Guan notes that the site-specific analytical capabilities of this technique should give researchers finer control over selective surface vaporization of alloying elements for enhanced, high-tech applications."
The system uses the distance data to make a 3d image of about 1 million pixels in less than 8. 5 minutes at the current scanning rate.
and analyzed by digital signal processing to generate time delay data which is used to calculate the distance.
Finally the system uses real-time fast processing digital electronics to produce fully calibrated 3d megapixel images.
that displays a functionally critical region of the virus that is universally conserved in all known species of Ebola.
Importantly, the researchers were able to demonstrate this peptide target is suitable for use in high-throughput drug screens.
These kinds of screens allow rapid identification of potential new drugs from billions of possible candidates.
and colleagues have shown that a lentivirus encoding let-7 injected into mouse neurons promotes the autophagic turnover of toxic misfolded proteins associated with neurodegenerative disease. e also demonstrate that treatment with anti-let-7 can block autophagy
The likely involvement of this bacterial protein in disordered eating behaviour in humans was established by analysing data from 60 patients.
These data thus confirm the involvement of the bacterial protein in the regulation of appetite and open up new perspectives for the diagnosis and specific treatment of eating disorders.
Together with telecommunications businessman Kaj Juul-Pedersen, he established the company Dencrypt, which sells dynamic encryption to businesses
so they can safely exchange confidential information over the telephone.""Today, all telephone conversations are encrypted --i e. converted into gibberish
--but they are encrypted not all the way from phone to phone, and if a third party has access to one of the telephone masts through which the call passes,
they can listen in, "explains Lars Ramkilde Knudsen.""And even if the conversation is encrypted--in principle--it is still possible to decrypt it provided you have sufficient computer power,
"he says. This is in no small part due to the fact that the vast majority of telecommunications operators use the same encryption algorithm--the so-called AES,
the outcome of a competition launched by the US government in 1997.""This is where my invention comes in,
It expands the AES algorithm with several layers which are never the same. Dynamic encryption"When my phone calls you up, it selects a system on
Technically speaking, it adds more components to the known algorithm. The next time I call you,
The clever thing about it is that your phone can decrypt the information without knowing which system you have chosen.
and encryption method--and both are thrown away by the phone after each call and replaced by a new combination--the conversation is extremely difficult to decrypt
budgets and secret plans using phone tapping, for example. In the USA alone, the phenomenon costs businesses around USD 100 billion every year according to a 2014 report on the subject by security firm Mcafee.
Dencrypt currently has six employees in addition to co-owner and founder Lars Ramkilde Knudsen who still works for DTU Compute.
Researchers noted that stricter guidelines for exit site management wound care and antibiotic therapy could reduce that risk in future studies.
which facilitates the reconstruction of the brain's anatomic data as a 3d model on the computer.
because a high density of transistors has many direct and indirect benefits for computation and signal processing.
and materials science professor Noah Malmstadt and biomedical engineering graduate student Bryant Thompson designed computer models for eight modular fluidic and instrumentation components (MFICS pronounced em-fix) that would each perform a simple operation.
The team attributes much of the success in the fabrication stage to recent advancements in high-resolution 3-D printing.
The team envisions an open community where designs can be shared via an open-source database. They have plans to develop more components
and fog while retaining their transparency to radio frequencies (RF). The technology was introduced this month in the American Chemical Society journal Applied materials and Interfaces.
when exposed to high-powered radio signals.""At extremely high RF, the thicker portions were absorbing the signal,
but also be transparent to radio frequencies. It's really frustrating these days to find yourself in a building where your cellphone doesn't work.
This could help alleviate that problem.""Tour noted future generations of long-range Wi-fi may also benefit."
"It's going to be important, as Wi-fi becomes more ubiquitous, especially in cities. Signals can't get through anything that's metallic in nature,
but these layers are so thin they won't have any trouble penetrating.""He said nanoribbon films also open a path toward embedding electronic circuits in glass that are both optically and RF transparent.
and Vladimir Volman, an engineer at Lockheed martin. Tour is the T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of materials science and nanoengineering and of computer science.
and divide and could reveal binding sites for future cancer drugs. A team from The Institute of Cancer Research London and the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular biology in Cambridge produced the first detailed images of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C). The APC/C
and imaging software to visualize it at a resolution of less than a billionth of a metre.
The new study could identify binding sites for potential cancer drugs. Each of the APC/C's subunits bond
#Silicon oxide for better computer memory: Use of porous silicon oxide reduces forming voltage, improves manufacturability Rice university's breakthrough silicon oxide technology for high-density next-generation computer memory is one step closer to mass production thanks to a refinement that will allow manufacturers to fabricate devices at room temperature with conventional
production methods. First discovered five years ago, Rice's silicon oxide memories are a type of two-terminal,"resistive random-access memory"(RRAM) technology.
"Tour is Rice's T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry and professor of mechanical engineering and nanoengineering and of computer science.
The basic concept behind resistive memory devices is the insertion of a dielectric material--one that won't normally conduct electricity--between two wires.
The presence or absence of these conduction pathways can be used to represent the binary 1s and 0s of digital data.
For example, manufacturers have announced plans for RRAM prototype chips that will be capable of storing about one terabyte of data on a device the size of a postage stamp--more than 50 times the data density of current flash memory technology.
and even used it for exotic new devices like transparent flexible memory chips. At the same time, the researchers also conducted countless tests to compare the performance of silicon oxide memories with competing dielectric RRAM technologies."
Beyond the use for a harder spinel in armor windows there could be other potential Dod and civilian applications in better/stronger office windows smartphones and tablets screens military/civilian vehicles
#Advantages, potential of computer-guided spinal surgery In a series of research studies Cedars-Sinai spinal surgeons show that a new method of computer-guided spine surgery is beneficial for spinal reconstruction
Computer-guided surgical navigation technology delivers on quality and safety said J. Patrick Johnson MD a neurosurgery spine specialist and director of Spine Education and the Neurosurgery Spine Fellowship program in the Department of Neurosurgery.
The images are transferred to a computer which displays them on overhead monitors that allow precise tracking of surgical instruments as surgeons insert screws for reconstruction
and perform other complex procedures on the spine. Surgeons said the technique is superior to existing methods because of its precision and speed.
because hardware was initially out of place. The Cedars-Sinai surgeons say they have cut these to nearly zero by using computer-guided methods.
The surgeons said the technology has others applications for treating spinal disorders serving as a tool to remove tumors decompress the spinal column
This approach represents a major leap forward for instrumented spine surgery said Terrence T. Kim MD an orthopedic spine surgeon in the Cedars-Sinai Spine Center and expert in the computer-guided navigation field.
and computer-aided system used during minimally invasive surgery increased the accuracy of screw placement into vertebral pedicle bones.
The final two articles offer an overview of computer-guided surgery of the spine including its use in revision
and the potential future use of robotic spine surgery with computer navigation. The special issue of the journal can be accessed at:
All have shipped their inventions to Delhi where they will be on display March 22 for scientists engineers and dignitaries.
and transferred to the fiber-optic cable system--similar in some ways to a data transmission line--can heat up the reaction chamber to over 600 degrees Fahrenheit to treat the waste material disinfect pathogens in both feces and urine and produce char.
While the current toilet has been created to serve four to six people a day a larger facility that could serve several households simultaneously is under design with the target of meeting a cost level of five cents a day per user set by the Gates Foundation.
His group sampled the waters in dozens of sites from New york to northwestern Minnesota; they found 83 sites that were infested.
The scientists checked out Lakes Michigan Superior and many interior lakes and lingered two years in Voyageurs national park on Minnesota's border with Canada to examine Bythotrephes'long-term effect on the native zooplankton.
They also compared their measurements with data from as far back as 2001 and found that some native zooplankton species had nosedived
North american zooplankton like many Daphnia and Bosmina species which are favorites on Bythotrephes'menu have similar hardware
Sensor-based irrigation systems show potential to increase greenhouse profitability Wireless sensor-based irrigation systems can offer significant benefits to greenhouse operators.
and then applied the methodology to data from gardenia production in a Georgia nursery. The most convenient method (of calculating profitability) is converting all revenues and costs to constant periodic payments;
The scientists found that controlling irrigation using data from moisture sensors led to substantial reductions in both production time and crop losses.
After weeks of programming I eventually got to the point where the robot could paint shapes and lines in a particular color.
offers the possibility that such devices may soon be as small as a typical smartphone.
and that excites the quartz tuning fork.""The tuning fork is a piezoelectric element, so when the wave causes it to vibrate,
Tittel is the J. S. Abercrombie Professor in Electrical and Computer engineering and a professor of bioengineering.
which has limited options for B-cell-based vaccine programming. Using Cellsqueeze circumvents this problem, and by being able to separately configure delivery and activation,
#New Algorithm Lets Robots Autonomously Plan for Tasks Researchers from MIT have developed a new algorithm that lets autonomous robots divvy up assembly tasks on the fly,
This week, at the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineersinternational Conference on Robotics and Automation, a group of MIT researchers were nominated for two best-paper awards for a new algorithm that can significantly reduce robot teamsplanning time.
The plan the algorithm produces may not be perfectly efficient, but in many cases, the savings in planning time will more than offset the added execution time.
Courtesy of the researchersthe researchers also tested the viability of their algorithm by using it to guide a crew of three robots in the assembly of a chair. ee really excited about the idea of using robots in more extensive ways in manufacturing,
says Daniela Rus, the Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor in MIT Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science,
whose group developed the new algorithm. or this, we need robots that can figure things out for themselves more than current robots do.
We see this algorithm as a step in that direction. us is joined on the paper by three researchers in her lab first author Mehmet Dogar
and Andrew Spielberg and Stuart Baker, both graduate students in electrical engineering and computer science. Grasping consequencesthe problem the researchers address is one in
Principled procrastinationthe algorithm begins by devising a plan that completely ignores the grasping problem. This is the equivalent of a plan in
Then the algorithm considers the transition from one stage of the operation to the next from the perspective of a single robot
If the algorithm were permitted to run to completion its last few grasp decisions might require the modification of every robot behavior at every step of the assembly process,
In some, they found that their algorithm could, in minutes, produce a workable plan that involved just a few drops,
But their algorithm could still produce a workable plan. ith an elegant heuristic approach to a complex planning problem,
Rus group has shown an important step forward in multirobot cooperation by demonstrating how three mobile arms can figure out how to assemble a chair,
We have an array of emitters that can be thought of as a dot matrix-printer printer, where you would be able to individually control each emitter to print deposits of nanofibers.
Melanie Gonick/MIT (with computer simulations from Alexei Bylinkskii) Friction and force fieldsthe team simulated friction at the nanoscale by first engineering two surfaces to be placed in contact:
#Engineers Develop a Computer That Operates on Water Researchers at Stanford university have developed a synchronous computer that operates using the unique physics of moving water droplets.
Their goal is to design a new class of computers that can precisely control and manipulate physical matter.
Computers and water typically don mix, but in Manu Prakash lab, the two are one and the same.
and his students have built a synchronous computer that operates using the unique physics of moving water droplets.
The computer is nearly a decade in the making incubated from an idea that struck Prakash
The work combines his expertise in manipulating droplet fluid dynamics with a fundamental element of computer science an operating clock. n this work,
Because of its universal nature, the droplet computer can theoretically perform any operation that a conventional electronic computer can crunch,
or to operate word processors on this, Prakash said. ur goal is to build a completely new class of computers that can precisely control
and manipulate physical matter. Imagine if when you run a set of computations that not only information is processed
but physical matter is manipulated algorithmically as well. We have made just this possible at the mesoscale. The ability to precisely control droplets using fluidic computation could have a number of applications in high-throughput biology and chemistry,
and possibly new applications in scalable digital manufacturing. The crucial clock For nearly a decade since he was in graduate school,
Computer clocks are responsible for nearly every modern convenience. Smartphones, DVRS, airplanes, the Internet without a clock, none of these could operate without frequent and serious complications.
Nearly every computer program requires several simultaneous operations each conducted in a perfect step-by-step manner. A clock makes sure that these operations start
and stop at the same times, thus ensuring that the information synchronizes. The results are dire if a clock isn present.
Prakash explained. he reason computers work so precisely is that every operation happens synchronously; it what made digital logic so powerful in the first place,
A magnetic clock Developing a clock for a fluid-based computer required some creative thinking.
allowing observation of computation as it occurs in real time. The presence or absence of a droplet represents the 1s and 0s of binary code
and the clock ensures that all the droplets move in perfect synchrony, and thus the system can run virtually forever without any errors. ollowing these rules,
feedback and cascadability hallmarks of scalable computation. A simple-state machine including 1-bit memory storage (known as lip-flop is demonstrated also using the above basic building blocks.
Prakash said the most immediate application might involve turning the computer into a high-throughput chemistry and biology laboratory.
and the droplet computer offers unprecedented control over these interactions. From the perspective of basic science, part of why the work is so exciting
is that it opens up a new way of thinking of computation in the physical world.
Although the physics of computation has been applied previously to understand the limits of computation, the physical aspects of bits of information has never been exploited as a new way to manipulate matter at the mesoscale (10 microns to 1 millimeter).
Right now, anyone can put these circuits together to form a complex droplet processor with no external control something that was a very difficult challenge previously
computation takes a special place. We are trying to bring the same kind of exponential scale up because of computation we saw in the digital world into the physical world
#Researchers Increase Energy-Burning Brown Fat cells A team of researchers has discovered a way to increase energy-burning human brown fat cells
piston-driven engine that generates electricity causing a light to flash, and a rotary engine that drives a miniature car.
With its current power output, the floating evaporation engine could supply small floating lights or sensors at the ocean floor that monitor the environment,
Wright team is now looking to find out how easy it is for users. The USAID competition was intended actually for systems built for individual farms,
and provide backup for renewable energy sources that produce intermittent output, such as wind and solar power. But Chiang says the technology is suited also well to applications where weight
The latest buzz in the information technology industry regards he Internet of thingsthe idea that vehicles, appliances, civil-engineering structures, manufacturing equipment,
and even livestock would have embedded their own sensors that report information directly to networked servers,
an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science and first author on the new paper. e need to regulate the input to extract the maximum power,
This advance has the potential to increase the data transmission rates for the fiber optic cables that serve as the backbone of the internet, cable wireless and landline networks.
The new study presents a solution to a longstanding roadblock to increasing data transmission rates in optical fiber:
which in turn extends how far signals can travel in optical fiber without needing a repeater, said Nikola Alic, a research scientist from the Qualcomm Institute, the corresponding author on the Science paper and a principal of the experimental effort.
These regenerators are effectively supercomputers and must be applied to each channel in the transmission. The electronic regeneration in modern lightwave transmission that carries between 80 to 200 channels also dictates the cost and,
The frequency comb described in this paper ensures that the signal distortions called the rosstalkthat arises between bundled streams of information traveling long distances through the optical fiber are predictable,
In this study, we present a method for leveraging the crosstalk to remove the power barrier for optical fiber
a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer engineering at UC San diego and the senior author on the Science paper. ur approach conditions the information before it is sent even,
Pitch Perfect Data transmission The UC San diego researchersapproach is akin to a concert master who tunes multiple instruments in an orchestra to the same pitch at the beginning of a concert.
In an optical fiber information is transmitted through multiple communication channels that operate at different frequencies. The electrical engineers used their frequency comb to synchronize the frequency variations of the different streams of optical information,
called the ptical carrierspropagating through an optical fiber. This approach compensates in advance for the crosstalk that occurs between the multiple communication channels within the same optical fiber.
The frequency comb also ensures that the crosstalk between the communication channels is reversible. fter increasing the power of the optical signals we sent by 20 fold,
when it is sent through the optical fiber. With the frequency comb, the information can be unscrambled and fully restored at the receiving end of the optical fiber. e are preempting the distortion effects that will happen in the optical fiber,
said Bill Kuo, a research scientist at the Qualcomm Institute, who was responsible for the comb development in the group.
and Google Inc. for support of this work through a Google research grant. The University of California has filed a patent on the method and applications of frequency-referenced carriers for compensation of nonlinear impairments in transmission.
vercoming Kerr-induced capacity limit in optical fiber transmission, Science 26 june 2015: Vol. 348 no. 6242 pp. 1445-1448;
#MIT Chemists Develop a Quantum dot Spectrometer Researchers from MIT have designed a quantum dot spectrometer that is small enough to function within a smartphone, enabling portable light analysis. Instruments that measure the properties of light,
but MIT scientists have shown now they can create spectrometers small enough to fit inside a smartphone camera,
as well as in computer and television screens. sing quantum dots for spectrometers is such a straightforward application compared to everything else that wee tried to do,
such as labeling cells or new types of TV screens, exploit quantum dotsfluorescence a property that is much more difficult to control,
and placed on top of a photodetector such as the charge-coupled devices (CCDS) found in cellphone cameras. The researchers created an algorithm that analyzes the percentage of photons absorbed by each filter,
then recombines the information from each one to calculate the intensity and wavelength of the original rays of light.
which vary greatly in their ability to damage skin. he central component of such spectrometers the quantum dot filter array is fabricated with solution-based processing and printing,
one of their biggest limitations is the capacity of their tiny batteries to deliver enough power to transmit data.
which are needed for brief transmissions of data from wearable devices such as heart-rate monitors, computers, or smartphones, the researchers say.
They may also be useful for other applications where high power is needed in small volumes
nd it needs to broadcast data, for example using Wi-fi, over a long distance. At the moment, the coin-sized batteries used in many small electronic devices have limited very ability to deliver a lot of power at once,
which is what such data transmissions need. ong-distance Wi-fi requires a fair amount of power,
says Hunter, the George N. Hatsopoulos Professor in Thermodynamics in MIT Department of Mechanical engineering, ut it may not be needed for very long.
Consumers are very sensitive to the size of wearable devices. The innovation is especially significant for small devices,
because of 3-D printing, is relatively cheap and fast. The robot body transitions from soft to hard, reducing the stress where the rigid electronic components join the body
senior author Robert J. Wood, Charles river Professor of Engineering and Applied sciences at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) and core faculty member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired
a soft plungerlike body with three pneumatic legs and the rigid core module, containing power
and protected by a semisoft shield created with a 3-D printer. The design builds from previous work of co-author and chemist George Whitesides, the Woodford L. and Ann A. Flowers University Professor at Harvard.
This new design demonstrates the potential of 3-D printing in soft robotics. Traditional methods of fabrication custom molds and multistep assembly are costly and slow.
The ever-increasing variety of materials compatible with 3-D printers is allowing engineers to prototype new designs faster.
and 3-D printing is adding to the repertoire of things we can do in a really practical way,
These have been named Pc (4450)+ and Pc (4380), +the former being clearly visible as a peak in the data,
with the latter being required to describe the data fully. enefiting from the large data set provided by the LHC,
and the excellent precision of our detector, we have examined all possibilities for these signals, and conclude that they can only be explained by pentaquark states says LHCB physicist Tomasz Skwarnicki of Syracuse University. ore precisely the states must be formed of two up quarks,
The new data that LHCB will collect in LHC run 2 will allow progress to be made on these questions.
Nanoparticles made from these polymers have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell. Due to molecular-scale forces
BPA, another endocrine-disrupting synthetic compound widely used in plastic bottles and other resinous consumer goods, from thermal printing paper samples;
The researchers confirmed that a gene known as NF1 is a ajor playerin the development of skin cancer. he key finding is that roughly 45%of melanomas that do not harbor the known BRAF or NRAS mutations display loss of NF1 function,
This panel of genes can now be used in precision medicine to diagnose malignant lesions and can be applied to personalized cancer treatment.
and pressures at their cores necessary to trigger the thermonuclear reactions that power ormalstars. Theorists suggested in the 1960s that such objects should exist
#How 3g technology is improving HIV patient care in Kenya Kenya has an extensive population that infected with HIV and until very recently,
3g wireless technology. And it appears to be working. ART treatment is very laborious with a tremendous administrative burden.
The 3g technology has allowed clinics to computerize much of their administrative work, streamlining the submission process and saving time.
since patients need close supervision to ensure they are taking their medications on schedule. 3g technology is making a difference People in developed countries may think that 3g is outdated technology for smartphones,
Its effort is called Qualcomm Wireless Reach and so far has touched 40 countries through more than 100 projects.
Sesame street and other children programming is delivered on mobile devices to young children. A third-party study found children in the program showed significant gains in comprehension, language and word knowledge.
Business classes are delivered wirelessly to tablets, which also let women in the program communicate with mentors.
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