Synopsis: Domenii: Ict:

"There was one site where there was literally raw sewage being dumped into the stream, which had very high levels of bacteria."

Dr Daniele Lantagne, an environmental engineer at Tufts University, said the data from the trials showed promise."

"There was one site where there was literally raw sewage being dumped into the stream, which had very high levels of bacteria."

Dr Daniele Lantagne, an environmental engineer at Tufts University, said the data from the trials showed promise."

#US House rejects NSA phone data trawl The US House of representatives has voted to end the National security agency's bulk collection of Americans'phone records.

The bill would empower the agency to search data held by telephone companies on a case-by-case basis. Bulk collection was revealed in 2013 by ex-security contractor Edward Snowden.

The amendments would ban the agency's mass collection of telephone data-phone numbers, time and duration of calls-as well as emails and web addresses."

Printing the drug meant it could package up to 1, 000 milligrams into individual tablets. The 3d printed pill dissolves in the same manner as other oral medicines.

Being able to 3d print a tablet offers the potential to create bespoke drugs based on the specific needs of patients,

"For the last 50 years we have manufactured tablets in factories and shipped them to hospitals

and for the first time this process means we can produce tablets much closer to the patient, "said Dr Mohamed Albed Alhnan, a lecturer in pharmaceutics at the University of Central Lancashire.

It would mean that medical institutions could adjust the dose for individual patients with just a simple tweak to the software before printing.

printers are adapted to produce pharmaceutical compounds rather than polymers which are used more usually. Such methods are already proving very useful in healthcare with doctors using the system to create customised implants for patients with injuries or other conditions.

mimics a single-storey flat and contains a network of Wi-fi cameras and sensors. Scientists believe it is the first time helper robots have been developed in a"real-life"environment.

Wi-fi cameras and sensors have also been installed on furniture, doors, medicine bottles, fridges, plugs and kettles inside the flat, dubbed the Personalised Assisted living facility.

The sensors will gather data to create a picture of a person's individual habits and needs.

just as important as the high tech sensors, computers, and voice synthesisers. Older people, have been recruited to help the lab scientists assess their work.

#Ashley Madison passwords cracked More than 11 million passwords stolen from the Ashley Madison infidelity dating website have been decoded,

When stolen data from the site was dumped first, the encrypted passwords were said to be almost uncrackable because of the way they were scrambled.

But programming changes by the site's developers meant more than a third of the passwords were protected poorly.

The Ashley Madison website was breached by a group of hackers called The Impact Team which stole gigabytes of data including login names and passwords of more than 30 million users.

Initial analysis of the data dump showed that the passwords were stored on a database after they had been protected using a process known as hashing that employs the bcrypt algorithm.

The way this scrambles passwords makes it hard to carry out so-called"brute force"attacks that try lots of different word

and letter combinations because hashing with bcrypt takes a lot of computer power. As a result a brute force attack on the passwords would take years.

However, an amateur password cracking group called Cynosure Prime looking through code also stolen from Ashley Madison realised that at some point the site changed the way passwords were stored.

In a blogpost, the group said it had found two insecure functions in the site code that meant it was"able to gain enormous speed boosts in cracking the bcrypt hashed passwords".

and changes the site made to passwords when they were entered by users. By focussing on these vulnerable steps the group has managed already to decipher 11.2 million passwords

and is hopeful it can crack a total of more than 15 million which were scrambled with the insecure functions.

The remaining passwords from the site are not susceptible to this attack because they were hashed by code lacking the insecure functions.

The group said it would not be releasing the passwords it had recovered to"protect end users".

It speculated to news site Ars Technica that the insecure hashing system was introduced to ensure that users could log in to the site quickly y

There's the charismatic Satya Nadella in charge at Microsoft. There's the 10-year-strong reign of Shantanu Narayen at the top of Adobe.

And more recently, Sundar Pichai took over as chief executive of Google-a role many said had been years coming.

Indians in California say it's the blend of temperament and competitive spirit that brings success their way."

Outside the stadium, that enthusiasm was on full display-though not without the accompaniment of a strong protest against his government.

Mr Modi's plans to get a billion more Indians on the internet, they say that's a front to mass surveillance.

"by which he meant fibre internet, connecting each and every Indian town and village. Earlier on Sunday, Mr Modi spent time with someone who could help,

taking part in a Q&a with Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg. It was decidedly more A than Q,

a staged display designed to build his reputation as a man of the people. The meeting at Facebook was mutually beneficial.

Mr Zuckerberg, keen as ever to expand Facebook's user base and global influence, talked up the prospect of connecting a billion more Indians to the internet.

In one of the most pointed exchanges in the entire session, Mr Modi said he hoped Mr Zuckerberg's motivations weren't purely about Facebook's bank balance.

For Mr Modi, this entire Silicon valley visit is a chance to put a little pressure on the tech giants.

He wants India to graduate from being home to the low-end of the tech trade-call centres

The technology involves harvesting radio frequency energy from existing wireless and broadcast networks, from 4g to digital television.

Lord Drayson first showed how much radio frequency energy was in the room, and then used his Freevolt system to power a loudspeaker.

which are preparing for the next phase of the internet, where billions of small cheap sensors are online providing data about their operations.

But Dean Bubley, a mobile technology analyst and founder of Disruptive Analysis, is cautious about the prospects for Freevolt.

"He says there are also questions to answer about the possible impact on the mobile networks, which own the spectrum that Freevolt would be harvesting,

"Through a combination of high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (CRYO EM) and a unique methodology for image analysis, a team of researchers with Berkeley Lab and the University of California (UC) Berkeley has produced an atomic view of microtubules

With CRYO EM and their image analysis methodology, they achieved a resolution of 3. 5 Angstroms, a record for microtubules.

The researchers studied RNA from healthy 70 year old subjects and analyzed follow-up health data over two decades.

Church is Core Faculty member at Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical school and Professor of Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard and MIT,

and Weiss is Professor of Biological engineering and also Professor of Electrical engineering and Computer science at MIT.

Ph d.,Wyss Institute Core Faculty member and the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering & Science and Professor of Biological engineering at MIT, is also a co-investigator

"We decided to systematically test why it was that truncating guides too much caused Cas9 to no longer cut the intended genomic site,

We envision future uses for the technology that can help decipher the tangled web of interactions underlying for example cancer drug resistance and stem cell differentiation,

Kleiner and their colleagues zeroed in on the sites in chromosomes where DNA repair happens. Specifically

This process, called phosphorylation, occurs at sites of broken DNA as a way to mediate interactions between key proteins.

This interaction helps bring 53bp1 to the site of DNA damage, where it mediates the repair of double-stranded breaks in DNA by encouraging the repair machinery to glue the two ends back together."

Here, they showed that SAP-1 ablation in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease resulted in a marked increase in the incidence and severity of bowel inflammation

so that the signal of the nanoswitch may be read using a mobile phone. This will make our approach really available to anyone!

#An Important Step in Artificial intelligence In what marks a significant step forward for artificial intelligence, researchers at UC Santa barbara have demonstrated the functionality of a simple artificial neural circuit.

but important step,"said Dmitri Strukov, a professor of electrical and computer engineering. With time and further progress, the circuitry may eventually be expanded

what computers would require far more time and energy to perform. What are these functions? Well, you're performing some of them right now.

"Classical computers will always find an ineluctable limit to efficient brain-like computation in their very architecture,

"This memristor-based technology relies on a completely different way inspired by biological brain to carry on computation."

however, many more memristors would be required to build more complex neural networks to do the same kinds of things we can do with barely any effort and energy,

The energy-efficient compact circuitry the researchers are striving to create would also go a long way toward creating the kind of high-performance computers

and memory storage devices users will continue to seek long after the proliferation of digital transistors predicted by Moore's Law becomes too unwieldy for conventional electronics."

and giving a serious boost to future computers,"said Prezioso. In the meantime, the researchers will continue to improve the performance of the memristors,

The very next step would be to integrate a memristor neural network with conventional semiconductor technology,

said Purvesh Khatri, Ph d.,assistant professor of biomedical informatics research. Sepsis or sterile inflammation? In practice, distinguishing sepsis from sterile inflammation is a toss-up.

and after sifting through a huge amount of data we found them, said lead author Timothy Sweeney, M d.,Ph d,

While the advanced prosthetic arm allows users to perform six different grips, such as picking up small objects,

it does not provide users with the sense of touch and orientation of a natural hand. DARPA is already funding the uke Arm,

While the advanced prosthetic arm allows users to perform six different grips such as picking up small objects, it does not provide users with the sense of touch and orientation of a natural hand.

Moran, whose expertise is in motor neurophysiology and brain-computer interfaces, and his team have developed an electrode designed to stimulate sensory nerve cells in the ulnar and median nerves in the arms.

The ulnar nerve, one of three main nerves in the forearm, is the largest nerve in the body unprotected by muscle

users will have more control over the prosthesis. Moran team includes Harold Burton, Ph d.,professor of neurobiology and Wilson (Zach) Ray, M d.,assistant professor of neurological surgery, both at the School of medicine;

Once implanted, Moran and the team will train the nonhuman primates to play a joystick-controlled videogame, in

which the team will give them cues as to where to move the joystick by stimulating specific sectors in the ulnar and median nerves

M d.,Ph d.,a postdoctoral fellow, Crispino generated a mouse model that lacks DYRK1A in blood cells.

Cancer drugs or other therapeutics can then be added to better monitor how cells respond in a patient.

AIM Biotech will begin deploying the commercial devices to 47 research groups in 13 countries for user feedback.

AIM Biotech may offer to more accurately screen cancer drugs for pharmaceutical companies. In fact, he said, AIM Biotech recently discovered that its devices revealed discrepancies in some clinically tested therapeutics.

MIT researchers used Kamm's microfluidics technology to screen several drugs that aim to prevent tumors from breaking up

since to phase II trials at multiple test sites. Results have not yet been released. The published findings come from AD patients who participated in safety trials from March 2001 to October 2012 at UC San diego Medical center.

The computations were performed on resources provided by SNIC through Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science (UPPMAX) X

and then attacks a previously unknown binding site on STAT3, disrupting its disease-promoting effects.

and modifies an inhibitor-binding site on the protein coiled coil literally protein coils coiled around each other

to the modified site. his is the confluence of two ideas wee been working on around

from a medicinal perspective, is that this compound also works in a mouse model, he said. ll the other compounds worked in cells,

#New Protein Manufacturing Process Unveiled Researchers from Northwestern University and Yale university have developed a user friendly technology to help scientists understand how proteins work

The human proteome (the entire set of expressed proteins) is estimated to be phosphorylated at more than 100,000 unique sites,

The reagents are fluorescent detection analytes that competitively bind to a key cofactor binding site of enzymes that catalyze methylation of histones, DNA, and RNA.

Cayman is poised to expand on the technology with a patent pending second-generation SAM mimic-based probe designed to competitively bind to SAM-binding sites of a different set of methyltransferases.

This probe will enable the screening of chemical libraries against a broader panel of target methyltransferase enzymes e

During the manufacturing process, each individual tablet would be imprinted with tiny pinpricks, reports The Guardian.

and associate chief of hematology/oncology at Boston Children Hospital. t a very different approach to treating disease. he data provide proof of principle that targeted edits to BCL11A enhancer in blood stem cells could be an attractive approach

hydrophilic (water-loving) shell and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) spherical core. he polymers are synthetized to ensure that

its protecting corona is removed and only the hydrophobic core remains. These akedhydrophobic plastic beads are stabilized not anymore

no data exist on the ability of these oxidizing agents to destroy the dangerous chemical, so their value is said questionable,

said Polina Golland, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, who led the project. he phrase I heard is that urgeons see with their hands,

Golland and her colleagues will describe their new system at the International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention in October.

Danielle Pace, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science, is first author on the paper

and spearheaded the development of the software that analyzes the MRI scans. Medhi Moghari, a physicist at Boston Children Hospital, developed new procedures that increase the precision of MRI scans tenfold

MRI data consist of a series of cross sections of a three-dimensional object. Like a black-and-white photograph, each cross section has regions of dark and light,

Determining the boundaries between distinct objects in an image is one of the central problems in computer vision

But general-purpose image-segmentation algorithms aren reliable enough to produce the very precise models that surgical planning requires.

Human factors Typically, the way to make an image-segmentation algorithm more precise is to augment it with a generic model of the object to be segmented.

That anatomical consistency could give a segmentation algorithm a way to weed out improbable conclusions about object boundaries.

and allow algorithms to take over from there. Their strongest results came when they asked the expert to segment only a small patch ne-ninth of the total area of each cross section.

and letting the algorithm infer the rest yielded 90 percent agreement with expert segmentation of the entire collection of 200 cross sections.

Prognosis Currently, the algorithm examines patches of unsegmented cross sections and looks for similar features in the nearest segmented cross sections.

This and other variations on the algorithm are the subject of ongoing research. The clinical study in the fall will involve MRIS from 10 patients who have received already treatment at Boston Children Hospital.

Each of seven surgeons will be given data on all 10 patients some probably, more than once. That data will include the raw MRI scans and, on a randomized basis,

either a physical model or a computerized 3-D model, based, again at random, on either human segmentations or algorithmic segmentations.

Using that data, the surgeons will draw up surgical plans, which will be compared with documentation of the interventions that were performed on each of the patients.

For example, researchers had previously been puzzled as to how org cells could maintain their generative vitality so far away from the nurturing VZ. n the mouse,

But the new data reveals that orgs bring a support group with them: The cells express genes for surface markers and molecular signals that enhance their own ability to proliferate,

In contrast to mouse vrgs, which produce 10 to 100 daughter cells during brain development,

which are thought to affect cell types not found in the mouse models that are used often to study such diseases.

But independent monitors recommended the results on the low-risk group be released, because it was clear that adding chemo would not improve their fate.

including new cancers at other sites or in the opposite breast.""These patients who had low risk scores by Oncotype did extraordinarily well at five years,

not only attack the main tumor site, but are more likely to find and attach themselves to tumor cells circulating in the bloodstream essentially attacking new tumors before they start,

and creates nanoscale spheres that consist of platelet membranes with Dox-gel cores. The surface of the spheres are coated then with the anticancer drug TRAIL,

which the platelet membrane could help us target relevant sites in the body. i

#An Accessible Approach to Making a Mini-brain If you need a working miniature brain say for drug testing, to test neural tissue transplants,

She compared them to retail 3-D printers which have proliferated in recent years, bringing that once-rare technology to more of a mass market. e could allow all kinds of labs to do this research.

and have formed complex 3-D neural networks within two to three weeks, the paper shows. 25-cent mini-brains There are fixed costs, of course,

In the paper, lead investigator Mcnally summarizes her research in fruit flies and mouse models. Her team,

#Mini DNA Sequencer Data Belies its Size A miniature DNA sequencing device that plugs into a laptop

the device can be plugged into any computer using a USB port, weighs just 90 grams and measures 10 centimeters in length.

and reproducibility of the data the device produces. The laboratories carried out two sets of ten experiments,

Working to a single, shared protocol, the consortium produced 20 data sets with enough results to be able to quantify the data yield, quality,

While the data from the Minion device did contain more errors than larger, more expensive devices so-called standard short-read technologies other researchers have shown that theye of high enough quality to infer full-length genomes from scratch, for the E coli bacterium, Influenza virus,

though, that there is work still to be done, to improve the reproducible delivery of molecules into the device and the clarity of the software it uses.

and data, go on to do their own analysis share their results and stimulate discussion, explains Dr. David Buck of Oxford university.

the data generated in the study actually represents a snapshot of the Minion performance in April 2015.

built the machine to assemble complex small molecules at the click of a mouse, like a 3-D printer at the molecular level.

The automated process has the potential to greatly speed up and enable new drug development and other technologies that rely on small molecules.

whose members watched DVDS while the other group slept, performed significantly worse than the nap group

69 percent in the central nervous system (CNS) in people with advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer---Genentech plans to submit these Phase I/II data to the FDA as part of a New

e plan to submit these data to the FDA this year to support alectinib as a potential new option for people

. chief medical officer and head of Global Product Development. e plan to submit these data to the FDA this year to support alectinib as a potential new option for people

immature data. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for people who received alectinib was 8. 9 months.

the people whose tumors shrank in response to alectinib continued to respond for a median of 7. 5 months (DOR, immature data.

When combined, the three proteins formed a robust panel that can detect patients with stages I-II pancreatic cancer with over 90 per cent accuracy.

This is a biomarker panel with good specificity and sensitivity and we're hopeful that a simple,

who for nearly 40 years has conducted research on how the neural networks in the spinal cord regain control of standing,

But he and colleagues have published now data on nine people who have regained voluntary control of their legs four with epidural implants

#Real-time Data For Cancer Therapy, MIT Study Biochemical sensor implanted at initial biopsy could allow doctors to better monitor

however, is good reconnaissance a reliable way to obtain real-time data about how well a particular therapy is working for any given patient.

The sensor then wirelessly sends data about telltale biomarkers to an external eaderdevice, allowing doctors to better monitor a patient progress

on-demand data concerning two biomarkers linked to a tumor response to treatment: ph and dissolved oxygen.

The variation in this return signal over time is interpreted by a computer to which the reader is wired,

you could use these to measure dissolved oxygen or ph from a lot of different sites all over a pond or a lake,

leading viruses to binding sites that allow infections to spread at the molecular level. They serve as a key of sorts that gives viruses entry into the host to begin spreading.

analyzed data from the Virginia Adult Twin Studies of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders, a large twin data set of approximately 7, 500 participants collected by Dr. Kenneth S

The particles work by releasing carbon dioxide gas, like antacid tablets to propel them toward the source of bleeding.

#Computer system Being developed to Predict Change In The Alzheimer's Brain, MIT Study MIT researchers are developing a computer system that uses genetic, demographic,

and clinical data to help predict the effects of disease on brain anatomy. In experiments, they trained a machine-learning system on MRI data from patients with neurodegenerative diseases

and found that supplementing that training with other patient information improved the system predictions. In the cases of patients with drastic changes in brain anatomy, the additional data cut the predictionserror rate in half,

from 20 percent to 10 percent. his is the first paper that wee ever written on this,

says Polina Golland, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT and the senior author on the new paper. ur goal is not to prove that our model is the best model to do this kind of thing;

it to prove that the information is actually in the data. So what wee done is, we take our model,

and we turn off the genetic information and the demographic and clinical information, and we see that with combined information,

First author on the paper is Adrian Dalca, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science and a member of Golland group at MIT Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory.

The researchers are presenting the paper at the International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention this week.

Common denominator In their experiments, the researchers used data from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, a longitudinal study on neurodegenerative disease that includes MRI scans of the same subjects taken months and years apart.

or oxels, the 3-D equivalent of image pixels. The researchersfirst step is to produce a generic brain template by averaging the voxel values of hundreds of randomly selected MRI scans.

They then characterize each scan in the training set for their machine-learning algorithm as a deformation of the template.

and one in which they trained it only on data from healthy subjects. In the first experiment, they trained the system twice,

This included data on genetic markers known as single-nucleotide polymorphisms; demographic data, such as subject age, gender, marital status, and education level;

and rudimentary clinical data, such as patientsscores on various cognitive tests. The brains of healthy subjects and subjects in the early stages of neurodegenerative disease change little over time,

and indeed, in cases where the differences between a subject scans were slight, the system trained only on MRI data fared well.

In cases where the changes were marked more, however, the addition of the supplementary data made a significant difference.

Counterfactuals In the second experiment, the researchers trained the system just once, on both the MRI data and the supplementary data of healthy subjects.

But they instead used it to predict what the brains of Alzheimer patients would have looked like had they not been disfigured by disease.

there are no clinical data that could validate the system predictions. But the researchers believe that exploring this sort of counterfactual could be scientifically useful. t would illuminate how changes in individual subjects for example, with mild cognitive impairment,

and other non-image data. t not surprising that clinical and genetic data would help,

and PET scan data. eople think MRI is expensive, but it only a fraction of what PET scans cost,

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