and associate chief of hematology/oncology at Boston Children Hospital. t a very different approach to treating disease. he data provide proof of principle that targeted edits to BCL11A enhancer in blood stem cells could be an attractive approach
hydrophilic (water-loving) shell and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) spherical core. he polymers are synthetized to ensure that
its protecting corona is removed and only the hydrophobic core remains. These akedhydrophobic plastic beads are stabilized not anymore
no data exist on the ability of these oxidizing agents to destroy the dangerous chemical, so their value is said questionable,
said Polina Golland, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, who led the project. he phrase I heard is that urgeons see with their hands,
Golland and her colleagues will describe their new system at the International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention in October.
Danielle Pace, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science, is first author on the paper
and spearheaded the development of the software that analyzes the MRI scans. Medhi Moghari, a physicist at Boston Children Hospital, developed new procedures that increase the precision of MRI scans tenfold
MRI data consist of a series of cross sections of a three-dimensional object. Like a black-and-white photograph, each cross section has regions of dark and light,
Determining the boundaries between distinct objects in an image is one of the central problems in computer vision
But general-purpose image-segmentation algorithms aren reliable enough to produce the very precise models that surgical planning requires.
Human factors Typically, the way to make an image-segmentation algorithm more precise is to augment it with a generic model of the object to be segmented.
That anatomical consistency could give a segmentation algorithm a way to weed out improbable conclusions about object boundaries.
and allow algorithms to take over from there. Their strongest results came when they asked the expert to segment only a small patch ne-ninth of the total area of each cross section.
and letting the algorithm infer the rest yielded 90 percent agreement with expert segmentation of the entire collection of 200 cross sections.
Prognosis Currently, the algorithm examines patches of unsegmented cross sections and looks for similar features in the nearest segmented cross sections.
This and other variations on the algorithm are the subject of ongoing research. The clinical study in the fall will involve MRIS from 10 patients who have received already treatment at Boston Children Hospital.
Each of seven surgeons will be given data on all 10 patients some probably, more than once. That data will include the raw MRI scans and, on a randomized basis,
either a physical model or a computerized 3-D model, based, again at random, on either human segmentations or algorithmic segmentations.
Using that data, the surgeons will draw up surgical plans, which will be compared with documentation of the interventions that were performed on each of the patients.
For example, researchers had previously been puzzled as to how org cells could maintain their generative vitality so far away from the nurturing VZ. n the mouse,
But the new data reveals that orgs bring a support group with them: The cells express genes for surface markers and molecular signals that enhance their own ability to proliferate,
In contrast to mouse vrgs, which produce 10 to 100 daughter cells during brain development,
which are thought to affect cell types not found in the mouse models that are used often to study such diseases.
But independent monitors recommended the results on the low-risk group be released, because it was clear that adding chemo would not improve their fate.
including new cancers at other sites or in the opposite breast.""These patients who had low risk scores by Oncotype did extraordinarily well at five years,
not only attack the main tumor site, but are more likely to find and attach themselves to tumor cells circulating in the bloodstream essentially attacking new tumors before they start,
and creates nanoscale spheres that consist of platelet membranes with Dox-gel cores. The surface of the spheres are coated then with the anticancer drug TRAIL,
which the platelet membrane could help us target relevant sites in the body. i
#An Accessible Approach to Making a Mini-brain If you need a working miniature brain say for drug testing, to test neural tissue transplants,
She compared them to retail 3-D printers which have proliferated in recent years, bringing that once-rare technology to more of a mass market. e could allow all kinds of labs to do this research.
In the paper, lead investigator Mcnally summarizes her research in fruit flies and mouse models. Her team,
#Mini DNA Sequencer Data Belies its Size A miniature DNA sequencing device that plugs into a laptop
the device can be plugged into any computer using a USB port, weighs just 90 grams and measures 10 centimeters in length.
and reproducibility of the data the device produces. The laboratories carried out two sets of ten experiments,
Working to a single, shared protocol, the consortium produced 20 data sets with enough results to be able to quantify the data yield, quality,
While the data from the Minion device did contain more errors than larger, more expensive devices so-called standard short-read technologies other researchers have shown that theye of high enough quality to infer full-length genomes from scratch, for the E coli bacterium, Influenza virus,
though, that there is work still to be done, to improve the reproducible delivery of molecules into the device and the clarity of the software it uses.
and data, go on to do their own analysis share their results and stimulate discussion, explains Dr. David Buck of Oxford university.
the data generated in the study actually represents a snapshot of the Minion performance in April 2015.
built the machine to assemble complex small molecules at the click of a mouse, like a 3-D printer at the molecular level.
The automated process has the potential to greatly speed up and enable new drug development and other technologies that rely on small molecules.
whose members watched DVDS while the other group slept, performed significantly worse than the nap group
69 percent in the central nervous system (CNS) in people with advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer---Genentech plans to submit these Phase I/II data to the FDA as part of a New
e plan to submit these data to the FDA this year to support alectinib as a potential new option for people
. chief medical officer and head of Global Product Development. e plan to submit these data to the FDA this year to support alectinib as a potential new option for people
immature data. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for people who received alectinib was 8. 9 months.
the people whose tumors shrank in response to alectinib continued to respond for a median of 7. 5 months (DOR, immature data.
When combined, the three proteins formed a robust panel that can detect patients with stages I-II pancreatic cancer with over 90 per cent accuracy.
This is a biomarker panel with good specificity and sensitivity and we're hopeful that a simple,
But he and colleagues have published now data on nine people who have regained voluntary control of their legs four with epidural implants
#Real-time Data For Cancer Therapy, MIT Study Biochemical sensor implanted at initial biopsy could allow doctors to better monitor
however, is good reconnaissance a reliable way to obtain real-time data about how well a particular therapy is working for any given patient.
The sensor then wirelessly sends data about telltale biomarkers to an external eaderdevice, allowing doctors to better monitor a patient progress
on-demand data concerning two biomarkers linked to a tumor response to treatment: ph and dissolved oxygen.
The variation in this return signal over time is interpreted by a computer to which the reader is wired,
you could use these to measure dissolved oxygen or ph from a lot of different sites all over a pond or a lake,
leading viruses to binding sites that allow infections to spread at the molecular level. They serve as a key of sorts that gives viruses entry into the host to begin spreading.
analyzed data from the Virginia Adult Twin Studies of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders, a large twin data set of approximately 7, 500 participants collected by Dr. Kenneth S
The particles work by releasing carbon dioxide gas, like antacid tablets to propel them toward the source of bleeding.
#Computer system Being developed to Predict Change In The Alzheimer's Brain, MIT Study MIT researchers are developing a computer system that uses genetic, demographic,
and clinical data to help predict the effects of disease on brain anatomy. In experiments, they trained a machine-learning system on MRI data from patients with neurodegenerative diseases
and found that supplementing that training with other patient information improved the system predictions. In the cases of patients with drastic changes in brain anatomy, the additional data cut the predictionserror rate in half,
from 20 percent to 10 percent. his is the first paper that wee ever written on this,
says Polina Golland, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT and the senior author on the new paper. ur goal is not to prove that our model is the best model to do this kind of thing;
it to prove that the information is actually in the data. So what wee done is, we take our model,
and we turn off the genetic information and the demographic and clinical information, and we see that with combined information,
First author on the paper is Adrian Dalca, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science and a member of Golland group at MIT Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory.
The researchers are presenting the paper at the International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention this week.
Common denominator In their experiments, the researchers used data from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, a longitudinal study on neurodegenerative disease that includes MRI scans of the same subjects taken months and years apart.
or oxels, the 3-D equivalent of image pixels. The researchersfirst step is to produce a generic brain template by averaging the voxel values of hundreds of randomly selected MRI scans.
They then characterize each scan in the training set for their machine-learning algorithm as a deformation of the template.
and one in which they trained it only on data from healthy subjects. In the first experiment, they trained the system twice,
This included data on genetic markers known as single-nucleotide polymorphisms; demographic data, such as subject age, gender, marital status, and education level;
and rudimentary clinical data, such as patientsscores on various cognitive tests. The brains of healthy subjects and subjects in the early stages of neurodegenerative disease change little over time,
and indeed, in cases where the differences between a subject scans were slight, the system trained only on MRI data fared well.
In cases where the changes were marked more, however, the addition of the supplementary data made a significant difference.
Counterfactuals In the second experiment, the researchers trained the system just once, on both the MRI data and the supplementary data of healthy subjects.
But they instead used it to predict what the brains of Alzheimer patients would have looked like had they not been disfigured by disease.
there are no clinical data that could validate the system predictions. But the researchers believe that exploring this sort of counterfactual could be scientifically useful. t would illuminate how changes in individual subjects for example, with mild cognitive impairment,
and other non-image data. t not surprising that clinical and genetic data would help,
and PET scan data. eople think MRI is expensive, but it only a fraction of what PET scans cost,
Then, using a computer-controlled light projector, the team was able to control the speed of the cardiac waves,
In the short term, the ability to provide fine control means that researchers are able to carry out experiments at a level of detail previously only available using computer models.
what one can do in a computer model, except here it was done in real heart cells, in real time.'
which cells are transplanted into the injury site, "says research supervisor Dr James St john, from Griffith's Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery.
and better integrate into the injury site. In turn, this will help the spinal cord to regenerate more effectively."
Future work for Tkaczyk and his colleagues includes developing an automated algorithm for white blood cell identification,
reflectors, and USB detectors, combined with the all-plastic housing and lenses will allow for future versions of the prototype to be mass-produced
The data is clear: One study found that G. M. O. cultivation has led to a 40 percent reduction in insecticide spraying worldwide.
Music streaming is finally bigger than downloads We've just hit a massive milestone in the evolution of the music industry:
a record label is reporting higher revenues from music streaming than paid downloads. Warner Music group has announced that its streaming revenues have passed those from digital downloads.
CEO Stephen Cooper said"the rate of this growth has made it abundantly clear that in years to come,
"Paid downloads have long been the primary way listeners consume music, with downloads overtaking physical sales in the US (by volume) back in 2012.
But downloads have gone into decline as faster internet connections have allowed the rise of streaming services, often offering users free access to libraries of millions of tracks,
financially supported by ads. This shift toward free music has left a sour taste in some artists'mouths,
"and offers high-quality music to users who pay for the most expensive tier. This shift also underscores why Apple's expected launch of its own streaming service is important to the company.
Through itunes, Apple has dominated long the digital music business. But as digital downloads decline it risks losing its industry-leading position to challengers like Spotify, Tidal, and others.
Though Apple is yet to make an official announcement, it is expected later this year to relaunch the Beats Music streaming service it acquired.
or more than three for every person on the planet, will be connected to the internet by the end of 2020.
and Israel that Tehran successfully reverse-engineered before turning it into their own cyber weapon to destroy the servers of Saudi arabia's national oil and natural gas company.
outlined to Business Insider four major ways that advancements in internet technology could threaten national security.
and scope, downing Sony's system and releasing upwards of 11 terabytes of internal company data.
REUTERS/Dado Ruvicpeople pose in front of a display showing the word'cyber'in binary code, in this picture illustration taken in Zenica December 27, 2014.
When it comes to finding security holes in a company's information system, people hired to hack into a company's systems start with
At Infiltrate, a professional penetration tester for a major company in Silicon valley told Business Insider that the easiest way to infiltrate a client's system is to bait an employee into clicking on an infected link in a seemingly innocuous email.
SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) is a type of industrial control system that monitors and controls key infrastructure in the US and around the world.
And some cybersecurity experts fear that hackers aboard an aircraft could bring down the plane using the onboard Wi-fi many commercial jets now offer to passengers."
"Modern aircraft are connected increasingly to the internet. This interconnectedness can potentially provide unauthorized remote access to aircraft avionics systems,
and dialed the phone numbers of some of the users of his new music-streaming service, Tidal.
It had grown up in the years before the iphone providing services for Nokia and Ericsson feature phones.
It was a tiny player in the music-streaming world, and nobody paid much attention to it.
By the end of March, Aspiro had become one of the most talked-about technology companies in the world.
Fans remain largely confused as to why Tidal even exists it offers streaming music at twice the price of Google, Apple, and Spotify.
This is the full story of how Jay z took over an obscure Scandinavian telecoms company in the hopes of staging a revolution on behalf of artists who feel they aren't being paid properly in a world where no one buys CDS anymore.
If you used a mobile phone to browse the internet back in 2003, then you probably did
so using a technology called wireless application protocol (WAP). It let older mobile phones download data using their cellular service.
It was a precursor to the much faster networks that we use today. Jörgen Adolfsson, Christer Månsson,
while they were working at Europolitan, one of the biggest telephone networks in Sweden. Aspiroaspiro founders Klas Hallqvist, Christer Månsson,
where they became aware of WAP and the companies that were starting to build businesses using the technology.
They left Europolitan and convinced Hallqvist to join them. Aspiro offered a range of different services using WAP and text messages.
It didn't sell its services direct to consumers but instead sold them onto mobile networks that could include it as part of their bundles.
Aspiro developed interactive games, ringtones, horoscopes, even a system to send fax messages from your phone.
Aspirothe Aspiro website in 2001. Aspiro grew quickly thanks to partnerships with European phone manufacturers such as Ericsson and Nokia.
Those companies were selling vast amounts of old-fashioned feature phones in Europe, so Aspiro's products reached millions of customers.
Aspiroa brochure produced by Aspiro in 2001. Adolfsson and Månsson wanted to live and work in Malmö in Sweden,
so Aspiro's first office was set up there. But Hallqvist wasn't so keen and preferred Karlskrona
Flickr/sigurdgaaspiro partnered with a Norwegian music store to launch its streaming site. Aspiro focused on WAP for years,
and it developed new services for the mobile network that was quickly becoming antiquated. But it also branched out into other online services,
including music news and search engines. The most important decision in Aspiro's history was the development of a music-streaming service built in conjunction with Platekompaniet,
a Norwegian retail chain that sells CDS and DVDS. Wimp, as Aspiro's music-streaming service was called,
did something different from its competitors. It emphasised high-quality audio streaming at higher bit rates than Rdio and Spotify.
It used the same strategy that it used for its WAP business to rapidly scale up the business:
Aspiro struck deals with telecoms companies and hardware manufacturers to pick up customers who wouldn't have
The actual database of music and pricing was unchanged. Tidalsince Jörgen Adolfsson was replaced as the first CEO in 2000,
Aspiro didn't feel like an old-school telecoms company anymore; this time, it was a tech startup out to disrupt the music industry.
and Tidal curated music using actual people, rather than algorithms: The legacy really comes from Wimp,
The 2014 year-end financial report gave a gloomy outlook:""The company is funded not fully for the coming twelve months."
"a company he had set up with the sole purpose of buying a music-streaming site.
Entertainment news site Showbiz 411 heard about the secret meeting and published a list of names that were in attendance.
when musicians began turning their social media profiles light blue in anticipation of the relaunch of Aspiro's streaming service.
and Jay z's streaming site would be called Tidal. The March 30 press conference was meant to be the opportunity for Tidal to reboot its public image and present itself as a major player in the world of music streaming. ew York
and a giant screen above the stage that displayed tweets from fans of the musicians who had been promoting the event.
Schlogel also announced that Tidal would support offline playing of music, just like Spotify. The relaunched streaming site would be based around exclusive music and video content,
as well as special live events for subscribers. Tidaltidal became Jay z's music-streaming service. But the most important part of the press conference wasn Schlogel speech;
the site encompasses high quality sound, video, exclusive editorial but there are more features on the way. In time, TIDAL will be not just a streaming service but a platform with enhanced experiences.
"Journalists and amused fans took to Twitter to mock Jay z's ignorance of the fact that people pay taxes
and his music is now available to stream on the site. The backlash against Tidal began in earnest after the New york press conference.
"pointing out that its ios app had plummeted down the App store chart from the top 20 to a point where it wasn't even in the top 700 most popular apps.
and Swedish news site Breakit claimed that 25 employees in Aspiro's Norway office had also been forced to leave."
Jay z took to Twitter on April 26 to air his views on Tidal.""Stream of consciousness coming in 5, 4, 3, 2,
Tidal itself had just 17,000 users as of January 31. The bigger service, Wimp, had 486,000 users, with 391,000 of them coming through partnerships with companies such as carriers.
That means just 91,000 users had sought actually out Wimp and subscribed to it. Another view that Jay z made clear in his Twitter"stream of consciousness"was that he felt that other music-streaming services were out to get him.
He accused"big companies"of"spending millions on a smear campaign.""Tidal employees suggested via email at the time that Jay z was referring to rivals like Apple and Spotify.
However, both companies deny the accusation. Tidal employees weren't aware that Jay z was going to make a public statement about the company.
It seems that it really was a stream of consciousness. There's a long and complicated history surrounding the hyphen in Jay z's name.
I take my respectpharrell even told me go with the safest betjimmy Iovine on for the safety netgoogle dig around a crazy checki feel like Youtube is the biggest culpritthem n---pay you a 10th of what you supposed to getyou know I came in this game independent right?
when it their own s---You bought nine iphones, and Steve jobs is richphil Knight is worth millions.
they ain say s---Jay z suggested that Google offered him money to partner with its own streaming service,
but hinted that he was upset with music appearing on Youtube (and the diminished revenue he receives from it).
so that all of his users could hear it. Spotify wasn't worried about the threat from Tidal, however.
The Tidal Twitter account publicly shut down the rumour. Right now there are two big reasons why someone would sign up to Tidal:
it has an entire online-radio station with shows by stars like Josh Homme and Elton john. Getty Images Europeapple hired BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe to present its own online-radio station.
Spotify has also been moving forward and developing new ways to bring in customers. It has launched playlists designed to surface up-and-coming music,
although The Daily mirror (one of the newspapers that partnered with Prince) compared it to his greatest hits. There's no denying that Tidal has come a long way from Aspiro's innovative WAP services in 1998.
and it just raised $40 million Massdrop is a new kind of Internet retailer. Actually, it's technically not a retailer at all.
The site doesn't have any kind of item on hand to sell you. Instead, it acts as a middleman between manufacturers, enthusiasts, and would-be customers."
Massdrop users vote for what product they would like to see on a"drop.""Coats, backpacks, boots, shoes, wallets,
the site now has over one million monthly users. To keep up with that demand, Massdrop's employees have ballooned from 14 just over a year ago to 70 today.
El-Hage says that the company's unique relationship with vendors sets it apart from other failed flash sale websites.
#The Apple Pay effect is real n-store mobile payments volume will top $800 billion in 2019 Mobile payments the use of phones to complete transactions in stores instead of cash
Considering that the feature can only be used on the new iphones we think that's indicative of exceptional momentum.
Android mobile wallets are benefiting from Apple Pay: Multiple sources confirm that Google Wallet saw a jump in payment volume following the launch of Apple Pay.
Softcard (formerly Isis), a mobile wallet backed by big wireless carriers including Verizon, also struck a number of new deals that were likely a result of retailers attempting to give their customers an Android-based alternative to Apple Pay.
In full, the report: Forecasts US mobile payment volume from 2014-2019 and provides an in depth explanation of the assumptions and data behind the forecast.
Analyzes the latest adoption statistics on Apple Pay and why the fledgling mobile payments feature is sure to be a success. Provides a quarterly update on the mobile payments industry including analysis of Softcard, Google Wallet, Currentc, Paypal, and Looppay.
To access the full report from BI Intelligence, sign up for a 14-day trial here.
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