With magnetic memory elements approaching nano dimensions, this technique promises new approaches in magnetic recording and computing g
as well as superstrong composites--like the ones used in phone cases and body armor. Each new combination of atom-thick layers presents new properties
#A new material for transparent electronics he performance of solar cells, flat panel displays, and other electronics are limited by today's materials.
The development of high-performance transparent conducting oxides (TCOS) is critical to many technologies ranging from flat panel displays to solar cells.
and their small footprint offers large storage capacity all these attributes make them well suited to new data storage applications or high-resolution displays.
and retrieve data, "explains Madhavi Krishnan. The targeted manipulation of individual nanoparticles opens up new options for their application,
including in future data storage media or in displays with resolutions that have thus far been hard to attain."
"This makes possible displays along the lines of the Kindle reader with a pixel size that is thousand times smaller and a much faster response time,
"the scientist explains s
#New research could help build computers from DNA Scientists have found a way to'switch'the structure of DNA using copper salts
and EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)- an agent commonly found in shampoo and other household products. It was known previously that the structure of a piece of DNA could be changed using acid,
and in DNA-based computing-where computers are built from DNA rather than silicon. It could also be used for detecting the presence of copper cations,
"A potential application of this finding could be to create logic gates for DNA based computing.
Logic gates are an elementary building block of digital circuits-used in computers and other electronic equipment. They are made traditionally using diodes or transistors
"This research expands how DNA could be used as a switching mechanism for a logic gate in DNA-based computing or in nano-technology
#New technique lowers cost of energy-efficient embedded computer systems (Nanowerk News) Electrical and computer engineers at North carolina State university have developed a new technique for creating less-expensive,
low-power embedded systems-the computing devices found in everything from thermostats to automobiles.""Using our techniques,
we've been able to create prototype systems with power converters that have a combination of energy efficiency
co-author of a paper on the work and an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering at NC State.
An embedded system with common peripherals. To understand the new technique, you have to know a little about embedded systems.
For one thing, they require a power source. And to maximize energy efficiency the system should be designed to operate using the best voltage possible.
One part consists of"power stage"hardware that controls the storage and flow of power.
"which allows the converter to respond to changes in the embedded system's demand for power
The controller can be designed a specifically circuit or a separate processor which runs special control software.
Having a dynamic responsive power converter is also important because it allows the embedded system to be more energy efficient;
the system can go to sleep, then operate quickly, then shut back down -and the power converter can adjust the flow of power accordingly."
and incorporated the power converter software into the embedded system processor. These methods guarantee that the other software on the embedded system's processor will not disturb the power converter's correct operation,
"Dean explains.""This eliminates the need for a separate processor or controller circuit on the power converter itself,
which in turn makes the overall system less expensive.""It also makes the embedded system smaller, lighter and more flexible."
"Because the embedded system software and power converter software are using a shared processor on a single chip,
it gives developers more coordinated control over both the system's functions and related demands those functions may make on the power converter,
"The paper,"Using Real-time System Design Methods to Integrate SMPS Control Software with Application Software"(pdf),
#Turning clothing into information displays Researchers from Holst Centre (set up by TNO and imec), imec and CMST,
imec associated lab at Ghent University, have demonstrated the world first stretchable and conformable thin-film transistor (TFT) driven LED display laminated into textiles.
This paves the way to wearable displays in clothing providing users with feedback. Wearable devices such as healthcare monitors and activity trackers are now a part of everyday life for many people.
Today wearables are separate devices that users must remember to wear. The next step forward will be to integrate these devices into our clothing.
Doing so will make wearable devices less obtrusive and more comfortable encouraging people to use them more regularly and,
hence, increasing the quality of data collected. A key step towards realizing wearable devices in clothing is creating displays that can be integrated into textiles to allow interaction with the wearer. earable devices allow people to monitor their fitness
and health so they can live full and active lives for longer. But to maximize the benefits wearables can offer,
they need to be able to provide feedback on what users are doing as well as measuring it.
The conformable display is very thin and mechanically stretchable. A fine-grain version of the proven meander interconnect technology was developed by the CMST lab at Ghent University
and Holst Centre to link standard (rigid) LEDS into a flexible and stretchable display. The LED displays are fabricated on a polyimide substrate
and encapsulated in rubber, allowing the displays to be laminated in to textiles that can be washed.
Importantly, the technology uses fabrication steps that are known to the manufacturing industry enabling rapid industrialization.
Following an initial demonstration at the Society for Information Display Display Week in San jose, USA earlier this year, Holst Centre has presented the next generation of the display at the International Meeting on Information Display
and one capacitor (2t-1c) pixel engine to drive the LEDS. These second-generation displays offer higher pitch and increased, average brightness.
The presentation will feature a 32x32 pixel demonstrator with a resolution of 13 pixels per inch (ppi) and average brightness above 200 candelas per square meter (cd/m2.
Work is ongoing to further industrialize this technology h
#New, ultrathin optical devices shape light in exotic ways Caltech engineers have created flat devices capable of manipulating light in ways that are very difficult
"could lead to ultracompact optical systems such as advanced microscopes, displays, sensors, and cameras that can be mass-produced using the same photolithography techniques used to manufacture computer microchips."
"Currently, optical systems are made one component at a time, and the components are assembled often manually, "says Andrei Faraon (BS'04), an assistant professor of applied physics and materials science,
Manipulating the polarization of light is essential for the operation of advanced microscopes, cameras, and displays;
We replaced the molecular dyes in previous LSC systems with core/shell nanoparticles composed of cadmium selenide (Cdse) cores
As well as offering new opportunities for industry, it will stimulate the search for even better basic catalysts
authored the article in the peer-reviewed journal. his is the first example of learning from data in catalysis. We anticipate that this new approach will have a huge impact in future materials design,
Catalysts come in multiple forms including: acids, solid metal nanoparticles, and large protein molecules or enzymes in human bodies.
Ninety percent of industrially important chemicals are made using catalysts. It is a major field in applied science;
and Xin decided to use existing data to train computer algorithms to make predictions of new materials,
an extremely useful chemical in industry for making plastics. his study opens a new way for designing metal-based catalysts with complexities, for example, geometry and composition, promoters and poisons, defects,
the lab assembled three-dimensional computer models of illared graphene nanostructures, akin to the boron nitride structures modeled in a previous study to analyze heat transfer between layers. his time we were interested in a comprehensive understanding of the elastic and inelastic properties
such as ejector pins for iphones, watch springs for expensive hand-wound watches, trial medical implants,
#Inexpensive new carbon-based catalysts can be tuned fine Researchers at MIT and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a new type of catalyst that can be tuned to promote desired chemical reactions,
Catalysts enhance the rate of a chemical reaction but are consumed not in the process. As a result, the repeated action of very small amounts of a catalyst can have large and long-lasting effects.
By finding a way to make this material tunable in the same ways as molecular catalysts
In addition to their possible uses in fuel cells, such new catalysts could also be useful for enhancing chemical reactions,
and metamaterials offers tantalizing future prospects for technologies such as high resolution optical microscopes and superfast optical computers.
invisibility cloaks could prove useful for 3d displays s
#Physicists discover spiral vortex patterns from electron waves In their new study("Electron Vortices in Photoionization by Circularly Polarized Attosecond Pulses),
and printer right at the hospital to create custom nerve guides right on site to restore nerve function."
During the last decades these computers have become more and more powerful by integrating ever smaller components on silicon chips.
the realized circuits currently still have limited computing power. ut with this research we have delivered proof of principle:
This is very difficult for a regular computer, while humans and possibly also our circuits can do this much better."
#New frontiers in 3d printing Three dimensional printing is revolutionizing the production of new devices and structures, including soft robots,
for the first time, allow for the simultaneous control of composition and geometry during printing. Lewis is a Core Faculty member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard university and the Hansjörg Wyss Professor of Biologically Inspired Engineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS.
The goal of integrating different material and structural properties within printed objects has demanded the invention of new, flexible printing platforms.
For example, to print a functional"wearable device including its electronic components, a 3d printer would need to seamlessly transition from the flexible material that moves with the wearer joints to the rigid material that holds the electronic components.
This is a crucial step in creating a new generation of foldable electronics-think a flat-screen television that can be rolled up for easy portability-and implantable medical devices.
The researchers used mouse embryonic fibroblast cells to determine biocompatibility; that, along with the fact that the stretchability of gold nanomesh on a slippery substrate resembles the bioenvironment of tissue
and re-scan it repeating the process until the desired spatial resolution is achieved before combining the data from each scan using a computer algorithm.
#Permanent data storage with light The first all-optical permanent on-chip memory has been developed by scientists of Karlsruhe Institute of technology (KIT) and the universities of Münster, Oxford, and Exeter.
This is an important step on the way towards optical computers. Phase change materials that change their optical properties depending on the arrangement of the atoms allow for the storage of several bits in a single cell.
With optical elements, computers can work more rapidly and more efficiently. Optical fibers have long since been used for the transmission of data with light.
But on a computer, data are processed still and stored electronically. Electronic exchange of data between processors and the memory limits the speed of modern computers.
To overcome this so-called Von neumann bottleneck, it is not sufficient to optically connect memory and processor,
as the optical signals have to be converted into electric signals again. Scientists, hence, look for methods to carry out calculations and data storage in a purely optical manner.
Scientists of KIT the University of Münster, Oxford university, and Exeter University have developed now the first all-optical,
nonvolatile on-chip memory. ptical bits can be written at frequencies of up to a gigahertz. This allows for extremely quick data storage by our all-photonic memory,
Professor Wolfram Pernice explains. Pernice headed a working group of the KIT Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)
and recently moved to the University of Münster. he memory is compatible not only with conventional optical fiber data transmission,
but also with latest processors, Professor Harish Bhaskaran of Oxford university adds. The new memory can store data for decades even
when the power is removed. Its capacity to store many bits in a single cell of a billionth of a meter in size multilevel memory) also is highly attractive.
The change from crystalline to amorphous (storing data) and from amorphous to crystalline (erasing data) is initiated by ultrashort light pulses.
For reading out the data, weak light pulses are used. Permanent all-optical on-chip memories might considerably increase future performance of computers
and reduce their energy consumption. Together with all-optical connections, they might reduce latencies. Energy-intensive conversion of optical signals into electronic signals and vice versa would no longer be required
a computer then reconstructs the path those photons must have taken, which generates an image of the target material--all without the lens that's required in conventional microscopy."
"The computer does the imaging part--forget about the lens, "explained Michael Zürch, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany and lead researcher."
"The computer emulates the lens.""Without a lens, the quality of the images primarily depends on the radiation source.
#Pioneering research develops new way to capture light-for the computers of tomorrow The key breakthrough will allow large quantities of data to be stored directly on an integrated optical chip,
Light is suited ideally to ultra-fast high-bandwidth data transfer, and optical communications form an indispensable part of the IT world of today and tomorrow.
However, a stumbling block so far has been the storage of large quantities of data directly on integrated chips in the optical domain.
While optical fibre cables and with them data transfer by means of light have long since become part of our everyday life,
data on a computer are processed still and stored electronically. The team of scientists from Germany and England have made a key breakthrough by capturing light on an integrated chip,
so developing the first permanent, all-optical on-chip memory. The research is published in leading scientific journal, Nature Photonics("On-chip integratable all-photonic nonvolatile multilevel memory".
Our technology might also eventually be used to reproduce in computers the neural-type processing that is carried out by the human brain.
The all-optical memory devices we have developed provide opportunities that go far beyond any of the approaches to optical data processing available today.
and our approach can define a new speed limit for future processors, by delivering extremely fast on-chip optical data storage In addition,
he says, the written state is preserved when the power is removed, unlike most current on-chip memories.
they can be arranged within the gel in practically any design that can be created on a computer.
he newly demonstrated laser nano-patterning method in graphene oxides holds the key to fast processing and programming of high capacity information for big data sectors.
With low-cost fabrication, long-term stability and a wide palette of colors, they have become a building blocks of the display technology,
improving the image quality of TV-SETS, tablets, and mobile phones. Exciting quantum dot applications are also emerging in the fields of green energy, optical sensing,
the IBM research lab Zurich (Switzerland) and the University of Milano-Bicocca (Italy) demonstrated a radically new approach to manipulate the light emission of quantum dots.
This way, researchers were able to compress the inner core, creating the intense internal electric field.
which opens the way towards optical memories and smart pixel new devices. The new material could also lead to optical sensors that are highly sensitive to the electrical field in the environment on the nanometer scale e
Tactile sensors are data acquisition devices that detect and measure a diversity of properties arising from physical interaction
Unlike most 3-D printing, this technique does not require photoinitiators, compounds that promote photoreactivity
"If we can use SPRNT to screen for drugs that specifically disrupt the functioning of these proteins,
Using mouse models, the researchers tested their sunblock against direct ultraviolet rays and their ability to cause sunburn.
potentially outperforming traditional monitoring tools such as cardiac event monitors. The researchers published a paper on their patent-pending process in Advanced Materials.
which is similar in scope to 3-D printing but different in that material is removed instead of added.
"We are trying to add more types of sensors including blood pressure and oxygen saturation monitors to the low-cost patch
They are expected also to be used for precise color matching in light-emitting devices and displays,
These attributes should lead to new LEDS and display devices not only with precisely matched colors--better color accuracy and brightness--but also with improved performance lifetime and improved ease of manufacturing."
"QDS are already in use in display devices (e g. Amazon Kindle and a new Samsung TV
when the intensity of light and radio waves completely disappears. These findings are of fundamental importance for the development of quantum physics
representing the quantum ground state of light and radio waves. However, until now direct experimental proof of this basic phenomenon has been considered impossible.
Media interested in attending the event should register on the Fio website media center: Media Center r
physicists at the University of Düsseldorf have developed model computer simulations to further investigate torque coupling at the nanoscale.
Because we use essentially the same device technology as existing computer chips, we believe it will be much easier to manufacture a full-scale processor chip than for any of the leading designs,
which rely on more exotic technologies.""This makes the building of a quantum computer much more feasible,
since it is based on the same manufacturing technology as today's computer industry, "he added. The advance represents the final physical component needed to realise the promise of super-powerful silicon quantum computers,
which harness the science of the very small-the strange behaviour of subatomic particles-to solve computing challenges that are beyond the reach of even today's fastest supercomputers.
In classical computers, data is rendered as binary bits, which are always in one of two states:
A qubit operation exploits this quantum weirdness by allowing many computations to be performed in parallel (a two-qubit system performs the operation on 4 values, a three-qubit system on 8, and so on."
"The silicon chip in your smartphone or tablet already has around one billion transistors on it, with each transistor less than 100 billionths of a metre in size,"said Dr Menno Veldhorst,
We then store the binary code of 0 or 1 on the'spin'of the electron,
"He said that a key next step for the project is to identify the right industry partners to work with to manufacture the full-scale quantum processor chip.
Such a full-scale quantum processor would have major applications in the finance, security and healthcare sectors, allowing the identification
and faster information searching through large databases s
#Flame retardant nanocoating is derived naturally and nontoxic (w/video) Inspired by a naturally occurring material found in marine mussels,
#Simple detection of magnetic skyrmions At present, tiny magnetic whirls so called skyrmions are discussed as promising candidates for bits in future robust and compact data storage devices.
"For future data storage concepts this promises a significant simplification in terms of fabrication and operation. Stable whirls in magnetic materials (see figure) were predicted over 25 years ago,
has opened the perspective to use them as bits in novel data storage devices. Up to now individual magnetic whirls were detected either by electron microscopy
leading to a local resistance change of the material. e were able to understand this effect by performing extensive numerical computer simulations of the electronic properties
Accordingly, crystallographic data collected for three types of crystal indicate that the more compact the crystal,
ranging from cell phones to laptop computers and electric cars. But there may soon be a new type of battery based on materials that are far more abundant and less costly.
"Electrical energy storage in batteries is essential not only for consumer products such as cell phones and computers,
but also in transportation industry power backup, micro grid storage, and for the wider use of renewable energy y
so that the signal of the nanoswitch may be read using a mobile phone. This will make our approach really available to anyone!
using computer programs that simulate the activity of place and grid cells in the brain. Crucial to the computational algorithm is the strength of the feedback mechanism between the grid cells and place cells,
and the calibration of the visual signals is integral to the map building process of the computer algorithm.
The algorithm was tested in a robot (see image) that explored a 35 meter x 35 meter indoor office environment.
The robot was able to detect loops in the path through the office space and,
The computer navigation system assists the robot in situations where it is lost in a new environment,
These microscopic widgets could be customized into incredibly sensitive chemical detectors or long-lasting catalysts, to name a few possible applications.
The nanosheet layers include a water-repelling core (yellow), peptoid backbones (white), and charged sidechains (magenta and cyan).
What more, they discovered it by combining computer simulations with x-ray scattering and imaging methods to determine, for the first time,
a DOE Office of Science user facility located at Berkeley Lab. He led the research with co-corresponding author Ranjan Mannige,
They used the high-performance computing resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC),
another DOE Office of Science user facility located at Berkeley Lab. Peptoid nanosheets were discovered by Zuckermann group five years ago.
Microscopy and scattering data gathered at the Molecular Foundry and the Advanced Light source also a DOE Office of Science user facility located at Berkeley Lab,
were compared with molecular dynamics simulations conducted at NERSC. The research revealed several new things about peptoid nanosheets.
To make sure they are getting data only on the protein of interest, the researchers label their target protein with carbon-13 a stable isotope of carbon
next-generation health monitoring devices such as electronic stick-on tattoos (see for instance"wearing single-walled carbon nanotube electronics on your skin",a"temporary tattoo to monitor glucose levels"or"graphene nanosensor tattoo
on teeth monitors bacteria in your mouth")."In order for these wearable sensor devices to become fully integrated into sophisticated monitoring systems,
they require wireless interfaces to external communication devices such as smartphones. This requires far-field communication systems that,
like the sensor systems, perform even under extreme deformations and during extended periods of normal daily activities."
"While the transistors used in radio frequency (RF) circuits can be made flexible and stretchable using several techniques already demonstrated, the main component of the communication circuit,
stretching, flexing and twisting hence the antenna can continuously communicate information in the Wifi frequency band
#New way to store information uses ions to save data and electrons to read data Scientists from Kiel University
and the Ruhr Universität Bochum (RUB) have developed a new way to store information that uses ions to save data
and electrons to read data. This could enable the size of storage cells to be reduced to atomic dimensions.
But that is not the only advantage of the new technology, as the researchers reported in the journal Scientific Reports("A double barrier memristive device").
Modern computers use this principle in practically Every bit (unit of measurement for the digital information content) and the almost unbelievable increase in performance over the last decade was based on a very simple rule:
faster processors and more storage space. Standard memory devices are based on electrons which are displaced by applying voltage.
The development of ever smaller and more energy-efficient storage devices according to this principle, however, is increasingly approaching its limits:
because there is not just one storage device in our computers, but several optimised ones, depending on the task."
"Moving data between individual storage devices has begun now to take a not inconsiderable amount of time. Put simply:
That is why industrial companies and research institutes around the world are working on a more efficient, universal storage device that combines the advantages of all storage devices and moves as little data as possible back and forth.
This way, ions can be used specifically for storing and electrons specifically for reading data. The researchers also reported that their research had another very interesting element.
Rapid pattern recognition and a low energy consumption in connection with enormous parallel data processing would enable revolutionary computer architectures."
"The researchers, from the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute and Konkuk University in the Republic of korea, coated cotton and polyester yarn with a nanoglue called bovine serum albumin (BSA.
as they do in computer chips. As a semimetal, graphene naturally has no bandgaps, making it a challenge for widespread industry adoption.
a DOE Office of Science User Facility located at Argonne.""We have some very unique capabilities here at the Center for Nanoscale Materials,
Data gathered from the electron signatures allowed the researchers to create images of the material's dimensions and orientation.
antifouling materials developed in the lab of Joanna Aizenberg, the Amy Smith Berylson Professor of Materials science and core faculty member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard university.
especially in printing highly viscous and sticky biological and polymeric materials where friction and contamination are major obstacles.
Developed by UW-Madison collaborators Zhenqiang"Jack"Ma, professor of electrical and computer engineering and research scientist Jung-Hun Seo, the high-performance phototransistor far and away exceeds all previous flexible phototransistor parameters,
and 0s that create the digital image. While many phototransistors are fabricated on rigid surfaces, and therefore are flat,
Scientists and engineers from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (CQC2T), headquartered at the University of New south wales (UNSW),
and favoured by the trillion-dollar computing and microelectronics industry. Teams led by UNSW researchers have demonstrated already a unique fabrication strategy for realising atomic-scale devices
Quantum bits-or qubits-are the fundamental data components of quantum computers. One of the final hurdles to scaling up to an operational quantum computer is the architecture.
and make the processor work.""This architecture gives us the dense packing and parallel operation essential for scaling up the size of the quantum processor,"says Scientia Professor Sven Rogge, Head of the UNSW School of Physics."
"Ultimately, the structure is scalable to millions of qubits, required for a full-scale quantum processor."
"Background In classical computers, data is rendered as binary bits, which are always in one of two states:
0 or 1. However, a qubit can exist in both of these states at once, a condition known as a superposition.
A qubit operation exploits this quantum weirdness by allowing many computations to be performed in parallel (a two-qubit system performs the operation on 4 values, a three-qubit system on 8, and so on.
As a result, quantum computers will exceed far today's most powerful super computers, and offer enormous advantages for a range of complex problems,
such as rapidly scouring vast databases, modelling financial markets, optimising huge metropolitan transport networks, and modelling complex biological molecules s
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