It's an advance that could have huge implications for everything from photography to solar power.
meaning it can gather a lot of light energy, and then scatters the light over a very large area,
this one very small optical device can receive light energy from all around and yield a surprisingly strong output.
Given the nanoresonator's capacity to absorb large amounts of light energy, the technology also has potential in applications that harvest the sun's energy with high efficiency.
In addition, Yu envisions simply letting the resonator emit that energy in the form of infrared light toward the sky,
and could enable new technologies in light sensing and solar energy conversion, "Yu says s
#Better memory with faster lasers DVDS and Blu-ray disks contain so-called phase-change materials that morph from one atomic state to another after being struck with pulses of laser light, with data"recorded"in those two atomic states.
and deliver a payload of drug, "said Cassandra Callmann, a graduate student in chemistry and biochemistry at the University of California, San diego,
larger graphene add a liquid layer July 15th, 2015nanocrystalline Thin-film Solar cells July 15th, 2015better memory with faster lasers July 14th, 2015cancer Nanospheres shield chemo drugs,
2015super graphene can help treat cancer July 10th, 2015govt. -Legislation/Regulation/Funding/Policy Researchers Build a Transistor from a Molecule and A few Atoms July 14th, 2015world first:
larger graphene add a liquid layer July 15th, 2015nanocrystalline Thin-film Solar cells July 15th, 2015better memory with faster lasers July 14th,
larger graphene add a liquid layer July 15th, 2015nanocrystalline Thin-film Solar cells July 15th, 2015polymer mold makes perfect silicon nanostructures July 14th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers For faster,
larger graphene add a liquid layer July 15th, 2015delmic reports on a new review paper published in Nature Methods on Correlated Light
which you can temporarily store your solar energy. In short, for a solar fuels future we cannot ignore gallium phosphide any longer
#An easy, scalable and direct method for synthesizing graphene in silicon microelectronics: Korean researchers grow 4-inch diameter, high-quality, multi-layer graphene on desired silicon substrates,
an important step for harnessing graphene in commercial silicon microelectronics Abstract: In the last decade, graphene has been studied intensively for its unique optical, mechanical, electrical and structural properties.
The one-atom-thick carbon sheets could revolutionize the way electronic devices are manufactured and lead to faster transistors, cheaper solar cells, new types of sensors and more efficient bioelectric sensory devices.
As a potential contact electrode and interconnection material, wafer-scale graphene could be an essential component in microelectronic circuits,
but most graphene fabrication methods are not compatible with silicon microelectronics, thus blocking graphene's leap from potential wonder material to actual profit-maker.
Now researchers from Korea University in Seoul, have developed an easy and microelectronics-compatible method to grow graphene
and have synthesized successfully wafer-scale (four inches in diameter), high-quality, multi-layer graphene on silicon substrates.
The method is based on an ion implantation technique, a process in which ions are accelerated under an electrical field and smashed into a semiconductor.
The impacting ions change the physical, chemical or electrical properties of the semiconductor. In a paper published this week in the journal Applied Physics Letters, from AIP Publishing,
which takes graphene a step closer to commercial applications in silicon microelectronics.""For integrating graphene into advanced silicon microelectronics, large-area graphene free of wrinkles, tears and residues must be deposited on silicon wafers at low temperatures,
which cannot be achieved with conventional graphene synthesis techniques as they often require high temperatures, "said Jihyun Kim, the team leader and a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological engineering at Korea University."
"Our work shows that the carbon ion implantation technique has great potential for the direct synthesis of wafer-scale graphene for integrated circuit technologies."
"Discovered just over a decade ago, graphene is considered now the thinnest, lightest and strongest material in the world.
Graphene is completely flexible and transparent while being inexpensive and nontoxic, and it can conduct electricity as well as copper,
carrying electrons with almost no resistance even at room temperature, a property known as ballistic transport. Graphene's unique optical, mechanical and electrical properties have lead to the one-atom-thick form of carbon being heralded as the next generation material for faster, smaller, cheaper and less power-hungry electronics."
"In silicon microelectronics, graphene is a potential contact electrode and an interconnection material linking semiconductor devices to form the desired electrical circuits,
"said Kim.""This renders high processing temperature undesirable, as temperature-induced damage, strains, metal spiking
"Thus, although the conventional graphene fabrication method of chemical vapor deposition is used widely for the large-area synthesis of graphene on copper and nickel films,
000 degrees Celsius and a subsequent transfer process of the graphene from the metallic film to the silicon."
"The transferred graphene on the target substrate often contains cracks, wrinkles and contaminants,"said Kim."
"Thus, we are motivated to develop a transfer-free method to directly synthesize high quality, multilayer graphene in silicon microelectronics."
The nickel layer, with high carbon solubility, is used as a catalyst for graphene synthesis. The process is followed then by high temperature activation annealing (about 600 to 900 degrees Celsius) to form a honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms, a typical microscopic structure of graphene.
Kim explained that the activation annealing temperature could be lowered by performing the ion implantation at an elevated temperature.
multi-layer graphene by varying the ambient pressure, ambient gas, temperature and time during the treatment.
as the graphene layer thickness can be determined precisely by controlling the dose of carbon ion implantation.""Our synthesis method is controllable and scalable,
allowing us to obtain graphene as large as the size of the silicon wafer over 300 millimeters in diameter,
and to control the thickness of the graphene for manufacturing production n
#Self-Cleaning Woolen Fabrics Produced in Iran Woolen products are very good sources for the growth of bacteria and microorganisms due to their protein structure,
#More efficient process to produce graphene developed by Ben-Gurion University researchers Abstract: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) and University of Western australia researchers have developed a new process to develop few-layer graphene for use in energy storage and other material applications that is faster,
potentially scalable and surmounts some of the current graphene production limitations. Graphene is a thin atomic layer of graphite (used in pencils) with numerous properties that could be valuable in a variety of applications,
including medicine, electronics and energy. Discovered only 11 years ago, graphene is one of the strongest materials in the world, highly conductive, flexible, and transparent.
However, current methods for production currently require toxic chemicals and lengthy and cumbersome processes that result in low yield that is not scalable for commercial applications.
The new revolutionary one-step high-yield generation process is detailed in the latest issue of Carbon,
Jeffrey Gordon of the Alexandre Yersin Department of Solar energy and Environmental Physics at the Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research and Prof.
and has succeeded in synthesizing few-layer (4-5) graphene in higher yields. It involves a novel optical system (originally invented by BGU Profs.
which few-layer (and eventually single-layer graphene can be synthesized d
#Researchers boost wireless power transfer with magnetic field enhancement Wireless power transfer works by having a transmitter coil generate a magnetic field;
as well as capacitors whose energy storage capacity increases about tenfold when the fibers are stretched. Fibers and cables derived from the invention might one day be used as interconnects for super-elastic electronic circuits;
Riverside that has found an ingenious way to make solar energy conversion more efficient. The researchers report in Nano Letters that by combining inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals with organic molecules, they have succeeded in"upconverting"photons in the visible and near-infrared regions of the solar spectrum."
"Besides solar energy, the ability to upconvert two low energy photons into one high energy photon has potential applications in biological imaging, data storage and organic light-emitting diodes.
"The ability to move light energy from one wavelength to another, more useful region, for example, from red to blue, can impact any technology that involves photons as inputs or outputs,
The hybrid sol-gel materials had shown potential for efficient dielectric energy storage because of their high orientational polarization under an electric field,
"This work emphasizes the importance of controlling the electrode-dielectric interface to maximize the performance of dielectric materials for energy storage application
data center servers and the specialized computers that direct autonomous cars and drones with collision detection. Eventually, the technology could reach home computers
Data centers that require faster connections between computers also could implement the technology soon, he says s
#Scientists print low cost radio frequency antenna with graphene ink (Nanowerk News) Scientists have moved graphene--the incredibly strong and conductive single-atom-thick sheet of carbon--a significant step along the path
Researchers from the University of Manchester, together with BGT Materials Limited, a graphene manufacturer in the United kingdom, have printed a radio frequency antenna using compressed graphene ink.
from AIP Publishing("Binder-free highly conductive graphene laminate for low cost printed radio frequency applications")."These scanning electron microscope images show the graphene ink after it was deposited
and dried (a) and after it was compressed (b). Compression makes the graphene nanoflakes more dense,
which improves the electrical conductivity of the laminate. Image: Xianjun Huang, et al.//University of Manchester) The study demonstrates that printable graphene is now ready for commercial use in low-cost radio frequency applications,
said Zhirun Hu, a researcher in the School of Electrical and Electronic engineering at the University of Manchester."
"The point is that graphene is no longer just a scientific wonder. It will bring many new applications to our daily life very soon,"added Kostya S. Novoselov, from the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester, who coordinated the project.
Graphene Gets Inked Since graphene was isolated first and tested in 2004, researchers have striven to make practical use of its amazing electrical and mechanical properties.
One of the first commercial products manufactured from graphene was conductive ink, which can be used to print circuits and other electronic components.
Graphene ink is generally low cost and mechanically flexible advantages it has over other types of conductive ink,
such as solutions made from metal nanoparticles. To make the ink, graphene flakes are mixed with a solvent,
and sometimes a binder like ethyl cellulose is added to help the ink stick. Graphene ink with binders usually conducts electricity better than binder-free ink,
but only after the binder material, which is an insulator, is broken down in a high-heat process called annealing.
which graphene ink can be printed because the high temperatures destroy materials like paper or plastic. The University of Manchester research team
together with BGT Materials Limited, found a way to increase the conductivity of graphene ink without resorting to a binder.
and the resulting"graphene laminate"was also almost two times more conductive than previous graphene ink made with a binder.
and More The researchers tested their compressed graphene laminate by printing a graphene antenna onto a piece of paper.
"Graphene based RFID tags can significantly reduce the cost thanks to a much simpler process and lower material cost,
The University of Manchester and BGT Materials Limited team has plans to further develop graphene enabled RFID tags,
#Printing 3-D graphene structures for tissue engineering Ever since single-layer graphene burst onto the science scene in 2004,
and ultra-strong and lightweight structure, graphene has potential for many applications in electronics, energy, the environment,
Now a team of Northwestern University researchers has found a way to print three-dimensional structures with graphene nanoflakes.
The fast and efficient method could open up new opportunities for using graphene printed scaffolds regenerative engineering and other electronic or medical applications.
and her postdoctoral fellow Adam Jakus, the team developed a novel graphene-based ink that can be used to print large, robust 3-D structures."
"People have tried to print graphene before, "Shah said.""But it's been a mostly polymer composite with graphene making up less than 20 percent of the volume."
"With a volume so meager, those inks are unable to maintain many of graphene's celebrated properties.
But adding higher volumes of graphene flakes to the mix in these ink systems typically results in printed structures too brittle and fragile to manipulate.
Shah's ink is the best of both worlds. At 60-70 percent graphene, it preserves the material's unique properties,
including its electrical conductivity. And it's flexible and robust enough to print robust macroscopic structures.
the graphene flakes are mixed with a biocompatible elastomer and quickly evaporating solvents.""It's a liquid ink,
"Supported by a Google Gift and a Mccormick Research Catalyst Award, the research is described in the paper"Three-dimensional Printing Of high-Content Graphene Scaffolds for Electronic and Biomedical Applications","published in the April
An expert in biomaterials, Shah said 3-D printed graphene scaffolds could play a role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as well as in electronic devices.
"The printed graphene structure is also flexible and strong enough to be sutured easily to existing tissues,
and graphene's electrical conductivity most likely contributed to the scaffold's biological success."Cells conduct electricity inherently--especially neurons,
"The graphene-based ink directly follows work that Shah and her graduate student Alexandra Rutz completed earlier in the year to develop more cell-compatible, water-based, printable gels.
The new findings using a layer of one-atom-thick graphene deposited on top of a similar 2-D layer of a material called hexagonal boron nitride (hbn) are published in the journal Nano Letters("Tunable Lightatter
The hybrid material blocks light when a particular voltage is applied to the graphene while allowing a special kind of emission and propagation, called yperbolicity,
Light interaction with graphene produces particles called plasmons while light interacting with hbn produces phonons.
The properties of the graphene allow precise control over light, while hbn provides very strong confinement and guidance of the light.
says, his work represents significant progress on understanding tunable interactions of light in graphene-hbn.
The work is retty criticalfor providing the understanding needed to develop optoelectronic or photonic devices based on graphene and hbn,
and they lose only a few%of their energy storage capacity after 1000 cycles. Researchers attribute this performance to rational design
and electron transport in nanostructures for energy storage and to test the limits of 3-D nanobattery technology y
who also runs the Materials Genomics and Quantum Devices Laboratories at Temple's College of Engineering.
"The ability to detect even smaller amounts of chemical and biological molecules could be helpful with biosensors that are used to detect cancer, Malaria, HIV and other illnesses."
and data processing is carried out in real-time using cloud computing software similar to that developed by the Cambridge team. hen the project started in 2006 there were lone voices calling for a different approach to air quality monitoring,
#Engineers develop state-by-state plan to convert US to 100 percent renewable energy (Nanowerk News) One potential way to combat ongoing climate change,
create jobs and stabilize energy prices involves converting the world's entire energy infrastructure to run on clean, renewable energy.
The researchers focused on meeting each state's new power demands using only the renewable energies-wind, solar, geothermal, hydroelectric,
The plan calls for no more than 0. 5 percent of any state's land to be covered in solar panels or wind turbines.
#Physicists develop ultrasensitive nanomechanical biosensor Two young researchers working at the MIPT Laboratory of Nanooptics and Plasmonics,
The device, described in an article published in the journal Scientific Reports("All-nanophotonic NEMS biosensor on a chip"
-and nanomechanical biosensors for quite a while now and can say that no one has been able to introduce a simple and scalable technology for parallel monitoring that would be ready to use outside a laboratory.
#3d printing of metal with microscale droplets A team of researchers from the University of Twente has found a way to 3d print structures of copper and gold,
Their work is published in Advanced Materials 3d printing is a rapidly advancing field, that is sometimes referred to as the'new cornerstone of the manufacturing industry'.
'However, at present, 3d printing is limited mostly to plastics. If metals could be used for 3d printing as well, this would open a wide new range of possibilities.
Metals conduct electricity and heat very well, and they're very robust. Therefore, 3d printing in metals would allow manufacturing of entirely new devices and components,
such as small cooling elements or connections between stacked chips in smartphones. However, metals melt at a high temperature.
#Researchers grind nanotubes to get nanoribbons (w/video) A simple way to turn carbon nanotubes into valuable graphene nanoribbons may be to grind them,
Highly conductive graphene nanoribbons, thousands of times smaller than a human hair, are finding their way into the marketplace in composite materials.
#Squid inspires camouflaging smart materials The researchers have shown the artificial skin, made from electroactive dielectric elastomer, a soft,
"Our ultimate goal is to create artificial skin that can mimic fast acting active camouflage and be used for smart clothing such as cloaking suits and dynamic illuminated clothing."
"The researchers investigated making bio-inspired artificial skin embedded with artificial chromatophores using thin sheets (five to ten millimetre) of dielectric elastomer-a soft,
a team of researchers led by Boston College chemist Dunwei Wang achieved'unassisted'water splitting using the abundant rust-like mineral and silicon to capture and store solar energy within hydrogen gas.
'Getting there will contribute to a sustainable future powered by renewable energy.''The team, which included researchers from Boston College, UC Berkeley and China's University of Science and Technology, decided to focus on hematite's surface imperfections,
the central process behind using artificial photosynthesis to capture and store solar energy in hydrogen gas.
The new algorithm provides much-needed methods for genomics, making large-scale, complex analysis a manageable and practical endeavour."
Researchers measure graphene vibrations (Nanowerk News) An international research group led by scientists at the National Institute of Standards
and Technology's (NIST) Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology has developed a method for measuring crystal vibrations in graphene.
Understanding these vibrations is a critical step toward controlling future technologies based on graphene, a one-atom thick form of carbon.
Tunneling electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope tip excites phonons in graphene. The image shows the graphene lattice with blue arrows indicating the motion direction of that carbon atoms for one of the low energy phonon modes in graphene.
Image: Wyrick/NIST) They report their findings in the June 19, 2015, issue of Physical Review Letters("Strong Asymmetric Charge Carrier Dependence in Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy of Graphene Phonons").
"Carbon atoms in graphene sheets are arranged in a regularly repeating honeycomb-like latticea two-dimensional crystal. Like other crystals,
when enough heat or other energy is applied, the forces that bond the atoms together cause the atoms to vibrate
NIST researchers used their STM to systematically alter the number of electrons moving through their graphene device.
The team was able to map all the graphene phonons this way, and their findings agreed well with their Georgia Tech collaborators'theoretical predictions.
when we switched the graphene charge carrier from holes to electronspositive to negative charges, "says Stroscio."
The high purity graphene device was fabricated by NIST researcher Y. Zhao in the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology's Nanofab, a national user facility available to researchers from industry, academia and government t
They knew an exciting reaction was occurring inside the battery that increased its energy storage capacity dramatically
because more lithium uptake means greater energy storage. Germanium is less abundant and more costly than other materials, such as silicon or carbon,
#Chemists devise technology that could transform solar energy storage (Nanowerk News) The materials in most of todays residential rooftop solar panels can store energy from the sun for only a few microseconds at a time.
A new technology developed by chemists at UCLA is capable of storing solar energy for up to several weeks an advance that could change the way scientists think about designing solar cells.
The new design is inspired by the way that plants generate energy through photosynthesis. Biology does a very good job of creating energy from sunlight,
To capture energy from sunlight conventional rooftop solar cells use silicon, a fairly expensive material. There is currently a big push to make lower-cost solar cells using plastics, rather than silicon,
though, the UCLA research has proven that inexpensive photovoltaic materials can be organized in a way that greatly improves their ability to retain energy from sunlight t
Shes designed a village-scale desalination system that runs on solar power. Since her system is powered by the sun,
To further exploit the power and precision of LZA, the researchers applied a heat-sensitive elastic coating on top of the unassembled polymer film.
at very limited input power levels 10 nanowatts to 1 microwatt for the Internet of things. The prototype chip was manufactured through the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company's University Shuttle Program.
IBM is betting that future chips made of these materials will create more energy efficient and powerful cloud data centers and consumer devices d
While the mirror by itself would simply reflect all of the incident light energy the absorbing layer selectively filters out a narrow slice of the spectrum,
however, can be scaled to match those of various mobile devices such as Internet-of-Things (Iot) enabled wearables and smartphones.
The device, described in a study published June 23 in Nature Communications("Bifunctional non-noble metal oxide nanoparticle electrocatalysts through lithium-induced conversion for overall water splitting"),could provide a renewable source of clean
They also used a type of tiny weighing scale called an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) to measure changes in mass as little as a millionth of a gram.
renewable energy and optoelectronics, are typically expensive and complicated to manufacture. In particular, current chemical synthesis methods use high temperatures and toxic solvents,
the research centre CSP and four wine cooperatives are testing a decision support system (DSS) based on wireless sensor networks,
precision agriculture is a welcome tool: We stand for sustainable agriculture, so we try to make the most of technology in each case,
while of course ensuring that it doesn't infringe human rights or have long-term environmental effects like GMOS,
"-or magnetization-of atomic nuclei to store and process information promises huge gains in performance over today's electron-based devices.
So prototypes of nuclear spintronic devices that exploit the IME researchers'technique may be developed in the near future.
sees this hormone-releasing microchip as one of the first implantable artificial organs because it acts as a gland.
We are doing that with this artificial organ we created. A version of Microchip Biotech's implantable, wirelessly controlled microchip.
Image courtesy of Chongwu Zhou and Bilu Liu) The demand for a silicon material aided the discovery of graphene, a single layer of graphite
#Graphene flexes its electronic muscles Flexing graphene may be the most basic way to control its electrical properties, according to calculations by theoretical physicists at Rice university and in Russia.
and predictable in nanocones and should apply equally to other forms of graphene. The researchers discovered it may be possible to access
which the electronic properties of a sheet of graphene can be manipulated simply by twisting it a certain way.
The work will be of interest to those considering graphene elements in flexible touchscreens or memories that store bits by controlling electric dipole moments of carbon atoms
Perfect graphene an atom-thick sheet of carbon is a conductor, as its atomselectrical charges balance each other out across the plane.
But curvature in graphene compresses the electron clouds of the bonds on the concave side and stretches them on the convex side,
The researchers who published their results this month in the American Chemical Society Journal of Physical chemistry Letters discovered they could calculate the flexoelectric effect of graphene rolled into a cone of any size and length.
The researchers used density functional theory to compute dipole moments for individual atoms in a graphene lattice
and then figure out their cumulative effect They suggested their technique could be used to calculate the effect for graphene in other more complex shapes, like wrinkled sheets or distorted fullerenes,
several of which they also analyzed. hile the dipole moment is zero for flat graphene or cylindrical nanotubes,
Carbon nanotubes, seamless cylinders of graphene, do not display a total dipole moment, he said. While not zero, the vector-induced moments cancel each other out.
Participants include the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular biology and Applied Ecology IME in Aachen, as well as the Institute for Environment, Safety,
In addition to the exhaust gases, syngas similar gas mixtures from home and industrial waste incineration can also be used for the engineered process
The biochemists at IME use syngas a mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen as a carbon resource for fermentation.
the syngas transforms either into short-chain alcohols like butanol and hexanol, or into acetone.
At the same time, Fraunhofer further expanded its syngas fermentation system and used it for experiments with the steel and chemicals industry.
#Researchers develop new storage cell for solar energy storage, nighttime conversion (Nanowerk News) A University of Texas at Arlington materials science and engineering team has developed a new energy cell that can store large-scale solar energy even
when it's dark. The innovation is an advancement over the most common solar energy systems that rely on using sunlight immediately as a power source.
Those systems are hindered by not being able to use that solar energy at night or when cloudy conditions exist.
The UT Arlington team developed an all-vanadium photo-electrochemical flow cell that allows for efficient and large-scale solar energy storage even at nighttime.
and use solar power, "said Fuqiang Liu, an assistant professor in the Materials science and engineering Department who led the research team."
"As renewable energy becomes more prevalent, the ability to store solar energy and use it as a renewable alternative provides a sustainable solution to the problem of energy shortage.
It also can effectively harness the inexhaustible energy from the sun."Dong Liu (left), Zi Wei (center) and Fuqiang Liu, an assistant professor in the UT Arlington Materials science and engineering Department.
000 Faculty Early Career development grant awarded to Liu to improve the way solar energy is captured, stored and transmitted for use.
"We have demonstrated simultaneously reversible storage of both solar energy and electrons in the cell, "Dong Liu said."
"Release of the stored electrons under dark conditions continues solar energy storage, thus allowing for unintermittent storage around the clock."
said that the research should allow solar energy storage to be done in a much higher capacity and on a much larger scale."
"Using an all-vanadium photo-electrochemical cell gives our energy storage an edge over other systems,
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