#New Algorithm enables Robot to Learn through Trial and error UC Berkeley's BRETT (Berkeley Robot for the Elimination of Tedious Tasks) is capable of learning through trial and error, like humans.
New algorithms developed by researchers empower the robot to master tasks through trial and error, ridding the need of pre-programming.
Among many tasks, it can perform is assembling a toy, and the best thing is it keeps trying figuring out the way to accomplish the task until it finally done.
New algorithms developed by researchers from UC Berkeley brought this trial and error process to robots. UC Berkeley said in a press release that the technology is a giant leap in the field of artificial intelligence.
After identifying brain cancer's OCT signature, researchers at Johns hopkins university have developed a computer algorithm that rapidly generates a color-coded map that shows cancer in red and healthy tissue in green."
with algorithms and sensors that automatically adjust the angle of the foot during different points in its wearer's stride.
Similar to the movie, researchers at MIT Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory have created an object recognition system that can accurately identify objects using a normal RGB camera (no threatening blood-red color filter required.
The algorithm will improve over time, Amazon told technology site Cnet. Its first effects may not be visible for some time as the work only began on Friday.
algorithms that take into account nearby faults and other factors to broadcast a warning of affected areas, estimated intensities and apparent epicenter.
The sensors use a patented algorithm to filter the signals it picks up into two heartbeat recordings.
using algorithms that make the arm easier to use.""A good example is had we actually an amputee use the wireless brainwave headset to control a hand,
Lobo and Levin developed an algorithm that would use evolutionary computation to produce regulatory networks able to"evolve"to accurately predict the results of published laboratory experiments that the researchers entered into a database."
The algorithm compared the resulting shape from the simulation with real published data in the database.
First Regenerative Model Discovered by Artificial intelligence The researchers ultimately applied the algorithm to a combined experimental dataset of 16 key planarian regeneration experiments to determine
After 42 hours, the algorithm returned the discovered regulatory network, which correctly predicted all 16 experiments in the dataset.
Lobo and Levin are trained both in computer science and bring an unusual perspective to the field of developmental biology.
Levin majored in computer science and biology at Tufts before earning his Ph d. in genetics. Lobo earned a Ph d. in the field before joining the Levin lab. The paper represents a successful application of the growing field of"robot science
"While the artificial intelligence in this project did have to do a whole lot of computations, the outcome is a theory of
Computation used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by NSF grant OCI-1053575,
Computations made by the group of Professor Thomas Heine from Jacobs University Bremen, which is involved also in the project,
They can even perform computations based on changes in the environment or movement, and respond to human vital signs.
reactive material system capable of performing computations without external energy inputs, amplification or computer mediation. The studies combine Balazs'research in Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) gels, a substance that oscillates in the absence of external stimuli,
"allowing the material to be used for computation. Levitan adds, however, the computations would not be general purpose,
but rather specific to pattern-matching and recognition, or other non-Boolean operations.""Imagine a group of organ pipes,
by developing an inverse design algorithm that tells them exactly how to build the silicon structures they need to perform a desired task.
Theye already used the algorithm to design a working optical circuit, and have made several copies in their lab. Reporting in Nature Photonics,
who worked on the algorithm.""The fact that we could build devices this robust on our equipment tells us that this technology will be easy to mass-produce at state-of-the-art facilities."
By designing very precise segments of silicon and pairing them together-according to the instructions of the algorithm-the team are able to create switches or conduits that control the flow of photons,
By creating an algorithm that automates the development of these complex Swiss cheese silicon structures, the team has essentially"set the stage for the next generation of even faster
The algorithm could also be used to find design solutions to many other communication problems-all a researcher needs to do is plug in their desired result,
and the algorithm will come up with a plan. We're pretty excited to see what they do with it next h
"Imagine if when you run a set of computations that not only information is processed but physical matter is manipulated algorithmically as well.
And it carries information using the absence of presence of water droplets as the 1s and 0s of its binary code."
and play around with the design to help take it to the next level. e are trying to bring the same kind of exponential scale up because of computation we saw in the digital world into the physical world,
By developing cloud databases and algorithms to store all of this data, the researchers behind Project Premonition hope to build a robust system capable of spotting dangers to humans and wildlife alike in the future u
which involves converting data into a set of algorithms that a computer can make sense of.
Using an algorithm, they worked out how the words are clustered, and they then looked up the different definitions of each word in a dictionary.
000 times faster than current flash memory Tech giants Intel and Micron have announced a new class of computer memory called 3d XPOINT,
It also 10 times denser than current flash, meaning it could lead to smaller components and ultimately even smaller devices.
so that different laser flashes are sent into different directions says Ulrich Schmid. To experience the 3d effect the viewer must be positioned in a certain distance range from the screen.
Capacitors use an electrostatic charge to store energy they can release quickly, to a camera's flash, for example.
and understands it said Yiannis Aloimonos UMD professor of computer science and director of the Computer Vision Lab one of 16 labs and centers in UMIACS.
#Vision system for household robots Researchers at MIT's Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory believe that household robots should take advantage of their mobility
In a paper appearing in a forthcoming issue of the International Journal of Robotics Research the MIT researchers show that a system using an off-the-shelf algorithm to aggregate different perspectives can recognize four times as many objects as one that uses a single
They then present a new algorithm that is just as accurate but that in some cases is 10 times as fast making it much more practical for real-time deployment with household robots.
and computer science and lead author on the new paper. One way around that is just to move around
Wong and his thesis advisors--Leslie Kaelbling the Panasonic Professor of Computer science and Engineering and Toms Lozano-Prez the School of engineering Professor of Teaching Excellence--considered scenarios in which they had 20 to 30
The first algorithm they tried was developed for tracking systems such as radar which must also determine
For each pair of successive images the algorithm generates multiple hypotheses about which objects in one correspond to which objects in the other.
To keep the calculation manageable the algorithm discards all but its top hypotheses at each step.
In hopes of arriving at a more efficient algorithm the MIT researchers adopted a different approach.
Their algorithm doesn't discard any of the hypotheses it generates across successive images but it doesn't attempt to canvass them all either.
Suppose that the algorithm has identified three objects from one perspective and four from another. The most mathematically precise way to compare hypotheses would be to consider every possible set of matches between the two groups of objects:
Instead the researchers'algorithm considers each object in the first group separately and evaluates its likelihood of mapping onto an object in the second group.
The algorithm could conclude that the most likely match for object 3 in the second group is object 3 in the first
So the researchers'algorithm also looks for such double mappings and reevaluates them. That takes extra time
In this case the algorithm would perform 32 comparisons--more than 20 but significantly less than 304 4
and then bring them together explains Faraz Najafi a graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science at MIT and first author on the new paper.
If multiple qubits are entangled meaning that their quantum states depend on each other then a single quantum computation is in some sense like performing many computations in parallel.
For that reason optical systems are a promising approach to quantum computation. But any quantum computer--say one whose qubits are trapped laser ions
or hundreds of photonic qubits it becomes unwieldy to do this using traditional optical components says Dirk Englund the Jamieson Career development Assistant professor in Electrical engineering and Computer science at MIT and corresponding author on the new paper.
which is led by Karl Berggren an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and of which Najafi is a member.
and algorithm programming. I don't think there are many places in the world where one finds the level of interdisciplinary cooperation that exists in our Center for Neuroprosthetics."
#New algorithm will allow better heart surgery experts say A new technique to help surgeons find the exact location of heart defects could save lives,
Now the team at Manchester have come up with a new algorithm which will enable medics to exactly find the area of concern before any surgery takes place.
the algorithm will detect the origin of the heart defect, cutting the amount of time in surgery for some patients.
Professor Henggui Zhang describes how the new algorithm had a success rate of 94%.%Using 3d computer modelling of the human heart,
Using this new algorithm ECG map can help diagnose the location of cardiac disorder in a way which is better for the patients and more cost effective for health services
In principle doubling the number of cores should double the efficiency of a computation. With algorithms that use a common data structure called a priority queue that's been true for up to about eight cores
--but adding any more cores actually causes performance to plummet. At the Association for Computing Machinery's Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming in February researchers from MIT's Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory will describe a new way of implementing priority queues that lets them keep pace with the addition of new cores.
In simulations algorithms using their data structure continued to demonstrate performance improvement with the addition of new cores up to a total of 80 cores.
A priority queue is a data structure that as its name might suggest sequences data items according to priorities assigned them
Priority queues are central to the standard algorithms for finding the shortest path across a network
and computer science and one of the new paper's co-authors. All of these guys try to put the first element in their cache
their advisor professor of computer science and engineering Nir Shavit; and Microsoft Research's Dan Alistarh a former student of Shavit's relaxed the requirement that each core has to access the first item in the queue.
But the MIT researchers'algorithm starts farther down the hierarchy; how far down depends on how many cores are trying to access the root list.
One such piece of evidence comes from an observation surrounding fetal programming, says Rosen.""Fetal programming centers on a person's exposure in utero,
"he explains.""So, for example, whether a fetus has received too few or too many nutrients from the mother can lead to a person becoming obese or diabetic in adulthood,
When the researchers treated live bacteria with the new drug two of the genetic changes actually arose just as their algorithm predicted.
This gives us a window into the future to see what bacteria will do to evade drugs that we design before a drug is deployed said co-author Bruce Donald a professor of computer science and biochemistry at Duke.
and Amy Anderson at the University of Connecticut used a protein design algorithm they developed called OSPREY to identify DNA sequence changes in the bacteria that would enable the resulting protein to block the drug from binding
The researchers are now using their algorithm to predict resistance mutations to other drugs designed to combat pathogens like E coli and Enterococcus.
or computer code to make things living cells from skin muscle or cartilage are the raw material.
Predicting the zeolites'performance required serious computing power efficient computer algorithms and accurate descriptions of the molecular interactions.
The team's software can utilize Mira a supercomputer with nearly 800000 processors to run in a day the equivalent computations requiring about 10 million hours on a single-processor computer.
The computations identified zeolites to attack two complex problems. The first problem researchers tackled is the current multi-step ethanol purification process encountered in biofuel production.
Supported by a three-year $500000 National Science Foundation grant and by Google where Seales spent his sabbatical in 2012-2013 the computer science professor has begun working to develop the software.
The computer science professor is working on the software with a team of UK undergraduate and graduate students including:
The emergence of fluorescent proteins and transgenic techniques over the past 20 years has transformed biomedical research even delivering neurons that flash as they fire in the living brain.
the cornerstone of genetic programming The transistor is the central component of modern electronic systems. It acts both as a switch and as a signal amplifier.
Lobo and Levin developed an algorithm that would use evolutionary computation to produce regulatory networks able to"evolve"to accurately predict the results of published laboratory experiments that the researchers entered into a database."
Tufts biologists devloped an algorithm that used evolutionary computation to produce regulatory networks able to"evolve"to accurately predict the results of published research on planarian regeneration.
The algorithm compared the resulting shape from the simulation with real published data in the database.
Arraythe researchers ultimately applied the algorithm to a combined experimental dataset of 16 key planarian regeneration experiments to determine
After 42 hours, the algorithm returned the discovered regulatory network, which correctly predicted all 16 experiments in the dataset.
Lobo and Levin are trained both in computer science and bring an unusual perspective to the field of developmental biology.
Levin majored in computer science and biology at Tufts before earning his Ph d. in genetics. Lobo earned a Ph d. in the field before joining the Levin lab. The paper represents a successful application of the growing field of"robot science
"While the artificial intelligence in this project did have to do a whole lot of computations, the outcome is a theory of
Computation used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by NSF grant OCI-1053575,
The software uses a machine-learning algorithm--the sort computers connected to security cameras might use for automated facial recognition.
#Ultrasound, algorithms to diagnose bacterial meningitis in babies Three researchers from Spain and one from UK, Javier Jiménez, Carlos Castro, Berta Martí and Ian Butterworth,
-which already has a prototype-was to"facilitate the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis using imaging technologies and algorithms."
The image obtained is analysed then by image-processing algorithms to determine the presence of cells indicating infection
The work combines his expertise in manipulating droplet fluid dynamics with a fundamental element of computer science--an operating clock."
Imagine if when you run a set of computations that not only information is processed but physical matter is manipulated algorithmically as well.
"The ability to precisely control droplets using fluidic computation could have a number of applications in high-throughput biology and chemistry,
allowing observation of computation as it occurs in real time. The presence or absence of a droplet represents the 1s and 0s of binary code
and the clock ensures that all the droplets move in perfect synchrony, and thus the system can run virtually forever without any errors."
and demonstrates building blocks for synchronous logic gates, feedback and cascadability--hallmarks of scalable computation. A simple-state machine including 1-bit memory storage (known as"flip-flop")is demonstrated also using the above basic building blocks.
is that it opens up a new way of thinking of computation in the physical world.
Although the physics of computation has been applied previously to understand the limits of computation the physical aspects of bits of information has never been exploited as a new way to manipulate matter at the mesoscale (10 microns to 1 millimeter.
computation takes a special place. We are trying to bring the same kind of exponential scale up because of computation we saw in the digital world into the physical world
#How a gut feeling for infection programs our immune response An unexpected finding by an international team of scientists based at The University of Manchester
It has always been assumed that the programming takes place once the cells arrive at the point of injury
and puts the early signals coming out from the gut at the centre of monocyte programming.
It might even be possible to develop drugs to target the programming mechanisms within the bone marrow,
"On top of uncovering the long-range signaling mechanisms the researchers were astounded by another aspect of the programming
you will see flashes of light every time the wheel is at the perfect spot for sunlight to hit it.
The speed of the Ferris wheel determines the frequency of the flashes you see, "he said."
Computations made by the group of Professor Thomas Heine from Jacobs University Bremen, which is involved also in the project,
The Vasquez team designed their algorithm to take a string of letters corresponding to the DNA bases A-t-C-G
'Vasquez sees a bright future in the intertwining of computation and the life sciences.''I think the potential of the computational analysis is mind-blowing.
and can perform computations based on changes in the environment or movement, and potentially even respond to human vital signs.
reactive material system capable of performing computations without external energy inputs, amplification or computer mediation. Their research,"Achieving synchronization with active hybrid materials:
"allowing the material to be used for computation. Levitan adds, however, the computations would not be general purpose,
but rather specific to pattern-matching and recognition, or other non-Boolean operations.""Imagine a group of organ pipes,
"said Jianlin Cheng, an associate professor of computer science in the MU College of Engineering.""RNA sequencing is the means by
According to a 2014 report by the TV rating company Nielsen, fewer than 10 percent of U s. households rely on over-the-air broadcasts for TV programming.
"This collaborative effort is a perfect example of how computation can help in the design and discovery of new materials."
replacing MPI point-to-point communication with MPI collectives in key algorithms, and leveraging MPI I/O. Altogether, these enhancements allowed the code to perform twice as fast as before."
Using specially developed image analysis algorithms, they could evaluate images taken with a scanning electron microscope and predict the electrical conductivity of the electrodes from them."
The software is now being optimised to reduce the computation time.""The image analysis has given us valuable clues about where we need to concentrate our efforts to increase the performance of the electrode,
The company's proprietary algorithm, aka"Foveated Rendering,"measures depth of field focus by calculating the parallax between the wearer's eyes."
even delivering neurons that flash as they fire in the living brain. Yet imaging techniques that can capture these dizzying dynamic processes have lagged behind.
then devised mathematical algorithms to crack the code governing the process and built computer-based models of the coding system.
said Yiannis Aloimonos, UMD professor of computer science and director of the Computer Vision Lab, one of 16 labs and centers in UMIACS. ut cooking is complex in terms of manipulation,
In addition to Aloimonos and Fermüller, study authors includedyezhou Yang, a UMD computer science doctoral student, and Yi Li, a former doctoral student of Aloimonos and Fermüller from NICTA.
so that different laser flashes are sent into different directionssays Ulrich Schmid. To experience the 3d effect the viewer must be positioned in a certain distance range from the screen.
Capacitors use an electrostatic charge to store energy they can release quickly, to a camera flash, for example.
Tour is the T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of materials science and nanoengineering and of computer science and a member of the Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
The device is based on microfluidic technology developed by Joel Voldman an MIT professor of electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) in 2009.
Considering meteorological data the software for the new ship type uses a navigation algorithm to calculate a route with the optimum angle to the wind for maximum effect of the design. ith our weather routing module the best route can be calculated
Thanks to a new algorithm for designing the splitter Menon team has shrunk it to 2. 4 by 2. 4 microns,
Many researchers see improved interconnection of optical and electronic components as a path to more efficient computation and imaging systems.
New technique, called eep learning is a system of algorithms that enable robots to learn motor tasks through trial and error.
Professor Pieter Abbeel of UC Berkeley Department of Electrical engineering and Computer sciences said it is a new way to empower robot
This learning ability did require tremendous amount of programming anyway. Usually, robots have to be programmed to handle the vast range of possible scenarios.
The algorithm controlling BRETT learning included a reward function that provided a score based upon how well the robot was doing with the task.
households with solar PV systems can save additional money by programming their system to run certain appliances
says Cynthia R. Sung, an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science and one of the robot co-developers. n previous origami robots,
and motors to actuate the body itself. oining Sung on the paper describing the robot are her advisor, Daniela Rus, the Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor in MIT Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science;
the team devised a computer algorithm to process OCT data and, nearly instantaneously, generate a color-coded map with cancer in red and healthy tissue in green. e envision that the OCT would be aimed at the area being operated on,
and can perform computations based on changes in the environment or movement, and potentially even respond to human vital signs.
reactive material system capable of performing computations without external energy inputs, amplification or computer mediation. Their research, Achieving synchronization with active hybrid materials:
In effect, these different oscillatory patterns form a type of emory allowing the material to be used for computation.
however, the computations would not be general purpose, but rather specific to pattern-matching and recognition,
so less sharing of the wireless network. e developed a modulation algorithm that increases the throughput of data in visible light communications,
we performed a large number of calculations called genetic algorithms. We then chose the best ones and continued with the calculations
such strains are only found at low levels within the human gut, according to Timothy Lu, an associate professor of biological engineering and of electrical engineering and computer science,
#Google App Puts Neural networks on Your Phone to Translate Signs Offline In recent years Google has used networks of crudely simulated neurons running in its data centers to improve its speech recognition,
and other graphics for dashboard displays. t pretty cool to bring this level of powerful computation into cars,
The algorithms allow the robot to build its knowledge slowly over time like humans do,
the robot was rewarded"with points allocated by the algorithm.""We still have a long way to go before our robots can learn to clean a house
Arranging these artificial chromatophores in a linear array, the team devised mathematical algorithms to control how the cells react to changes in state of neighbouring cells,
and devise new algorithms to simulate patterns in two-dimensional chromophore arrays o
#Zero emissions liquid air engine begins tests 26 june 2015uk liquid-nitrogen engine pioneer Dearman has begun full testing of its zero-emission engine technology at its new liquid air R&d facility.
The study, published in the journal Nature, describes the new algorithms that underpin the advance,
"We use that data and put it in our algorithm and scoring systems to try to gauge respiratory distress."
The system uses algorithms that predict when parked cars will leave, which the company said is about 80 percent accurate.
Nvidia senior manager for CUDA Libraries and Algorithms Jonathan Cohen, said, ecause this is a neural network,
#Google's Algorithm Masters Video games Google has stated that they have developed the first computer program capable of learning a wide variety of tasks independently, in
such as Space Invaders, Pong and Breakout, the algorithm significantly outperformed humans, while on others it fared far worse.
because the algorithm has no real memory. It is, therefore, unable to commit to long-term strategies that require planning.
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