Processes now used to upgrade and desulfurize heavy crude oil are expensive and energy-intensive, and they require hydrogen,
Ghoniem says. ur goal is to provide computer models that companies can use to predict performance before they start building new equipment.
Green says. nd our empirical data show that the new SCW method does make less coke than the conventional process,
Nevertheless, the researchers were able to use powerful computers to accurately solve their CFD model,
They are taking a closer look at inexpensive catalysts that can help encourage the breakdown of large hydrocarbons
Nanoparticles made from these polymers have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell. Due to molecular-scale forces
BPA, another endocrine-disrupting synthetic compound widely used in plastic bottles and other resinous consumer goods, from thermal printing paper samples;
Power electronics is a ubiquitous technology used to convert electricity to higher or lower voltages and different currents such as in a laptop power adapter
and laptop power adapters one-third the size or even small enough to fit inside the computer itself. his is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to change electronics
an MIT associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science who co-invented the technology. Other cofounders and co-inventors are Anantha Chandrakasan, the Joseph F. and Nancy P. Keithley Professor in Electrical engineering, now chair of CEI technical advisory board;
Major applications CEI is currently using its advanced transistors to develop laptop power adaptors that are approximately 1. 5 cubic inches in volume the smallest ever made.
is better power electronics for data centers run by Google, Amazon, Facebook, and other companies, to power the cloud.
a workshop hosted by the Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science, where entrepreneurial engineering students are guided through the startup process with group discussions and talks from seasoned entrepreneurs.
Doggie Wearables Monitoring Shoppers and Catching TV While You Doze off In the past two years there been a boom in talk around the Internet of things and Wearables.
which data can be analyzed and shared is improving. Already, much of the world interacts with sensors on a daily, if not hourly,
biometric sensors will be featured in 40 percent of smartphones shipped to end users With the way technology is developing and the increasing consumer demand,
The technology uses mobile phones and tablets to collect data on where people are and how theye moving.
This kind of data can be used to ease the flow of urban traffic and optimize retail setups.
but providing longitudinal data on the dog health. The data from the sensors can show
if the dog is under unusual stress or if a chronic health condition may be worsening.
via Geeky Gadgets) Kipstr Will Catch the TV you Can Stay Awake For Kipstr Will Catch the TV you Can't Stay Awake For The Kipstr being worn to check if youe fallen asleep (Photo credit:
while theye watching TV. via 3d Print t
#Researchers use oxides to flip graphene conductivity Graphene a one-atom thick lattice of carbon atoms is touted often as a revolutionary material that will take the place of silicon at the heart of electronics.
Put together in sequence these p-n junctions form transistors which can in turn be combined into integrated circuits microchips and processors.
The finding has the potential to increase graphene's use in computers as in computer chips that use electronic spin to store data.
the Rice team used sophisticated computer modeling to show it's possible to rip nanoribbons
First the cell absorbs sunlight which excites electrons in the active layer of the cell.
A similar effect can be realized at a much smaller scale by using arrays of metallic nanostructures since light of certain wavelengths excites collective oscillations of free electrons known as plasmon resonances in such structures.
This enhanced resolution at the diffraction limit of light is critical for data storage digital imaging and security applications.
In these arrays each pixel was an 800-nanometer-long square containing four aluminum nanodisks.
Consequently by varying the diameter of the four aluminum nanodisks in a pixel (all four nanodisks having the same diameter) the scientists were able to produce about 15 distinct colors#a good start
(but keeping all four diameters within a pixel the same) and the spacing between adjacent nanodisks in a pixel (see image).
This method is analogous to half-toning used in ink-based printing and results in a broad color gamut comments Yang.
Researchers use aluminum nanostructures for photorealistic printing of plasmonic color palettes More information: Tan S. J. Zhang L. Zhu D. Goh X. M. Wang Y. M. et al.
Plasmonic color palettes for photorealistic printing with aluminum nanostructures. Nano Letters 14 4023#4029 (2014.
which consist of a core that glows blue when struck by near-infrared light, and an outer fabric of porphyrin-phospholipids (Pop) that wraps around the core.
Credit: Jonathan Lovell Differences like these mean doctors can get a much clearer picture of
and an outer fabric of porphyrin-phospholipids (Pop) that wraps around the core. Each part has unique characteristics that make it ideal for certain types of imaging.
The core, initially designed for upconversion imaging, is made from sodium, ytterbium, fluorine, yttrium and thulium.
""Another advantage of this core/shell imaging contrast agent is that it could enable biomedical imaging at multiple scales, from single-molecule to cell imaging,
Advanced Materials search and more info website Provided by University at Buffalo search and more info websit
#High-resolution patterns of quantum dots with e-jet printing A team of 17 materials science and engineering researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana#Champaign and Erciyes University in Turkey have authored High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots
Are formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes. Their paper was published in Nano Letters an ACS journal.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes.
The thickness can be controlled through a combination of printing parameters including the size of the nozzle the stage speed ink composition and voltage bias.
Their work on high-resolution patterns of quantum dots is of interest as it shows that advanced techniques in e-jet printing offer powerful capabilities in patterning quantum dot materials from solution inks over large areas.
E-jet printing refers to a technique called electrohydrodynamic jet described as a micro/nanomanufacturing process that uses an electric field to induce fluid jet printing through micro/nanoscale nozzles.
The resolution of conventional ink jet-printers printers is limited. For the past seven years she said Rogers has been developing the electrohydrodynamic jet printing method.
This kind of printer works by pulling ink droplets out of the nozzle rather than pushing them allowing for smaller droplets.
An electric field at the nozzle opening causes ions to form on the meniscus of the ink droplet.
Then a tiny droplet shears off and lands on the printing surface. A computer program controls the printer by directing the movement of the substrate
and varying the voltage at the nozzle to print a given pattern. Dot line square and complex images as QD patterns are possible the researchers said with tunable dimensions and thickness.
They wrote that these arrays as well as those constructed with multiple different QD materials directly patterned/stacked by e-jet printing can be utilized as photoluminescent and electroluminescent layers.
As for TV technology nearly every TV manufacturer at CES this year remarked Geoffrey Morrison in CNET said quantum dots helped deliver better more lifelike color.
Writing in IEEE Spectrum on Monday Prachi Patel similarly made note that Quantum dots (QDS) are light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals that used in light-emitting diodes (LEDS) hold the promise of brighter faster displays.
In the IEEE story headlined High-resolution Printing of Quantum dots For Vibrant Inexpensive Displays Patel said these researchers repurposed a printing method which they devised for other applications.
Inkjet printers usually have a few hundred nozzles said Patel. The difficulty with the e-jet printing method is that the electric field at one nozzle affects the fields of neighboring nozzles.
They are trying to figure out how to isolate nozzles in order to eliminate that crosstalk. Explore further:
High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots Formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes Nano Lett. Article ASAP.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots (QDS) with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes (LEDS).
The shapes and thicknesses of the QD patterns exhibit systematic dependence on the dimensions of the printing nozzle and the ink composition in ways that allow nearly arbitrary systematic control when exploited in a fully automated printing tool.
Sequential printing of different types of QDS in a multilayer stack or in an interdigitated geometry provides strategies for continuous tuning of the effective overall emission wavelengths of the resulting QD LEDS.
which is entitled"Colloidal Nanoparticles as Catalysts and Catalyst Precursors for Nitrite Hydrogenation"on Thursday 15 january a
The team's most recent advance also brings the field closer to realizing carbon nanotube transistors as a feasible replacement for silicon transistors in computer chips and in high-frequency communication devices,
In this study researchers exposed cultured laboratory mouse cells resembling the arterial wall cells to NPS of silicon dioxide
The renewable energy sources of tomorrow will often be found far away from the end user. Wind turbines, for example, are most effective when placed out at sea.
-which requires expensive equipment sophisticated processing methods and user expertise. This manufacturing cost is a major reason why semiconductor devices such as solar cells lasers
Using the data from this study carbon nanoparticles coated with genetically-engineered proteins are being used to target glioblastoma the most aggressive form of brain tumour.
and active electronics via 3-D printing (Phys. org) As part of a project demonstrating new 3-D printing techniques Princeton researchers have embedded tiny light-emitting diodes into a standard contact lens
In the recent past a team of Princeton professors including Mcalpine created a bionic ear out of living cells with an embedded antenna that could receive radio signals.
Kong the lead author of the Oct 31 article describing the current work in the journal Nano Letters said that the contact lens project on the other hand involved the printing of active electronics using diverse materials.
Mcalpine said that one of 3-D printing's greatest strengths is its ability to create electronics in complex forms.
and then stacks them into three dimensions 3-D printers can create vertical structures as easily as horizontal ones.
To conduct the research the team built a new type of 3-D printer that Mcalpine described as somewhere between off-the-shelf and really fancy.
and build the new printer which Mcalpine estimated cost in the neighborhood of $20000. Mcalpine said that he does not envision 3-D printing replacing traditional manufacturing in electronics any time soon;
instead they are complementary technologies with very different strengths. Traditional manufacturing which uses lithography to create electronic components is a fast and efficient way to make multiple copies with a very high reliability.
Manufacturers are using 3-D printing which is slow but easy to change and customize to create molds and patterns for rapid prototyping.
Trying to print a cellphone is probably not the way to go Mcalpine said It is customization that gives the power to 3-D printing.
In this case the researchers were able to custom 3-D print electronics on a contact lens by first scanning the lens and feeding the geometric information back into the printer.
ACS Nano Publication Date (Web: November 29 2014 DOI: 10.1021/nn505420 0
#New technique allows low-cost creation of 3-D nanostructures Researchers from North carolina State university have developed a new lithography technique that uses nanoscale spheres to create three-dimensional (3-D) structures
The new technique could also be used to create nanoscale inkjet printers for printing electronics or biological cells or to create antennas or photonic components.
The paper Sculpting Asymmetric Hollow-Core Three-dimensional Nanostructures Using Colloidal Particles was published online Dec 8 in the journal Small l
Heterostructured nanoparticles can be used as catalysts and in advanced energy conversion and storage systems. Typically these nanoparticles are created from tiny seeds of one material on top of
when one material grows on another said nanoscientist Elena Shevchenko of Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials a DOE Office of Science user facility.
Initially the gold covered the platinum seed's surface uniformly creating a type of nanoparticle known as core-shell.
Thanks to state-of-the-art X-ray analysis provided by Argonne's Advanced Photon Source (APS) a DOE Office of Science user facility the researchers identified the cause of the dumbbell formation as lattice mismatch in
The mismatch can be handled by the first two layers of gold atoms creating the core-shell effect
The core of the nanothreads that Badding's team made is a long thin strand of carbon atoms arranged just like the fundamental unit of a diamond's structure zigzag cyclohexane rings of six carbon atoms bound together in
and to link up in a highly ordered chain of single-file carbon tetrahedrons forming these diamond-core nanothreads.
He describes the thread's width as phenomenally small only a few atoms across hundreds of thousands of times smaller than an optical fiber enormously thinner that an average human hair.
The resulting diamond-core nanothread is surrounded by a halo of hydrogen atoms. During the compression process the scientists report the flat benzene molecules stack together bend
so that when we release the pressure very slowly an orderly polymerization reaction happens that forms the diamond-core nanothread.
The nanothread also may be the first member of a new class of diamond-like nanomaterials based on a strong tetrahedral core.
You can attach all kinds of other atoms around a core of carbon and hydrogen.
and spatially separated photon pairs (e g. for quantum cryptography) is already a reality. So far it has
A precise control and manipulation of quantum-mechanical states could pave the way for promising applications such as quantum computers and quantum cryptography.
which are of essential importance for quantum cryptography. An analogous generation and spatial separation of entangled electrons in solids would be of fundamental importance for future applications
and colleagues including Ban turned to expertise and a unique instrument at EMSL DOE's Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory a DOE Office of Science User Facility at PNNL.
The researchers combined semiconductor nanorods and carbon nanotubes to create a wireless light-sensitive flexible film that could potentially replace a damaged retina.
Computer simulations sharpen insights into molecules The resolution of scanning tunnelling microscopes can be improved dramatically by attaching small molecules or atoms to their tip.
Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech republic in Prague have used now computer simulations to gain deeper insights into the physics of these new imaging techniques.
Nanoporous metals offer an increased number of available sites for the adsorption of analytes a highly desirable feature for sensors.
Last a technique known as anisotropic ion beam milling (IBM) is used to etch through the mask to make an array of holes creating the nanoporous metal.
which display processor memory and energy devices are integrated. The high temperature processes essential for high performance electronic devices have restricted severely the development of flexible electronics because of the fundamental thermal instabilities of polymer materials.
The transferred device successfully demonstrates fully-functional random access memory operation on flexible substrates even under severe bending.
The ILLO process can be applied to diverse flexible electronics such as driving circuits for displays and inorganic-based energy devices such as battery solar cell and self-powered devices that require high temperature processes s
from the London Centre for Nanotechnology (UCL Mathematics & Physical sciences), said:""The pores have been known to act like a sieve that could hold back sugar
and IBM's T. J. Watson Research center have developed a prototype DNA reader that could make whole genome profiling an everyday practice in medicine.
The technology we've developed might just be the first big step in building a single-molecule sequencing device based on ordinary computer chip technology said Lindsay.
This made it impossible to use computer chip manufacturing methods to make devices said Lindsay.
or colors of light within the same pixel researchers have developed a new method for making 3d color prints.
Each pixel can exhibit one of two colors depending on the polarization of the light used to illuminate it.
So by viewing the pixels under light of both polarizations two separate images can be seen.
We have created possibly the smallest-ever stereoscopic images using pixels formed from plasmonic nanostructures Yang told Phys. org.
For example a 130-nm x 190-nm elliptical pixel appears green under y-polarized light
Comparing the two pixel shapes the researchers found that the elliptical pixels have a broader range of polarization-dependent colors
while the nanosquare dimer pixels have lower levels of cross-talk minimizing unwanted mixing of colors.
The researchers also note that it's possible to make pixels that can encode not just two but three or more images in a single pixel.
Inorganic#Organic Hybrid Nanoprobe for NIR-Excited Imaging of Hydrogen sulfide in Cell Cultures and Inflammation in a Mouse Model.
Scientists have developed now a fast low-cost way of making these sensors by directly printing conductive ink on paper.
Metal ink could ease the way toward flexible electronic books displays More information: Direct Writing on Paper of Foldable Capacitive Touch Pads with Silver nanowire Inks ACS Appl.
Post deposition silver nanowire tracks can be sintered photonically using a camera flash to reduce sheet resistance similar to thermal sintering approaches.
Once injected, the material locks into place at the site of the injury and rapidly decreases the time it takes for blood to clot in some instances by a whopping 77 percent,
or she can inject the material into the wound site where it will trigger a rapid coagulation
and his colleagues solidifies at the site of the wound and begins promoting coagulation in the targeted area.
and then regain its shape once inside the body something necessary for locking itself in place at the wound site,
it will probably be thanks to MIT spinout QD Vision, a pioneer of quantum dot television displays.
QD Vision has developed an optical component that can boost the color gamut for LCD televisions by roughly 50 percent,
Last June, Sony used QD Vision product, called Color IQ, in millions of its Bravia riluminostelevisions, marking the first-ever commercial quantum dot display.
ecause a lot of growth for the TV market is there, says Seth Coe-Sullivan Phd, cofounder and chief technology officer of QD Vision,
these displays will be olling out to the rest of the world. Replacing the bulb In conventional LCD TVS
pixels are illuminated by a white LED backlight that passes through blue, red, and green filters to produce the colors on the screen.
But this actually requires phosphors to convert a blue light to white; because of this process, much light is lost,
and displays only reach about 70 to 80 percent of the National Television Standard Committee color gamut.
With more light shining through the pixels, LCD TVS equipped with Color IQ produce 100 percent of the color gamut,
with greater power efficiency than any other technology. he value proposition is that you are not changing the display,
and yet the entire display looks much better. The colors are much more vivid known as much more saturated allowing you to generate a much more believable image,
Green from radle to gravewhile QD Vision aims to bring consumers more color-saturated displays,
which replaces phosphor in displays the company developed a much greener synthesis, according to the EPA.
Other technologies, called organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, use an organic compound to reach upward of 100 percent of the color gamut
Lighting to displays, and back QD Vision technology began at MIT more than a decade ago.
Coe-Sullivan, then a Phd student in electrical engineering and computer science, was working with Bulovic and students of Moungi Bawendi, the Lester Wolfe Professor in Chemistry,
quantum dot displays. aking a transition like that from lighting to displays tests the nerves of folks involved, from top to bottom,
Pooling all resources into displays, the company eventually caught the eye of Sony, and last year became the first to market with a quantum dot display.
Today, QD Vision remains one of only two quantum dot display companies that have seen their products go to market.
Now, with a sharp rise in commercial use, quantum dot technologies are positioned to penetrate the display industry
Coe-Sullivan says. Along with Color IQ-powered LCD TVS, Amazon released a quantum dot Kindle last year,
and Asus has a quantum dot notebook. nd there nothing in between that quantum dots can address,
and computer screens may seem worlds apart but they're not. When associate professor Qi Hua Fan of the electrical engineering and computer science department set out to make a less expensive supercapacitor for storing renewable energy he developed a new plasma technology that will streamline the production of display screens.
For his work on thin film and plasma technologies Fan was named researcher of the year for the Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering.
His research focuses on nanostructured materials used for photovoltaics energy storage and displays. Last spring Fan received a proof-of-concept grant from the Department of energy through the North Central Regional Sun Grant Center to determine
Applied Nanofilms and Wintek a company that makes flat panel displays for notebooks and touch screens in Ann arbor Michigan provided matching funds.
Through this project Fan developed a faster way of treating the biochar particles using a new technology called plasma activation.
The technique that treats biochar electrodes for supercapacitors can also be used in making displays explained Fan who was a research scientist at Wintek more than 10 years ago.
Since last fall Fan has been collaborating with Wintek on ways of producing more efficient better performing materials such as silicon and carbon thin films for the company's displays.
The high-energy plasma can deposit highly transparent and conductive thin films create high quality semiconductors and pattern micro-or nanoscale devices thus making the display images brighter and clearer.
Additionally nanocomposite materials are used already in fenders and panels in the automotive and textile industry.
eliminating adhesion issues that plagued the transfer of platinum catalysts to common electrodes like transparent conducting oxide.
Blood rushes to the site of the injury and within minutes the flow stops as a plug forms at the site.
The tissue beneath and around the plug works to knit itself back together and eventually the plug disappears.
and enable the transition between a free-flowing fluid at the site and a viscous substance that brings healing factors to the injury.
of which are platelets the blood component that accumulates at the site of the wound to form the initial plug.
and congregate binding to the site of the injury and to each other. As they do so the platelets release chemicals that call other platelets to the site eventually plugging the wound.
But what happens when the injury is too severe or the patient is on anticoagulation medication
With surfaces functionalized with the same biochemical motifs found in their human counterparts these PLNS also can summon other platelets to the site
and bind to them increasing the chances of forming that essential Plug in addition and very importantly these platelets are engineered to dissolve into the blood after their usefulness has run out.
which are only one atom thick onto arbitrary substrates paving the way for flexible computing or photonic devices.
This new transfer technique gets us one step closer to using Mos2 to create flexible computers Cao adds.
#Engineers efficiently'mix'light at the nanoscale The race to make computer components smaller and faster
but the fundamentals of computation, mixing two inputs into a single output, currently require too much space and power when done with light.
Current computer systems represent bits of informationhe 1's and 0's of binary codeith electricity Circuit elements,
"Mixing two input signals to get a new output is the basis of computation, "Agarwal said."
given the gamut of colors on TV or computer screen that are produced solely by combinations of red, green and blue pixels.
The yellows, oranges and purples those displays make, however, are a trick of perception, not of physics.
Red and blue light are experienced simply simultaneously, rather than combined into a single purple wavelength. So-called"nonlinear"materials are capable of this kind of mixing,
That doesn't work for a computer chip.""To reduce the volume of the material and the power of the light needed to do useful signal mixing,
the nanowire core.""By engineering the structure so that light is contained mostly within the cadmium sulfide rather than at the interface between it and the silver shell,
Information in a photonic computer system could be encoded in a wave's frequency, or the number of oscillations it makes in a second.
Being able to manipulate that quality in one wave with another allows for the fundamentals of computer logic."
While STM can provide vast quantities of data about the electronic structural and magnetic properties of materials at atomic resolution its Achilles heel is its inability to characterize elemental species
The APS CNM and EMC at Argonne are Office of Science user facilities. The team also developed a filter circuit that separates the chemical and magnetic data from the x-ray-induced currents
and topographical data from conventional tunneling effects into two channels allowing them to be recorded separately without mutual interference.
Using the markedly enhanced resolution and sensitivity made possible with these advances in synchrotron x-ray tunneling microscopy (SX-STM) the Argonne/Ohio University experiment team analyzed nickel clusters deposited on a copper surface.
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