It plans to start selling CO2-based synthetic fuels by 2018.""It's now possible to take CO2 out of the atmosphere,
#Scientists say theye found a particle made entirely of nuclear force After decades of searching, scientists say theye finally identified a glueball-a particle made purely of nuclear force.
Hypothesised to exist as part of the standard model of particle physics, glueballs have eluded scientists since the 1970s because they can only be detected indirectly by measuring their process of decay.
gluons are in charge of exerting a strong nuclear force.""In particle physics, every force is mediated by a special kind of force particle,
and the force particle of the strong nuclear force is the gluon, "explains one of the researchers, Anton Rebhan from the Vienna University of Technology.
gluons can be bound together via their own nuclear force to form glueballs.""The existence of glueball particles brings the idea that,
interest in the project has led the Scalevo creators to consider crowdfunding a more affordable consumer version.
not just for smartphones but for electric cars and solar power, where batteries are essential for storing energy to use
and smartphones, was reached by using a'fluffy'carbon electrode made from graphene. What's more, by changing the chemical mix from earlier versions of lithium-air batteries,
Solar energy heats the zeolite and increases the methanol vapor pressure, the refrigerant is condensed and stored in a tank flowing to the evaporator."
The project was presented at the International Congress of Solar energy at Germany y
#Future antibiotic-making kit for amateurs? Kit could one day Be led by widely available Professor Jeffrey Bode of the Institute of Transformative Biomolecules at Nagoya University in Japan,
and other applications since its discovery, this is the first time it has been converted for use in energy storage.
Distribution of the hydrogen to users of fuel cell vehicles is another key challenge. Rollin's model increased reaction rates by threefold, decreasing the required facility size to about the size of a gas station,
with many graphene edges that proved to be crucial to catalysis."This is a low-cost, one-step, scalable process,
saving critical time and trips to the lab. Researchers at Mcmaster University have developed a new way to print paper biosensors,
but will also aid in the development and implementation of the Internet of things: ubiquitous computing where almost everything in our homes and offices, from toasters to thermostats, is connected to the internet.
The KU researchers confirmed the potential of the most promising compounds with cutting-edge techniques like Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay, surface plasmon resonance,
#Likely genetic source of muscle weakness found in six previously undiagnosed children Scientists at the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN),
or likely genetic source, of each child's symptoms, according to a study published April 8 in the journal Molecular genetics & Genomic medicine."
"said Dr. Lisa Baumbach-Reardon, an Associate professor of TGEN's Integrated Cancer Genomics Division and the study's senior author.
300 pounds of supplies and payloads, including material for research experiments, to the International space station National Laboratory.
#Electrical control of quantum bits in silicon paves the way to large quantum computers Lead researcher, UNSW Associate professor Andrea Morello from the School of Electrical engineering and Telecommunications, said his team had realised successfully a new control method for future quantum computers.
The findings were published today in the open-access journal Science Advances. Unlike conventional computers that store data on transistors and hard drives, quantum computers encode data in the quantum states of microscopic objects called qubits.
The UNSW team, which is affiliated with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation & Communication Technology,
was first in the world to demonstrate single-atom spin qubits in silicon, reported in Nature in 2012 and 2013.
The team has improved already the control of these qubits to an accuracy of above 99%and established the world record for how long quantum information can be stored in the solid state,
"We demonstrated that a highly coherent qubit, like the spin of a single phosphorus atom in isotopically enriched silicon,
"Therefore, we can selectively choose which qubit to operate. It's a bit like selecting which radio station we tune to,
"The findings suggest that it would be possible to locally control individual qubits with electric fields in a large-scale quantum computer using only inexpensive voltage generators, rather than the expensive high-frequency microwave sources.
Moreover, this specific type of quantum bit can be manufactured using a similar technology to that employed for the production of everyday computers,
Key to the success of this electrical control method is the placement of the qubits inside a thin layer of specially purified silicon
does not disturb the quantum bit, "Associate professor Morello said. The purified silicon was provided through collaboration with Professor Kohei Itoh from Keio University in Japan n
and the Internet of things (Iots). However, is the degree of flexibility enough for most applications? For many flexible devices, elasticity is a very important issue.
#Graphene pushes the speed limit of light-to-electricity conversion ICFO researchers Klaas-Jan Tielrooij, Lukasz Piatkowski,
have demonstrated now that a graphene-based photodetector converts absorbed light into an electrical voltage at an extremely high speed.
The study, entitled"Generation of photovoltage in graphene on a femtosecond timescale through efficient carrier heating"
As Klaas-Jan Tielrooij comments,"the experiment uniquely combined the ultrafast pulse shaping expertise obtained from single molecule ultrafast photonics with the expertise in graphene electronics.
Facilitated by graphene's nonlinear photo-thermoelectric response, these elements enabled the observation of femtosecond photodetection response times."
"The ultrafast creation of a photovoltage in graphene is possible due to the extremely fast and efficient interaction between all conduction band carriers in graphene.
Next, the electron heat is converted into a voltage at the interface of two graphene regions with different doping.
"it is amazing how graphene allows direct nonlinear detecting of ultrafast femtosecond (fs) pulses.""The results obtained from the findings of this work,
which has been funded partially by the EC Graphene Flagship, open a new pathway towards ultra-fast optoelectronic conversion.
Koppens comments,"Graphene photodetectors keep showing fascinating performances addressing a wide range of applications
#Protein finding can pave way for improved treatment of malignant melanoma New research now demonstrates that the presence of the protein megalin in a malignant melanoma is an indicator of cancer cells that are particularly aggressive.
and then, powered by solar energy, convert that carbon dioxide into valuable chemical products, including biodegradable plastics, pharmaceutical drugs and even liquid fuels.
"In natural photosynthesis, leaves harvest solar energy and carbon dioxide is reduced and combined with water for the synthesis of molecular products that form biomass,
"In our system, nanowires harvest solar energy and deliver electrons to bacteria, where carbon dioxide is reduced and combined with water for the synthesis of a variety of targeted, value-added chemical products."
the Berkeley team achieved a solar energy conversion efficiency of up to 0. 38-percent for about 200 hours under simulated sunlight,
in the production of biofuels--have been produced in the reactor. Following synthesis, magnets used as catalysts can be gathered efficiently in
include high permeability polymers, nanomagnets for medical diagnostics applications, materials for the 3d printing of metal articles,
and silicon-based materials for thermoelectric and solar power components. VTT is currently seeking a party interested in commercializing the technique e
#Better battery imaging paves way for renewable energy future"Iron fluoride has the potential to triple the amount of energy a conventional lithium-ion battery can store,
we could advance large-scale renewable energy storage technologies for electric cars and microgrids, "he says. Jin also believes that the novel X-ray imaging technique will facilitate the studies of other technologically important solid-state transformations
'will be used in quantum computers of the future to read information stored in the charge or spin of a single electron."
However, this is not the case of the latest cutting-edge devices such as ultra-precise biosensors, single electron transistors, molecular circuits and quantum computers.
#Researchers add a new wrinkle to cell culture Using a technique that introduces tiny wrinkles into sheets of graphene,
"We've shown that you can make textured environments for cell culture fairly easily using graphene."
graphene, the carbon nanomaterial. To make their textured surfaces, the researchers used graphene oxide dispersed in a solution
and dabbed onto a substrate made from a rubbery silicon material. Before applying the graphene,
tension is applied to the substrate to stretch it out like a rubber band. When the graphene dries,
the tension is released and the substrate snaps back to its normal size. When that happens, tiny wrinkles--ridges just a few microns high and spaced a few microns apart--form in the graphene layer atop the substrate.
The size of the wrinkles can be controlled by the concentration of the graphene solution and the extent of the substrate stretching.
A more concentrated solution increases the spacing between the wrinkle ridges. More stretching increases the height of the wrinkles.
and mouse fibroblast cells (cells involved in wound healing) on flat graphene sheets and on wrinkled ones.
"On the flat graphene, the cells were disorganized, multipolar and not aligned,"said Evelyn Kendall Williams, another undergraduate member of the research team."
spindly appearance similar to the look of the cells that grew in the graphene wrinkles.
"This is a new application for graphene, "Hurt said.""We are just beginning to realize all of the innovative ways one can use this atomically thin and flexible building block to make new materials and devices."
wind turbines Karl A. Gschneidner and fellow scientists at the U s. Department of energy's Ames Laboratory have created a new magnetic alloy that is an alternative to traditional rare-earth permanent magnets.
and wind turbines--eliminates the use of one of the scarcest and costliest rare earth elements, dysprosium,
#Electrical power converter allows grid to easily accept power from renewable energy Doctoral student Joseph Carr developed the system with his adviser, Juan Balda, University Professor and head of the department of electrical engineering.
Innovations in this field are critical as the United states moves toward integration of renewable energy sources to the national power grid.
"The availability and use of renewable energy sources, such as solar, geothermal and wind, and their associated harvesting systems increase the need for new power converters that can efficiently convert diverse energy sources to work across modern electrical grid systems.
Current renewable energy conversion systems are bulky, inefficient and struggle to accept multiple inputs from diverse sources.
and analyze very large--and stunningly diverse--genomic'big data'collections. Led by Olga Troyanskaya, deputy director for genomics at SCDA
the team collected and integrated data from about 38,000 genome-wide experiments (from an estimated 14,000 publications.
--and could not have been accomplished without'big data'--in human tissue. Many human cell types important to disease cannot be studied by traditional direct experimentation,
who also is a professor in the computer science department and the Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics at Princeton university."
Our approach mined these big data collections to build a map of how genetic circuits function in the podocyte cells,
"These are so-called thermoplastic polyurethanes, "explains Robert Liska from the Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry of Vienna University of Technology."
3d printed case and integrated to act just like a fluorescence microscope. Although other smartphone-turned-microscopes can image larger scale objects such as cells,
the entire data processing takes less than 10 seconds. In their lab Ozcan's group tested the device's accuracy by imaging fluorescently labeled and stretched DNA segments.
which are problematic for conventional gel electrophoresis, a frequently used technique in biochemistry and molecular biology to size DNA and RNA fragments.
under the sunlight, a small portion of solar energy(<1 percent) captured by chlorophyll is emitted as fluorescence.
Remote Electronic Voting with Untrusted Computers',will be presented at the 28th IEEE Computer security Foundations Symposium in Verona, Italy, in July y
complex sets of data sets and unearth unexpected insights.""This combination has provided us with a powerful tool for recognizing copy number alterations,
#New centimeter-accurate GPS SYSTEM could transform virtual reality and mobile devices The researchers'new system could allow unmanned aerial vehicles to deliver packages to a specific spot on a consumer's back porch,
enable collision avoidance technologies on cars and allow virtual reality (VR) headsets to be used outdoors. The researchers'new centimeter-accurate GPS coupled with a smartphone camera could be used to quickly build a globally referenced 3-D map of one's surroundings that would greatly expand the radius of a VR game.
Currently, VR does not use GPS, which limits its use to indoors and usually a two-to three-foot radius."Imagine games where,
"To be able to do this type of outdoor, multiplayer virtual reality game, you need highly accurate position
Humphreys and his team are working with Samsung to develop a snap-on accessory that will tell smartphones, tablets and virtual reality headsets their precise position and orientation.
Next generation Cellscope uses video, automationfor this latest generation of the mobile phone microscope, named Cellscope Loa, the researchers paired a smartphone with a 3d printed plastic base where the sample of blood
by developing a 3d printed layered structure incorporating neural cells, that mimics the structure of brain tissue.
The bio-ink is then optimised for 3d printing, and developed for use in a standard cell culturing facility without the need for expensive bioprinting equipment.
"This study highlights the importance of integrating advances in 3d printing, with those in materials science, to realise a biological outcome,
if you had a retinal implant.'"'"Fine said the paper aims to provide information about the quality of vision people can expect
Nitrogen-vacancy centers could potentially also be used to develop a quantum computer. In this case, the quick manipulation of its quantum states demonstrated in this work would be a decisive advantage e
these results are published on 3rd of August in the journal Nature Structural & Molecular biology. Just after fertilization,
for many years, researchers have explored other options that would provide greater energy storage for a given weight.
and atomic nuclei within molecules that take place in less than a tenth of a trillionth of a second--information that will benefit groundbreaking research in materials science, chemistry and biology.
they scatter off the sample's atomic nuclei and electrons. The scattered waves then combine to form a so-called diffraction pattern picked up by a detector.
Electrons scatter off both electrons and atomic nuclei in materials. X-rays, on the other hand, interact only with electrons.
#Narrowing the gap between synthetic and natural graphene Media-friendly Nobel laureates peeling layers of graphene from bulk graphite with sticky tape may capture the public imagination,
Mechanical exfoliation may give us pristine graphene, but industry requires scalable and cost-effective production processes with much higher yields.
Synthesis of graphene via chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of methane gas onto a copper substrate is the most common way of producing the quantity
but graphene produced in this way is prone to contamination from chemical agents used to remove the growth substrate.
another approach is to peel away the graphene, and preserve the copper foil for future reuse.
Electrochemical and dry delamination of CVD-grown graphene has previously been demonstrated, but the material still suffers from some processing-related contamination.
Arrayflagship-affiliated physicists from RWTH Aachen University and Forschungszentrum Jülich have together with colleagues in Japan devised a method for peeling graphene flakes from a CVD substrate with the help of intermolecular forces.
Key to the process is the strong Van der waals interaction that exists between graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, another 2d material within
Thanks to strong Van der waals interactions between graphene and boron nitride, CVD graphene can be separated from the copper
and minimises contamination of the graphene due to processing. Raman spectroscopy and transport measurements on the graphene/boron nitride heterostructures reveals high electron mobilities comparable with those observed in similar assemblies based on exfoliated graphene.
Furthermore--and this comes as something of a surprise to the researchers--no noticeable performance changes are detected between devices developed in the first and subsequent growth cycles.
This confirms the copper as a recyclable resource in the graphene fabrication process. Arraywith their dry-transfer process,
Banszerus and his colleagues have shown that the electronic properties of CVD-grown graphene can in principle match those of ultrahigh-mobility exfoliated graphene.
The key is to transfer CVD graphene from its growth substrate in such a way that chemical contamination is avoided The high mobility of pristine graphene is preserved
such as in maintaining spacing between self-driving cars that are platooned"-following each other at close intervals. Arrayin addition to Narasimhan and Kutulakos, the research team included Supreeth Achar, a CMU Ph d. student in robotics,
According to James M. Musser, M d.,Ph d.,principal investigator of the study and chair of the Department of Pathology and Genomic medicine at the Houston Methodist Research Institute, the collaborative research showed, at the precise nucleotide level,
If the core of a nuclear reactor gets too hot, bubbles in the cooling water can suddenly coalesce to form a vapor film that limits further heat transfer
Although plasma dynamics may seem far removed from the problem of film boiling in nuclear reactors,
#Paving the way for a faster quantum computer Since its conception, quantum mechanics has defied our natural way of thinking,
One of the most exciting and most difficult proposed quantum technologies is the quantum computer. Quantum logic gates are the basic building blocks of a quantum computer,
but constructing enough of them to perform a useful computation is difficult. In the usual approach to quantum computing, quantum gates are applied in a specific order, one gate before another.
But it was realized recently that quantum mechanics permits one to"superimpose quantum gates.""If engineered correctly, this means that a set of quantum gates can act in all possible orders at the same time.
it was used to successfully demonstrate a new kind of quantum computing. The scientists were able to accomplish a computation with an efficiency that cannot be achieved within the old scheme of quantum computing.
This work opens a door for future studies on novel types of quantum computation. Although its full implications are still unknown,
exciting way to connect theoretical research on the foundations of physics to experimental quantum computing g
Researchers at the Center for Molecular biology of Heidelberg University, the German Cancer Research center and the Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies collaborated on the project,
Dr. Bernd Bukau, Director of the Center for Molecular biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), who is also a researcher at the German Cancer Research center (DKFZ.
#New optical chip lights up the race for quantum computer The microprocessor inside a computer is a single multipurpose chip that has revolutionized people's life,
It's a major step forward in creating a quantum computer to solve problems such as designing new drugs
A major barrier in testing new theories for quantum science and quantum computing is the time and resources needed to build new experiments,
if we are to realise our vision for a quantum computer
#Better way to engineer therapeutic proteins into antibodies Some proteins exist so fleetingly in the bloodstream that they can't be given effectively as therapies.
#Engineers'sandwich'atomic layers to make new materials for energy storage The scientists whose job it is to test the limits of what nature--specifically chemistry--will allow to exist, just set up shop on some new real estate on the Periodic table.
Drexel University researchers are testing an array of new combinations that may vastly expand the options available to create faster, smaller, more efficient energy storage, advanced electronics and wear-resistant materials.
or more, of these new materials will exhibit energy storage and durability properties so disproportional to its size that it could revolutionize technology in the future."
"As far as energy storage materials go, MXENES were a revelation. Prior to their discovery, graphene,
which is a single sheet of carbon atoms, was the first two-dimensional material to be touted for its potential energy storage capabilities.
graphene was difficult to modify in form and therefore had limited energy storage capabilities. The new MXENES have surfaces that can store more energy.
An Elemental Impasse Four years later, the researchers have worked their way through the section of the Periodic table with elements called"transition metals"
while testing their energy storage properties. Anasori's discovery comes at a time when the group has encountered an obstacle on its progress through the table of elements."
which could unearth a vein of new physical properties that support energy storage and other applications.""This level of structural complexity,
the Phd in biochemistry and molecular biology Gabriel Cabrera Betanzos designed a microencapsulation process from pomegranate juice
and their design was done traditionally by manufacturing but now, with 3d printing, computer manufacturing and more laser technology,
and storing renewable energy, such as solar or wind power, is a key barrier to a clean energy economy.
The research group developed the molecular biology method MIME (Mutational Interference Mapping Experiment) to investigate the interaction of RNA with its respective interaction partners in detail.
The procedure used a robotic device manufactured by Richmond, California-based Ekso Bionics which captures data that enables the research team to determine how much the subject is moving his own limbs,
The wearable technology combines motion sensors and the measurement of electrical activity generated by muscles to interpret hand gestures,
he says his team will look to incorporate all of these functions into one wearable device by combining the hardware and reducing the overall size of the required electronics.
they are used in quantum computers. Alongside the brightness and robustness of the light source the indistinguishability of the photons is especially crucial.
#First superconducting graphene created by researchers Graphene, the ultra-thin, ultra-strong material made from a single layer of carbon atoms,
University of British columbia (UBC) physicists have been able to create the first ever superconducting graphene sample by coating it with lithium atoms.
based on the graphite used in pencils--inducing superconductivity in single-layer graphene has eluded until now scientists.""Decorating monolayer graphene with a layer of lithium atoms enhances the graphene's electron-phonon coupling to the point where superconductivity can be induced,
"says Andrea Damascelli, director of UBC's Quantum Matter Institute and lead scientist of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences study outlining the discovery.
Graphene, roughly 200 times stronger than steel by weight, is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern.
sensors and transparent electrodes using graphene.""This is an amazing material, '"says Bart Ludbrook, first author on the PNAS paper and a former Phd researcher in Damascelli's group at UBC."
"Decorating monolayer graphene with a layer of lithium atoms enhances the graphene's electron-phonon coupling to the point where superconductivity can be stabilized."
"Given the massive scientific and technological interest, the ability to induce superconductivity in single-layer graphene promises to have significant cross-disciplinary impacts.
According to financial reports, the global market for graphene reached $9 million in 2014 with most sales in the semiconductor, electronics, battery, energy,
prepared the Li-decorated graphene in ultra-high vacuum conditions and at ultra-low temperatures (5 K or-449 F or-267 C),
#First superconducting graphene created by researchers Graphene, the ultra-thin, ultra-strong material made from a single layer of carbon atoms,
University of British columbia (UBC) physicists have been able to create the first ever superconducting graphene sample by coating it with lithium atoms.
based on the graphite used in pencils--inducing superconductivity in single-layer graphene has eluded until now scientists.""Decorating monolayer graphene with a layer of lithium atoms enhances the graphene's electron-phonon coupling to the point where superconductivity can be induced,
"says Andrea Damascelli, director of UBC's Quantum Matter Institute and lead scientist of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences study outlining the discovery.
Graphene, roughly 200 times stronger than steel by weight, is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern.
sensors and transparent electrodes using graphene.""This is an amazing material, '"says Bart Ludbrook, first author on the PNAS paper and a former Phd researcher in Damascelli's group at UBC."
"Decorating monolayer graphene with a layer of lithium atoms enhances the graphene's electron-phonon coupling to the point where superconductivity can be stabilized."
"Given the massive scientific and technological interest, the ability to induce superconductivity in single-layer graphene promises to have significant cross-disciplinary impacts.
According to financial reports, the global market for graphene reached $9 million in 2014 with most sales in the semiconductor, electronics, battery, energy,
prepared the Li-decorated graphene in ultra-high vacuum conditions and at ultra-low temperatures (5 K or-449 F or-267 C),
According to the team's simulations of solar power generation during the summer solstice in Arizona it is almost as good as a conventional single-axis tracker, offering a 36 percent improvement over a stationary panel.
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
#Biodiesel made easier, cleaner with waste-recycling catalyst Researchers at Cardiff University have devised a way of increasing the yield of biodiesel by using the waste left over from its production process.
Using simple catalysis, the researchers have been able to recycle a non-desired by-product produced when biodiesel is formed from vegetable oil,
and convert this into an ingredient to produce even more biodiesel. It is believed this new process will have significant environmental benefits by improving the yield of biodiesel in a sustainable way that doesn't require the use of additional fossil fuels
and could potentially reduce the costs of the biodiesel production process. The results have been published in the journal Nature Chemistry.
By 2020, the EU aims to have 10 per cent of the transport fuel of every EU country come from renewable sources such as biofuels.
Fuel suppliers are required also to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the EU fuel mix by 6 per cent by 2020 in comparison to 2010.
At present, biodiesel is produced by combining fats and oils with methanol, which is derived usually from fossil fuels.
A waste product from this process is crude glycerol which is formed on a large scale and contains many impurities that make it costly to purify
which could then be used as a starting reactant to create more biodiesel. To achieve this, the researchers reacted glycerol with water,
the researchers estimate up to a 10 per cent increase in biodiesel production, which they claim would be very helpful to industry at this point in time.
"Biodiesel manufacture is a growing part of the EU fuel pool, with statutory amounts being required to be added to diesel that is derived from fossil fuels."
"We've provided unprecedented chemistry that highlights the potential to manufacture biodiesel in a much more environmentally friendly,
"This paper shows how fundamental catalysis research can develop new mild processes to enhance the sustainability of biodiesel.
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