#Sugar trail may lead to early cancer detection NEW DELHI: In a breakthrough that could lead to a new protocol for cancer detection and treatment,
scientists have identified a glucose delivery mechanism which helps cancer cells to survive and grow. The discovery can help in early detection of not only pancreatic and prostrate cancer but many others like cancer of the breast and colon.
Announcing the findings, scientists from the University of California, Los angeles (UCLA) also suggested the use of certain antidiabetic drugs to reduce the growth of tumours.
Experts and doctors say the findings can give a new protocol worldwide for cancer detection and treatment.
along with positron emission-tomography tomography (PET) that can enable early detection of these cancers cells. Experts say this is the first promising evidence that PET imaging techniques
and treat pancreatic and prostate cancers. The findings also provide strong evidence that certain type-2 diabetic drugs,
and reduce tumour growth and increase survival among pancreatic and prostate cancer patients. Pancreatic cancer, estimated as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US behind only lung,
colon and breast cancers, is also increasing significantly in India. In most cases, the tumour is detected at a very late stage,
Prostate cancer, though generally more treatable, is also witnessing a rapid increase in incidence in India as well as globally.
While globally it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in India, the incidence of prostate cancer among men has increased by over 220%between 1900 and 2013.
Researchers at UCLA will next begin a clinical study to further investigate the importance of sodium-dependent glucose transporters in glucose delivery.
The Californa Nanosystems Institute and the Johnsson Comprehensive Cancer Center also contributed, with support from the National Science Foundation and the Howard hughes medical institute.
It was released in June 2011 and donated to the BC Cancer Agency at Vancouver General Hospital.
a professor of chemistry at Tufts and senior author on the paper, worked with iodine-125 radioactive isotope that is routinely used in cancer therapies.
Gold-Plated Cancer Fighters? Then Alex Pronschinske, Ph d.,first author on the paper and a postdoctoral researcher in Sykeslab, suggested that they measure the electrons emitted by the sample without prodding from X-rays in the photoelectron spectrometer.
because they break cancer cellsdna into pieces. Because these electrons can travel only 1 to 2 nanometers human hair is about 60,000 nanometers widehey do not affect healthy tissue and organs nearby.
and put them in a liquid that cancer patients could take via a single injection.
which can accumulate in the thyroid gland and cause cancer. If proven, this approach could be a potential improvement over current radiation therapy protocols, in
which doctors treat some cancers by putting radioisotopes, including iodine-125, into tiny titanium capsules and implanting them in tumors.
for example, diabetes, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and osteoporosis. Now Microchips Biotech will begin co-developing microchips with Teva Pharmaceutical, the world largest producer of generic drugs,
and plays a critical role in cancer by allowing cancer cells to divide rapidly. Researchers used a technique called electron cryo-microscopy,
Scientists from The Institute of Cancer Research, London, and the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular biology in Cambridge were able to visualise the proteasome complex down to a resolution of around 3. 5 Angstroms,
and was funded by Cancer Research UK and the MRC. The research could help other scientists to use CRYO EM in structure-based drug design studies-in which researchers build the best possible drugs starting from a molecule which already binds to the active site of a target protein.
Blocking the proteasome prevents this regulated recycling of amino acids and triggers controlled cell death, particularly in fast-dividing cells typical of cancer.
Senior study author Dr Edward Morris, Team Leader in Structural Electron microscopy at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said:"
"Dr Emma Smith, senior science communications officer at Cancer Research UK, said:""Revealing the molecule's detailed shape could be the first step towards designing more precise drugs to block it.
This molecule plays an important role in some cancers and drugs that block it are already available to patients
#Smart Sensor Chip with Nanocavities for Early Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Researchers at the University of Birmingham believe that the novel technology will help improve the process of early stage diagnosis. Glycoprotein molecules,
Because of their essential role in our immune response, they are useful clinical biomarkers for detecting prostate cancer and other diseases.
In doing so, they developed a more accurate and efficient way of diagnosing prostate cancer than the current tests
the sugar part of the prostate cancer glycoprotein is reacted with a custom-designed molecule that contains a boron group at one end (the boron linkage forms a reversible bond to the sugar).
and the only key that will fit is the specific prostate cancer glycoprotein that we're looking for.
"Dr John Fossey added,"It's estimated that one in eight men will suffer from prostate cancer at some point in their life,
#Discovery of Mesh Cell Structure Could Help Understand Development of Cancer For the first time a structure called he meshhas been identified
which is found to change in certain cancers, such as those of the breast and bladder.
The finding was made by a team led by Dr Stephen Royle, associate professor and senior Cancer Research UK Fellow at the division of biomedical cell biology at Warwick Medical school.
and support from Cancer Research UK and North West Cancer Research. Dr Royle said: e had been looking in 2d
TACC3, is overproduced in certain cancers. When this situation was mimicked in the lab, the mesh and microtubules were altered
Dr Emma Smith, senior science communications officer at Cancer Research UK, said: roblems in cell division are common in cancer cells frequently end up with the wrong number of chromosomes.
and it might be a crucial insight into why this process becomes faulty in cancer
and whether drugs could be developed to stop it from happening. orth West Cancer Research (NWCR) has funded the research as part of a collaborative project between the University of Warwick and the University of Liverpool,
which could potentially better inform future cancer therapies. s a charity we fund only the highest standard of research,
Major human diseases such as cancer inflammation, neurodegeneration and bacterial/viral infection are primarily diseases of cells.
This is essential for pharmaceutical research particularly cancer research--to observe how cells and tissues respond to specific chemicals and experimental drugs.
which find application in cancer treatment, pollution reduction, renewable energy collection. Scientists from Harvard, Boston, and Princeton universities have played also a role in the development of this innovative technique, called D Structure Identification of Nanoparticles by Graphene Liquid Cell EM (SINGLE),
for Integrative Cancer Research. Eliana Martins Lima, of the Federal University of Goiás, is the other co-author.
--whose deregulation is associated with diseases ranging from diabetes to cancer to epilepsy--have gradually been brought to light.
No one doubts that this is an important pathway with implications for aging cancer and diabetes and we had figured out the core machinery of the pathway says Sabatini.
because hyperactivation of the pathway can lead to aberrant growth seen in cancer or metabolic abnormalities associated with diabetes.
"And the technique might also shed light onto why new treatments-immunotherapies-that are being deployed in the fight against cancers work in some individuals and not in others.
as well as lifestyle diseases such as obesity, cancer and mental disorders. The circadian rhythm is also related to seasonal reproduction,
it can be a source for triggering cancer, for example,"said Hickson. It is well known that microscopic cable-like structures,
In fact, all cancers are unchecked characterised by cell division, and the underpinning processes are potential targets for therapeutic interventions that prevent cancer onset and spread."
"But before we get there, we must continue to expand our knowledge about the basic processes
#Study finds non-genetic cancer mechanism Cancer can be caused solely by protein imbalances within cells,
a study of ovarian cancer has found. The discovery is a major breakthrough because, until now, genetic aberrations have been seen as the main cause of almost all cancer.
The research, published today in the journal Oncogene, demonstrates that protein imbalance is a powerful prognostic tool,
whether you have a predisposition to cancer and, ultimately, use a precision medicine-based approach to develop a therapeutic approach.
"The research, led by scientists at the University of Leeds and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, focused on the"Akt pathway,
"a signalling pathway within cells that drives cancer formation and the spread of cancers through the body.
A conventional approach to diagnosing this cancer would be to look for genetic modification of the receptor
In this way, an imbalance in the amount of the two proteins can lead to cell proliferation and cancer formation.
which cancer can occur. We found that in cells where Grb2 is depleted, FGFR2 was vulnerable to Plc?
indicating that protein imbalance can have a role in metastasis, the spread of a cancer through the body.
1 was predictive of the progress of ovarian cancers in patients. Measuring the levels of the proteins in patient tissues followed by database analysis of clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas
and other sources revealed that a high level of Grb2 relative to Plc? 1 and FGFR2 was associated with a significantly more favourable prognosis than patients with elevated levels of Plc?
"Previous research findings have emphasised the roots of cancer in genetic mutation. Some studies have pointed to cancers that occur without genetic causes,
such as through epigenetic modifications of proteins, however the present study reveals that signalling though cell wall-based receptors can occur without receptor activation
and therefore that non-genetic causes may be critical to understanding cancer in large numbers of patients.
The researchers are now working with clinicians at the University of Leeds to study the same mechanisms in other forms of cancer.
#Study paves way for genetics-first approach to brain cancer treatment Two US studies have identified specific genetic mutations in gliomas
The professor told in-Pharmatechnologist. com the method can be used to help small and large molecule medicines hone in on their targets. ith all therapies that are used currently particularly cancer the major problem is very little of the drug makes it to the target site.
Scientists see the technology being used in remote laboratory settings to diagnose cancers and central nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer
Kai Liu. he ability to detect even smaller amounts of chemical and biological molecules could be helpful with biosensors that are used to detect cancer,
and creates an increased risk for cancer and diabetes. When a healthy person is infected by a virus,
The work and the researchers involved were supported by grants from the National institutes of health and the National Cancer Institute
and could identify new targets for cancer medications. Throughout the human body, certain signalling chemicals--known as hormones--tell various cells
leading to cancer. To look into the responses of different cells, the U of T team harnessed the emerging power of digital microfluidics,
or proteins that could be targeted by drugs, eventually leading to new medicines to fight cancer.
for example, diabetes, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and osteoporosis. Now Microchips Biotech will begin co-developing microchips with Teva Pharmaceutical, the world largest producer of generic drugs,
#Microarray for Research into Haematological and Solid Cancers Oxford Gene Technology (OGT) released a new microarray designed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of cancer research.
The Cytosure Cancer+SNP array (4x180k) combines long oligo array comparative genomic hybridisation (acgh) probes with fully validated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) content
The array has been optimized in collaboration with Professor Jacqueline Schoumans from the Lausanne University Hospital in Switzerland, an expert in both acgh and cancer genomics.
Unique to the proprietary Cytosure Cancer+SNP array any reference sample can be used for analysis without changes to the standard acgh protocol and, thanks to novel SNP probe chemistry,
The capacity to use matched samples is a particular advantage for research into genetic aberrations in cancer,
because theye so hard to study, said Tony Hunter, American Cancer Society Professor, holder of the Dulbecco Chair in the Salk Molecular and Cell biology Laboratory and senior author of the new paper.
#Scientists Use Nanoparticles to Shut down Mechanism that Drives Cancer Growth When scientists develop cancer therapies,
they target the features that make the disease deadly: tumor growth, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance.
In epithelial cancers cancers of the breast, ovaries, prostate, skin and bladder, which begin in the organslining these processes are controlled by a genetic program called epithelialesenchymal transition.
which means that Twist directly influences the development of cancer, its spread to other organs and its return after remission.
Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, was led by Jeffrey Zink and Fuyu Tamanoi, both members of the California Nanosystems Institute and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA,
and Carlotta Glackin of City of Hope Cancer Center. e were surprised truly by the dramatic effect of delivering Twist sirna,
immunology and molecular genetics and a director of the signal transduction and therapeutics program at the Jonsson Cancer Center. his demonstrates the effectiveness of our treatment
and metastasis in many cancers, said Glackin, an associate professor at the City of Hope who has been studying the function of Twist for 20 years.
Twist is reactivated in a number of metastatic cancers including triple-negative breast cancer melanoma and ovarian cancer.
By shutting down the epithelialesenchymal transition process, Zink and Tamanoi may develop new therapy options for these cancers.
Another important finding was that shutting down Twist expression enabled cancer cells to overcome their resistance to cancer drugs.
#Optical og Nosedeveloped to Detect Cancer, Other Diseases Researchers at the University of Adelaide in Australia are using optical spectroscopy to develop a quick,
including diabetes, infections and cancers. The research team, led by Dr. James Anstie, Australian Research Council (ARC) Research Fellow with the University Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), compared the instrument to an ptical dog nosewhich uses a special laser to measure the molecular content
which show that diseases like lung and oesophageal cancer, asthma and diabetes can be detected in this way,
#Immunotherapy Show Promise In fighting Blood Cancer In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment for certain cancers.
has shown significant success against multiple myeloma, a cancer of the plasma cells that is largely incurable. The results appeared in a study published online in Nature Medicine.
who is the Director of the Blood and Marrow Transplant Program at the University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center.
Dr. Rapoport and co-authors Edward A. Stadtmauer, M d.,of the University of Pennsylvania Abramson Cancer Center,
or protein, known as a cancer-testis antigen (CT antigen). The target CT antigens were NY-ESO-1
Half the patients were treated at the University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center and half at the University of Pennsylvania Abramson Cancer Center.
or CARS) used to treat other cancers. The study was developed originally by Carl H. June, M d.,of the University of Pennsylvania Abramson Cancer Center,
and Dr. Rapoport, who have been research collaborators for 18 years. ultiple myeloma is a treatable but largely incurable cancer.
This study reveals the promise that immunotherapy with genetically engineered T-cells holds for boosting the body ability to attack the cancer
and provide patients with better treatments and control of their disease, said E. Albert Reece, M d..,Ph d.,MBA,
said Dr. Hauser, also a member of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University.
and doctors together online, applying massive computing power to analyze DNA and even developing ingestible"smart"pills for detecting cancer.
Because these immune-system cells play important roles in a wide range of diseases, from diabetes to AIDS to cancer, the achievement provides a versatile new tool for research on T cell function,
a protein that has attracted intense interest in the burgeoning field of cancer immunotherapy, as scientists have shown that using drugs to block PD-1 coaxes T cells to attack tumors.
#Cell Structure Discovery Advances Understanding Of Cancer Development, University of Warwick Study University of Warwick researchers have discovered a cell structure
which could help scientists understand why some cancers develop. For the first time a structure called he meshhas been identified
which is found to change in certain cancers, such as those of the breast and bladder.
associate professor and senior Cancer Research UK Fellow at the division of biomedical cell biology at Warwick Medical school.
and support from Cancer Research UK and North West Cancer Research. Dr Royle said: e had been looking in 2d
TACC3, is overproduced in certain cancers. When this situation was mimicked in the lab, the mesh and microtubules were altered
Dr Emma Smith, senior science communications officer at Cancer Research UK, said: roblems in cell division are common in cancer cells frequently end up with the wrong number of chromosomes.
and it might be a crucial insight into why this process becomes faulty in cancer
North West Cancer Research (NWCR) has funded the research as part of a collaborative project between the University of Warwick and the University of Liverpool,
which could potentially better inform future cancer therapies. s a charity we fund only the highest standard of research,
Major human diseases such as cancer inflammation, neurodegeneration and bacterial/viral infection are primarily diseases of cells.
#"Pill On A String"Could Help Spot Early Signs Of Cancer Of The Gullet, University of Cambridge Study A ill on a stringdeveloped by researchers at the University of Cambridge could help doctors detect oesophageal cancer cancer of the gullet at an early stage,
helping them overcome the problem of wide variation between biopsies, suggests research published today in the journal Nature Genetics.
Oesophageal cancer is preceded often by Barrett oesophagus, a condition in which cells within the lining of the oesophagus begin to change shape
Between one and five people in every 100 with Barrett's oesophagus go on to develop oesophageal cancer in their life-time,
a form of cancer that can be difficult to treat, particularly if not caught early enough.
At present, Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal cancer are diagnosed using biopsies which look for signs of dysplasia, the proliferation of abnormal cancer cells.
Understanding how oesophageal cancer develops and the genetic mutations involved could help doctors catch the disease earlier, offering better treatment options for the patient.
An alternative way of spotting very early signs of oesophageal cancer would be to look for important genetic changes.
developed by Professor Rebecca Fitzgerald at the Medical Research Council Cancer Unit at the University of Cambridge. he trouble with Barrett oesophagus is that it looks bland
and oesophageal cancer samples taken at one point in time from 23 patients, as well as 73 samples taken over a three-year period from one patient with Barrett oesophagus.
for example from A c to a t that provided a ingerprintof the causes of the cancer. Similar work has been done previously in lung cancer,
and oesophageal cancer, suggest that these changes occur very early on the process. Even in areas of Barrett oesophagus without cancer, the researchers found a large number of mutations in their tissue on average 12,000 per person (compared to an average of 18,000 mutations within the cancer.
Many of these are likely to have been ystanders genetic mutations that occurred along the way but that were implicated not actually in cancer.
The researchers found that there appeared to be a tipping point, where a patient would go from having lots of individual mutations,
but no cancer, to a situation where large pieces of genetic information were being transferred not just between genes but between chromosomes.
e know very little about how you go from pre-cancer to cancer and this is particularly the case in oesophageal cancer.
Barrett oesophagus and the cancer share many mutations, but we are now a step closer to understanding
which are the important mutations that tip the condition over into a potentially deadly form of cancer.
The research was funded by the Medical Research Council and Cancer Research UK. The Cytosponge was trialled in patients at the NIHR Clinical Investigation Ward at the Cambridge Clinical Research Facility
#Smartphone-Based Device That Reads Medical Diagnostic Tests Quickly And Accurately Created, University of California,
as well as the California Nanosystems Institute and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center. The other authors on the paper were UCLA graduate students Bingen Cortazar, Derek Tseng, Haydar Ozkan, Raymond Yan-Lok Chan, and Steve Feng;
and 10 mg (lenvatinib mesylate, Lenvima) as a treatment for unresectable thyroid cancer in Japan on May 20, 2015.
Lenvima is the first molecular targeted treatment in Japan approved with an indication for unresectable thyroid cancer
which covers differentiated thyroid cancer as well as medullary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Discovered at Eisai's Tsukuba Research Laboratories
which are involved especially in tumor angiogenesis and proliferation of thyroid cancer. Furthermore, Lenvima has been confirmed through X-ray co-crystal structural analysis to demonstrate a new binding mode (Type V) to VEGFR2,
#Oncosil Medical introduces new device that treats cancer The global market for Pancreatic cancer is $1 billion,
and for HCC Liver Cancer an additional $1. 4 billionsingapore: Australia-based lifesciences company Oncosil Medical recently announced the commercialization of its device-Oncosil in the European union.
Oncosil is device that provides localized radiation treatment for cancer, and is the company's lead product candidate.
Oncosil, implantable nuclear medicine (radiotherapy) device, has been piloted successfully for treating pancreatic and liver cancer. The device was found to be safe and effective in laboratory studies
and has demonstrated clinically target tumor regression (tumour shrinkage) in both solid tumor indications of pancreatic and liver cancer.
We are excited very to be in the forefront of potentially a new radiation treatment for the dreaded disease of pancreatic and liver cancer."
"The company also announced the appointment of Professor Pierce Chow as chairman to lead primary liver cancer-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)- Scientific Advisory board d
an innovative hand-held tool that uses a smartphone to monitor skin for signs of cancer.
#New device promises to detect cancer in 3 min! Singapore: Japanese researchers claim that they have developed a new device that can detect cancer from a drop of blood in just three minutes!
The device developed as a result of collaboration between Kobe-based medical device manufacturer My Tech researchers from Showa University uses a biochip,
The chip, known as proteo, functions by attracting a faintly luminous substance found in cancer patients,
even when the cancer is at a very early stage.""We diagnosed without any errors
"Currently, blood testing can only detect around 10 to 20 percent of cancers. In contrast, we are expecting to detect as much as 90 percent.""
""Most cancers are detectable only after they have developed for 15 to 20 years. Our technology allows diagnosing much earlier than that,
Besides skin cancer, it is the most commonly diagnosed cancer; breast cancer is also the 2nd deadliest type of cancer, right behind lung cancer.
About 85%of breast cancers occur in women who have no family history of breast cancer. Even though this study does not offer a cure,
Dr. Elsken van der Wall, a medical oncologist working for the UMC Utrecht Cancer Center e
Roche agreed to support a new BIO-X project run by Karolinska Institutet spin out Liquid Biopsy in cancer diagnostics.
paving the way for better cancer treatments. The project will get access both to the BIO-X process support
and doctors together online, applying massive computing power to analyze DNA and even developing ingestible"smart"pills for detecting cancer.
Moderate-quality findings suggest that cannabinoids may be beneficial for the treatment of chronic neuropathic or cancer pain,
a cough-suppressant that may also fight cancer, as well as improved plant strains with higher yields of morphine.
The ultra-high field MRI SCANNERS are around ten times more powerful than current models. hese new machines will allow scientists to make a very early diagnosis of cancer
or agic bulletto describe new drugs he was working on to cure syphilis and cancer. In theory, such drugs would leave healthy tissue intact
The National Institute on Drug abuse and the National Cancer Institute supported this work r
#Tiny laresshow when RNA goes off track A new technology called ticky-flaresoffers the first real-time method to track
such as mental disability, autism, and cancer. Sticky-flares have the potential to help scientists understand the complexities of RNA better than any analytical technique to date
The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin diseases and the Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence initiative of the National institutes of health supported the work.
which could make it easier to pinpoint the causes of cancer. In many cases, genetic mutations that cause cancer involve chemical changes to individual building blocks of DNAREATING DNA ADDUCTS."
"Natural products can be a source of effective cancer drugs, and several are being used for treating a variety of cancers,
"Gavin Robertson says.""Over 60 percent of anticancer agents are derived from plants, animals, marine sources, or microorganisms.
it may therefore be possible to expand DNA sequencing from the four basic DNA building blocks to include adducts. he scientific community would have an important tool for making a detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation of cancer
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