"explained Omar M. Ramahi, professor of electrical and computer engineering. Metasurfaces are formed by etching the surface of a material with an elegant pattern of periodic shapes.
"Other key applications include"wireless power transfer--directly adaptable to power remote devices such as RFID devices and tags or even remote devices in general,"Ramahi noted.
but so far it was known not how fast graphene responds to ultrashort flashes of light.
but not most windows or smartphone surfaces.""Our goal is to reach a transparency in the 90-percent range,
and could be incorporated into a wireless platform Swager's lab recently developed that allows a regular smartphone to read output from carbon nanotube sensors such as this one.
#Travel Inside 3d Cells In full Color on Your Laptop Nanolive SA announces the release of an off-line version of STEVE. Starting from today, scientists,
Medical Doctors and students all around the world will be enabled to travel inside 3d cells in full color by simply downloading STEVE on their laptop declares Dr. Yann Cotte, CEO and cofounder of Nanolive SA.
which is developing a revolutionary microscope (and a revolutionary software) able to image and digitally stain living cells in 3d without any sample preparation and in real-time.
the company has developed unique software called STEVE. To mark and label certain parts of the measured cells in 3d,
the software allows the user to virtual brush and digitally paint the part of a cell based on their physical properties (called refractive index).
Stains panels can be modified constantly by the user, saved and reused for other cells of the same line.
As a result, the user has the possibility to measure authentic cells physiological activity, and, with the help of STEVE, she/he can discover its interior components, such as nucleus and organelles, on any screen and in a limitless amount of colors.
It takes just seconds to get up and running with the 3d Cell Explorer: the user only needs to switch on the microscope,
position the sample and initiate the analysis. The microscope instantly self-adjusts and, instantly, a full 3d image of the cell is displayed on the computer screen.
Nanolives technology was published in Nature Photonics in 2013("Marker-free phase nanoscopy), "and has the potential to enable completely new fields of research,
Website: http://nanolive. ch h
#Quick, easy and early diagnosis with rare earth ions Lack of oxygen in cells is an indicator of diseases as serious as cerebral haemorrhages, stroke and cancer.
"Bimetallic lanthanide complexes that display a ratiometric response to oxygen concentration"in the periodical Chemical sciences and"Spectrally resolved confocal microscopy using lanthanide centred near-IR emission"in Chemical Communications.
(or pixels) distributed at the top and the bottom of its eye. This enables it to detect contrasts in the environment as well as their motion.
As in insects, the speed at which a feature in the scenery moves from one pixel to another provides the angular velocity of the flow.
optic flow sensors could be used as an ultra-light backup system in the event of failure on a space mission4.
#Flexible sensors turn skin into a touch-sensitive interaction space for mobile devices (w/video) If a mobile phone rings during a meeting,
Computer scientists at Saarland University are studying the potential use of the human body as a touch sensitive surface for controlling mobile devices.
users can use their own body to control mobile devices. Because of the flexible material used, the sensors can be manufactured in a variety of shapes, sizes and personalized designs.
The research team will be presenting the Skinproject from March 16th to March 20th at the Cebit computer expo in Hanover (Stand E13, Hall 9). If a mobile phone rings during a meeting,
Computer scientists at Saarland University are studying the potential use of the human body as a touch sensitive surface for controlling mobile devices.
users can use their own body to control mobile devices. Because of the flexible material used, the sensors can be manufactured in a variety of shapes, sizes and personalized designs.
The research team will be presenting the Skinproject from March 16th to March 20th at the Cebit computer expo in Hanover (Stand E13,
A method currently being developed by a team of computer scientists from Saarbrücken in collaboration with researchers from Carnegie mellon University in the USA may provide a solution to this problem.
and executes commands and thus controls mobile devices. Depending on the type of skin sticker used, applying pressure to the sticker could, for example,
answer an incoming call or adjust the volume of a music player. he stickers allow us to enlarge the input space accessible to the user as they can be attached practically anywhere on the body,
Users can also design their iskin patches on a computer beforehand to suit their individual tastes. simple graphics program is need all you,
Users can therefore decide where they want to position the sensor patch and how long they want to wear it.
For example, a keyboard sticker could be used to type and send messages. Currently the sensor stickers are connected via cable to a computer system.
According to Steimle, inbuilt microchips may in future allow the skin-worn sensor patches to communicate wirelessly with other mobile devices.
The publication about Skinwon the est Paper Awardat the SIGCHI conference, which ranks among the most important conferences within the research area of human computer interaction.
The researchers will present their project at the SIGCHI conference in April in Seoul Korea, and beforehand at the computer expo Cebit,
which takes place from the 16th until the 20th of March in Hannover (hall 9, booth E13) 0
because it can draw on a large database of standardised parts, which can be produced in bulk and stored for use as required,
Images showing the development of a human tumour implanted into a mouse, produced using the new device,
#An important step in artificial intelligence with metal-oxide memristors In what marks a significant step forward for artificial intelligence,
but important step, said Dmitri Strukov, a professor of electrical and computer engineering. With time and further progress, the circuitry may eventually be expanded
what computers would require far more time and energy to perform. What are these functions? Well, youe performing some of them right now.
the resulting device would have to be loaded enormous with multitudes of transistors that would require far more energy. lassical computers will always find an ineluctable limit to efficient brain-like computation in their very architecture,
said lead researcher Prezioso. his memristor-based technology relies on a completely different way inspired by biological brain to carry on computation.
however, many more memristors would be required to build more complex neural networks to do the same kinds of things we can do with barely any effort and energy,
The energy-efficient compact circuitry the researchers are striving to create would also go a long way toward creating the kind of high-performance computers
and memory storage devices users will continue to seek long after the proliferation of digital transistors predicted by Moore Law becomes too unwieldy for conventional electronics. he exciting thing is that,
and giving a serious boost to future computers, said Prezioso. In the meantime, the researchers will continue to improve the performance of the memristors,
The very next step would be to integrate a memristor neural network with conventional semiconductor technology,
Fabrication and measurement of the device was performed at NISTS Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST), a national user facility available to researchers from industry, academia and government t
#Controlling swarms of robots with light and a single finger (w/video)( Nanowerk News) Using a smart tablet and a red beam of light,
A person taps the tablet to control where the beam of light appears on a floor. The swarm robots then roll toward the illumination,
When the person swipes the tablet to drag the light across the floor the robots follow.
If the operator puts two fingers in different locations on the tablet, the machines will split into teams
Using a smart tablet and a red beam of light, Georgia Institute of technology researchers have created a system that allows people to control a fleet of robots with the swipe of a finger.
A person taps the tablet to control where the beam of light appears on a floor. The swarm robots then roll toward the illumination,
When the person swipes the tablet to drag the light across the floor the robots follow.
If the operator puts two fingers in different locations on the tablet, the machines will split into teams
The new Georgia Tech algorithm that fuels this system demonstrates the potential of easily controlling large teams of robots,
or a million robots by individually programming each one where to go, "said Magnus Egerstedt, Schlumberger Professor in Georgia Tech's School of Electrical and Computer engineering."
"Instead, the operator controls an area that needs to be explored. Then the robots work together to determine the best ways to accomplish the job."
The Georgia Tech model is different from many other robotic coverage algorithms because it's not static.
The tablet-based control system has one final benefit: it was designed with everyone in mind. Anyone can control the robots,
Working at the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) and the Advanced Photon Source (APS), two DOE Office of Science User Facilities located at Argonne,
Subramanian Sankaranarayanan and Sanket Deshmukh at CNM used the high-performance computing resources at DOES National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center and the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF), both
DOE Office of Science User Facilities, to analyze the surface of the nanoparticles. They discovered that the amount of surface covered by the organic molecules
which is the basis for controlling electrons in computers, phones, medical equipment and other electronics. Yoke Khin Yap, a professor of physics at Michigan Technological University, has worked with a research team that created these digital switches by combining graphene and boron nitride nanotubes.
In turn, this speed could eventually quicken the pace of electronics and computing. Solving the Semiconductor Dilemma To get to faster and smaller computers one day,
Yap says this study is a continuation of past research into making transistors without semiconductors.
#Compact optical data transmission Compact optical transmission possibilities are of great interest in faster and more energy-efficient data exchange between electronic chips.
which converts digital electrical signals into optical signals at a rate of up to 108 gigabit per second,
Optical technologies offer an enormous potential especially in transmitting data between computer chips, explains Manfred Kohl of the KIT.
which is modulated in line with the digital data. The electro-optical polymer changes its index of refraction as a function of the voltage.
the digital information was encoded. In the experiment, the MZM works reliably over the entire spectral range of the broadband optical fiber networks of 1500 1600 nanometers at an electric bandwidth of 70 gigahertz with data flows of up to 108 gigabit per second.
The large depth of modulation is a consequence of the high manufacturing accuracy in silicon technology.
At the present time, some 10 percent of the electricity in Germany is consumed by information and communication technologies, such as computers and smart phones of users,
but also by the servers in large computer centers. As data traffic grows exponentially, new approaches are necessary to increase throughput and, at the same time, curb power consumption.
Plasmonic components could make a decisive contribution to this end. The NAVOLCHI EU project serves to use the interaction of light
and electrons in metal surfaces to develop novel components for optical data transmission between chips. The project is funded under the 7th Research Framework Programme of the European union
-and ground-based observatories (see the Gamma ray Burst Online Index at http://www. astro. caltech. edu/grbox/grbox. php).
Professor Hagemeyer said. nce located at the site of the blood clot, thrombin (a molecule at the centre of the clotting process) breaks open the outer layer of the nanocapsule,
forming a water-soluble nanoparticle with the drug hidden in its core. These nanoparticles are highly soluble in blood
"Through a combination of high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (CRYO EM) and a unique methodology for image analysis, a team of researchers with Berkeley Lab and the University of California (UC) Berkeley has produced an atomic view of microtubules
With CRYO EM and their image analysis methodology, they achieved a resolution of 3. 5 Angstroms, a record for microtubules.
But programming such intrinsic dexterity in a robotic hand is extremely tricky, significantly raising a robot cost.
#Using lasers to tailor the properties of graphene Carbon nanomaterials display extraordinary physical properties, outstanding among any other substance available,
and the traditional technology used for silicon-based processors (solid state) is not suitable for graphene processing (molecular material).
color lightave moved from the research lab into commercial products like high-end TVS, e readers, laptops,
and photonic crystal technology, could lead to brighter and more efficient mobile phone, tablet, and computer displays, as well as enhanced LED lighting.
They then used electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing technology to precisely print the QD-embedded polymers onto photonic crystal structures.
and more efficient displays. ince screens consume large amounts of energy in devices like laptops, phones,
and tablets, our approach could have a huge impact on energy consumption and battery life, she noted. f you start with polarized light,
See explained. f you put the photonic crystal-enhanced quantum dot into a device like a phone or computer,
because the display would only draw half as much power as conventional displays. To demonstrate the technology,
These catalysts work by binding to carbon dioxide molecules, orienting them in a way that is ideal for chemical reactions.
The structure of the copper tetramer is such that most of its binding sites are open
A number of its binding sites are occupied merely in holding the compound together, which limits how many atoms can catch
"To compensate for a catalyst with fewer binding sites, the current method of reduction creates high-pressure conditions to facilitate stronger bonds with carbon dioxide molecules.
"We're interested in finding new catalytic reactions that will be more efficient than the current catalysts,
Meanwhile, the researchers are interested in searching for other catalysts that might even outperform their copper tetramer.
These catalysts can be varied in size, composition and support material, which results in a list of more than 2, 000 potential combinations, Vajda said.
and then test the catalysts that seem most promising.""We haven't yet found a catalyst better than the copper tetramer,
"For this research, the team used the Center for Nanoscale Materials as well as beamline 12-ID-C of the Advanced Photon Source, both DOE Office of Science User Facilities.
and evaluated the penetration capability by using mouse brains in vitro/in vivo. In addition, as an actual needle application, we demonstrated fluorescenctce particle depth injection into the brain in vivo,
or the development of silicon computing chips that process data communicated by photons of light instead of electricity.
The scientists experimented with silicon structures used in computer chips that power computers, tablets and mobile phones,
#Scientists make tantalum oxide practical for high-density devices Scientists at Rice university have created a solid-state memory technology that allows for high-density storage with a minimum incidence of computer errors.
The discovery by the Rice lab of chemist James Tour could allow for crossbar array memories that store up to 162 gigabits
Eight bits equal one byte; a 162-gigabit unit would store about 20 gigabytes of information.
A schematic shows the layered structure of tantalum oxide, multilayer graphene and platinum used for a new type of memory developed at Rice university.
The memory device overcomes crosstalk problems that cause read errors in other devices. Image: Tour Group/Rice university) Details appear online in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters("Three-dimensional Networked Nanoporous Ta2o5x Memory System for Ultrahigh Density Storage".
"But this is a new way to make ultradense, nonvolatile computer memory, "Tour said. Nonvolatile memories hold their data even
when the power is off, unlike volatile random-access computer memories that lose their contents
when the machine is shut down. Modern memory chips have many requirements: They have to read and write data at high speed
and hold as much as possible. They must also be durable and show good retention of that data
while using minimal power. Tour said Rice's new design, which requires 100 times less energy than present devices,
has the potential to hit all the marks.""This tantalum memory is based on two-terminal systems,
This will be a real competitor for the growing memory demands in high-definition video storage and server arrays."
San diego defines the core set of genes and functions that a bacterial cell needs to sustain life.
2015("Systems biology definition of the core proteome of metabolism and expression is consistent with high-throughput data".
"This core set of genes is"the smallest common denominator that microbes need to have to become functional,
which can end up toying with the cell's core genes and functions, resulting in a"sick"cell.
Rather than risk compromising the cell's core genes and functions, a new engineering approach could involve building the cell starting with the core set
and adding on the extra desired functions, like chemical production. The PNAS paper presents the minimum core components that are absolutely necessary to include in the blueprints of an engineered cell."
"By defining the vital set of genes and functions that need to always be present in a cell to sustain life,
Defining the core set of genes and functions for cellular life In this study the researchers defined the core set of genes
and functions as the"paleome,"referring to the ancestral genes and proteins that are at the heart of sustaining life for microbial cells."
"Our paleome definition is representative of core function not only in the well-studied strain of E coli,
In this case, we have used large amounts of experimental data and integrated them in the form of a computational model to arrive at our systems biology definition of the paleome
rather than just relying on traditional chemical screens, says Hubbard, an assistant professor of pharmacology in the University of Albertas Faculty of medicine & Dentistry.
Much like how a computer programmer edits computer code, scientists could one day replace a persons broken
Ultimately, Ramos and his colleagues envision deploying HERMES to a disaster site, where the robot would explore the area, guided by a human operator from a remote location.
With computer software, the researchers translated the robots center of pressure to the platforms motors,
But perhaps more important than just a way to control a robot in the absence of knowing how to do it autonomously is being able to observe and collect data from the robot.
Given hours of data recording the details of human strategies for balance and pose adjustment,
This can be used to apply drugs directly to sites on the skin, such as applying anticancer medications to melanomas
and Modulation of the Cellular Architecture of a User-Chosen Cell of Interest Using Cell-Derived,
In addition, it could allow for direct recapitulation of the tension state of a user-chosen cell in a large population of patterned cells.
The ability to fine-tune cytoskeletal architecture, adhesion site dynamics and the distribution of intracellular forces through simple on the fly-fly pattern modifications provides an unprecedented level of control over cytoskeletal mechanics,
In contrast, with the new technique, a cell of interest can be chosen based on simple image analysis of protein expression
"Metchev's team conducted a study with data from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE TO search for any thermal glow that such dust
"And more data from the European space agency's Herschel Space observatory reveal that 51 Eridani is surrounded also by a more distant and colder cometary belt, much like the Kuiper belt of comets beyond Neptune in the Solar system."
and optimization of electronic and optoelectronic devices like solar panels and telecommunication lasers. black phosphorus To truly understand the significance of the team's findings,
#New optical chip lights up the race for quantum computer The microprocessor inside a computer is a single multipurpose chip that has revolutionised people's life,
allowing them to use one machine to surf the web, check emails and keep track of finances.
Now, researchers from the University of Bristol in the UK and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) in Japan, have pulled off the same feat for light in the quantum world by developing an optical chip that can process photons in an infinite number
of ways. It's a major step forward in creating a quantum computer to solve problems such as designing new drugs
superfast database searches, and performing otherwise intractable mathematics that aren't possible for super computers.
The fully reprogrammable chip brings together a multitude of existing quantum experiments and can realise a plethora of future protocols that have not even been conceived yet, marking a new era of research for quantum scientists and engineers at the cutting edge of quantum technologies.
much like they operate any other piece of software on a computer. They no longer need to convince a physicist to devote many months of their life to painstakingly build
because the world's leading quantum photonics group teamed up with Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT), the world's leading telecommunications company.
and engineering expertise in the telecommunications industry. It's a model that we need to encourage
"The University of Bristol's pioneering'Quantum in the Cloud'is the first and only service to make a quantum processor publicly accessible
With magnetic memory elements approaching nano dimensions, this technique promises new approaches in magnetic recording and computing g
as well as superstrong composites--like the ones used in phone cases and body armor. Each new combination of atom-thick layers presents new properties
#A new material for transparent electronics he performance of solar cells, flat panel displays, and other electronics are limited by today's materials.
The development of high-performance transparent conducting oxides (TCOS) is critical to many technologies ranging from flat panel displays to solar cells.
and their small footprint offers large storage capacity all these attributes make them well suited to new data storage applications or high-resolution displays.
and retrieve data, "explains Madhavi Krishnan. The targeted manipulation of individual nanoparticles opens up new options for their application,
including in future data storage media or in displays with resolutions that have thus far been hard to attain."
"This makes possible displays along the lines of the Kindle reader with a pixel size that is thousand times smaller and a much faster response time,
"the scientist explains s
#New research could help build computers from DNA Scientists have found a way to'switch'the structure of DNA using copper salts
and EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)- an agent commonly found in shampoo and other household products. It was known previously that the structure of a piece of DNA could be changed using acid,
and in DNA-based computing-where computers are built from DNA rather than silicon. It could also be used for detecting the presence of copper cations,
"A potential application of this finding could be to create logic gates for DNA based computing.
Logic gates are an elementary building block of digital circuits-used in computers and other electronic equipment. They are made traditionally using diodes or transistors
"This research expands how DNA could be used as a switching mechanism for a logic gate in DNA-based computing or in nano-technology
#New technique lowers cost of energy-efficient embedded computer systems (Nanowerk News) Electrical and computer engineers at North carolina State university have developed a new technique for creating less-expensive,
low-power embedded systems-the computing devices found in everything from thermostats to automobiles.""Using our techniques,
we've been able to create prototype systems with power converters that have a combination of energy efficiency
co-author of a paper on the work and an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering at NC State.
An embedded system with common peripherals. To understand the new technique, you have to know a little about embedded systems.
For one thing, they require a power source. And to maximize energy efficiency the system should be designed to operate using the best voltage possible.
One part consists of"power stage"hardware that controls the storage and flow of power.
"which allows the converter to respond to changes in the embedded system's demand for power
The controller can be designed a specifically circuit or a separate processor which runs special control software.
Having a dynamic responsive power converter is also important because it allows the embedded system to be more energy efficient;
the system can go to sleep, then operate quickly, then shut back down -and the power converter can adjust the flow of power accordingly."
and incorporated the power converter software into the embedded system processor. These methods guarantee that the other software on the embedded system's processor will not disturb the power converter's correct operation,
"Dean explains.""This eliminates the need for a separate processor or controller circuit on the power converter itself,
which in turn makes the overall system less expensive.""It also makes the embedded system smaller, lighter and more flexible."
"Because the embedded system software and power converter software are using a shared processor on a single chip,
it gives developers more coordinated control over both the system's functions and related demands those functions may make on the power converter,
"The paper,"Using Real-time System Design Methods to Integrate SMPS Control Software with Application Software"(pdf),
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