The study, published online July 13th in Cancer cell, offers a target for the development of a drug that could prevent metastasis in prostate cancer,
Although not all molecules are turned easily into drugs, at least one pharma company has developed already a drug that inhibits DNA-PKCS,
and is currently testing it in a phase 1 study (NCT01353625.""We are enthusiastic about the next step of clinical assessment for testing DNA-PKCS inhibitors in the clinic.
#New compounds may treat depression rapidly with few side effects Array"Our results open up a whole new class of potential antidepressant medications,
"Currently, most people with depression take medications that increase levels of the neurochemical serotonin in the brain.
The most common of these drugs, such as Prozac and Lexapro, are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIS.
In addition, even when these drugs work, they typically take between three and eight weeks to relieve symptoms.
Arraytumor genotype plays an important role in drug resistance in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,
#Potential of blue LEDS as novel chemical-free food preservation technology A team of scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found that blue light emitting diodes (LEDS) have strong antibacterial
they have also been known to have an antibacterial effect. Bacterial cells contain light sensitive compounds that adsorb light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum (400-430 nm),
Existing studies on the antibacterial effect of LED illumination mostly evaluated its efficacy by adding photosensitisers to the food samples
can affect the antibacterial effect of LEDS. In this study, the team placed three major foodborne pathogens--Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli o157:
and found the antibacterial effect to be enhanced most in chilling temperatures. Asst Prof Yuk said,
The findings of the research team will provide an important basis for further translational research on the development of pulmonary fibrosis*and chronic lung diseases in general,
#Nanospheres shield chemo drugs, safely release high doses in response to tumor secretions Scientists have designed nanoparticles that release drugs in the presence of a class of proteins that enable cancers to metastasize.
That is, they have engineered a drug delivery system so that the very enzymes that make cancers dangerous could
and deliver a payload of drug, "said Cassandra Callmann, a graduate student in chemistry and biochemistry at the University of California, San diego,
Callmann created tiny spheres packed with the anticancer drug paclitaxel (also known by the trade names Taxol and Onxal) and coated with a peptide shell.
MMPS tear up that shell releasing the drug. The shell fragments form a ragged mesh that holds the drug molecules near the tumor.
The work, led by Nathan Gianneschi a professor of chemistry and biochemisty at UC San diego, builds on his group's earlier sucess using a similar strategy to mark tumors for both diagnosis and precise surgical removal.
To package the drug into the spheres, Callmann had to add chemical handles. As it turns out, a group of atoms essential to the drug molecule's effectiveness,
and also toxicity, made for a good attachment point. That means the drug was inactivated as it flowed through the circulatory system until it reached the tumor.
The protection allowed the researchers to safely give a dose 16 times higher than they could with the formulation now used in cancer clinics,
using a single lower dose of the drug. In mice treated with the nanoparticles coated with peptides that are impervious to MMPS or given saline,
We'll test this in other models--with other classes of drug and in mice with a cancer that mimics metastatic breast cancer, for example."
#Investigational drug prevents life-threatening side effects of kidney disease treatment A yearlong study of more than 300 patients found that the investigational drug patiromer can reduce elevated blood-potassium levels--a common side effect of drugs
The drug, given in this trial at one of four doses based on disease severity, returned blood potassium levels to normal
When patients stopped taking the medication, potassium levels in the blood began to increase within three days
"The only alternative is a 50-year-old drug that is"difficult to take, poorly tolerated and unpredictable,
Patiromer is a novel medication. It is made of small smooth spherical beads, about one-tenth of a millimeter in diameter--the size of a typical dust particle.
Patients for whom it is appropriate would take the medication indefinitely. The findings"have the potential to fundamentally change the current treatment approach to hyperkalemia,"according to an accompanying editorial by nephrologist Wolfgang Winklemayer, MD, Scd, of Baylor College of Medicine.
In this paper, we provide an effective a way to kill the bacterium that serves as a stimulus for Acne without using an antibiotic,
"Many current medications focus only on one or two part of this process,"said Friedman.""By killing the bacterium and blocking multiple components of the inflammasome,
#HIV uses immune system's own tools to suppress it The study's goal was to determine how HIV manages to compromise antiviral responses in the initial period of infection,
which harbour the virus out of sight from the immune system and antiviral drugs, represent the primary barrier to a cure."
The Interferon then triggers a large array of defence mechanisms in nearby cells, creating an antiviral state that prevents the dissemination and, ultimately,
However, HIV uses the viral protein Vpu to counteract BST2 antiviral activity.""""With this study, we uncovered a unique mechanism
whereby HIV exploits the regulatory process between BST2 and ILT7 to limit the body's antiviral response,
all the while counteracting its direct antiviral activity on HIV production.""""The hope for a definitive cure and an effective vaccine has been frustrated by HIV's endless propensity to subvert the host's defences
"Our findings can provide tools to enhance antiviral responses during the early stages of infection.
while also allowing pdcs to trigger effective antiviral responses. We believe that such interventions during primary infection have the potential to limit the establishment and complexity of viral reservoirs,
which is the basis of current electronics technology.""Because phosphorene is so thin and light,
#Novel glycoengineering technology gives qualitative leap for biologics drug research Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered a way of improving biotech drugs.
Better, cheaper and more effective drugs to combat cancer, arthritis and many other disorders. This is the result of a ground-breaking new technique developed by a group of researchers from the Faculty of health and Medical sciences at the University of Copenhagen.
The method can improve a large number of so-called glycoprotein-based pharmaceuticals used to treat a variety of diseases.
If glycoprotein-based pharmaceuticals are to produce the desired effect, the protein must be provided with a special sugar structure for enhanced therapeutic effect and duration.
Therefore, the production of such pharmaceuticals has so far been extremely laborious, lengthy, of varying quality and hence also very expensive.
and produce more uniform sugar structures faster and more cheaply for many different types of pharmaceuticals;
A minor part of the project has been carried out in collaboration with Novo nordisk.""Sugar structures are like a tree made from building blocks
Great perspectives The new technique holds considerable potential for improving many existing pharmaceuticals. Longer-lasting and improved therapeutic effect and
"We have seen previously examples of optimised sugar structures making pharmaceuticals up to a hundred times more effective. One example is antibodies for cancer patients,
Thus, the drug that is used to treat inflammatory disease may exacerbate malignancies.""Applying IL-6/Stat3 blockers to clinical practice might be dangerous for patients with cancerous lesions,
Aboriginal women and women who use injection drugs were also at greater risk of having HIV in pregnancy
and effective drugs with fewer side effects to treat conditions including high blood pressure, diabetes, depression and even some types of cancer.
which are targeted by about 40 percent of drugs on the market. Its structure while coupled with arrestin provides new insight into the on/off signaling pathways of GPCRS.
Many of the available drugs that activate or deactivate GPCRS block both G proteins and arrestins from docking."
"The new paradigm in drug discovery is that you want to find this selective pathway--how to activate
The study notes that a wide range of drugs would likely be more effective and have fewer side effects with this selective activation.
which would allow development of drugs and prediction of survival. Researchers from BUSM and the University of Cyprus compared the markers on the surface of the cancer cells to gene expression profile of breast tumors deposited by researchers in international public databases
and ultimately drug development and therapy y
#Paper Test Quickly Detects Ebola, Dengue, And Yellow fever Researchers in the US have developed a silver nanoparticle-based paper test to simultaneously detect dengue, yellow fever and Ebola.
#Guinea to Expand Use of Experimental Anti-Ebola Drugs CONAKRY (Reuters)- Guinea's government has authorized the wider use of an experimental drug to treat Ebola in treatment centers after successful initial trials,
The experimental Japanese drug-Avigan, or favipiravir-developed by Toyama Chemical, a subsidiary of Japan's Fujifilm, has been tested by French
and the drug appeared to accelerated the recovery process of patients.""We have decided to broaden the use of this drug.
It will only be available in the Ebola Treatment Units, not the hospitals,"Sakoba Keita,
Health officials have not provided any data for the results of the trials of the anti-Ebola drug.
If so, Kipnis feels targeting the vessels with drugs, genetic manipulation and surgery are therapeutic approaches worth pursuing.
and Pfizer. he devices could become the new standard of care for breast screening in India and other low-resource markets around the world.
and customizable platform for car manufacturers to use as the basis for their vehicles. Czinger and other DM officials talk at length about their vision in this Oeilly interview.
To understand the physical basis of memory, researchers seek to identify where and how the brain changes as learning occurs something that has been very difficult to achieve.
It could also help researchers test the efficacy of new drugs for sickle cell disease which occurs in about 300000 newborns per year more than 75 percent of them in Africa.
The best drug now available hydroxyurea works for only about two-thirds of patients. The research team also includes the paper lead author E (Sarah) Du a former MIT postdoc who is now an assistant professor at Florida Atlantic University;
and they also plan to pursue it as a tool to test potential new drugs for sickle cell disease.
To demonstrate the device usefulness for evaluating new drugs the researchers analyzed a drug called Aes-103 now in phase II clinical trials to treat sickle cell disease
and found that the drug is more effective against red blood cells of higher density which usually have more abnormal hemoglobin
and their computational models offers a novel route for drug discovery. Source: University of Yor v
#First contracting human muscle grown in laboratory The lab-grown tissue should soon allow researchers to test new drugs
and Madden studied its response to a variety of drugs including statins used to lower cholesterol
and clenbuterol a drug known to be used off-label as a performance enhancer for athletes.
The effects of the drugs matched those seen in human patients. The statins had a dose-dependent response causing abnormal fat accumulation at high concentrations.
and experiment to see which drugs would work best for each person. his goal may not be far away;
Bursac is already working on a study with clinicians at Duke Medicinencluding Dwight Koeberl associate professor of pediatricso try to correlate efficacy of drugs in patients with the effects on lab-grown muscles.
these new components can form the basis for the first generation of semitransparent smart devices.
we show that they can provide the basis for flexible and semitransparent electronics. he range of functionalities for the demonstrated heterostructures is expected to grow further on increasing the number of available 2d crystals
#Discovery of a treatment to block the progression of multiple sclerosis A drug that could halt the progression of multiple sclerosis may soon be developed thanks to a discovery by a team at the CHUM Research Centre and the University of Montreal.
Currently, none of the drugs available on the market affect the disease progression. Prothena has developed a potentially disease-modifying antibody, called PRX003,
thus avoiding nonaddictive drug side effects, said Bhatia. ou don want to feel sleepy or unaware, you just want your pain to go away.
and required technology to actually test different drugs to find something that targets the peripheral nervous system and not the central nervous system in a patient specific,
a clinician and professor of medicine. his research will help us understand the response of cells to different drugs and different stimulation responses,
However, two of the previously-discovered genes have led already to the development of new pain killers that are currently been tested in clinical trials. e are very hopeful that this new gene could be an excellent candidate for drug development,
particularly given recent successes with drugs targeting chromatin regulators in human disease, adds Dr Ya-Chun Chen from the University of Cambridge,
It may also help identify rare mutations and subtypes of infectious diseases as well as drug-resistant strains.
T-VEC is one of a new wave of virus-based drugs to show benefits in cancer trials,
The U s. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) are considering findings from the trial to make the treatments available to more patients with advanced melanoma.
The basis for all superconductors is the formation of electron pairs. In the normal non-superconducting phase, the electrons in most metals move independentlyhe scattering of electrons causes electrical resistance.
-or neuro-stimulating drugs. e were able to demonstrate that we could make this scaffold and culture cells within it,
#Scientists invent a new method to synthesize highly valuable amines Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute have created a new method for synthesizing minesa class of organic compounds prominent in drugs and other modern products.
This new method is very useful for synthesizing such complex amines that would be highly valuable in pharmaceuticals,
and ending up with goldxcept that the amines we can make with this new method are often worth much more than their weight in gold mines are very useful for making drugs.
including valuable drug compounds in much more simple way than current methods could offer. How valuable is this method?
product this reaction produces is highly valuable as it is used in a broad variety of drugs.
since 1969 and is found in a huge range of food products, from canned foods to ice cream, pharmaceuticals and beauty products.
Beyond that, the polymer may have a wide range of applications such as thickening of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, fruit juices, cosmetics and personal care products.
In their broader uses, microbial polymers are used for food production, chemical production, detergents, cosmetics, paints, pesticides, fertilizers, film formers, lubricants, explosives, pharmaceutical production and waste treatment.
an ex vivo microenvironment that can accurately anticipate a multiple myeloma patient response to a drug.
a drug commonly used in multiple myeloma therapy. And after only three days, the researchers could determine
whether the drug was effective or not. They compared the results of their ex vivo tests with the success
or failure rates of actual patients who had received the drug and an unprecedented 100 percent of the ex vivo test results matched the results of the patients.
The new assay could save many multiple myeloma cancer patients the psychological stress of having to try multiple drugs until they find the most effective one.
In addition, they are starting to consider what this discovery means for other cancer types and other drugs.
although their work is far from over. his is only one type of cancer, one particular drug,
as well as screening and translation of new classes of drugs, Singh said g
#New drug triggers tissue regeneration: Faster regrowth and healing of damaged tissues Research focuses on select tissues injured through disease, surgery and transplants,
but early findings indicate potential for broad applicationsthe concept sounds like the stuff of science fiction:
take a pill, and suddenly new tissues grow to replace damaged ones. Researchers at Case Western Reserve and UT Southwestern Medical center this week announced that they have taken significant steps toward turning this once-improbable idea into a vivid reality.
they detail how a new drug repaired damage to the colon, liver and bone marrow in animal models even going so far as to save the lives of mice who otherwise would have died in a bone marrow transplantation model. e are excited very,
the Ingalls Professor of Cancer Genetics at the university School of medicine and a medical oncologist at University Hospitals Case Medical center Seidman Cancer Center. e have developed a drug that acts like a vitamin for tissue stem cells,
The drug heals damage in multiple tissues, which suggests to us that it may have applications in treating many diseases. he institutions collaborating on this work next hope to develop the drug now known as W033291for use in human patients.
Because of the areas of initial success they first would focus on individuals who are receiving bone marrow transplants, individuals with ulcerative colitis,
The key to the drug potential involves a molecule the body produces that is known as prostaglandin E2, or PGE2.
the pair began searching for a way to inactivate 15-PGDH on a short-term basis. The preliminary work began in test tubes.
which means it has promise to work as a drug. series of experiments showed that SW033291 could inactivate 15-PGDH in a test tube and inside a cell,
SW033291 accelerated regrowth of new liver nearly twice as fast as normally happens without medication.
which in turn could allow patients to take lower dosages of other medications that treat colitis some
But having a drug to accelerate the liver regrowth could make surgery a viable option.
The team next step will be to complete studies showing safety of SW033291-related compounds in larger animals, a required part of the pathway to secure approval from the U s. Food and Drug Administration
If the drugs prove safe and effective in those clinical trials they could then become available for general use by physicians.
there has been a major effort in the last two to three years to figure out how all our institutions can together work to develop drugs.
It helps put us on the map as a place where new drugs get invented. arkowitz added that this research received crucial financial assistance from Case Western Reserve University School of medicine Council to Advance Human Health (CAHH
Case Western Reserve, led the experiments that identified the drug. Desai, Case Western Reserve, performed experiments that showed that SW033291 works in bone marrow transplantation in mice.
and Shuguang Wei, all at UT-Southwestern, Dallas. n impressive number of individuals contributed to the discovery of this 15-PGDH inhibitor drug,
Multiple myeloma in a petri dish can be used to anticipate its response to a drug, which eliminates need to test all drugs directly on the patient.
Then scientists treated this cancer in a dish with common drug called bortezomib, which is used often to treat myeloma,
which improves ability to accurately gauge its reaction to drugs. Multiple myeloma that scientists are interested so in is a universally fatal cancer.
However, it can save many multiple myeloma cancer patients the psychological stress of having to try multiple drugs until they find the most effective one.
Scientists are already thinking how to expand this assay to test responsiveness to different drugs of other cancers as well.
Transistors, which form the basis of today computing, are tiny devices that stop the flow of electric current (off and on,
could one day revolutionize the way new drugs and toxic agents are studied. y developing this omo minutus,
There are huge benefits in developing drug and toxicity analysis systems that can mimic the response of actual human organs,
Some 40 percent of pharmaceuticals fail their clinical trials and there are thousands of chemicals whose effects on humans are simply unknown.
Lubricant base oils can produce even more greenhouse gas emissions on a per-mass basis than petroleum-derived fuels
Kertesz noted that this system has been used successfully for spatially resolved sampling and detection of drugs and metabolites from thin sections of animal tissue and proteins from dried blood. n the basis of the results and the relative simplicity,
#Scientists successfully test immunogen a component for potential HIV vaccine Team of researchers from The Scripps Research Institute, INTERNATIONAL AIDS Vaccine Initiative and The Rockefeller University have shown successfully that an experimental vaccine candidate
but slightly different proteins, called immunogens, to train the body to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV.
so called oostershot, where a person is exposed to the same immunogen multiple times, until develops imunity to a certain disease.
This protein is called an immunogen eod-GT8 60mer. This compound had to be tested, so another lab using genetic engineering created a mouse model to produce antibodies that resemble human antibodies.
This suggests that eod-GT8 60mer immunogen could be a good candidate to serve as the first in a series of immunizations against HIV.
Professor David Nemazee evaluated results like that he vaccine appears to work well in our mouse model to rimethe antibody response In another research scientists used the same immunogen in a slightly different mouse model,
which showed promising results As well as scientists have taken approach to collect a variety of different immunogens to develop a united HIV vaccine,
now they have to find other needed immunogens. For further testing mouse models will have to be developed,
To that end, in 2013 Ruggero and UCSF colleague Kevan M. Shokat, Phd, professor of cellular and molecular pharmacology and a Howard hughes medical institute Investigator, founded San diego-based effector Therapeutics
in part by characterizing drug action and identifying targets related to the cell translational mechanisms. Some of the results in the new work reported in Cell made use of techniques that UCSF has licensed exclusively to effector.
and carry payloads of pharmaceutical drugs to targeted tissues. However, when usual methods to produce carbon nanoparticles are rather complex
They used spectroscopy to confirm the formulation as well as visualize the delivery of the particles and drug molecules.
The experiment showed that the carbon nanoparticles did not release the drug payload at room temperature
They began to release the anticancer drug only at body temperature. Scientists also found that they can alter the infusion of the particles into melanoma cells by adjusting the polymer coatings.
Study showed that cancer cells were affected positively by drugs delivered by these carbon nanoparticles. These carbon nanoparticles,
They can be used to carry a variety of different drugs into a human body. It is a very versatile platform to treat melanoma, other kinds of cancers and other diseases.
as well as to make it carry several different drugs at the same time to allow for a multidrug therapy with the same particles.
and tune them to release the drugs in the presence of the cellular environment. This is a great achievement,
which will eventually lead to innovative drug therapies for cancer and other diseases i
#Access to electricity and artificial light shortened time of our sleep Science knows that nowadays people tend to sleep less than they used to before modern times.
Gu also holds appointments in the UNC School of medicine, the UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, and the UNC Diabetes Care Center. he whole system can be personalized to account for a diabetic weight and sensitivity to insulin,
njecting the wrong amount of medication can lead to significant complications like blindness and limb amputations,
#Nanowire implants offer remote-controlled drug delivery A team of Purdue University researchers developed a new implantable drug-delivery system using the nanowires,
which can be controlled wirelessly to release small amounts of a drug payload. A team of researchers has created a new implantable drug-delivery system using nanowires that can be controlled wirelessly.
The nanowires respond to an electromagnetic field generated by a separate device, which can be used to control the release of a preloaded drug.
The system eliminates tubes and wires required by other implantable devices that can lead to infection and other complications,
Purdue University Mari Hulman George Professor of Applied Neuroscience and director of Purdue Center for Paralysis Research. his tool allows us to apply drugs as needed directly to the site of injury,
but it is our hope that this could one day be used to deliver drugs directly to spinal cord injuries, ulcerations, deep bone injuries or tumors,
or chemotherapy. he team tested the drug-delivery system in mice with compression injuries to their spinal cords
The nanowires can be loaded with a drug and when the correct electromagnetic field is applied, the nanowires release small amounts of the payload.
The magnitude and wave form of the electromagnetic field must be tuned to obtain the optimum release of the drug
and the precise mechanisms that release the drug are understood not yet well, she said. The team is investigating the release process.
The electromagnetic field is likely affecting the interaction between the nanomaterial and the drug molecules, Borgens said. e think it is a combination of charge effects
and release drugs, he said. t is a reversible process. Once the electromagnetic field is removed, the polymer snaps back to the initial architecture
and retains the remaining drug molecules . or each different drug the team would need to find the corresponding optimal electromagnetic field for its release,
Gao said. This study builds on previous work by Borgens and Gao. Gao first had to figure out how to grow polypyrrole in a long vertical architecture,
which allows it to hold larger amounts of a drug and extends the potential treatment period.
Functional Drug Delivery Using Electromagnetic field-Responsive Polypyrrole Nanowires, was published in the journal Langmuir. Other team members involved in the research include John Cirillo,
In addition, the concentration of drug maintained during treatment is known not because it is below the limits of systemic detection,
very small dose of a drug to effectively serve as a big dose right where you need it,
Borgens said. y the time the drug diffuses from the site out into the rest of the body it is in amounts that are undetectable in the usual tests to monitor the concentration of drugs in the bloodstream. olypyrrole is an inert and biocompatable material,
which the drug delivery device will work. The current system appears to be limited to a depth in tissue of less than 3 centimeters
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