scientists can blast powerful X-ray beams at tiny volumes of proteins in solution. The resulting iffraction patternscan then be interpreted to determine,
#Researchers Develop New Microscopic Imaging Techniques to help Advance Next-Generation Nanotechnology The research focuses on leveraging powerful tabletop microscopes equipped with coherent beams of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light.
(which emitted coherent beams in the red region of the spectrum at 694 nm), the shortest wavelength laser in widespread use is the excimer laser around 193 nm.
or laser-like, beams of EUV light with wavelength at 30 nm nearly an order of magnitude shorter that the excimer, achieving very high-contrast images with a resolution of 40 nm laterally
which uses a beam of electrons to achieve molecular and even atomic resolutions, has been the go-to technique for studying SPBS,
which a beam of electrons smaller than the size of a hydrogen atom is scanned over a sample
The downside of this technique is repeated that the electron beam radiation can progressively damage the sample.
thanks to the electron beam energy being kept below the radiation damage threshold of tungsten. Miao and his team showed that the atoms in the tip of the tungsten sample were arranged in nine layers, the sixth
'You know the expression'Beam me up Scotty'?'We used to laugh at it, 'said the City university professor.'
This uses a super-powerful microwave oven to generate a concentrated beam of energy which causes voltage surges in electronic equipment,
This uses a super-powerful microwave oven to generate a concentrated beam of energy. The energy causes voltage surges in electronic equipment, rendering them useless before surge protectors have the chance to react Keith Coleman, Champ programme manager for Boeing's prototype arm Phantom Works,
. which beams a 5. 8 GHZ radio frequency that wireless devices convert into DC power, and may debut in early 2016 in devices developed by SK Telesys (a Korean rival of Samsung)
#Scientists paint quantum electronics with beams of light A team of scientists from the University of Chicago
Awschalom and his colleagues found that by intentionally focusing beams of light on their samples,
bend, twist and reduce diameter of a beam from the macroscale to the nanoscale, "said Mazur."
The team accidentally has discovered a new way of using beams of light to draw and erase quantum-mechanical circuits on topological insulators, a unique class of materials with intriguing electronic properties.
Awschalom and his colleagues found that, by intentionally focusing beams of light on their samples,
and Corning Incorporated is showing how beams from ordinary laser pointers mimic quantum entanglement with the potential of doubling the data speed of laser communication.
A device operating to multiplex/demultiplex between directional free-space beams and a single-mode waveguide is extremely appealing for real-world communication applications Furthermore, one of the advantages to the approach,
allowing different coloured beams of light to be focused on a single point with a single metasurface lens.
and a different image when illuminated by a vertically polarized beam. he two images will appear overlapped under illumination with light polarized at 45 degrees,
MINIATURE CAMERAS AND MORE In another experiment, the team was able to use a metasurface to create a beam with radial polarization, that is, a beam
whose polarization is pointing toward the beam axis. Such beams have shaped doughnut intensity profiles and have applications in superresolution microscopy,
and generate these beams with higher efficiency and more purity. The team is currently working with industrial partners to create metasurfaces for use in commercial devices such as miniature cameras and spectrometers,
Figure 1. Signal travelling through the main components of a Leddar sensing modulefigure 2. Emission beam pattern and match to a 16-element photodetectorfigure 3. Sample trace
and the y-a...Figure 4. Example of wide beam and different detection zones produced by the multi-element...
the Leddar sensor's LEDS and emitter optics are used to create a diffuse beam covering a wider area of interest.
The receiver collects the backscatter of the reflected light from objects in the beam and, using full-waveform analysis,
detects the presence of objects in each segment of the beam, measuring the distance of the detected objects (based on the time taken by the light to return to the sensor).
providing a variety of beam patterns for different needs. For example, in response to current needs, the technology is presently being offered in the form of two main adaptable platforms:
which offers a much wider beam and provides lateral discrimination abilities, suitable for applications that might traditionally use laser scanners,
and ranging for multiple segments of the beam without the need to scan (no moving parts).
and the angle of incidence that can be determined by imaging-collecting optics that focus the reflected beam on the sensor photodetectors.
of a Leddar sensing module Beam Pattern for Multi-Element Option The multiple-element photodetector has a rectangular sensing area.
The purpose of the reception optics is to collect the backscatter of light from objects in that beam onto the photodetector.
The combined emission and reception optics solution can be designed to obtain different beam widths. Currently
optics options with beam widths of approximately 9°,18°,24°,34°,45°and 95°are available on the multi-element option (the single-element option comes with a narrow 3°beam.
Figure 2. Emission beam pattern and match to a 16-element photodetector Figure 2. Emission beam pattern and match to a 16-element photodetector How Does It Work?
In automatic control mode, the sensor will dynamically adjust the LED intensity based on the amplitude of the signal for objects detected in the sensor beam.
The beam can then illuminate another object that isn completely"shadowed"by the closer object.
The wide beam contains multiple pulse signals like the one illustrated in Figure 3, creating several segments side by side and different detection zones.
Figure 4. Example of wide beam and different detection zones produced by the multi-element...
Figure 4. Example of wide beam and different detection zones produced by the multi-element platform;
this beam contains 16 of the pulses illustrated in Figure 3 Benefits of Leddar Technology Leddar sensors provide three key benefits compared to competing products:
As for the receiver, one can choose from several beam options, ranging from 3°to 95°.
and 15 integrated interferometers (devices that superimpose one photon beam over another to look for anomalies in intensity or phase), each
which uses muon beams acting as magnetic probes to reveal magnetic properties on a nanoscale.
Both weapons forgo conventional bullets for"directed energy"a focused beam of energy that heats up
a chiller that keeps the system from getting too hot, a 2-kilowatt laser and a"beam director"that points the laser light at the intended target.
by redesigning the beam director. The first prototype of the Compact Laser weapons System is 40 percent lighter than the vehicle-mounted HEL MD system,
. and also allows the motors that control the compact system's beam director to function quickly.
#Real-life Sonic'Tractor Beam'Can Levitate Objects Using Sound waves It may seem straight out of"Star trek,
uses a beam of electrons to track where heat is produced and how it dissipates with nanometer accuracy.
At the Frontiers in Optics conference researchers will describe a custom-built ultrafast laser that could help image everything from semiconductor chips to cells in real time Using ultrafast beams of extreme ultraviolet light streaming at a 100,000 times a second, researchers
Traditionally, researchers use big, powerful X-ray beams like the one at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park, California, USA.
Over the last ten years, researchers have developed smaller, cheaper machines that pump out coherent, laser-like beams in the laboratory setting.
To obtain the high-resolution hologram, an atomically sharp, tungsten tip acts as a source of a divergent beam of highly coherent electrons.
When the beam hits the sample, part of the beam is scattered and the other part is affected not.
a pattern resulting from the interference of the two beams.""This is the first time to directly observe the helical structure of the unstained tobacco mosaic virus at a single-particle level,
#Scientists paint quantum electronics with beams of light: Chance effect of lab's fluorescent lights leads to discovery In contrast to using advanced nanofabrication facilities based on chemical processing of materials,
Awschalom and his colleagues found that by intentionally focusing beams of light on their samples,
They create beams of electron pulses, which can, due to their extremely short flashing, provide us with very sharp images of moving atoms and electrons.
It is planned to use those electron beams for pump-probe experiments: an optical laser pulse is sent to the sample,
It works by projecting beams of light through an oxygen-permeable window into a liquid resin.
when the beam passed near the gap at the tips of the crescent. By scanning the beam back and forth over the object,
the engineers created a 2-D image of these optical properties. Each pixel in this image also contained information about the wavelength of emitted photons across visible and near-infrared wavelengths.
It converts solar rays into microwaves--using conventional photovoltaic solar panels--and then beams the microwave's energy to microwave collector farms at designated locations On earth.
when hit with an electron beam. Equally importantly they have discovered how and why it happens.
when the scientists put the membrane into the beam of a scanning electron microscope, it folded.
When the electron beam hits the molecules on the surface it causes them to form an additional bond with their neighbors,
Argonne researchers are able to fold gold nanoparticle membranes in a specific direction using an electron beam
They envision zapping only a small part of the structure with the electron beam, designing the stresses to achieve particular bending patterns.
The researchers demonstrate that crystalline LSCO films deposited on Srtio3 (001) by molecular beam epitaxy show figures of merit
and a different image when illuminated by a vertically polarized beam.""The two images will appear overlapped under illumination with light polarized at 45 degrees,
In another experiment, the team was able to use a metasurface to create a beam with radial polarization, that is, a beam
whose polarization is pointing toward the beam axis. Such beams have shaped doughnut intensity profiles and have applications in superresolution microscopy, laser cutting, and particle acceleration."
and generate these beams with higher efficiency and more purity.""The team is currently working with industrial partners to create metasurfaces for use in commercial devices such as miniature cameras and spectrometers,
which a beam of electrons smaller than the size of a hydrogen atom is scanned over a sample
The downside of this technique is repeated that the electron beam radiation can progressively damage the sample.
thanks to the electron beam energy being kept below the radiation damage threshold of tungsten. Miao and his team showed that the atoms in the tip of the tungsten sample were arranged in nine layers, the sixth
#Pushing the limits of lensless imaging Using ultrafast beams of extreme ultraviolet light streaming at a 100,000 times a second, researchers from the Friedrich Schiller University Jena,
Traditionally, researchers use big, powerful X-ray beams like the one at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park, California, USA.
Over the last ten years, researchers have developed smaller, cheaper machines that pump out coherent, laser-like beams in the laboratory setting.
and deposited metal contacts onto that same end with electron beam lithography. They then connected the device to equipment to control its bias,
which are coils of wire that create uniform magnetic fields, to focus the electron beams. The use of static field elements can lead to the undesirable presence of static magnetic fields on the electron source (cathode)
our configuration can be used to focus an electron beam. In our case, however, we can perform the focusing not only in the dimensions perpendicular to the direction of travel,
Broader applications include the creation of flat electron beams and the creation of ultrashort electron bunches for coherent terahertz emission in free-electron based terahertz generation schemes,
They manufactured the implant with a $1. 3 million metal printer at a government-run lab. The printer uses an electron beam to melt titanium powder,
giving rise to a brilliant kev X-ray emission. his so-called betatron radiation is emitted in a collimated beam with excellent spatial coherence and remarkable spectral stability.
bend, twist and reduce diameter of a beam from the macroscale to the nanoscale, said Mazur. his on-chip metamaterial opens the door to exploring the physics of zero index and its applications in integrated optics.
The beams from each of the four objectives are staggered so that they do not interfere or intersect with one another,
and a rolling shutter in each scientific CMOS keeps pace with the beam. Each image still suffers from poor resolution along one axis,
The gallium arsenide crystals grown using the molecular beam epitaxy technique serve as a model platform to explore the many phases that arise among strongly interacting electrons,
#European Researchers Create Acoustic Tractor Beam t was an incredible experience the first time we saw the object held in place by the tractor beam.
The researchers have shown that three different shapes of acoustic force fields work as tractor beams. The first is an acoustic force field that resembles a pair of fingers or tweezers.
The beams of light emanating from the fluorescence molecules can be measured through the top of the mice's skulls.
#Sonic Tractor Beam Invented A team of researchers have built the world's first sonic tractor beam that can lift
Tractor beams can grab and lift objects, a concept that has been used by science-fiction writers and has fascinated since scientists and engineers.
The team have shown that three different shapes of acoustic force fields work as tractor beams. The first is an acoustic force field that resembles a pair of fingers or tweezers.
The diarylethene molecule contact using electron-beam lithography and the subsequent measurements alone lasted three long years.
"The Large hadron collider at CERN is the world's largest colliding beam storage ring, and the CLS is the smallest,
Their coordinates in hand, scientists can then tell the computer-controlled electron beam lithography tool to place any structure the application calls for in its proper relation to the quantum dots,
They direct a broad beam of noble gas ions onto a gallium arsenide wafer, which, for example, is used in producing high-speed and high-frequency transistors, photocells or light-emitting diodes."
supplies beams from exotic elementary particles called muons, which can be used to study nanomagnetic properties. The project took place in collaboration with a research group headed by Stephen Lee from the University of St andrews, Scotland n
which a beam of electrons smaller than the size of a hydrogen atom is scanned over a sample
The downside of this technique is repeated that the electron beam radiation can progressively damage the sample.
thanks to the electron beam energy being kept below the radiation damage threshold of tungsten. Miao and his team showed that the atoms in the tip of the tungsten sample were arranged in nine layers, the sixth
"The powerful X-ray beams created by the synchrotron enabled us to see that Trib1 has undergone huge contortions compared to its ancestors.
bend, twist and reduce diameter of a beam from the macroscale to the nanoscale, "said Mazur."
Lopez said. he successful application of the MEMS technology to manipulate an X-ray beam at very high frequencies will certainly lead to further,
when hit with an electron beam. Equally importantly, they have discovered how and why it happens.
direction using an electron beam because two sides of the membrane are different. Image credit:
when the scientists put the membrane into the beam of a scanning electron microscope, it folded.
When the electron beam hits the molecules on the surface it causes them to form an additional bond with their neighbors,
They envision zapping only a small part of the structure with the electron beam, designing the stresses to achieve particular bending patterns. ou can maybe fold these things into origami structures and all sorts of interesting geometries,
Semiconductor lasers typically emit into elliptical beams that are really hard to work with and the new metasurface optical components could replace expensive optical systems used to circularize the beams.
The small size of these devices would also allow for more compact systems. The team is currently working with industrial partners to create metasurfaces for use in commercial devices such as miniature cameras and spectrometers,
which were prepared by Linyou Cao group at North carolina State university, into a beam of very energetic electrons.
Methods to correct for beam-induced sample movements and new classification methods that can separate out several different structures within a single sample have also been developed.
The beams of light emanating from the fluorescence molecules can be measured through the top of the mice skulls.
which splits a laser pulse into two beams to create an interference pattern on a surface.
but it requires precise alignment of the beams, and isn't very bright. Haider Butt and his colleagues overcame those problems using a nanosecond laser than can print ink holograms about a square centimetre in size in just five nanoseconds."
which divide a single pulsed beam using beam splitters and then recombine them to produce holograms and nanopatterns,
"Here we use only a single beam, which is reflected normally from a mirror, "he added."
"The incident and reflected beams interfere, and this interference pattern is used for writing/printing holograms.
#Tractor beam lifts and moves small objects Researchers have built a working tractor beam that uses high-amplitude sound waves to generate an acoustic hologram that can pick up
The tractor beam is said to work by surrounding the object with high-intensity sound and this creates a force field that keeps the objects in place.
The team has shown that three different shapes of acoustic force fields work as tractor beams. The first is an acoustic force field that resembles a pair or tweezers.
#Tractor beam lifts and moves small objects Researchers have built a working tractor beam that uses high-amplitude sound waves to generate an acoustic hologram that can pick up
The tractor beam is said to work by surrounding the object with high-intensity sound and this creates a force field that keeps the objects in place.
The team has shown that three different shapes of acoustic force fields work as tractor beams. The first is an acoustic force field that resembles a pair or tweezers.
twisters or bottles emerge as the optimum mechanisms for tractor beams or containerless transportation. Here's how Bristol University explains one goes about making acoustic pincers:
The researchers demonstrated the method using an ARCAM electron beam melting system (EBM) in which successive layers of a metal powder are fused together by an electron beam into a three-dimensional product.
Rather than the light used in a traditional microscope this technique uses focused beams of electrons to illuminate a sample and form images with atomic resolution.
The instrument produces a large number of two-dimensional electron beam images which a computer then reconstructs into three-dimensional structure.
Under a strong electric field the cathode emits tight high-speed beams of electrons through its sharp nanotube tips--a phenomenon called field emission.
Field emission electron sources catch scientists'attention due to its ability to provide intense electron beams that are about a thousand times denser than conventional thermionic cathode (like filaments in an incandescent light bulb.
it is normally necessary to use a beam of coherent light, light for which knowing the phase
or intensity for one part of the beam allows you to know things about distant parts of the same beam.
In the JQI experiment, the waves coming through the slits meets with a beam splitter,
commonly called a beam splitter, effectively makes two copies of the light field. That way the two detectors can simultaneously sample the light from virtual positions that can be as close as desired
and cutting department at the Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS in Dresden describing the complex changes that take place inside the material.
The plasma light is split into two beam channels and broken down into several wavebands like the colors of a rainbow
In the first beam channel light-sensitive electronic components known as CCD line sensors record the entire spectrum of the sample.
The second beam channel produces time-resolved measurements of individual spectral lines--adjusted so that the instrument can distinguish between light emitted by te plasma
As a result we only require a single beam channel and thus a single optical unit says Brockherde.
Rethinking roboticslee a sophomore who plans to major in chemistry spent his high school years building everything from a robot that can balance on a beam to a robotic arm that can throw a ball.
it beams data to the screen of a pager-size reader. He uses the information to help decide what to eat
when the driver in the opposite lane blinds you with his high beams or when the glare from the truck behind keeps you from looking in the rearview mirror a solution might be just around the corner.
Conventional augmented reality glasses use lenses, beam splitters, waveguides, reflectors, and other optics to relay an image to the eye,
When a beam of concentrated light from the array of lenses hits the material, it heats up part of it,
even though they re in motion relative to the Earth s surface because they use technology called beam-forming to direct their signals.
#High-capacity batteries made from wood pulp NEW YORK: Ever heard of a battery made of wood pulp?
Here is developed one by researchers from KTH Royal Institute of technology, Sweden, and Stanford university, US. Using nanocellulose broken down from tree fibres,
Ever heard of a battery made of wood pulp? Here is developed one by researchers from KTH Royal Institute of technology, Sweden,
Their version of the device, the Nanofrazor, has been able to outperform conventional electron-beam lithography equipment used in the semiconductor manufacturing process and costs just $500
is a titanium alloy implant manufactured with Electron Beam Melt (EBM) technology. Due to its 3d printed nature, the implant can both be customized to the patient,
the Lyter releases a beam to the Lytepuck, which carries the commands to activate the responses as required.
But when the two beams are combined and directed in a way that they meet at a certain point on the object,
and red beams that are directed on to a small focal point on the object. Examination of dynamic processes In the case of the zebrafish larva,
XPS is used a technique to measure the surface chemistry of a particular material by firing a beam of x-rays at it
The gold nano-spirals in this study were created using scanning electron-beam lithography-platinum or silver would also be suitable materials,
or beam, is a long and thin strip of microscopic dimensions (5 micrometers long, 1 micrometer wide and 90 nanometers thick), connected tightly to a chip.
To generate that beam of ions, the researchers used a large particle accelerator called a cyclotron, which accelerates protons through a spiral path inside the machine
a laser beam can be split onto two arms by a beam-splitter and recombined with beam combiner.
The light waves then overlap (they"interfere) "and strengthen or weaken each other, depending on how their relative state of phase in the two arms of the interferometer.
Possible solutions include development of complex antenna arrays that may provide novel capabilities such as beam steering--the capability to transmit in many different directions to point the beam directly at the receiving device and even track mobile devices.
As a result, they create a reflected beam as well as a perceptible shadow behind and become detectable.
As the beam hits these molecules, it can produce photons that have a different frequency from the laser light.
Synchrotron X-ray scattering utilizes a particle accelerator to generate X-ray beams that allow researchers to determine how atoms
which continues the beam through a series of lenses, a mirror and a Galvano scanner,
An unknown'transmission system'would fire the beams towards their target. No other technical specifications have been given
This scanner positions the beam through two more lenses onto a mirror to finally show the final voxel shape,
Wattup combats this problem with a type of beam-forming technology. That Bluetooth connection is used to focus a tight cone of electromagnetic waves on the target,
The Bluetooth tether that is used to direct beam-forming can also authenticate devices. Wattup can operate in protected mode where only authorized devices can connect,
and shape the resultant beam, scanning it across the room analogous to the idea of phased array optics.
the individual array beams combining coherently in the air to form a single light beam and a spot on the screen. herefore, thanks to the complexity of the task at hand,
or more of the beams can be swiveled to shine on the deer or human, possibly strobing (flashing) the object to lock them in place.
Automakers would like to use multi-array headlamp elements to paint a high-beam picture of the road ahead,
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