Since a diode acts as an electricity valve, its structure needs to be asymmetric so that electricity flowing in one direction experiences a different environment than electricity flowing in the other direction.
In order to develop a single-molecule diode, researchers have designed simply molecules that have asymmetric structures.""While such asymmetric molecules do indeed display some diode-like properties,
Electrons that are driven toward the center absorb enough energy so that some of them emit blue light at double the frequency of the incoming infrared light. his is similar to
and energy to move around until it found its preferred spot in the metal crystalline structure.
the amount of energy necessary to jumpstart the nucleation of the first defect, was relatively low.
while cutting energy consumption by 92 percent. Nanofibers-polymer filaments only a couple of hundred nanometers in diameter have a huge range of potential applications, from solar cells to water filtration to fuel cells.
But so far, their high cost of manufacture has relegated them to just a few niche industries.
while reducing energy consumption by more than 90 percent, holding out the prospect of cheap, efficient nanofiber production. e have demonstrated a systematic way to produce nanofibers through electrospinning that surpasses the state of the art,
that actuate, that exchange energy between different domains, like solar to electrical or mechanical. We have something that naturally fits into that picture.
where you would be able to individually control each emitter to print deposits of nanofibers. angled talenanofibers are useful for any application that benefits from a high ratio of surface area to volume solar cells, for instance,
or fuel cell electrodes, which catalyze reactions at their surfaces. Nanofibers can also yield materials that are permeable only at very small scales, like water filters,
while cutting energy consumption by 92 percent. Nanofibers-polymer filaments only a couple of hundred nanometers in diameter have a huge range of potential applications, from solar cells to water filtration to fuel cells.
But so far, their high cost of manufacture has relegated them to just a few niche industries.
while reducing energy consumption by more than 90 percent, holding out the prospect of cheap, efficient nanofiber production. e have demonstrated a systematic way to produce nanofibers through electrospinning that surpasses the state of the art,
that actuate, that exchange energy between different domains, like solar to electrical or mechanical. We have something that naturally fits into that picture.
where you would be able to individually control each emitter to print deposits of nanofibers. angled talenanofibers are useful for any application that benefits from a high ratio of surface area to volume solar cells, for instance,
or fuel cell electrodes, which catalyze reactions at their surfaces. Nanofibers can also yield materials that are permeable only at very small scales, like water filters,
what is essentially the world's thinnest light bulb, "says Hone, Wang Fon-Jen Professor of Mechanical engineering at Columbia Engineering and co-author of the study."
This is primarily because light bulb filaments must be extremely hothousands of degrees Celsiusn order to glow in the visible range
so that less energy is needed to attain temperatures needed for visible light emission, Myung-Ho Bae, a senior researcher at KRISS and co-lead author,
dison originally used carbon as a filament for his light bulb and here we are going back to the same element,
#Chemists devise technology that could transform solar energy storage The materials in most of today's residential rooftop solar panels can store energy from the sun for only a few microseconds at a time.
A new technology developed by chemists at UCLA is capable of storing solar energy for up to several weeks-an advance that could change the way scientists think about designing solar cells.
The new design is inspired by the way that plants generate energy through photosynthesis. iology does a very good job of creating energy from sunlight
To capture energy from sunlight, conventional rooftop solar cells use silicon, a fairly expensive material. There is currently a big push to make lower-cost solar cells using plastics
rather than silicon, but today plastic solar cells are relatively inefficient, in large part because the separated positive and negative electric charges often recombine before they can become electrical energy. odern plastic solar cells don have well-defined structures like plants do
because we never knew how to make them before, Tolbert said. ut this new system pulls charges apart
and keeps them separated for days, or even weeks. Once you make the right structure,
you can vastly improve the retention of energy. The two components that make the UCLA-developed system work are a polymer donor and a nanoscale fullerene acceptor.
the process generates electrical energy. The plastic materials, called organic photovoltaics, are organized typically like a plate of cooked pasta a disorganized mass of long, skinny polymer paghettiwith random fullerene eatballs.
But this arrangement makes it difficult to get current out of the cell because the electrons sometimes hop back to the polymer spaghetti
The researchers are already working on how to incorporate the technology into actual solar cells. Yves Rubin, a UCLA professor of chemistry and another senior co-author of the study,
#Chemists devise technology that could transform solar energy storage The materials in most of today's residential rooftop solar panels can store energy from the sun for only a few microseconds at a time.
A new technology developed by chemists at UCLA is capable of storing solar energy for up to several weeks-an advance that could change the way scientists think about designing solar cells.
The new design is inspired by the way that plants generate energy through photosynthesis. iology does a very good job of creating energy from sunlight
To capture energy from sunlight, conventional rooftop solar cells use silicon, a fairly expensive material. There is currently a big push to make lower-cost solar cells using plastics
rather than silicon, but today plastic solar cells are relatively inefficient, in large part because the separated positive and negative electric charges often recombine before they can become electrical energy. odern plastic solar cells don have well-defined structures like plants do
because we never knew how to make them before, Tolbert said. ut this new system pulls charges apart
and keeps them separated for days, or even weeks. Once you make the right structure,
you can vastly improve the retention of energy. The two components that make the UCLA-developed system work are a polymer donor and a nanoscale fullerene acceptor.
the process generates electrical energy. The plastic materials, called organic photovoltaics, are organized typically like a plate of cooked pasta a disorganized mass of long, skinny polymer paghettiwith random fullerene eatballs.
But this arrangement makes it difficult to get current out of the cell because the electrons sometimes hop back to the polymer spaghetti
The researchers are already working on how to incorporate the technology into actual solar cells. Yves Rubin, a UCLA professor of chemistry and another senior co-author of the study,
This method demands less energy and is cheaper, and the synthesized materials have some incredible new properties.
batteries, fuel cells, and other major energy technologies.""We tracked the dynamic transformations of a working catalyst,
including single atoms and larger structures, during an active reaction at room temperature,"said study coauthor and Brookhaven Lab scientist Eric Stach."
To prove the efficacy of this new mosquito-sized reaction chamber-called a micro-reactor-the scientists tracked the performance of a platinum catalyst during the conversion of ethylene to ethane, a model reaction relevant to many industrial synthesis processes.
low-pressure vacuum-but the micro-reactor allowed the TEM to operate in the presence of an atmosphere of reactive gases."
"But with the micro-reactor, some signals were too small to detect. Particles smaller than a single nanometer were hidden behind
and deposits energy as it passes through the micro-reactor. The sample then emits secondary x-rays,
"Versatile micro-reactorthe new micro-reactor was designed specifically and built to work seamlessly with both synchrotron x-rays and electron microscopes."
"Brighter, faster experimentsthe collaboration has extended already this operando micro-reactor approach to incorporate two additional techniques-infrared
but other new micro-reactors can operate at up to 800 degrees Celsius-more than hot enough for most catalytic reactions
In the near future, this same micro-reactor approach will be used to explore other crucial energy frontiers,
including batteries and fuel cells.""We are seeing the emergence of a very powerful and versatile technique that leverages both NSLS-II
who was named recently Special Assistant for Operando Experimentation for Brookhaven's Energy Sciences Directorate.""This approach complements the many facilities being developed at Brookhaven Lab for operando energy research.
Our goal is to be world leaders in operando science.""Image: Series of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images of platinum nanoparticles, tracking their changes under different atmospheric pressure reaction conditions.
To accomplish this, traditional solar panels can be used to generate an electrical current that splits water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen,
However, the cost of producing efficient solar panels makes water-splitting technologies too expensive to commercialize.
unconventional method to fabricate high-quality, efficient solar panels for direct solar hydrogen production with low cost. The work is published in Nature Communications.
However, harvesting usable amounts of solar energy requires large areas of solar panels, and it is notoriously difficult and expensive to fabricate thin films of 2-D materials at such a scale
which is much less expensive than a traditional solar panel. The thin film produced like this was tested
this represents an important advance towards economical solar-to-fuel energy conversion
#A stretchy mesh heater for sore muscles If you suffer from chronic muscle pain a doctor will likely recommend for you to apply heat to the injury.
and is powered battery so it doesn't need an outlet. Beyond thermotherapy the applications are endless.
For the first time, Harvard researchers have created similar wakes of light-like waves moving on a metallic surface, called surface plasmons,
"The creation and control of surface plasmon wakes could lead to new types of plasmonic couplers
Surface plasmons are confined to the surface of a metal. In order to create wakes through them, Capasso's team designed a faster-than-light running wave of charge along a one-dimensional metamaterialike a powerboat speeding across a lake.
The metamaterial, a nanostructure of rotated slits etched into a gold film, changes the phase of the surface plasmons generated at each slit relative to each other
The team discovered that the angle of incidence of the light shining onto the metamaterial provides an additional measure of control
as"surface plasmons are not visible to the eye or cameras,"said co-lead author Antonio Ambrosio of SEAS and the Italian Research Council (CNR)."
we used an experimental technique that forces plasmons from the surface, collects them via fiber optics and records the image."
An artistic rendition of the superluminal running wave of charge that excites the surface plasmon wakes.
and would also lead to a considerable reduction in energy usage. According to an American study, approximately half the energy required to run computer servers,
is used for cooling purposes alone. A couple of years ago, a research team led by Johan Liu, professor at Chalmers University of Technology, were the first to show that graphene can have a cooling effect on silicon-based electronics.
and energy engineering at University of Colorado Boulder.""We tried to engineer the implant to meet some of neurosciences greatest unmet needs."
At its most basic level, your smart phone's battery is powering billions of transistors using electrons to flip on and off billions of times per second.
they are too energy-hungry and unwieldy to integrate into computer chips. Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source.
Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon. The plasmon creates an intense electromagnetic field between the silver nanocube
and a thin sheet of gold placed a mere 20 atoms away. This field interacts with quantum dotspheres of semiconducting material just six nanometers widehat are sandwiched in between the nanocube and the gold.
At its most basic level, your smart phone's battery is powering billions of transistors using electrons to flip on and off billions of times per second.
they are too energy-hungry and unwieldy to integrate into computer chips. Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source.
Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon. The plasmon creates an intense electromagnetic field between the silver nanocube
and a thin sheet of gold placed a mere 20 atoms away. This field interacts with quantum dotspheres of semiconducting material just six nanometers widehat are sandwiched in between the nanocube and the gold.
#Reshaping the solar spectrum to turn light to electricity Researchers find a way to use the infrared region of the sun's spectrum to make solar cells more efficient.
When it comes to installing solar cells, labor cost and the cost of the land to house them constitute the bulk of the expense.
The solar cells made often of silicon or cadmium telluride rarely cost more than 20 percent of the total cost.
if less land had to be purchased to accommodate solar panels, best achieved if each solar cell could be coaxed to generate more power.
A huge gain in this direction has now been made by a team of chemists at the University of California
spectrum passes right through the photovoltaic materials that make up today solar cells, explained Christopher Bardeen, a professor of chemistry.
an assistant professor of chemistry. his is lost energy, no matter how good your solar cell. The hybrid material we have come up with first captures two infrared photons that would normally pass right through a solar cell without being converted to electricity,
then adds their energies together to make one higher energy photon. This upconverted photon is absorbed readily by photovoltaic cells,
generating electricity from light that normally would be wasted. ardeen added that these materials are essentially eshaping the solar spectrumso that it better matches the photovoltaic materials used today in solar cells.
The ability to utilize the infrared portion of the solar spectrum could boost solar photovoltaic efficiencies by 30 percent or more.
In their experiments, Bardeen and Tang worked with cadmium selenide and lead selenide semiconductor nanocrystals.
almost doubling the energy of the incoming photons. The researchers were able to boost the upconversion process by up to three orders of magnitude by coating the cadmium selenide nanocrystals with organic ligands,
providing a route to higher efficiencies. his 550-nanometer light can be absorbed by any solar cell material,
the inorganic component absorbs two photons and passes their energy on to the organic component for combination.
The organic compounds then produce one high-energy photon. Put simply, the inorganics in the composite material take light in;
#Reshaping the solar spectrum to turn light to electricity Researchers find a way to use the infrared region of the sun's spectrum to make solar cells more efficient.
When it comes to installing solar cells, labor cost and the cost of the land to house them constitute the bulk of the expense.
The solar cells made often of silicon or cadmium telluride rarely cost more than 20 percent of the total cost.
if less land had to be purchased to accommodate solar panels, best achieved if each solar cell could be coaxed to generate more power.
A huge gain in this direction has now been made by a team of chemists at the University of California
spectrum passes right through the photovoltaic materials that make up today solar cells, explained Christopher Bardeen, a professor of chemistry.
an assistant professor of chemistry. his is lost energy, no matter how good your solar cell. The hybrid material we have come up with first captures two infrared photons that would normally pass right through a solar cell without being converted to electricity,
then adds their energies together to make one higher energy photon. This upconverted photon is absorbed readily by photovoltaic cells,
generating electricity from light that normally would be wasted. ardeen added that these materials are essentially eshaping the solar spectrumso that it better matches the photovoltaic materials used today in solar cells.
The ability to utilize the infrared portion of the solar spectrum could boost solar photovoltaic efficiencies by 30 percent or more.
In their experiments, Bardeen and Tang worked with cadmium selenide and lead selenide semiconductor nanocrystals.
almost doubling the energy of the incoming photons. The researchers were able to boost the upconversion process by up to three orders of magnitude by coating the cadmium selenide nanocrystals with organic ligands,
providing a route to higher efficiencies. his 550-nanometer light can be absorbed by any solar cell material,
the inorganic component absorbs two photons and passes their energy on to the organic component for combination.
The organic compounds then produce one high-energy photon. Put simply, the inorganics in the composite material take light in;
Cun-Zheng Ning, professor in the School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, authored the paper, monolithic white laser, with his doctoral students Fan Fan, Sunay Turkdogan, Zhicheng Liu
green or redthat is determined by a unique atomic structure and energy bandgap. The attice constantrepresents the distance between the atoms.
and energy bandgaps. ur goal is to achieve a single semiconductor piece capable of laser operation in the three fundamental lasing colors.
Six years ago, under U s army Research Office funding, they demonstrated that one could indeed grow nanowire materials in a wide range of energy bandgaps
proved to be a greater challenge with its wide energy bandgap and very different material properties. e have struggled for almost two years to grow blue emitting materials in nanosheet form,
One of crucial next steps is to achieve the similar white lasers under the drive of a battery.
speed and energy efficiency that will make even our beefiest conventional machines seem like Stone age clunkers by comparison.
Qubits in the grid are responsible for safeguarding the information contained in their neighbors, he explained,
Researchers from Dresden and Jlich use microwaves to read out information from smallest storage devices March 4th,
March 5th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers Energy-generating cloth could replace batteries in wearable devices March 4th,
Researchers from Dresden and Jlich use microwaves to read out information from smallest storage devices March 4th, 2015nanosorbents Increase Extraction, Recycling of Silver from Aqueous solutions March 4th, 201 1
#XEI Scientific and University of Southern California announce a publication in Advanced Materials on the use of downstream plasma cleaning The research team of Associate professor Stephen Cronin is located in the Ming Hseih Department of Electrical engineering
The paper describes how gentle oxygen plasma treatment produces direct bandgap transition in many-layer Mos2.*
*The authors (Rohan Dhall et al) chose to use the XEI Evactron Soft Clean plasma cleaner for the process.
Here, the plasma is generated by flowing room air past an electrode supplied with 20 W of RF power at 200 mtorr.
Samples are placed 6-10 cm away from the plasma source. Ionized oxygen atoms diffuse towards the sample chamber with low kinetic energies.
Samples were exposed to the O2 plasma for about three minutes. While typical plasma cleaners used in semiconductor fabrication operate using a"sputtering"mechanism where the sample is bombarded with ions carrying significant kinetic energy
remote plasma cleaners rely mainly on the chemical reactivity of the ionized oxygen to remove surface contaminants.
Analytical techniques including photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) are used to follow the effects of the plasma treatments on a range of samples having different numbers of layers.
The authors successfully demonstrate the generation of an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition in many-layer Mos2 through the use of an easy to use, scalable oxygen induced plasma process.
The direct gap semiconductor show a significantly enhanced PL emission due to the efficient absorption of light in direct gap materials
crucial for application in optoelectronic devices. XEI has sold now more than 2000 Evactron systems worldwide solving contamination problems in many different environments using high vacuum including electron microscopes, FIBS and other vacuum sample chambers.
A new technique invented at Caltech to produce graphene--a material made up of an atom-thick layer of carbon--at room temperature could help pave the way for commercially feasible graphene-based solar cells and light-emitting diodes, large-panel displays, and flexible electronics."
which is important for calculating the amount of energy a single particle of light, or photon, Boyd wondered
The solution Boyd hit upon was to use a system first developed in the 1960s to generate a hydrogen plasma--that is
The team thinks one reason their technique is so efficient is that a chemical reaction between the hydrogen plasma
But graphene growth with the plasma technique is more orderly. The graphene deposits form lines that then grow into a seamless sheet,
A scaled-up version of their plasma technique could open the door for new kinds of electronics manufacturing,
Another possibility would be to grow large sheets of graphene that can be used as a transparent conducting electrode for solar cells and display panels."
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015graphene Graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th,
2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells: Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th,
2015display technology/LEDS/SS Lighting/OLEDS Engineers create chameleon-like artificial'skin'that shifts color on demand March 12th, 2015breakthrough in OLED technology March 2nd,
2015new nanowire structure absorbs light efficiently: Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th, 2015qd Vision Named Edison Award Finalist for Innovative Color IQ Quantum dot Technology
February 23rd, 2015flexible Electronics Breakthrough in OLED technology March 2nd, 2015discoveries 30 years after C60: Fullerene chemistry with silicon:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015announcements 30 years after C60:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers 30 years after C60:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015energy Graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th, 2015drexel Univ. materials research could unlock potential of lithium-sulfur batteries March 17th,
2015research partnerships FEI Joins University of Ulm and CEOS on SALVE Project Research Collaboration: The Sub-ngstrm Low Voltage Electron (SALVE) microscope should improve contrast
and reduce damage on biomolecules and two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as graphene March 18th, 2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th,
2015drexel Univ. materials research could unlock potential of lithium-sulfur batteries March 17th, 2015symmetry matters in graphene growth:
Rice researchers find subtle interactions with substrate may lead to better control March 16th, 2015solar/Photovoltaic Clean energy future:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015a new method for making perovskite solar cells March 16th, 2015uc research partnership explores how to best harness solar power March 2nd,
2015researchers enable solar cells to use more sunlight February 25th, 201 2
#Rice fine-tunes quantum dots from coal: Rice university scientists gain control of electronic, fluorescent properties of coal-based graphene Abstract:
Graphene quantum dots made from coal, introduced in 2013 by the Rice university lab of chemist James Tour,
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015govt.
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015drexel Univ. materials research could unlock potential of lithium-sulfur batteries March 17th, 2015chip Technology 30 years after C60:
Fullerene chemistry with silicon: A long strived-for silicon dodecahedron synthesised at room temperature March 18th, 2015symmetry matters in graphene growth:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015materials/Metamaterials Drexel Univ. materials research could unlock potential of lithium-sulfur batteries March 17th, 2015four Scientists
With Major Contributions to Research at Brookhaven Lab Named American Physical Society Fellows March 17th, 2015maps predict strength of structures:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers 30 years after C60:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015military Data structures influence speed of quantum search in unexpected ways:
They discharged a very small current between the electrodes to create a spatial map of the underlying tissue based upon the flow of electricity at different frequencies, a technique called impedance spectroscopy.
Controlling particles with light and microfibers March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells: Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th, 2015news and information 30 years after C60:
Fullerene chemistry with silicon: A long strived-for silicon dodecahedron synthesised at room temperature March 18th, 2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015govt. -Legislation/Regulation/Funding/Policy Los alamos Offers New Insights Into Radiation Damage Evolution:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015drexel Univ. materials research could unlock potential of lithium-sulfur batteries March 17th,
2015nanomedicine Nanobiotix appoints its Manufacturing Partner, Cordenpharma: another step towards commercialization: New manufacturing unit increases production capacity 25 fold March 18th, 2015predicting prostate cancer:
2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future: New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th, 2015announcements 30 years after C60:
Fullerene chemistry with silicon: A long strived-for silicon dodecahedron synthesised at room temperature March 18th, 2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th, 2015interviews/Book reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers 30 years after C60:
Fullerene chemistry with silicon: A long strived-for silicon dodecahedron synthesised at room temperature March 18th, 2015graphene'gateway'discovery opens possibilities for improved energy technologies March 18th, 2015clean energy future:
New cheap and efficient electrode for splitting water March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th, 201 2
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