#One-jab universal flu shot in offing MELBOURNE: Scientists have uncovered how human immune cells remember previously encountered strains of influenza,
a discovery that may pave the way for a single universal flu shot to immunize people for their entire lives.
but we knew we had come face-to-face with a potential pandemic that could kill millions of people around the world
These findings lead to the potential of moving from vaccines for specific influenza strains towards developing a protection,
we're talking about a history-altering event on the Spanish flu scale. As it turns out,
"Our extraordinary breakthrough could lead to the development of a vaccine component that can protect against all new influenza viruses, with the potential for future development of a one-off universal flu vaccine shot,
Experts find proof In a major medical breakthrough, scientists at the National Brain Research Centre (NBRC) have reported clinical evidence supporting the role of a novel biomarker in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.
Glutathione (GSH), the biomarker, is a natural antioxidant that protects the brain from damage. Researchers claim that those suffering from the disease have reduced GSH as compared to the healthy individuals."
"The conventional methods for diagnosis of Alzheimer's depend mostly on clinical symptoms or biopsy which is an invasive procedure.
However, the new biomarker can be assessed by MRI-like imaging tests. Also, it can help predict the disease much before its onset,
"said Dr Pravat Mandal, a professor at NBRC and associate professor (adjunct) at the John Hopkins University, Maryland, USA.
"Several animal studies conducted at NBRC have showed the utility of this biomarker in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease previously also.
The findings have been accepted by the international journal'Biological Psychiatry'for publication.""A total 130 people0 Alzheimer's patient, 41 patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment and 49 healthy individualsarticipated in the study.
the patients were recruited through referral from neurologists at AIIMS, the researchers said. They claimed GSH estimation in Hippocampi,
a region of the brain, yielded 100%specificity and sensitivity for distinguishing Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls."
"We propose that estimation of GSH affords a crucial noninvasive measure of Alzheimer's disease progression that could
not only provide clinical insight about the disease's pathophysiology but also expedite the drug development process,
Dr Kameshwar Prasad, professor and head of neurology at AIIMS, said the findings are preliminary."
"If it succeeds to become a practical solution for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's. Early identification can help in giving drug therapy to slow the degeneration process
and develop strategies to enhance the patient's living environment, "he said. Alzheimer's is one of the common brain disorders that affects nearly 35 million people worldwide.
By 2050, experts said, about one in 85 individuals over the age of 65 years will suffer from the disease s
#Created: First artificial molecular pump WASHINGTON: Scientists have developed the first man-made molecular pump, which transports key proteins that cells need to function,
#Researchers find new way to treat diabetic blindness WASHINGTON: US researchers said they have found a new way to restore the eyesight in patients who have a blinding eye disease caused by diabetes.
The key is to block a second blood vessel growth protein, along with one that is already well-known,
and preventing diabetic retinopathy, the most common diabetic eye disease, they reported in the US journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Xinhua news agency reported.
Diabetic retinopathy occurs when the normal blood vessels in the eye are replaced over time with abnormal,
damaging the light-sensitive retina and causing blindness. Forty to 45 percent of Americans with diabetes have diabetic retinopathy, according to the US National Eye Institute.
Laser-sealing eye blood vessels can save central vision, but this often sacrifices peripheral and night vision, according to the researchers at the Johns hopkins university and the University of Maryland.
But studies have shown that although these drugs slow progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it does not reliably prevent it,
said lead author Akrit Sodhi, an assistant professor of ophthalmology at the Johns hopkins university School of medicine. To find an explanation,
people with diabetes who did not have diabetic retinopathy and people with diabetic retinopathy of varying severity were tested.
While levels of VEGF tended to be higher in those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy some of their fluid had less VEGF than did the healthy participants.
But even the low-VEGF fluid from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy stimulated blood vessel growth in lab-grown cells."
"The results suggested to us that although VEFG clearly plays an important role in blood vessel growth,
and angiopoietin-like 4 in fluid from the eyes of people with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it markedly reduced blood vessel growth in lab-grown cells.
it might be combined with the anti-VEGF drugs to prevent many cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
whether angiopoietin-like 4 might also play a role in other eye diseases, such as macular degeneration,
US researchers said they have found a new way to restore the eyesight in patients who have a blinding eye disease caused by diabetes.
and preventing diabetic retinopathy, the most common diabetic eye disease, they reported in the US journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Xinhua news agency reported.
Diabetic retinopathy occurs when the normal blood vessels in the eye are replaced over time with abnormal,
damaging the light-sensitive retina and causing blindness. Forty to 45 percent of Americans with diabetes have diabetic retinopathy, according to the US National Eye Institute.
Laser-sealing eye blood vessels can save central vision, but this often sacrifices peripheral and night vision, according to the researchers at the Johns hopkins university and the University of Maryland.
But studies have shown that although these drugs slow progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it does not reliably prevent it,
said lead author Akrit Sodhi, an assistant professor of ophthalmology at the Johns hopkins university School of medicine. To find an explanation,
people with diabetes who did not have diabetic retinopathy and people with diabetic retinopathy of varying severity were tested.
While levels of VEGF tended to be higher in those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy some of their fluid had less VEGF than did the healthy participants.
But even the low-VEGF fluid from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy stimulated blood vessel growth in lab-grown cells."
"The results suggested to us that although VEFG clearly plays an important role in blood vessel growth,
and angiopoietin-like 4 in fluid from the eyes of people with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it markedly reduced blood vessel growth in lab-grown cells.
it might be combined with the anti-VEGF drugs to prevent many cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
whether angiopoietin-like 4 might also play a role in other eye diseases, such as macular degeneration,
#Machine that unboils eggs now being used to improve cancer treatment A machine that can be used to uncook eggs is now being used to dramatically improve the effectiveness of a cancer treatment.
Using the invention on carboplatin a common cancer treatment drug, used against ovarian and lung cancers has boosted the potency by almost five times.
and this has got applications in chemistry, engineering, biology, medicine, so there's a lot of potential there and that's just for research purposes,
"Raston told ABC News. A machine that can be used to uncook eggs is now being used to dramatically improve the effectiveness of a cancer treatment.
Using the invention on carboplatin a common cancer treatment drug, used against ovarian and lung cancers has boosted the potency by almost five times.
and this has got applications in chemistry, engineering, biology, medicine, so there's a lot of potential there and that's just for research purposes,
#In a first, cold sore virus used to fight cancer cells Scientists have the first proof that a"brand new"way of combating cancer,
Specialists at the NHS Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) confirmed that melanoma skin cancer patients treated with a modified herpes virus (the virus that causes cold sores) had improved survival-a world first.
inoperable malignant melanoma, those treated with the virus therapy-known as T-VEC-at an earlier stage survived, on average,
randomised trial of a so-called oncolytic virus to show success. Cancer scientists predict it will be the first of many in the coming years-adding a new weapon to our arsenal of cancer treatments.
Other forms of immunotherapy-the stimulation of the body's own immune system to fight cancer-using antibodies rather viruses,
Viral immunotherapies are also being investigated for use against advanced head and neck cancers, bladder cancers and liver cancers.
Kevin Harrington, UK trial leader and professor of biological cancer therapies at the ICR and an honorary consultant at the Royal Marsden, said he hoped the treatment could be available for routine use within a year in many countries
"We hope this is the first of a wave of indications for these sorts of cancer fighting agents that we will see coming through in the next decade or so."
and kill human cells that can make them such promising cancer treatments.""The study, which is published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, included 436 patients, all of
whom had aggressive, inoperable malignant melanoma. More than 16 per cent of patients were responding to treatment after six months,
Alan Melcher, professor of clinical oncology and biotherapy at the University of Leeds, and an expert in oncolytic viruses, said the field had accelerated quickly in recent years."
is that they work by stimulating an immune response against cancer, "he said.""The field has moved very quickly clinically.
"Dr Hayley Frend, science information manager at Cancer Research UK, said the potential for viruses in future cancer treatments was"exciting"."
Melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the UK, and is becoming more widespread
if the cancer-indicated by the appearance of a new mole on the skin-is caught early.
and 2, 000 people still die from melanoma in the UK every year. Scientists have the first proof that a"brand new"way of combating cancer,
using genetically modified viruses to attack tumour cells, can benefit patients, paving the way for a"wave"of new%potential treatments over the next decade.
Specialists at the NHS Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) confirmed that melanoma skin cancer patients treated with a modified herpes virus (the virus that causes cold sores) had improved survival-a world first.
those treated with the virus therapy-known as T-VEC-at an earlier stage survived, on average,
randomised trial of a so-called oncolytic virus to show success. Cancer scientists predict it will be the first of many in the coming years-adding a new weapon to our arsenal of cancer treatments.
Other forms of immunotherapy-the stimulation of the body's own immune system to fight cancer-using antibodies rather viruses,
Viral immunotherapies are also being investigated for use against advanced head and neck cancers, bladder cancers and liver cancers.
Kevin Harrington, UK trial leader and professor of biological cancer therapies at the ICR and an honorary consultant at the Royal Marsden, said he hoped the treatment could be available for routine use within a year in many countries
"We hope this is the first of a wave of indications for these sorts of cancer fighting agents that we will see coming through in the next decade or so."
and kill human cells that can make them such promising cancer treatments.""The study, which is published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, included 436 patients, all of
whom had aggressive, inoperable malignant melanoma. More than 16 per cent of patients were responding to treatment after six months,
Alan Melcher, professor of clinical oncology and biotherapy at the University of Leeds, and an expert in oncolytic viruses, said the field had accelerated quickly in recent years."
is that they work by stimulating an immune response against cancer, "he said.""The field has moved very quickly clinically.
"Dr Hayley Frend, science information manager at Cancer Research UK, said the potential for viruses in future cancer treatments was"exciting"."
Melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the UK, and is becoming more widespread
if the cancer-indicated by the appearance of a new mole on the skin-is caught early.
and 2, 000 people still die from melanoma in the UK every year r
#Cells that aid hearing, balance created in lab LONDON: Scientists have developed successfully a way to coax embryonic stem cells to become the inner-ear hair cells
This is an important step for the future production of large numbers of these cells for use in cell transplantation therapies or large-scale drug screens, researchers from the Molecular Medicine Institute in Lisbon,
the team led by Domingos Henrique from the Molecular Medicine Institute in Lisbon, Portugal decided to follow a different strategy."
foam-like battery material that can withstand shock and stress.""It is possible to make incredible materials from trees
foam-like battery material that can withstand shock and stress.""It is possible to make incredible materials from trees
so that the drug they make is slightly different than versions used in hospitals today. The process of creating erythromycin begins with three basic building blocks called metabolic precursors chemical compounds that are combined
so that the drug they make is slightly different than versions used in hospitals today. The process of creating erythromycin begins with three basic building blocks called metabolic precursors chemical compounds that are combined
"What happens if someone had plastic surgery to look like someone else, "one user asked.""How much will it take to turn my face into Jack Ma's (founder of Ali baba?(
"What happens if someone had plastic surgery to look like someone else, "one user asked.""How much will it take to turn my face into Jack Ma's (founder of Ali baba?(
senior study author and an associate professor in the UC San diego School of medicine Department of Pathology. Five other genetic mutations have previously been identified by research groups as pivotal in achromatopsia."
The families received testing in the lab of Susanne Kohl, the study's first author from Centre for Ophthalmology at University of Tuebingen in Germany.
"In this particular disease, we think a mutation in the ATF6 gene disrupts the UPR process
because this (UPR) is a new pathway found to be involved in this disease, "he said d
#Tata doctors find way to cut oral cancer risk Tata Memorial Hospital, the cancer hub in Parel, announced a breakthrough on Tuesday that could
not only reduce the risk of death for oral cancer patients by 36 %but also prevent recurrence of the disease by 55%.
%The innovation is an'extra cut'-a dissection in medical parlance-along the neck to detect
if the patient's cancer had spread from his/her oral cavity to the neck. The cut would be a prophylaxis-a preventive medicine-against aggressive cancer forms
and prevent the need for chemotherapy or radiation. The findings were announced by Tata Memorial Centre's Dr Anil D'Cruz at an ongoing meeting of American Society of Clinical Oncology at Chicago on May 31.
The findings were published also in the latest edition of New england Journal of Medicine. The study assumes significance
because India carries the highest burden of oral cancer in the world, with around 1 lakh new patients detected every year.
It is the most common cancer among Indian men and third most common among Indian women.
Worse, almost half of them die within 12 months of diagnosis, because of the delay in seeking treatment.
At a press conference held in the Parel hospital on Tuesday, one of the other investigators Dr Pankaj Chaturvedi said,
"When a patient comes with a lesion in his oral cavity, be it his her tongue
or jaw bone, it's not possible to say whether the cancer has progressed beyond to the neck region.
This is especially in the early stages of oral cancer.''''At present, patients may choose to not undergo neck dissection and wait until some cancerous bulge-basically,
a recurrence-appears in his/her neck. It has been one of medicine's long standing ethical debate on
whether or not early stage oral cancer patients should undergo a neck dissection. On one hand, the dissection is a delicate operation
because the cut is made near important nerves (for facial expression and spine), veins and arteries running along the neck.
On the other hand, if patients choose to not undergo a neck dissection, they may be at the risk of not diagnosing the cancer's complete spread early enough.
This could impact their quality of life and more importantly, their survival.""But this research has put an end to this debate.
A neck detection can save more lives. All it requires is 30 minutes extra on the operation table,''added Dr Chaturvedi.
#Tata docs find way to cut oral cancer risk Tata Memorial Hospital, the cancer hub in Parel, announced a breakthrough on Tuesday that could
not only reduce the risk of death for oral cancer patients by 36 %but also prevent recurrence of the disease by 55%.
%The innovation is an'extra cut'-a dissection in medical parlance-along the neck to detect
if the patient's cancer had spread from his/her oral cavity to the neck. The cut would be a prophylaxis-a preventive medicine-against aggressive cancer forms
and prevent the need for chemotherapy or radiation. The findings were announced by Tata Memorial Centre's Dr Anil D'Cruz at an ongoing meeting of American Society of Clinical Oncology at Chicago on May 31.
The findings were published also in the latest edition of New england Journal of Medicine. The study assumes significance
because India carries the highest burden of oral cancer in the world, with around 1 lakh new patients detected every year.
It is the most common cancer among Indian men and third most common among Indian women.
Worse, almost half of them die within 12 months of diagnosis, because of the delay in seeking treatment.
At a press conference held in the Parel hospital on Tuesday, one of the other investigators Dr Pankaj Chaturvedi said,
"When a patient comes with a lesion in his oral cavity, be it his her tongue
or jaw bone, it's not possible to say whether the cancer has progressed beyond to the neck region.
This is especially in the early stages of oral cancer.''''At present, patients may choose to not undergo neck dissection and wait until some cancerous bulge-basically,
a recurrence-appears in his/her neck. It has been one of medicine's long standing ethical debate on
whether or not early stage oral cancer patients should undergo a neck dissection. On one hand, the dissection is a delicate operation
because the cut is made near important nerves (for facial expression and spine), veins and arteries running along the neck.
On the other hand, if patients choose to not undergo a neck dissection, they may be at the risk of not diagnosing the cancer's complete spread early enough.
This could impact their quality of life and more importantly, their survival.""But this research has put an end to this debate.
A neck detection can save more lives. All it requires is 30 minutes extra on the operation table,''added Dr Chaturvedi.
The product uses"low levels of pulsed electrical energy to signal specific neural pathways, allowing users to dial up or dial down their stress responses and energy levels."
The method, called Virscan, developed by Howard hughes medical institute (HHMI) researchers can test for current and past infections with any known human virus,
including HIV and hepatitis C. The method, called Virscan, is an efficient alternative to existing diagnostics that test for specific viruses one at a time.
Stephen Elledge, an HHMI investigator at Brigham and Women's hospital and his colleagues have used already Virscan to screen the blood of 569 people in the US, South africa, Thailand, and Peru.
The immune system ramps up production of pathogen-specific antibodies when it encounters a virus for the first time
or decades after it clears an infection. PTI That means Virscan not only identifies viral infections that the immune system is actively fighting,
but also provides a history of an individual's past infections. To develop the new test,
Elledge and his colleagues synthesised more than 93,000 short pieces of DNA encoding different segments of viral proteins.
either through infection or through vaccination. The study was published in the journal Science e
#Now, aircraft wings that can'self heal'on the fly Even the researchers involved in the project describe it as"verging on science fiction".
which could soon produce self-healing nail polish and a cure for cracked mobile phone screens. A team at the University of Bristol has been quietly developing the technology for the past three years.
which could soon produce self-healing nail polish and a cure for cracked mobile phone screens. A team at the University of Bristol has been quietly developing the technology for the past three years.
Surgeons first rewired remaining foot nerve endings from a patient's stump to healthy tissue in the thigh,
"Plus the amputation is tied often to a traumatic experience like an accident or illness, and the mind keeps reliving these memories,
"Importantly, post-surgery recovery is quick and there are no known health dangers associated with the intervention,
Surgeons first rewired remaining foot nerve endings from a patient's stump to healthy tissue in the thigh,
"Plus the amputation is tied often to a traumatic experience like an accident or illness, and the mind keeps reliving these memories,
"Importantly, post-surgery recovery is quick and there are no known health dangers associated with the intervention,
#Copper and its alloys destroy'stomach flu'virus Metal surfaces containing copper can destroy human norovirus, one of the causes of gastroenteritis or'stomach flu,
including copious vomiting and diarrhea. It is a major problem on cruise ships, in restaurants, and in elder care homes, where the disease is transmitted easily by environmental contamination,
"said Clyde Manuel, a doctoral student of North carolina State university, Raleigh.""This is the first study to demonstrate copper's destructive powers against human norovirus,
Several earlier studies have established that copper is very effective against a host of bacteria that cause a variety of human diseases including stomach ailments, pneumonia,
meningitis, skin infections etc. But this is the first study to record copper's action against a virus. In the study,
He notes that a hospital intensive care unit that recently replaced other materials in high touch surfaces with copper reduced the overall infection rate by half.
#New sensor to detect cancer, HIV, hepatitis Researchers have developed a highly sensitive nanomechanical sensor that can detect cancerous tumours as well as viral disease markers for HIV,
hepatitis and herpes. Researchers from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) developed the ultracompact nanomechanical sensor for analysing the chemical composition of substances and detecting biological objects.
The sensor can detect viral disease markers, which appear when the immune system responds to incurable
or hard-to-cure diseases, including HIV, hepatitis, herpes, and many others. The sensor will also enable doctors to identify tumour markers,
whose presence in the body signals the emergence and growth of cancerous tumours. The highly sensitive sensor will allow for diagnosing diseases long before they can be detected by any other method,
which will pave the way for a new-generation of diagnostics, researchers said. Calculations done by the researchers,
Dmitry Fedyanin and Yury Stebunov, showed that the new sensor will combine high sensitivity with a comparative ease of production
and miniature dimensions, allowing it to be used in all portable devices, such as smartphones, wearable electronics, etc.
#New sensor to detect cancer, HIV Researchers have developed a highly sensitive nanomechanical sensor that can detect cancerous tumours as well as viral disease markers for HIV,
hepatitis and herpes. Researchers from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) developed the ultracompact nanomechanical sensor for analysing the chemical composition of substances and detecting biological objects.
The sensor can detect viral disease markers, which appear when the immune system responds to incurable
or hard-to-cure diseases, including HIV, hepatitis, herpes, and many others. The sensor will also enable doctors to identify tumour markers,
whose presence in the body signals the emergence and growth of cancerous tumours. The highly sensitive sensor will allow for diagnosing diseases long before they can be detected by any other method
which will pave the way for a new-generation of diagnostics, researchers said. Calculations done by the researchers,
Dmitry Fedyanin and Yury Stebunov, showed that the new sensor will combine high sensitivity with a comparative ease of production
and miniature dimensions, allowing it to be used in all portable devices, such as smartphones, wearable electronics, etc.
Researchers have developed a highly sensitive nanomechanical sensor that can detect cancerous tumours as well as viral disease markers for HIV,
hepatitis and herpes. Researchers from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) developed the ultracompact nanomechanical sensor for analysing the chemical composition of substances and detecting biological objects.
The sensor can detect viral disease markers, which appear when the immune system responds to incurable
or hard-to-cure diseases, including HIV, hepatitis, herpes, and many others. The sensor will also enable doctors to identify tumour markers,
whose presence in the body signals the emergence and growth of cancerous tumours. The highly sensitive sensor will allow for diagnosing diseases long before they can be detected by any other method
which will pave the way for a new-generation of diagnostics, researchers said. Calculations done by the researchers,
Dmitry Fedyanin and Yury Stebunov, showed that the new sensor will combine high sensitivity with a comparative ease of production
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