including cancer and cardiovascular disease, the researchers say. here been a growing amount of excitement about delivery to the liver in particular,
says Daniel Anderson, the Samuel A. Goldblith Associate professor of Chemical engineering, a member of MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Institute for Medical Engineering and Science,
The researchers plan to test additional potential targets in hopes that these particles could eventually be deployed to treat cancer, atherosclerosis,
#Chemotherapy timing is key to success MIT researchers have devised a novel cancer treatment that destroys tumor cells by first disarming their defenses,
who is a member of MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. ee moving from the simplest model of the nanoparticle just getting the drug in there
Doctors routinely give cancer patients two or more different chemotherapy drugs in hopes that a multipronged attack will be more successful than a single drug.
Doxorubicin is used to treat many cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, and bladder, breast, lung, and ovarian tumors.
ow do you translate that into something you can actually give a cancer patient? From lab result to drug delivery To approach this problem,
even when those drugs were given in a time-staggered order. his particle delivery system not only provides a platform for time-staggered treatment strategies in cancer,
and ovarian cancers. At the same time, Hammond lab is working on more complex nanoparticles that would allow for more precise loading of the drugs
The work was funded by the National institutes of health, the Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, the Koch Institute Frontier Research Program supported by the Kathy and Curt Marble Fund for Cancer Research,
and a Breast cancer Alliance Exceptional Project Grant
#Getting more electricity out of solar cells When sunlight shines on today solar cells, much of the incoming energy is given off as waste heat rather than electrical current.
which may lead to cancer and other diseases if not mended. The effectiveness of these repair systems varies greatly from person to person;
scientists believe that this variability may explain why some people get cancer while others exposed to similar DNA-damaging agents do not.
which could help determine individualsrisk of developing cancer and help doctors predict how a given patient will respond to chemotherapy drugs.
who is the Uncas and Helen Whitaker Professor, an American Cancer Society Professor, and a member of MIT departments of biological engineering and of biology, Center for Environmental Health Sciences,
and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. Measuring repair With the new test, the MIT team can measure how well cells repair the most common DNA lesions,
Some of these differences have been linked with cancer vulnerability; for example, a genetic defect in a type of DNA repair called nucleotide excision repair often leads to a condition called xeroderma pigmentosum, in
Such a test could also be used to predict patientsresponse to chemotherapy drugs, which often work by damaging cancer cellsdna,
In cases where you are trying to make therapeutic decisions you want to have some numbers that you can fall back on says Vincent Liu a graduate student in Cima s lab at MIT s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
Ralph Weissleder a professor at Harvard Medical school and director of the Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Molecular Imaging Research says this type of sensor is a novel way to potentially track how cancer patients
The cancer field certainly needs something like this says Weissleder who was not part of the research team.
The research was funded by the National Cancer Institute Centers of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence and the U s army Research Office e
What s exciting about this approach is that we can actually correct a defective gene in a living adult animal says Daniel Anderson the Samuel A. Goldblith Associate professor of Chemical engineering at MIT a member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
The research was funded by the National Cancer Institute the National institutes of health and the Marie D. and Pierre Casimir-Lambert Fund u
Theye also used as biological probes to image cancer and to study processes inside cells,
and rapidly test new peptides to treat cancer and other diseases, as well as more effective variants of existing peptides, such as insulin, Pentelute says.
#How tumors escape About 90 percent of cancer deaths are caused by tumors that have spread from their original locations.
MIT cancer biologists have discovered now that certain proteins in this structure, known as the extracellular matrix, help cancer cells make their escape.
says Richard Hynes, leader of the research team and a member of MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. n principle,
the Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research in MIT Department of biology. his study couldn have been done five to 10 years ago.
The researchers are now seeking extracellular matrix proteins that are overexpressed in other metastatic cancers, including colon and pancreatic cancers.
#A paper diagnostic for cancer Cancer rates in developing nations have climbed sharply in recent years
and now account for 70 percent of cancer mortality worldwide. Early detection has been proven to improve outcomes
whether a person has cancer. This approach has helped detect infectious diseases and the new technology allows noncommunicable diseases to be detected using the same strategy.
Bhatia who is also a member of MIT s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
Amplifying cancer signalsin 2012 Bhatia and colleagues introduced the concept of a synthetic biomarker technology to amplify signals from tumor proteins that would be hard to detect on their own.
Bhatia says the technology would likely first be applied to high-risk populations such as people who have had cancer previously
I think it would be great to bring it back to this setting where point-of-care image-free cancer detection
The team is also working to identify signatures of MMPS that could be exploited as biomarkers for other types of cancer as well as for tumors that have metastasized.
the Burroughs Wellcome Fund the National Cancer Institute and the Howard hughes medical institute u
#Researchers find that going with the flow makes bacteria Stick in a surprising new finding researchers have discovered that bacterial movement is impeded in flowing water enhancing the likelihood that the microbes will attach to surfaces.
who is also a member of MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. Free ride Vaccines made of protein or sugar fragments,
to determine the extent of cancer metastasis after removing a tumor. The dye used for this imaging binds tightly to albumin,
The melanoma vaccine slowed cancer growth and the cervical cancer vaccine shrank tumors. t certainly is an interesting approach,
and they are also working on further developing cancer vaccines, including one for lung cancer. The research was funded by the Koch Institute Support Grant from the National Cancer Institute, the National institutes of health, the U s. Department of defense,
and the Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard university l
#Boosting science math technology and ethics in Tibetan communities To many Westerners science monks and technology may not be an obvious trio.
and could be used to create sensors to monitor diseases such as cancer, inflammation, or diabetes in living systems. his new technique gives us an unprecedented ability to recognize any target molecule by screening nanotube-polymer complexes to create synthetic analogs to antibody function,
#Biologists ID new cancer weakness About half of all cancer patients have a mutation in a gene called p53
The findings suggest that giving cancer patients a combination of a DNA-damaging drug and an MK2 inhibitor could be very effective says Michael Yaffe the David H. Koch Professor in Science
and colitis but the drugs have never been tested as possible cancer treatments. What our study really says is that these drugs could have an entirely new second life in combination with chemotherapy says Yaffe who is a member of MIT s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research.
We re very much hoping it will go into clinical trials for cancer. Sandra Morandell a postdoc at the Koch Institute is the paper s lead author.
To kill a tumorp53 is a tumor suppressor-protein protein that controls cell division. Before cell division begins p53 checks the cell s DNA
They are now studying mouse models of colon and ovarian cancer. The research was funded by the Austrian Science Fund the National institutes of health Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. the Koch Institute MIT s Center for Environmental Health Sciences the Volkswagenstiftung the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft the German
which hold potential as portable diagnostic devices for cancer and other diseases. These devices consist of microfluidic channels engraved on tiny chips,
This type of particle can be useful for diagnosing cancer and other diseases, following customization to detect proteins
#Resistance is futile Cisplatin is given a chemotherapy drug to more than half of all cancer patients. The drug kills cells very effectively by damaging nuclear DNA but if tumors become resistant to cisplatin they often grow back.
Senior authors of the new paper are Stephen Lippard the Arthur Amos Noyes Professor of Chemistry at MIT and a member of MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Shana
and is used now for many other cancers including lung and bladder. The drug forms crosslinks in DNA creating blockages that interfere with a cell s ability to read
The research was funded by the National Cancer Institute the Canadian Institute of Health and a David H. Koch Graduate Fellowship s
but existing blood tests are not consistently able to detect the formation of new clots says Bhatia who is also a senior associate member of the Broad Institute and a member of MIT s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
Bhatia and her colleagues developed their new test based on a technology they first reported last year for early detection of colorectal cancer.
and diagnosing cancer. It could also be adapted to track liver pulmonary and kidney fibrosis Bhatia says.
The research was funded by the Koch Institute Frontier Research Fund the Kathy and Curt Marble Cancer Research Fund the Mazumdar-Shaw International Oncology Fellows Program the Burroughs Wellcome
They found many patients suffering from chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and heart disease and a lack of permanent oatingsfor medical implants that might help these patients.
for example, diabetes, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and osteoporosis. Now Microchips Biotech will begin co-developing microchips with Teva Pharmaceutical, the world largest producer of generic drugs,
the two lead authors, are former postdocs in the laboratory of Robert Langer, the David H. Koch Institute Professor at MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research.
#A speedy test for bladder cancer A fast and accurate urine test for bladder cancer developed by A*STAR researchers has the potential to replace the currently used invasive physical probe.
Cystoscopy clinical procedure that uses a narrow, tubular optical instrument called a cystoscope to view inside the bladders currently the gold standard for detecting cancer in this organ.
a recently discovered urinary antigen and a potential biomarker for bladder cancer. The new tool could be used as a high-throughput screening platform to identify patients at risk of developing the urologic condition.
They found significantly elevated levels of A1at in bladder cancer patients. There was also a marked difference in the A1at concentrations of cancer and non-cancer patients,
which suggests that the technique is highly discriminative, specific and accurate. Importantly, only tiny amounts of sample were required:
"We have developed a smart SERS biosensor for the rapid screening of bladder cancer, "says Olivo."
#Arming nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment UCD researchers have manipulated successfully nanoparticles to target two human breast cancer cell lines as a tool in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Coating nanoparticles with different substances allows their interaction with cells to be tuned in a particular way.
The team believe that Fe-Au functionalised nanorods used in conjunction with these drugs could be useful in cancer treatment.
#'Trojan horse'proteins are step forward for nanoparticle-based anticancer and anti-dementia therapeutic approaches Scientists at Brunel University London have found a way of targeting hard-to-reach cancers
In contrast to conventional cancer therapy a University of Cincinnati team has developed several novel designs for iron-oxide based nanoparticles that detect diagnose
That means the photo-thermal effect of iron-oxide nanoparticles may show in the next decade a strong promise in human cancer therapy likely with localized tumors.
Each tumor has a corresponding protein that is cancer specific called a tumor specific ligand or an antibody antigen reaction that only has expression for that specific cancer such as breast or prostate cancer.
Scientists identify this certain biomarker that is specific to a certain tumor then conjugates this biomarker on the surface of the nanocarrier that only has the expression for that specific kind of cancer cell.
Our breakthrough will open up new doors in the various fields of nanomedicine bioimaging and cancer therapeutics.
#This will benefit cancer patients as there will be fewer side effects due to the small doses administered and also higher efficacy as the biomarker has the ability to accurately target tumour cells.
and their use promises to lead to both conceptual and therapeutic advances in the important and emerging field of tissue engineering, drug delivery, cancer therapies and immune engineering,
#What exactly is Google's'cancer nanodetector'?'Last week US tech giants Google made a splash in the media announcing plans to develop new'disease-detecting magnetic nanoparticles'.
and expert advisor to Cancer Research UK to get his take on the announcement. The technical definition is that a nanoparticle is an object that is less than 100 nanometres wide along one of its edges Professor Graham told us.
One of the top people in this field as far as cancer goes is called a guy Sanjiv Gambhir at Stanford university in the US.
If I'm wearing a gadget that suddenly tells me I have a form of brain cancer that's incurable
Are there any other applications of nanotechnology in the field of cancer? Of course it's not all about diagnostics.
There are other ways nanotechnology is being explored by cancer researchers. The other big focus of nanotech in cancer is to deliver treatments says Graham.
This is a field that's in its infancy lots of basic research in animals some of it promising
and neck cancers and lung cancer it will be incredibly exciting to see what this approach yields.
#Cancer-killing nanodaisies NC State researchers have developed a potential new weapon in the fight against cancer:
which researchers attach the cancer-killing drug camptothecin (CPT) like bunches of grapes on a vine.
The result is that the drugs launch an attack on cancer that's more closely#coordinated
Gu noted that in vitro testing had demonstrated also the potential of nanodaisies to effectively target different kinds of cancer.
whether they might be ready to fight cancer in humans. For Gu that prospect has personal significance:
His father was diagnosed with cancer when Gu was still in the womb. When friends and family came to console Gu's mother she told#them that the baby she was carrying might#one day help to treat cancer.
I don't want to say it's a mission but it is a passion that drives
When I moved into the cancer treatments with nanotechnology that's when my mum became really excited about my work.
The wires could also be applied in the biomedical field to maximize heat production in hyperthermia treatment of cancer.
#An unlikely use for diamonds Tiny diamonds are providing scientists with new possibilities for accurate measurements of processes inside living cells with potential to improve drug delivery and cancer therapeutics.
#New nanodevice to improve cancer treatment monitoring In less than a minute, a miniature device developed at the University of Montreal can measure a patient's blood for methotrexate, a commonly used but potentially toxic cancer drug.
Methotrexate has been used for many years to treat certain cancers among other diseases, because of its ability to block the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR.
These coatings can also help scientists develop highly sensitive multiplex methods of detecting early-stage cancers
#Targeted nanoparticles that combine imaging with two different therapies could attack cancer other conditions Nanosystems that are'theranostic'they combine both therapeutic and diagnostic functions present an exciting new opportunity for delivering drugs
but we are now attempting to use near-infrared laser light to improve the tissue penetration and move toward on-demand cancer therapy.
which is known to have therapeutic applications in the treatment of many disorders including cancer. Using EGCG IBN researchers have engineered successfully nanocarriers that can deliver drugs
When injected into the body these carriers act like homing missiles traveling through the body to zoom in on the target cells where they will release the cancer-destroying drugs.
and can boost cancer treatment when used together with the protein drug. Unlike conventional therapy our green tea carrier can eradicate more cancer cells
This invention could pave the way for a better drug delivery system to fight cancer,
By encapsulating a dangerous substance such as a cancer-treating drug into a nanosheet doctors can attack very specific parts of the body.
and particles in the air and enzymes molecules and antibodies in the body that could indicate diabetes cancer and other diseases.
#'Stealth'nanoparticles could improve cancer vaccines Cancer vaccines have emerged recently as a promising approach for killing tumor cells before they spread.
Hiroshi Shiku Naozumi Harada and colleagues explain that most cancer vaccine candidates are designed to flag down immune cells called macrophages and dendritic cells that signal killer T cells to attack tumors.
But recent research has suggested that a subset of macrophages only found deep inside lymph nodes could play a major role in slowing cancer.
10.1021/nn502975r Because existing therapeutic cancer vaccines provide only a limited clinical benefit a different vaccination strategy is necessary to improve vaccine efficacy.
We developed a nanoparticulate cancer vaccine by encapsulating a synthetic long peptide antigen within an immunologically inert nanoparticulate hydrogel (nanogel) of cholesteryl pullulan (CHP.
#Graphene sensor tracks down cancer biomarkers An ultrasensitive biosensor made from the wonder material graphene has been used to detect molecules that indicate an increased risk of developing cancer.
and in elevated levels has been linked to an increased risk of developing several cancers. However 8-OHDG is typically present at very low concentrations in urine so is very difficult to detect using conventional detection assays known as enzyme-linked immunobsorbant assays (ELISAS.
Generic epitaxial graphene biosensors of ultrasensitive detection of cancer risk biomarker Z Tehrani et al 2014 2d Mater. 1 025004. iopscience. iop. org/2053
and that could significantly enhance clinical breast exams for early detection of cancer. In a newly published article in the journal ACS Advanced Materials & Interfaces, researchers Ravi Saraf and Chieu Van Nguyen describe a thin-film sensor that can detect tumors too small and deep
CBE is an important cancer-screening tool. Mammograms, which identify lumps by their density compared to breast tissue,
while the American Cancer Society reports a 94 percent survival rate if breast cancer is diagnosed when tumors are diagnosed at less than 10 millimeters.
Moritz F. Kircher and colleagues at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center point out that malignant brain tumors particularly the kind known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are among the toughest to beat.
Surgeons might be able to use the device in the future to treat other types of brain cancer they say.
but also detected additional microscopic foci of cancer in the resection bed that were seen not on static SERS images
and flexing may aid in our understanding of how changes within a cell can lead to diseases such as cancer.
and how small changes to these processes can lead to diseases such as cancer or Alzheimer's. Researchers from the University of Cambridge have demonstrated how to use light to view individual molecules bending
Synthetic molecule makes cancer self-destruc c
#Mobile phones come alive with the sound of music thanks to nanogenerators Charging mobile phones with sound, like chants from at football ground, could become a reality, according to a new collaboration between scientists from Queen Mary University of London and Nokia.
whose lab is in the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT. The research project tackles a difficult problem in localized drug delivery:
#Self-assembling nanoparticle could improve MRI scanning for cancer diagnosis Scientists have designed a new self-assembling nanoparticle that targets tumours,
to help doctors diagnose cancer earlier. The new nanoparticle, developed by researchers at Imperial College London,
Professor Nicholas Long from the Department of chemistry at Imperial College London said the results show real promise for improving cancer diagnosis."By improving the sensitivity of an MRI examination
which would hopefully improve survival rates from cancer.""""MRI SCANNERS are found in nearly every hospital up and down the country
Dr Juan Gallo from the Department of Surgery and Cancer at Imperial College London said:"
The method eventually could help patients suffering from genetic conditions, cancers and neurological diseases. In a study published recently by the journal Nature's Scientific Reports,
to heat up and destroy cancer cells in the lab. The team used the new photothermal delivery method in lab experiments to introduce impermeable dyes and small DNA molecules into human prostate cancer and fibroblast sarcoma cells."
vaccinations, cancer imaging and other medical treatments. Currently, the predominant practice is using viruses for delivery to cells.
"Carbon nanoparticles produced for the cancer study varied from five to 20 nanometers wide. A human hair is about 100,000 nanometers wide.
IBN's test has been validated by the National Cancer Centre Singapore, the National University Cancer Institute Singapore,
#Ultra-sensitive nano-chip capable of detecting cancer at early stages developed Today the majority of cancers are detected on the macroscopic level
But what if we could diagnose cancer before it took hold -while it was still only affecting a few localized cells?
An international team of researchers led by ICFO-Institute of Photonic Sciences in Castelldefels announce the successful development of a lab-on-a-chip platform capable of detecting protein cancer markers in the blood using the very latest advances
The device is able to detect very low concentrations of protein cancer markers in blood enabling diagnoses of the disease in its earliest stages.
The detection of cancer in its very early stages is seen as key to the successful diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
This cancer-tracking nanodevice shows great promise as a tool for future cancer treatments not only because of its reliability sensitivity and potential low cost but also because of its easy carry on portable properties which is foreseen to facilitate effective diagnosis and suitable
and if cancer markers are present in the blood they will stick to the nanoparticles located on the micro-channels as they pass by setting off changes in
thus providing a direct assessment of the risk for the patient to develop a cancer.
and treatment monitoring of cancer. In 2009 Prof. Quidant's research group at ICFO in collaboration with several groups of oncologists joined the worldwide effort devoted to the ultra-sensitive detection of protein markers located on the surface of cancer cells and in peripheral blood
which had been determined to be a clear indicator of the development of cancer. In 2010 they successfully obtained funding for the project called SPEDOC (Surface Plasmon Early Detection of Circulating Heat shock proteins and Tumor Cells) under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) of the European commission.
or DNA sequence from one animal into the genome of another plays a critical role in a wide range of medical researchncluding cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes.
It's possible enhancing the biochemical events that lead to growth in the brain would cause issues elsewhere in the body like potentially raising the risk of cancer.
and reassembled as often happens in cancer even undamaged genes are expressed at different levels than in a normal chromosome.
but in reality those levels could never be reached. http://www. druglibrary. org/schaffer/library/mj overdose. htmmarijuana also doesn't cause cancer. http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/25
when people email about topics like cancer or depression ads for spiritual meditation services will appear.
and even brain cancer but the MIT researchers are the first to use them to combat antibiotic resistance.#
#A new weapon in the fight against cancer Cancer happens when cells in the body start growing uncontrollably.
But what if the tissue surrounding a tumour could be enlisted to stop the cancer spreading?
Many cancer researchers believe that targeting the spread of cancer to other organs, otherwise known as metastasis, holds the key to successfully treating the disease
because metastasis is the cause of death for 90%of those who die of cancer.
but after a while the tumour cells can become resistant to the treatment and the cancer then spreads.
recruiting their help in creating a micro-environment with suitable conditions for the cancer to spread.
A large proportion of the cells found in the tumour micro-environment are associated cancer fibroblasts (CAFS.
However in cancer, fibroblasts are coopted into re-sculpting and stiffening the surrounding matrix. This helps the tumour to grow larger by encouraging cells to divide
and help bring the cancer-associated fibroblast cells back on side against the cancer. Further experiments found that the CAFSCHANGE in behaviour was caused by a protein that is involved in sensing the amount of oxygen available to the cells.
The team then used a drug in the mice with cancer that fools this oxygen sensor into behaving
They found that the cancer was then less likely to spread in those mice that had been treated with the drug than in those that hadn.
However, it is an exciting development in the way we think about how cancer can be treated.
One of the great challenges in cancer treatment is that tumour cells are genetically unstable
As our understanding of the complex relationship between cancer and our bodies evolves, we will find new ways to target
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