold is used traditionally as an electrical contact
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