We've never taken a picture of it IBEX mission scientist Eric Christian said today in a teleconference.
This is actually the first real data we have that gives us the shape of the tail.
Now Guillem Anglada-Escudé of the University of Göttingen in Germany and his colleagues have reanalysed the original data
and become the cores of gas giants like Jupiter. But there is a catch. According to models of this process as the clumps get larger they feel more drag as they move through the gas and dust.
At about the distance of the Kuiper belt the region past Neptune where comets are born the would-be planet cores can't get much bigger than a millimetre.
The dummy contains instruments that will collect data about the launch to be transmitted back to mission managers before re-entry.
The next drill scoop will have to wait until the planet comes back into Range in the meantime the science team has plenty of data to fuel new discoveries and daydreams.
and European trees from the same era while Antarctic ice cores from 775 also have increases in beryllium-10 another isotope caused by cosmic rays.
Roger Clowes of the University of Central Lancashire in Preston UK and colleagues discovered the structure using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey the most comprehensive 3d map of the universe.
They identified a cluster of 73 quasars the brightly glowing cores found at the centre of some galaxies far larger than any similar structure seen before.
#Multibillion-dollar race to put internet into orbit The next-generation internet could come from above, with fleets of satellites delivering broadband to under-served areas of the world THE race is on to build a new kind of internet.
A host of companies and billions of dollars are in play, with the ultimate goal of ringing the planet with satellites that will allow anyone, anywhere,
Presently, satellite internet relies on spacecraft that are travelling in geosynchronous orbit at the same speed as Earth rotates.
as radio waves take a quarter of a second to make the round trip up to a geosynchronous satellite and back.
Added to the time for the other trips your data must take across the rest of the internet,
This plans to put 648 satellites in orbit about 1200 kilometres above Earth's surface, where the round trip time for radio waves is just a few thousands of a second, fine for any online application.
based In virginia, has provided satellite telephone services and low-bandwidth internet since the late 1990s. Its existing network of 66 satellites is set to be replaced by a new one called Iridium NEXT.
the new satellites will be capable of delivering high-speed internet on a par with what Oneweb and Spacex envisage.
Even internet giant Google has got in on the rush to space investing $1 billion in Spacex's venture.
If the internet service providers that rule the physical infrastructure of the internet start charging web services to deliver content to users,
"Will the space around Earth become crowded with all these satellites vying to route our data?"
If they're using radio waves, those beams will have areas of overlap and interference.""Beaming down Radio transmission is the most common way to communicate between satellites and Earth.
However, as anyone who has had trouble with their wireless router knows, working with radio waves is finicky.
So Cahoy and colleagues are working on using light to transfer data instead. Easier to focus
and send over long distances, laser signals could make it possible to build smaller, lower powered satellites that can still talk to the ground easily."
"Companies like O3b and Spacex are planning to launch internet satellites with masses of hundreds of kilograms,
Cutler says satellite internet will really take off if companies make their equipment small enough to fit in Cubesats small,
it's being fuelled by an internet perspective i
#Running the color gamut If LCD TVS start getting much more colorful and energy-efficient in the next few years,
it will probably be thanks to MIT spinout QD Vision, a pioneer of quantum dot television displays.
Last June, Sony used QD Vision product, called Color IQ, in millions of its Bravia riluminostelevisions, marking the first-ever commercial quantum dot display.
these displays will be olling out to the rest of the world. Replacing the bulb In conventional LCD TVS
pixels are illuminated by a white LED backlight that passes through blue, red, and green filters to produce the colors on the screen.
But this actually requires phosphors to convert a blue light to white; because of this process, much light is lost,
and displays only reach about 70 to 80 percent of the National Television Standard Committee color gamut.
With more light shining through the pixels, LCD TVS equipped with Color IQ produce 100 percent of the color gamut,
with greater power efficiency than any other technology. he value proposition is that you are not changing the display,
and yet the entire display looks much better. The colors are much more vivid known as much more saturated allowing you to generate a much more believable image,
Green from radle to gravewhile QD Vision aims to bring consumers more color-saturated displays,
which replaces phosphor in displays the company developed a much greener synthesis, according to the EPA.
Other technologies, called organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, use an organic compound to reach upward of 100 percent of the color gamut
Lighting to displays, and back QD Vision technology began at MIT more than a decade ago.
Coe-Sullivan, then a Phd student in electrical engineering and computer science, was working with Bulovic and students of Moungi Bawendi, the Lester Wolfe Professor in Chemistry,
quantum dot displays. aking a transition like that from lighting to displays tests the nerves of folks involved, from top to bottom,
Pooling all resources into displays, the company eventually caught the eye of Sony, and last year became the first to market with a quantum dot display.
Today, QD Vision remains one of only two quantum dot display companies that have seen their products go to market.
Now, with a sharp rise in commercial use, quantum dot technologies are positioned to penetrate the display industry
Coe-Sullivan says. Along with Color IQ-powered LCD TVS, Amazon released a quantum dot Kindle last year,
and Asus has a quantum dot notebook. nd there nothing in between that quantum dots can address,
The idea is to generate a robust marketplace of ideas about how best to enhance the trustworthiness of computer systems while respecting individual privacy and free expression rights encouraging innovation and supporting the broader public interest.
Choices we are making today about Internet governance and security have profound implications for the future.
Stanford s Cyber-X Initiative will focus on the core themes of trustworthiness and governance of networks.
That s our unique contribution to this challenge says Daniel Weitzner the principal investigator for the CPI and a principal research scientist in MIT s Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL.
CSAIL is home to much of the technology that is at the core of cybersecurity such as the RSA cryptography algorithm that protects most online financial transactions and the development of web standards via the MIT-based World wide web Consortium.
That gives us the ability to have our hands on the evolution of these technologies to learn about how to make them more trustworthy says Weitzner who was the United states deputy chief technology officer for Internet policy in the White house from 2011 to 2012 while on leave from his longtime position at MIT.
To address these issues CPI will not only bring to bear different disciplines from across MIT from computer science to management to political science
William Hewlett who earned an SM degree in electrical engineering from MIT in 1936 was cofounder with David Packard of the Hewlett-packard Company a multinational information technology company y
With these modifications nitroxides can circulate for several hours in a mouse s bloodstream long enough to obtain useful MRI images.
The mouse liver produces Vitamin c so once the particles reached the liver they grabbed electrons from Vitamin c turning off the MRI signal
and obtain real-time biochemical information about disease sites and also healthy tissues which is not always straightforward.
which uses sensor identification badges and analytics tools to track behavioral data on employees providing insights that can increase productivity.
and using that data to build a baseball team. But what if I could say Here s how you need to talk to customers here s how people need to collaborate with each other
Individuals can use that data to boost performance and a company can use that to help set up an environment where everybody s going to succeed.
Sociometric s system based on years of MIT research consists of employee identification badges with built-in Bluetooth sensors that track location and which way someone s facing.
Readers placed around an office collect the data and push it to the cloud. Individuals have access to their personal data via a Web dashboard
or smartphone but companies are given only anonymous aggregated results of patterns and trends in behavior.)
By combining this information with employee-performance data from surveys interviews and objective performance metrics Sociometric can pinpoint areas where management can build more productive offices in ways as surprising as providing larger lunch tables or moving coffee stations to increase interaction.
In one of its earliest studies with a Bank of america call center for instance Sociometric tracked co-workers for three months.
Additionally more than 60 research organizations across the globe are using the system on management social psychology medicine computer science and physical therapy among other things.
Accumulating more than 2000 hours of data and comparing that data with survey results they predicted with 60 percent accuracy that close-knit groups of workers who spoke frequently with one another were satisfied more
and got more work done more efficiently. They also found evidence of communication overload where high volumes of email due to lack of face-to-face interaction were causing some employees difficulty in concentrating
and decreasing their job satisfaction. Armed with these results the bank rearranged its layout to increase the proximity of the close-knit employees
Some major companies such as Google and Facebook Waber says are already promoting socializing by for instance building campuses where all workers come to collaborate.
You can store very long-term information says Timothy Lu an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and biological engineering.
or a specific sequence of single stranded-dna DNA into a targeted site. However this DNA is produced only when activated by the presence of a predetermined molecule or another type of input such as light.
After the DNA is produced the recombinase inserts the DNA into the cell s genome at a preprogrammed site.
and Lu treat an entire population of cells as an analog hard drive greatly increasing the total amount of information that can be stored
These engineered bacteria could also be used as biological computers Lu says adding that they would be particularly useful in types of computation that require a lot of parallel processing such as picking patterns out of an image.
and for computing it might be interesting to do highly parallelized computing. It might be slow
If you could turn the DNA inside a cell into a little memory device on its own
This week MIT and Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) announce the launch of the Center for Microbiome Informatics
and analyzing vast quantities of data related to the diverse types of bacteria within the human body and their interactions with each other and the body s own cells and organs.
but our ability to translate this data into usable knowledge is lagging behind says Arup K. Chakraborty the Robert T. Haslam (1911) Professor of Chemical engineering Physics Chemistry and Biological engineering at MIT and director of the MIT Institute
The center will have three core functions: to advance the field by funding research proposals; to help individual research projects proceed more efficiently through shared services such as a regional sample facility or support for regulatory compliance;
compared with today more common 260-foot towers. hat site-dependent, Smith adds. f you go somewhere in the Midwest where there open plains,
Keystone delivers its mobile, industrial-sized machine and the trapezoid-shaped sheets of steel needed to feed into the system.
Behind Keystone Smith, who studied mechanical engineering and electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, conceived of a tapered spiral-welding process
3-D printing. Until recently, Spielberg worked in the MIT Media Lab with Neri Oxman, the Sony Corporation Career development Assistant professor of Media Arts and Sciences, graduate students Steven Keating and John Klein,
As part of the Mediated Matter Group, he focused on converting a robotic arm to a computer controlled arm, capable of printing projects, like houses.
Outside the box Ordinarily, 3-D printing occurs inside a box limiting the size of printable objects to that of the printer housing.
It analogous to how an office printer cartridge runs back and forth, but on a much grander scale:
but to do so with considerable mobility, enabling immediate transport to a construction site, streamlining delivery and increasing construction efficiency.
Spielberg jumped to the other end of the 3-D printing spectrum, moving from walls to nanoscale fluidic chips.
Once again, Spielberg role in the lab is with optimizing the 3-D printer that makes the device.
and, much like manufacturing a standard computer chip, starts with creating silicon wafers, which act as a template for the final product.
Nonetheless, he a member of a recently formed rock band with a fellow mechanical engineering major and two computer science majors, keeping music
This new visualization system combines ceiling-mounted projectors with motion-capture technology and animation software to project a robot intentions in real time.
They then developed computer software that visually renders iddeninformation, such as a robot possible routes, and its perception of an obstacle position.
they were able to spot problems in the underlying algorithms, and make improvements much faster than before. here are a lot of problems that pop up because of uncertainty in the real world,
or hardware issues, and that where our system can significantly reduce the amount of effort spent by researchers to pinpoint the causes,
or restructure your vision of how your algorithm works. You could see applications where you might cut down a whole month of work into a few days.
similar to zoomed-in perspectives on Google maps. magine we can project a bunch of apartments in Cambridge,
who was involved not in the research. t will also enable the testing of decision-making algorithms in very harsh environments that are not readily available to scientists.
#Beating battery drain Stream video on your smartphone or use its GPS for an hour or two and you ll probably see the battery drain significantly.
As data rates climb and smartphones adopt more power-hungry features battery life has become a concern.
Now a technology developed by MIT spinout Eta Devices could help a phone s battery last perhaps twice as long
The primary culprit in smartphone battery drain is an inefficient power amplifier a component that is designed to push the radio signal out through the phones antennas.
Prepared to send sizeable chunks of data at any given time the amplifiers stay at maximum voltage eating away power more than any other smartphone component and about 75 percent of electricity consumption in base stations#and wasting
This means smartphone batteries lose longevity and base stations waste energy and lose money. But Eta Devices has developed a chip (for smartphones)
and a shoebox-size module (for base stations) based on nearly a decade of MIT research to essentially switch gears to adjust voltage supply to power amplifiers as needed cutting the waste.
and a former associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science who co-invented the technology. That turns out to be the key to keeping the efficiency very high.
When trialed in a base station last year Eta Devices module became the first transmitter for 4G LTE networks to achieve an average efficiency greater than 70 percent Dawson says.
Eta Devices has entered also conversations with major manufacturers of LTE-enabled smartphones to incorporate their chips by the end of next year.
Dawson says this could potentially double current smartphone battery life. Besides battery life Dawson adds there are many ways the telecommunications industry can take advantage of improved efficiency.
Eta Devices approach could lead to smaller handset batteries for example and even smaller handsets since there would be less dissipating heat.
and Twitter to name a few. In the mobile marketeta Devices commercial success is in part a product of engineering ingenuity intersecting with business acumen at MIT.
The AMO technology was a new transmitter architecture where algorithms could choose from different voltages needed to transmit data in each power amplifier
This could be done on the transmitting and receiving end of data transfers. This caught the eye of Astrom who had come to MIT after working in the mobile industry for 10 years looking for the next big thing.
At the time I was suffering as everyone else was from my iphone running out of battery at lunchtime Astrom says.
The iphone was only a year old but you could see how much data traffic would explode.
Fleshing out a business plan from an i-Teams draft the two professors earned a Deshpande Center for Technological Innovation grant in 2009 allowing for the first demonstration of the hardware showing a 77 percent gain in efficiency over standard systems.
A paper detailing the technology was presented at that year s IEEE Radio frequency Integrated circuits Symposium. That Deshpande Center grant was big in terms of the funding
and connecting us with local venture capitalists and really helping with being in that business mindset Dawson says.
#Spinning out a company has been the best way to validate the technology especially with novel power-electronics hardware Dawson says.
Future-proofing technologytoday Eta Devices major advantage is that its technology is able to handle ever-increasing data bandwidths.
A few major smartphone manufacturers are now using envelope tracking (ET) which adjusts voltage to power amplifiers on the fly.
But by adjusting that voltage continuously ET efficiency falls apart for 4G LTE and 802. 11ac (Wifi) wireless standards even up to 20 MHZ bandwidth.
ETADVANCED in contrast already accommodates ultrahigh bandwidths used by newer communication standards such as LTE Advanced (up to 80#megahertz) and the next-generation Wifi standard (up to 160 megahertz).
) Prepping for future communication standards is one thing that s helped the company thrive Dawson says.
In introducing new hardware you not only have to be better than the product of today
White blood cells can find their way to the site of an infection while scar-forming cells migrate to the site of a wound.
But finding ways of guiding artificial materials within the body has proven more difficult. Now a team of researchers at MIT led by Alfredo Alexander-Katz the Walter Henry Gale Associate professor of Materials science and engineering has demonstrated a new target-finding mechanism.
Courtesy of Juan Aragones Josh Steimel and Alfredo Alexander-Katzfull Screen The next step is to test the approach in more complex settings.
Personalized treatmentsthis system could be used in combination with hundreds of existing mouse strains that have been engineered to express known cancer genes allowing researchers to study more thoroughly the interactions of multiple genes.
along with several MIT graduate students, to test much smaller versions of the device in animals. he Deshpande funding was an absolutely critical element in getting the data necessary to raise capital for Taris,
Indeed, collecting clinical data is a major challenge in spinning biotechnology out of the lab, notes Cima,
Thanks to the data gathered from the study, Cima and Langer were able to launch Taris, with Lee as chief scientist,
collected the data to determine it was thought feasible, I it was something that could make a big impact.
#Untangling how cables coil The world fiber-optic network spans more than 550,000 miles of undersea cable that transmits e-mail, websites,
and other packets of data between continents, all at the speed of light. A rip or tangle in any part of this network can significantly slow telecommunications around the world.
Now engineers at MIT, along with computer scientists at Columbia University, have developed a method that predicts the pattern of coils
and tangles that a cable may form when deployed onto a rigid surface. The research combined laboratory experiments with custom-designed cables
At Columbia, computer scientists adapted a source code used for simulating animated hair and, incorporating the parameters of the MIT experiment,
and data loss. e now have a set of design guidelines that allow you to tune certain parameters to achieve a particular pattern,
so a lot of algorithms we develop, we need to think about geometry. Grinspun had upgraded previously a code he developed to simulate hair to model the flow of viscous fluids like honey.
so we thought that we should port some of his algorithms into engineering, and test if these patterns can be predicted,
In my opinion the best nanosystems are going to be done by 3-D printing because it would bypass the problems of standard microfabrication Velsquez-Garca says.
3-D printing is going to make a big difference in the kinds of systems we can put together
#MIT launches Laboratory for Social Machines with major Twitter investment The MIT Media Lab today announced the creation of the Laboratory for Social Machines (LSM), funded by a five-year, $10 million
commitment from Twitter. As part of the new program, Twitter will also provide full access to its real-time, public stream of tweets,
as well as the archive of every tweet dating back to the first. The new initiative, based at the Media Lab, will focus on the development of new technologies to make sense of semantic and social patterns across the broad span of public mass media
social media, data streams, and digital content. Pattern discovery and data visualization will be explored to reveal interaction patterns and shared interests in relevant social systems,
Though funded by Twitter, the LSM will have complete operational and academic independence. In keeping with the academic mission of LSM, students and staff will work across many social media
and mass media platforms including, but not limited to, Twitter. he Laboratory for Social Machines will experiment in areas of public communication
and social organization where humans and machines collaborate on problems that can be solved manually or through automation alone, says Deb Roy,
and who also serves as Twitter chief media scientist.""Social feedback loops based on analysis of public media
and data can be an effective catalyst for increasing accountability and transparency creating mutual visibility among institutions and individuals.""
""With this investment, Twitter is seizing the opportunity to go deeper into research to understand the role Twitter
"says Dick Costolo, CEO of Twitter.""As social media leads us into the emergence of a new era of communication and engagement, the LSM,
in collaboration with Twitter, will create analytical tools to help turn the vision of a new public sphere into reality,
"adds Joi Ito, director of the MIT Media Lab T
#High-speed biologics screen MIT engineers have devised a way to rapidly test hundreds of different drug-delivery vehicles in living animals making it easier to discover promising new ways to deliver a class of drugs called biologics
which includes antibodies peptides RNA and DNA to human patients. In a study appearing in the journal Integrative biology the researchers used this technology to identify materials that can efficiently deliver RNA to zebrafish and also to rodents.
because it gives you the ability to do highly predictive designs with unique targeting capabilities says senior author Mehmet Fatih Yanik an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and biological engineering.
Then the lipidoid-RNA complex was injected automatically guided by a computer vision algorithm. The system can be adapted to target any organ
The lipidoid material screen is just an example demonstrated in this article; a similar strategy can be extended readily to other libraries
If we can pick up certain design features from the screens it can guide us to design larger combinatorial libraries based on these leads Yanik says.
Using those mouse models we found that we could perfectly recapitulate these exact metabolic changes during the earliest stages of cancer Vander Heiden says.
The findings need to be validated with more data and it may be difficult to develop a reliable diagnostic based on this signature alone Vander Heiden says.
panel on one side that it can slide along an underwater surface to perform ultrasound scans.
Indeed Bhattacharyya built the main structural components of the robot using a 3-D printer in Asada s lab. Half of the robot the half with the flattened panel is waterproof and houses the electronics.
Two of those tubes vent on the side of the robot opposite the flattened panel so they can keep it pressed against whatever surface the robot is inspecting.
The control algorithm constantly adjusts the velocity of the water pumped through each of the six jets to keep the robot on course.
and electrical engineering and computer science the researchers described their findings in the Sept. 21 issue of Nature Biotechnology.
and mobile but these designs are not just for use in space. This research was funded by NASA and the MIT Portugal Program m
Zhao says the same basic approach could eventually lead to production of large, flexible display screens and antifouling coatings for ships.
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011