or equivalently the intensity of the light at various places at the measuring screen, ensures that the set of correlations between the two detectors does result in an interference-like pattern in those correlations.
#Computerized surveillance system quickly detects disease outbreaks among preschoolers A web-based system that allows preschools
they can use the data to emphasize to parents the need to have immunized their children against influenza sooner rather than later,
They entered data on illness type and symptoms in seven categories commonly seen in preschoolers:
Researchers sent data electronically to the public health department weekly or more frequently if spikes in illness cases were seen.
Data also revealed an unusually large increase in gastroenteritis cases during a two-day period,
"Preliminary data suggest that using the online biosurveillance in child care centers and preschools gives us an earlier detection
#Sensor invented that uses radio waves to detect subtle changes in pressure Stanford engineers have invented a wireless pressure sensor that has already been used to measure brain pressure in lab mice with brain injuries.
The copper strips act like radio antennas. The rubber serves as an insulator. The technology involves beaming radio waves through this simple antenna-and-rubber sandwich.
When the device comes under pressure the copper antennas squeeze the rubber insulator and move infinitesimally closer together.
Radio waves passing through the two antennas slow down in terms of frequency. When pressure is relaxed the copper antennas move apart
The engineers proved that this effect was measurable giving them a way to gauge the pressure exerted on the device by tracking the frequency of radio waves passing through the device.
and are linked to an external monitor via a cable. In addition to the possibility of the cable being pulled out
In experiments on laboratory mice Tse used radio waves to probe Bao's wireless sensor allowing him to monitor changes in intracranial pressure continuously.
By putting this pyramid-shaped rubber layer between the copper antennas this team of engineers was able to exploit the subtle interactions of radio waves
To assess the durability of this intervention the researchers followed antibiotic prescribing across intervention and control sites after termination of audit and feedback.
Following termination of audit and feedback however prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics increased over time reverting to above-baseline levels After restandardization of the data set for the additional 18 months of data antibiotic prescribing increased from 16.7 percent
These data suggest that audit and feedback was a vital element of this intervention and that antimicrobial stewardship requires continued active efforts to sustain initial improvements in prescribing.
We've already learned that the histone proteins found at the sites of genes can be modified chemically with a variety of small chemical tags that either promote
Surprisingly the loss of STAT3 in NK cells of the mouse led not to a decrease but to an increase in killing activity against melanoma cells and leukemia cells.
and Bruce Maryanoff, formerly at Johnson & johnson and currently a visiting scholar at TSRI, the researchers tested this synthetic peptide in a mouse model prone to atherosclerosis.
'Antibiotics are crashingin his last position as managing director of the Center for Molecular Discovery at Yale university Kinch had assembled a huge database of information about drug discovery and development in the pharmaceutical industry.
He has been able to excavate story after story from this storehouse of data. The crash of antibiotics is one of the best known and scariest
The group Kinch helped found the Institute for Life sciences Collaboration recently convened an expert panel at the United nations to discuss the need for innovative partnerships
"Using a device that can be placed on the forearm of the older person and a webcam that records movement patterns,
which are plotted then by software. In case of any anomaly in the activities course of the person,
"The sensor is connected to a modem using radio frequency systems. The processed information from the elder's movement pattern may include factors such as temperature, heart rate and deviations in the usual activity path,
geriatricians and system engineers in order to optimize and streamline the system for detection of a depression state.
and vital-sign data (such as body temperature heart rate and blood pressure) in the electronic health record of hospital inpatients to identify those at risk for sepsis.
When certain data thresholds are detected the system automatically sends an electronic communication to physicians nurses and other members of a rapid response team who quickly perform a bedside evaluation
when data on admitted patients was evaluated and alerts triggered in a database but no notifications were sent to providers on the ground.
Outcomes in that control period were compared then to a post-implementation period from June to September 2013.
The REON II device or Sonde deployed October 6 on the banks of the Hudson river in New Hamburg N y. is providing real-time data called for by scientists to better understand the complex relationship between humans the built environment and our fragile waterways.
It is one of 37 sensor stations currently in place in the Hudson and St lawrence river watersheds making REON one of the world's most robust resources of real-time data.
Applications of REON data could include the ability to visualize the movement of chemical or biological contaminants with far-reaching implications for public health including homeland security concerns.
Applying world class research to water quality has to be viewed as a critical component for sustaining society as a whole says Clarkson University President Tony Collins. As healthy water becomes increasingly scarce establishing real-time data as the new standard for understanding water quality around the globe
The research team carefully selected 30 different grassland sites--three of which are used already for small-scale bioenergy production--and 11 cornfields in southern Wisconsin.
The team found that the presence of grasslands within one kilometer of the study sites also helped boost bird species diversity and bird density in the area.
and designed said Peng Yin senior author of the paper Wyss Core Faculty member and Assistant professor of Systems Biology at Harvard Medical school.
For the very first time a general strategy to manufacture inorganic nanoparticles with user-specified 3d shapes has been achieved to produce particles as small as 25 nanometers or less with remarkable precision (less than 5 nanometers.
and meticulously planned using computer design software. Using the software the researchers design three-dimensional frameworks of the desired size
and shape built from linear DNA sequences which attract and bind to one another in a predictable manner.
This capability should open up entirely new strategies for fields ranging from computer miniaturization to energy and pathogen detection.
Researchers in 40 countries correlated birth rates with economic data and concluded that a moderately low birth rate--a little below two children per woman--can actually boost a country's overall standard of living.
But the rash persisted and a few years later a rare form of skin cancer known as Marjolin's ulcer developed at the surgical site.
The researchers showed in mouse models that chronic skin inflammation caused by continuous skin contact with allergens contributes to tumor development.
To investigate whether inflammation from the implant contributed to the tumor the researchers studied mouse models of contact allergy.
The researchers showed that contact allergy brings inflammatory cells and molecules to the site of the allergic reaction.
and molecules become active at the site of the reaction. The new mix of cells and molecules promotes the development of skin tumors.
#Computer science: Data smashing could unshackle automated discovery A little known secret in data mining is that simply feeding raw data into a data analysis algorithm is unlikely to produce meaningful results,
say the authors of a new Cornell University study. From recognizing speech to identifying unusual stars,
new discoveries often begin with comparison of data streams to find connections and spot outliers. But most data comparison algorithms today have one major weakness--somewhere,
they rely on a human expert to specify what aspects of the data are relevant for comparison,
and what aspects aren't . But experts aren't keeping pace with the growing amounts and complexities of big data.
Cornell computing researchers have come up with a new principle they call"data smashing"for estimating the similarities between streams of arbitrary data without human intervention,
and without access to the data sources. Hod Lipson, associate professor of mechanical engineering and computing and information science,
and Ishanu Chattopadhyay, a former postdoctoral associate with Lipson and now at the University of Chicago, have described their method in Royal Society Interface, Oct 1.
Data smashing is based on a new way to compare data streams. The process involves two steps. First, the data streams are smashed algorithmically"to"annihilate"the information in each other.
Then, the process measures what information remained after the collision. The more information remained the less likely the streams originated in the same source.
Data smashing principles may open the door to understanding increasingly complex observations, especially when experts do not know what to look for, according to the researchers.
The authors demonstrated the application of their principle to data from real-world problems, including the disambiguation of electroencephalograph patterns from epileptic seizure patients;
In all cases and without access to original domain knowledge, the researchers demonstrated performance on par with the accuracy of specialized algorithms and heuristics devised by experts s
and may provide a resource for discovery of beta cell therapies that promote survival or regeneration of beta cells and development of screening biomarkers to monitor beta cell health and survival to guide therapeutic
This could affect how they incorporate into cellular networks for example leading to the clinical symptoms that we see in kids with these diseases s
#Gene that drives aggressive brain cancer found by new computational approach Using an innovative algorithm that analyzes gene regulatory and signaling networks,
suggesting that the algorithm, combined with the researchers'sophisticated computer models of cellular regulation, is a powerful method for identifying genetic drivers of a wide range of diseases."
"This algorithm adds a new dimension to our ability to identify the genetic causes of complex disease.
When combined with other tools that our lab has developed, it will help identify many more genes that hold potential as genetic biomarkers of disease progression
the Clyde and Helen Wu Professor of Chemical Biology (in Biomedical Informatics and the Institute for Cancer Genetics), chair of the Department of Systems Biology,
Dr. Califano and his colleagues used high-power computer models to demonstrate that certain types of cancer have conserved highly"master regulators"--genes
In the current study, the team combined its existing computational tools with a new algorithm called DIGGIT (for Driver-Gene Inference by Genetical-Genomic Information theory),
The DIGGIT algorithm, combined with what we know about regulatory events in the cell, can help us sort through this mass of data
and identify critical hidden mutations that otherwise would have gone undetected.""The new approach was tested on mesenchymal glioblastoma, the most aggressive subtype of the disease,
and mutational profile data of more than 250 patients collected by the Cancer Genome Atlas consortium.
In further studies by the Califano team, the algorithm identified 35 genes as drivers of breast cancer.
confirming that the algorithm is capable of capturing driver mutations in other types of cancer.
the algorithm identified the key molecular regulators and pathways through which these mutations likely work to drive disease,
Working in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCS) the Young lab examined the scaffolding landscape found within topologically associated domains.
Using a technique known as Chia-PET the researchers focused on how these proteins interact. y knowing which of the Cohesin/CTCF bound sites are coming together in physical proximity we started to go from a linear view of the genome to sets of looping interactions
a new type of meson 1 was discovered by analysing data collected with the LHCB detector at CERN's Large hadron collider (LHC) 2. The new particle is bound together in a similar way to protons.
Warwick Ph d. student Daniel Craik who worked on the study adds Perhaps the most exciting part of this new result is that it could be the first of many similar discoveries with LHC data.
a pair of iron cores around which wires of different lengths are wrapped. These are the transformer coils one
To minimize the energy loss associated with this process special types of iron-silicon alloy known as electrical steel are used to make the core.
But goldsmiths are not the only users of these instruments the tools are more frequently found in steel foundries
According to data from the Federal Statistical Office, the number of deadly casualties on German autobahns in 2013 rose by more than eight percent when compared to the prior year.
since it is equipped with an integrated processor for image processing. After the integrated image sensor has recorded the images,
the processor evaluates the frames.""The video itself no longer has to--as previously the case--be sorted
The data volumes to be transmitted and processed turn out to be much less--by many times over.
A total of 72 passive and 13 active components (such as LEDS, DC-to-DC converters, memory chip, image sensor and image processor) had to be positioned within the module in an especially space-saving manner.
If one programs the software accordingly, it is also possible to detect road markings. In this case, the camera is combined with a lane departure assistant.
For this purpose, only the image processing algorithms would have to be adjusted accordingly y
#Mining big data yields Alzheimers discovery Scientists at The University of Manchester have used a new way of working to identify a new gene linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Researcher David Ashbrook and colleagues from the UK and USA used two of the world's largest collections of scientific data to compare the genes in mice and humans.
Using brain scans from the ENIGMA Consortium and genetic information from The Mouse Brain Library he was able to identify a novel gene,
MGST3 that regulates the size of the hippocampus in both mouse and human, which is linked to a group of neurodegenerative diseases.
and the corresponding genes and then matching those with genes in mice from the BXD system held in the Mouse Brain Library database we could identify this specific gene that influences neurological diseases."
The Mouse Brain Library, established by Professor Robert Williams based at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
contains data on over 10,000 brains and numerical data from just over 20,000 mice. David explains why combining the information held by both databases is so useful:"
"The key advantage of working this way is that it is much easier to identify a genetic variant in mice as they live in such controlled environments.
Hierarchical clustering revealed distinguishable lncrna expression profiles. Thirty lncrnas were regulated up and the expression levels of three top-ranking candidates XLOC 007697, LOC100287482,
Hierarchical clustering of the differentially expressed lncrnas was observed and 10 up-regulated lncrnas were detected using microarrays.
For rivers like the Colorado, already much altered and bearing heavy demands from many different user groups, a"designer"approach is more practical than attempting to return the river closer to its natural,
The data found that peanuts are allergenic due to inherent components the lead to a more robust immune response.
But patterns of electric signals are sent by a computer into nerves in his arm and to his brain,
"They change things on the computer to change the sensation.""One time,"he said, "it felt like water running across the back of my hand."
the research team has developed algorithms that convert the input from sensors taped to a patient's hand into varying patterns and intensities of electrical signals.
#Smartphone understands hand gestures Professor Otmar Hilliges and his staff at ETH Zurich have developed a new app enabling users to operate their smartphone with gestures.
This development expands the range of potential interactions with such devices. It does seem slightly odd at first:
they are for controlling your smartphone. By mimicking the firing of a pistol for example a user can switch to another browser tab change the map's view from satellite to standard
or shoot down enemy planes in a game. Spreading out your fingers magnifies a section of a map or scrolls the page of a book forwards.
All this gesturing wizardry is made possible by a new type of algorithm developed by Jie Song a Master's student in the working group headed by by Otmar Hilliges Professor of Computer science.
Intelligent programming uses computer memorythe program uses the smartphone's built-in camera to register its environment.
and warns the user when the hand is either too close or too far away. Many movement-recognition programs need plenty of processor
and memory power explains Hilliges adding that their new algorithm uses a far smaller portion of computer memory
and is thus ideal for smartphones. He believes the application is the first of its kind that can run on a smartphone.
The app's minimal processing footprint means it could also run on smart watches or in augmented reality glasses.
More controlthe program currently recognises six different gestures and executes their corresponding commands. Although the researchers have tested 16 outlines this is not the app's theoretical limit.
He is convinced that this new way of operating smartphones greatly increases the range of interactivity.
so that users can operate their smartphone effortlessly. But will smartphone users want to adapt to this new style of interaction?
Otmar Hilliges is confident they will. Gesture control will not replace touchscreen control but supplement it.
People got used to operating computer games with their movements. Touchscreens Hilliges reminds us also required a very long adjustment period before making a big impact in consumers'lives.
He is therefore certain that this application --or at least parts of it--will find its way onto the market.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by ETH Zurich. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
Guan notes that the site-specific analytical capabilities of this technique should give researchers finer control over selective surface vaporization of alloying elements for enhanced, high-tech applications."
The system uses the distance data to make a 3d image of about 1 million pixels in less than 8. 5 minutes at the current scanning rate.
and analyzed by digital signal processing to generate time delay data which is used to calculate the distance.
Finally the system uses real-time fast processing digital electronics to produce fully calibrated 3d megapixel images.
that displays a functionally critical region of the virus that is universally conserved in all known species of Ebola.
Importantly, the researchers were able to demonstrate this peptide target is suitable for use in high-throughput drug screens.
These kinds of screens allow rapid identification of potential new drugs from billions of possible candidates.
and colleagues have shown that a lentivirus encoding let-7 injected into mouse neurons promotes the autophagic turnover of toxic misfolded proteins associated with neurodegenerative disease. e also demonstrate that treatment with anti-let-7 can block autophagy
The likely involvement of this bacterial protein in disordered eating behaviour in humans was established by analysing data from 60 patients.
These data thus confirm the involvement of the bacterial protein in the regulation of appetite and open up new perspectives for the diagnosis and specific treatment of eating disorders.
Together with telecommunications businessman Kaj Juul-Pedersen, he established the company Dencrypt, which sells dynamic encryption to businesses
so they can safely exchange confidential information over the telephone.""Today, all telephone conversations are encrypted --i e. converted into gibberish
--but they are encrypted not all the way from phone to phone, and if a third party has access to one of the telephone masts through which the call passes,
they can listen in, "explains Lars Ramkilde Knudsen.""And even if the conversation is encrypted--in principle--it is still possible to decrypt it provided you have sufficient computer power,
"he says. This is in no small part due to the fact that the vast majority of telecommunications operators use the same encryption algorithm--the so-called AES,
the outcome of a competition launched by the US government in 1997.""This is where my invention comes in,
It expands the AES algorithm with several layers which are never the same. Dynamic encryption"When my phone calls you up, it selects a system on
Technically speaking, it adds more components to the known algorithm. The next time I call you,
The clever thing about it is that your phone can decrypt the information without knowing which system you have chosen.
and encryption method--and both are thrown away by the phone after each call and replaced by a new combination--the conversation is extremely difficult to decrypt
budgets and secret plans using phone tapping, for example. In the USA alone, the phenomenon costs businesses around USD 100 billion every year according to a 2014 report on the subject by security firm Mcafee.
Dencrypt currently has six employees in addition to co-owner and founder Lars Ramkilde Knudsen who still works for DTU Compute.
Researchers noted that stricter guidelines for exit site management wound care and antibiotic therapy could reduce that risk in future studies.
which facilitates the reconstruction of the brain's anatomic data as a 3d model on the computer.
because a high density of transistors has many direct and indirect benefits for computation and signal processing.
and materials science professor Noah Malmstadt and biomedical engineering graduate student Bryant Thompson designed computer models for eight modular fluidic and instrumentation components (MFICS pronounced em-fix) that would each perform a simple operation.
The team attributes much of the success in the fabrication stage to recent advancements in high-resolution 3-D printing.
The team envisions an open community where designs can be shared via an open-source database. They have plans to develop more components
and fog while retaining their transparency to radio frequencies (RF). The technology was introduced this month in the American Chemical Society journal Applied materials and Interfaces.
when exposed to high-powered radio signals.""At extremely high RF, the thicker portions were absorbing the signal,
but also be transparent to radio frequencies. It's really frustrating these days to find yourself in a building where your cellphone doesn't work.
This could help alleviate that problem.""Tour noted future generations of long-range Wi-fi may also benefit."
"It's going to be important, as Wi-fi becomes more ubiquitous, especially in cities. Signals can't get through anything that's metallic in nature,
but these layers are so thin they won't have any trouble penetrating.""He said nanoribbon films also open a path toward embedding electronic circuits in glass that are both optically and RF transparent.
and Vladimir Volman, an engineer at Lockheed martin. Tour is the T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of materials science and nanoengineering and of computer science.
and divide and could reveal binding sites for future cancer drugs. A team from The Institute of Cancer Research London and the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular biology in Cambridge produced the first detailed images of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C). The APC/C
and imaging software to visualize it at a resolution of less than a billionth of a metre.
The new study could identify binding sites for potential cancer drugs. Each of the APC/C's subunits bond
#Silicon oxide for better computer memory: Use of porous silicon oxide reduces forming voltage, improves manufacturability Rice university's breakthrough silicon oxide technology for high-density next-generation computer memory is one step closer to mass production thanks to a refinement that will allow manufacturers to fabricate devices at room temperature with conventional
production methods. First discovered five years ago, Rice's silicon oxide memories are a type of two-terminal,"resistive random-access memory"(RRAM) technology.
"Tour is Rice's T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry and professor of mechanical engineering and nanoengineering and of computer science.
The basic concept behind resistive memory devices is the insertion of a dielectric material--one that won't normally conduct electricity--between two wires.
The presence or absence of these conduction pathways can be used to represent the binary 1s and 0s of digital data.
For example, manufacturers have announced plans for RRAM prototype chips that will be capable of storing about one terabyte of data on a device the size of a postage stamp--more than 50 times the data density of current flash memory technology.
and even used it for exotic new devices like transparent flexible memory chips. At the same time, the researchers also conducted countless tests to compare the performance of silicon oxide memories with competing dielectric RRAM technologies."
Beyond the use for a harder spinel in armor windows there could be other potential Dod and civilian applications in better/stronger office windows smartphones and tablets screens military/civilian vehicles
#Advantages, potential of computer-guided spinal surgery In a series of research studies Cedars-Sinai spinal surgeons show that a new method of computer-guided spine surgery is beneficial for spinal reconstruction
Computer-guided surgical navigation technology delivers on quality and safety said J. Patrick Johnson MD a neurosurgery spine specialist and director of Spine Education and the Neurosurgery Spine Fellowship program in the Department of Neurosurgery.
The images are transferred to a computer which displays them on overhead monitors that allow precise tracking of surgical instruments as surgeons insert screws for reconstruction
and perform other complex procedures on the spine. Surgeons said the technique is superior to existing methods because of its precision and speed.
because hardware was initially out of place. The Cedars-Sinai surgeons say they have cut these to nearly zero by using computer-guided methods.
The surgeons said the technology has others applications for treating spinal disorders serving as a tool to remove tumors decompress the spinal column
This approach represents a major leap forward for instrumented spine surgery said Terrence T. Kim MD an orthopedic spine surgeon in the Cedars-Sinai Spine Center and expert in the computer-guided navigation field.
and computer-aided system used during minimally invasive surgery increased the accuracy of screw placement into vertebral pedicle bones.
The final two articles offer an overview of computer-guided surgery of the spine including its use in revision
and the potential future use of robotic spine surgery with computer navigation. The special issue of the journal can be accessed at:
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011