And while wee still far from turning new insights into effective and safe drugs at least the emerging knowledge is giving researchers some options in exploring potential treatments.
drug researchers might be able to zero in on specific common pathways or types of cells in attempts to tackle these disorders.
which manages pharmacy benefits for 90 million members in the U s . and processes 1. 4 billion prescriptions a year, has scoured its data from doctorsoffices, pharmacies,
and laboratories to detect patterns that might alert doctors to potential adverse drug interactions and other prescription issues.
Doctors can now know 12 months in advance, with an accuracy rate of 98 percent, which of their patients may fail to take their medicine.
the scientists who authored the editorial say society needs to develop ntegrated risk managementincluding genetic antidotes that could reverse the effect,
the basis of all computing today. his is our attempt to find the analogous device to the transistor,
The theoretical basis of topological qubits was sketched first out at UC Santa barbara roughly eight years ago,
the U s. Food & Drug Administration approved Neuropace, the first implant that both records from the brain and stimulates it (see apping Seizures Away.
and who can be helped with drugs and psychotherapy. his is never going to be a first-line option:
Researchers have speculated for decades that a drug that could inhibit IDE might help some type 2 diabetes patients.
Small-molecule drugs, which make up the majority of medicines, are compounds far smaller than less common biological medicines like antibodies.
which may be why the Harvard team was able to identify an IDE-controlling drug when so many had failed in the past.
The newly identified IDE inhibitor could be the starting point for developing a powerful new drug for type 2 diabetes.
#Nerve-Stimulating Implant Could Lower Blood pressure An implantable device that reduces blood pressure by stimulating a nerve in the neck could someday be an alternative to drugs for controlling hypertension.
Up to 30 percent of people with high blood pressure cannot be treated fully with medication and some patients taking the drugs suffer from side effects including fatigue and lightheadedness.
An implantable device would allow reducing the blood pressure in these patients either alone or in combination with the already applied medication says Dennis Plachta a microsystems engineer at the University of Freiburg in Germany.
It offers a second chance not available yet and it can run in a tandem solution to a pharmaceutical treatment.
Plachta and his team developed a micromachined cuff that wraps around the vagal nerve a nerve found in the neck that exchanges critical physiological information between the brain
He says all his patients are on several blood pressure medications and some find that side effects make the drug regimens difficult to maintain.
The worst part is that the blood pressure is still high which means they are at high risk for stroke heart failure
Kristoffer Famm vice president of bioelectronics research and development at Glaxosmithkline coauthored a paper last year on the emergence of the field that he and his academic colleagues call electroceuticals.
Whereas drugs cannot adapt to patient activities an intelligent implant can he says which could offer a way to treat hypertension on demand d
Those new data streams could form the basis for many new services and products, but they also bring new privacy concerns.
These ads target coupons on the basis of actions taken in a mobile app, such as completing a game.
The methods developed to create the designer genomic structure could help synthetic biologists better use the single-celled fungi as biological factories for chemicals like biofuels and drugs.
or perhaps be better factories for useful molecules like fuels and drugs. Already the researchers have shown that inducing mutation in yeast using the designer sites led to some cells that grow more slowly,
#New Antibiotic from Soil Bacteria Many of the most widely used antibiotics have come out of the dirt.
Now, researchers from Northeastern University and Novobiotic Pharmaceuticals and their colleagues have identified a new Gram-positive bacteria-targeting antibiotic from a soil sample collected in Maine that can kill species including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Moreover, the researchers have not yet found any bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotic, called teixobactin.
microbiologist Kim Lewis, director of Northeastern Antimicrobial Discovery Center. But mice treated with teixobactin after lethal doses of either MRSA
That the antibiotic can kill M. tuberculosis s a major breakthrough because it is virtually certain to be effective for the multi-resistant strains that are now all but impossible to treat,
Although further studies are needed before the antibiotic can be tested in humans animal efficacy models are often predictive of a drug effects in humans,
said Gerard Wright, director of the Institute for Infectious disease Research at Mcmaster University in Hamilton, Canada,
said Wright. his biodiversity is also hiding a lot of chemical diversity that may include other new antibiotics. his is a very clever technique, added Robert Austin,
because this will not lead to new antibiotics. Rather than targeting a protein whose gene is mutable,
said Lewis. A related antibiotic, vancomycin, binds to a mutable peptide added to the peptidoglycan precursor.
Vancomycin-producing Gram-positive bacteria make an alternative peptide to outmaneuver the antibiotic, produced to target other Gram-positive species. Some Gram-positive bacteria acquired this alternative peptide-coding gene through horizontal gene transfer over the course of around 30 years,
providing us with a new strategy for antibiotic development, he added. Cambridge-based Novobiotic Pharmaceuticals,
which Lewis co-founded, is now using this cultivation technique to identify other potential antibiotic compounds
and to develop a more soluble version of teixobactin. Still Austin emphasized that teixobactin resistance is likely to emerge. ork we
I would caution people to not be overly optimistic until we see what happens in realistic clinical settings. he rate of evolution of large-scale resistance will depend on the dosage and frequency of the antibiotic use, added Princeton microbiologist Julia Bos, a member
Assuming the antibiotic is efficacious and well tolerated in humans, drug like this must be reserved for serious diseases
but also expedite the drug development process, "Dr Mandal said. Dr Kameshwar Prasad, professor and head of neurology at AIIMS, said the findings are preliminary."
Early identification can help in giving drug therapy to slow the degeneration process and develop strategies to enhance the patient's living environment,
Several recently developed drugs--bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept--can help treat these blood vessels by blocking the action of VEGF,
But studies have shown that although these drugs slow progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it does not reliably prevent it,
Sodhi suggested if a drug can be found that safely blocks the second protein's action in patients'eyes
Several recently developed drugs--bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept--can help treat these blood vessels by blocking the action of VEGF,
But studies have shown that although these drugs slow progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it does not reliably prevent it,
Sodhi suggested if a drug can be found that safely blocks the second protein's action in patients'eyes
Using the invention on carboplatin a common cancer treatment drug, used against ovarian and lung cancers has boosted the potency by almost five times.
"The tool can be used to take away the wastage in a drug, meaning that you need less of it to do the same work.
and could mean that the drugs treat tumours much more effectively. As well as helping with treatment, the tool could cut down the wastage created during the process of making drugs.
That could make the pharmaceutical much more sustainable and reduce their impact on the environment.
More of the devices are being made, reports ABC News, and will be sent to other researchers in Australia and elsewhere.
Using the invention on carboplatin a common cancer treatment drug, used against ovarian and lung cancers has boosted the potency by almost five times.
"The tool can be used to take away the wastage in a drug, meaning that you need less of it to do the same work.
and could mean that the drugs treat tumours much more effectively. As well as helping with treatment, the tool could cut down the wastage created during the process of making drugs.
That could make the pharmaceutical much more sustainable and reduce their impact on the environment.
More of the devices are being made, reports ABC News, and will be sent to other researchers in Australia and elsewhere.
have been developed into successful drugs. It is hoped that T-VEC could be used in combination with these.
have already been submitted to drugs regulators in Europe and the USA. Viral immunotherapies are also being investigated for use against advanced head and neck cancers, bladder cancers and liver cancers.
have been developed into successful drugs. It is hoped that T-VEC could be used in combination with these.
have already been submitted to drugs regulators in Europe and the USA. Viral immunotherapies are also being investigated for use against advanced head and neck cancers, bladder cancers and liver cancers.
This is an important step for the future production of large numbers of these cells for use in cell transplantation therapies or large-scale drug screens, researchers from the Molecular Medicine Institute in Lisbon,
#Engineered E coli to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria WASHINGTON: Researchers have engineered successfully E coli bacteria to produce new forms of antibiotics including three that show promise in fighting drug-resistant bacteria.
Blaine A Pfeifer, an associate professor of chemical and biological engineering in the University at Buffalo School of engineering and Applied sciences, has been studying how to engineer Escherichia coli (E coli) to generate new varieties of erythromycin, a popular antibiotic.
In the new study, Pfeifer and colleagues report that they have done this successfully, harnessing E coli to synthesise dozens of new forms of the drug that have a slightly different structure from existing versions.
Three of these new varieties of erythromycin successfully killed bacteria of the species Bacillus subtilis that were resistant to the original form of erythromycin used clinically"We're focused on trying to come up with new antibiotics that can overcome antibiotic resistance,
and we see this as an important step forward, "said Pfeifer.""We have not only created new analogs of erythromycin,
but also developed a platform for using E coli to produce the drug, "he said. Over the past 11 years, Pfeifer's research has focused on manipulating E coli
so that the drug they make is slightly different than versions used in hospitals today. The process of creating erythromycin begins with three basic building blocks called metabolic precursors chemical compounds that are combined
Researchers have engineered successfully E coli bacteria to produce new forms of antibiotics including three that show promise in fighting drug-resistant bacteria.
Blaine A Pfeifer, an associate professor of chemical and biological engineering in the University at Buffalo School of engineering and Applied sciences, has been studying how to engineer Escherichia coli (E coli) to generate new varieties of erythromycin, a popular antibiotic.
harnessing E coli to synthesise dozens of new forms of the drug that have a slightly different structure from existing versions.
Three of these new varieties of erythromycin successfully killed bacteria of the species Bacillus subtilis that were resistant to the original form of erythromycin used clinically"We're focused on trying to come up with new antibiotics that can overcome antibiotic resistance,
but also developed a platform for using E coli to produce the drug, "he said. Over the past 11 years, Pfeifer's research has focused on manipulating E coli
so that the drug they make is slightly different than versions used in hospitals today. The process of creating erythromycin begins with three basic building blocks called metabolic precursors chemical compounds that are combined
which is being called the world's first digital drug, can zap your brain to make you feel
Antiviral antibodies in the blood find and bind to their target epitopes within the displayed peptides.
and needed morphine to make it through the day, "he recalled. But within days of undergoing the operation last October, the pain vanished.
and needed morphine to make it through the day, "he recalled. But within days of undergoing the operation last October, the pain vanished.
The discovery could be used as the basis of a new kind of switching device for future optical computers that use pulses of light rather than electricity to process
The discovery could be used as the basis of a new kind of switching device for future optical computers that use pulses of light rather than electricity to process
#In a first, drug offers hope for children with dwarfism An experimental drug, vying to become the first approved treatment for dwarfism, improved growth in children by a significant amount in a preliminary study, the drug's developer,
Biomarin Pharmaceutical, said on Wednesday. In the study, the 10 children who got the highest dose of the drug grew at an average rate of 6. 1cm,
or 2. 4 inches, per year, about a 50%increase from the four centimetres per year they were growing before starting the drug.
The growth rate while on the drug was similar to that of a child without the condition
the company said. Wall street investors and analysts had been hoping for a 50%improvement in growth rate,
and Biomarin shares rose 6%in after-hours trading. Dr William R Wilcox, a human genetics professor at Emory University, called the results"promising."
a drug already marketed for certain children, can also increase the growth rate for people with dwarfism to 6 centimetres per year
The drug, which is called BMN 111 or vosoritide, is aimed at treating achondroplasia, the most common form of dwarfism.
000 children with the condition in the markets in North america, Europe, Asia and Latin america in which it anticipates selling the drug.
The drug would not be expected to work in adults because they have stopped growing. Women with achondroplasia typically grow to about four feet tall,
The drug is welcomed not universally. Some people with dwarfism say it is not a disease that needs treatment.
but slightly different proteins (immunogens) to train the body to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-a twist on the traditional"booster shot,
where a person is exposed to the same immunogen multiple times. The scientists tested one of these potential proteins,
an immunogen called eod-GT8 60mer, using a technique called B cell sorting. The researchers showed that immunisation with eod-GT8 60mer produced antibody"precursors"with some of the traits necessary to recognize
"Pneumonia can be treated with antibiotics but there are two major problems-it can be difficult to detect
and diagnose and because of that we tend to use potent broad spectrum antibiotics in anyone who shows symptoms of infection,
Understanding the pathways the parasite uses means that future drugs could be designed precisely to kill the parasite but with limited toxicity
with the parasite continually working to find ways to survive our drug treatments. This study opened the door on potential new treatments that could find
The findings also provide strong evidence that certain type-2 diabetic drugs, belonging to a new class known as SGLT2 inhibitors
and Drug Administration and were launched recently in India, could potentially block glucose uptake and reduce tumour growth and increase survival among pancreatic and prostate cancer patients.
They hope that these findings will lead to the potential use of the existing antidiabetic medicines to reduce the viability of pancreatic and prostate cancer cells
and progression to AIDS that you would expect without drug therapy, "said lead author Giovanna Rappocciolo, assistant professor at University of Pittsburgh in the US.
"These results improve understanding of how nonprogressors control HIV without drug therapy and potentially may contribute to new approaches to manage HIV infection,"Rappocciolo added.
#utated lepto bacteria resistant to drugs, heatmumbai: Scientists at the premier Regional Medical Reference Centre (RMRC) at Port Blair have found that the bacterial species that causes leptospirosis is no longer socially aloof,
when attacked with normal doses of antibiotics, ultraviolet radiation or even heat. Understanding leptospira's mutation,
some of the leading antibiotics used to treat acute leptospirosis in humans and animals,"said Dr Paluru Vijayachari, director of the Port Blair institute."
With that level of backing it can even be expected that these organisations will rise to the to the top of the field of 3d printed generative medication studies.
This new round of investments is great news for the development of 3d printed medication which is expected to revolutionize medical help.
"The fourth day after surgery I envisioned her still being on a breathing machine in the ICU getting massive amounts of medication,
and intricately patterned shapes that could ultimately lead to injectable materials for delivering drugs or cells into the human body.
Among other applications for the automated DNA folding process include helping researchers develop nanoscale structures for targeted drug delivery
including drug delivery systems, possibly in the next 5 to 10 years. i
#3d printed smartphone device reads ELISA diagnostic tests accurately and within one minute In remote or developing countries,
Our next development will be an Endolif Cage on the basis of our ilessys Delta system for posterior lumbar inter-body fusion (PLIF.
On the basis of the game you play, the Lyteshot performs accordingly. For example, it can deliver a deadly blow to an enemy,
#CAP-XX Introduces Thinline Supercapacitors with Unique Nanotechnology Construction Examples include wearables (medical, fitness and health monitors, smart watches, drug delivery systems), portables (active
or a group of molecules when researchers treat an organism with active pharmaceutical ingredients. Embryo development could also be examined in more detail."
A promising area of use seems to be the transport of drugs to specific areas of the body.
This sort of'smart'container for medicines could carry out carefully planned drug therapy in a selected organ in the human body.
The project goal is to develop new tools to elucidate the mechanism of action of a threat agent, drug, biologic or chemical on living cells within 30 days from exposure.
As a result of this damage the researchers believe the drug may not deliver the desired therapeutic effect in patients
It is assumed just that the drugs are delivered into the body intact.""We have shown that silver is catalytically degrading the chemotherapy drugs,
as well as the drug's reactions with silver and graphene. XPS is used a technique to measure the surface chemistry of a particular material by firing a beam of x-rays at it
which there is a massive loss of the element fluoride from the drug, leading to the creation of HF.
and that graphene caused no damage to the drug. Graphene is a biocompatible material with low toxicity that has already been suggested as an external coating for biomedical applications.
Together with our collaborators and students, we are increasing our understanding of the critical interactions between drugs and medical coatings,
using broad-spectrum antibiotics. These powerful combinations of potent drugs are often effective, but using them routinely raises the risk of deadly multidrug-resistant bacteria emerging.
The new QPIU technology promises to deliver better point-of-care diagnostics by reducing the time it takes to specifically identify bacteria
allowing doctors to prescribe the best drugs available to treat an infection and improving outcomes for people with hospital-acquired infections though the effectiveness of the approach remains to be proven in future clinical trials.
if they can distinguish between several types of bacterial subgroups to identify the most drug resistant or virulent strains from the innocuous ones.
and to measure changes in those signals as they administered cardio-or neuro-stimulating drugs."
Certain industries such as semiconductor manufacturing and pharmaceutical processing also require ultra-pure water for their operations.
Gutruf said the research used zinc oxide-present in most sunscreens as a fine powder mixed into a lotion-as the UV sensing material.
biotechnology and nanobiotechnology for applications including targeted drug delivery. Chirality of an object is its property that allows it to be non-superimposable with its mirror image.
the placenta tries to stop harmful environmental exposures, like bacteria, viruses and certain medications, from reaching the fetus.
#Nano-Packaged Drug Can Halt and Reverse Progression of Atherosclerosis in Rodents In what may be a major leap forward in the quest for new treatments of the most common form of cardiovascular disease,
By contrast, the team's previous research showed the drug was effective in preventing atherosclerosis
the nano-packaged drug improved physiologic outcomes among animals with heart muscle thickening and pumping dysfunction, the hallmarks of advanced disease."
or break a drug, "says lead investigator Subroto Chatterjee, Ph d.,a professor of medicine and pediatrics at the Johns hopkins university School of medicine and a metabolism expert at its Heart and Vascular Institute."
"In our study, the right packaging vastly improved the drug's performance and its ability not merely to prevent disease
stems from fast uptake by various tissues and organs and from the slow clearance of the encapsulated form of the drug.
Next, to observe how quickly the body broke down the nano-wrapped and the original forms of the drug,
The kidneys are the final stop on most drugs'journey inside the body just before they are cleared through urine.
and cholesterol levels as did treated animals with free-floating forms of the drug. However, animals treated with the free-floating form of D-PDMP required 10 times higher doses to achieve GSL
and cholesterol levels observed in mice given the nano-encapsulated form of the drug. When scientists measured the thickness of the animals'aortas--the body's largest vessel responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body--they observed stark differences among the groups they say.
Mice treated with either version of the drug fared better, but animals that got the encapsulated form of the drug had aortas nearly indistinguishable from the aortas of healthy mice fed a regular diet, according to researchers.
Most strikingly, they reported, D-PDMP treatment improved heart function in mice with advanced forms of atherosclerotic heart disease, marked by heart muscle thickening
and pumping ability improved in animals that received treatment with the encapsulated form of the drug,
However, mice given non-encapsulated drug required 10 times higher doses to achieve similar benefits.
Researchers say their next step is to test how the drug performs in larger mammals.
#Encapsulated, Nanobody-Targeted Drugs Cold Help Treat Sleeping sickness Sleeping sickness, or African trypanosomiasis, is caused by trypanosome parasites transmitted by tsetse flies
The existing drugs have serious side effects, and the parasites are developing resistance. A study published on June 25th in PLOS Pathogens reports a new way to circumvent drug resistance
and lower the curative dose by delivering existing drugs directly into the parasite, a high-tech approach with potential applications to other infectious diseases.
Current treatment of sleeping sickness relies primarily on four drugs. Three of these drugs get into the interior of the parasite cells via the trypanosome's transport proteins that normally supply the parasite with nutrients,
and drug resistance is caused by mutations that cripple these transporters. Jose Garcia-Salcedo, from the Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria in Granada, Spain,
and colleagues reasoned that using an alternative way to get the drugs into parasite cells would circumvent resistance.
The researchers developed a drug carrier that consists of polymeric nanoparticles coated with specialized antibodies that target a small conserved (i e.
invariable) part of the parasite surface. Much of the trypanosome surface is highly variable, which is why the chances of developing an effective vaccine have been deemed low.)
They show that this new formulation reduces the minimal curative dose in a disease model, based on infections in mice, by 100-fold and,
most importantly, circumvents drug resistance in a cell line that is resistant as a result of mutations in the transporter that mediates drug uptake.
the development of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with current trypanocidal drugs coated by a specific nanobody against trypanosomes can reduce the minimal curative dose of these drugs,
"The implication of this proof-of-concept study of a novel technology for reversing transporter-related drug resistance,
"is limited not to a single nanobody used to demonstrate the technology, nor to a single drug, nor indeed to trypanosomiasis.""
""With a key challenge being that resistance to drugs is spreading faster than new drugs are being developed and approved,
nanobody-targeted drugs as described here has the potential to reverse resistance to many first-line treatments
#Nanotechnology Drug in Droplets for Painless Treatment of Secondary Blindness The Mexican company"Medical and Surgical Center for Retina"created a way to transport drugs,
The innovative formula results eliminates the need to administrate the drug by intraocular injection. It is a nanotechnology product,
it releases the drugs. With the nanotechnology product the costs are reduced by 80 to 90 percent
"With this technology hospitals that have no resources can apply the needed drugs, without requiring a a specialist or a particular facility for the administration.
which also has an area of`Biotechnology and Drug Research of Biomedical engineering, Diagnosis and Treatment Equipment.
#MEMS Innovations Enable Commercialization of Implantable Microchips for Drug-Delivery An implantable, microchip-based device may soon replace the injections
and pills now needed to treat chronic diseases: Earlier this month, MIT spinout Microchips Biotech partnered with a pharmaceutical giant to commercialize its wirelessly controlled, implantable,
microchip-based devices that store and release drugs inside the body over many years. Invented by Microchips Biotech cofounders Michael Cima, the David H. Koch Professor of Engineering,
and osteoporosis. Now Microchips Biotech will begin co-developing microchips with Teva Pharmaceutical, the world largest producer of generic drugs,
Apart from providing convenience, Microchips Biotech says these microchips could also improve medication-prescription adherence a surprisingly costly issue in the United states. A 2012 report published in the Annals of Internal medicine estimated that Americans who don stick to prescriptions rack up $100 billion
ouldn this be a great way to make a drug-delivery system??Langer says. He brought this idea to Cima,
and somewhat fantastical, applications beyond drug delivery, including disease diagnostics and jewelry that could emit scents. e were trying to find the killer application.
Any intense heat during final assembly, with hermetic sealing, could destroy the drugs already loaded into the reservoirs
yet carry the same volume of drugs. his means making the drugs take up more volume than the electrical and other components,
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