because wee hit the limit for how fast electrons can travel between the processor and the memory."
"There no point using faster processors if the limiting factor is the shuttling of information to-and-from the memory-the so-called Von-neumann bottleneck,"one of the researchers,
"It stores data using the same material that found in rewritable CDS and DVDS-a phase-change alloy of germanium-antimony-tellurium known as GST."
and solid state, this magnet material displays physical phase transitions when gradually cooled right down to almost freezing."
because it displays properties that have yet to be found in nature, the complex nanomagnet structure has the potential to provide new methods of information transfer and memory storage,
which means they now have the ability to build the world's first quantum processor chip and, eventually, the first silicon-based quantum computer.
we believe it will be much easier to manufacture a full-scale processor chip than for any of the leading designs,
and painless way to screen for the disease. We've seen the idea of a breathalyser being used to detect different types of cancer before,
the researchers tested for the first time to pre-treat undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells with mitomycin C a drug already prescribed to treat cancer.
#One dollar blood test using gold nanoparticles outperforms PSA screen for prostate cancer, study suggests The simple test developed by University of Central Florida scientist Qun"Treen"Huo holds the promise of earlier detection of one of the deadliest cancers among men.
and metal-free catalysts can reduce cost while improving performance,"said Liming Dai, professor of macromolecular science and engineering at Case Western Reserve University and senior author of the study."
or surpassed that of expensive platinum/metal oxide-based catalysts. And, it had better long-term stability.
or outperformed most previously reported metal-free catalysts, even recently developed carbon-based catalysts with metals.
Moving forward, Dai's team has begun to further optimize the process while also investigating other graphitic carbon materials co-doped with different elements for possible use in other energy and environmental technologies.
Dai's lab previously developed carbon-based catalysts that perform comparably or better than more expensive metal-based catalysts used in alkaline and acidic fuel cells and in dye-sensitized solar cells."
"Maybe it's time to push for metal-free catalysts in commercial devices, "Dai said d
#Just hit'print':'Office inkjet printer could produce simple tool to identify infectious disease, food contaminants Consumers are one step closer to benefiting from packaging that could give simple text warnings
when food is contaminated with deadly pathogens like E coli and Salmonella, and patients could soon receive real-time diagnoses of infections such as C. difficile right in their doctors'offices,
"researchers can now use conventional office ink jet-printers printers to print human-made DNA molecules with very high molecular weight on paper, much like printing a letter in an office.
The paper sensor emerges from the printer ready to use, like ph paper. The implications are significant,
Unlike conventional computers that store data on transistors and hard drives, quantum computers encode data in the quantum states of microscopic objects called qubits.
and are enabling new technologies like flexible displays in mobile phone, wearable electronics, and the Internet of things (Iots).
and DNA markers of other disease catalysts, including infectious agents and allergens; 2) integrate the software with larger databases;
"says Chris Chang, an expert in catalysts for carbon-neutral energy conversions.""In our system, nanowires harvest solar energy and deliver electrons to bacteria,
the researchers reproduced the hyperexcitability of epileptic neurons in mouse brains in vitro. They then injected GABA,
"Single molecules are currently the smallest imaginable components capable of being integrated into a processor.""Scientists have succeed yet to in tailoring a molecule
a multi-institutional team used a new discovery approach to identify drugs that could activate mouse
--and saw the medication prompt a similar response as seen in the mouse cells. Both medications worked well,
"We have pioneered technologies that enable us to generate both mouse and human OPCS in our laboratory,"said Fadi Najm, MBA, the first author of the study and Research Scientist in the Department of Genetics & Genome Sciences at the Case Western Reserve School of medicine."
which can be used as catalysts in biorefineries--say, in the production of biofuels--have been produced in the reactor.
Following synthesis, magnets used as catalysts can be gathered efficiently in and recycled back into the process.
include high permeability polymers, nanomagnets for medical diagnostics applications, materials for the 3d printing of metal articles,
and could be connected through a USB port for current systems, or incorporated into the next generation of laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
The capacity for printing silicon ink onto substrates has existed for some time, but necessitated a 350 C thermal annealing step--far too hot for many of the flexible surfaces that made production appealing in the first place.
Then we annealed the layer with an excimer laser a conventional tool used for manufacturing smartphone displays.
The most immediate application of this printing capacity is in wearable electronics as it allows for the production of fast, low-power and flexible transistors at a remarkably low cost.
and isolating tooth stem cells by working on the pulp from the mouse molar. The researchers were
"By studying mouse models, we first showed this gene is essential for the survival of neurons
and mouse fibroblast cells (cells involved in wound healing) on flat graphene sheets and on wrinkled ones.
Sixteen of the gold atoms form the molecule's core; the remainder bond with the sulfur
and hydrogen to form a protective coating that stems from the core. Differences in atomic arrangements can alter molecular energy and stability,
The structure of the molecule's gold core was previously detailed by the Stanford team.
and sulfur-hydrogen pairs surrounding the core. The researchers already knew that the atomic coating features staple-shaped linkages of various lengths.
By combining this information with their knowledge of how many atoms reside outside the core the team reduced the number of potential arrangements from millions to mere hundreds."
During each trial, participants were shown a series of five images one at a time on a computer screen. Over the course of the task, some images appeared multiple times,
has developed a system that allows people to vote by employing independent hardware devices in conjunction with their PCS.
'This is currently the only piece of work that addresses a core problem of e-voting--namely, that someone may have viruses or other malware on their computer.
But exercise stress testing is inappropriate for diagnosis in hemodialysis patients who have multiple complications including muscle weakness, osteoporosis and peripheral arterial disease."
But exercise stress testing is inappropriate for diagnosis in hemodialysis patients who have multiple complications including muscle weakness, osteoporosis and peripheral arterial disease."
rather than sit in front of a monitor and play, you are in your backyard actually running around with other players,
but it will eventually run on the phone's internal processor. To further develop this technology, Humphreys and his students recently co-founded a startup,
"The experiments The experiments involved monkeys that were trained to reach for either of two targets on a computer screen.
while two jittering targets were positioned on either side of a computer screen. Colored barriers on the screen created a simple maze.
When the targets stopped jittering the monkeys were trained to move to one or the other target by sweeping his fingertip through the maze until he touched one of the targets.
During the experiments, 192 electrodes in each monkey's motor and premotor cortex began measuring brain activity the moment that the targets appeared on screen.
"This deeper understanding of decision-making will help researchers to fine-tune the control algorithms of neural prostheses to enable people with paralysis to drive a brain-controlled prosthetic arm or guide a neurally-activated cursor on a computer screen.
The sensor monitors ethanol emitted from the spoilage of foods into the headspace of a package.
The sensor and the RFID tag can be manufactured using printing techniques into a label or sticker and be attached easily to a food package.
but this is the first device that combines the imaging technology with hardware and software automation to create a complete diagnostic solution,
The base includes LED LIGHTS, microcontrollers, gears, circuitry and a USB port. Control of the device is automated through an app the researchers developed for this purpose.
With a single touch of the screen by the healthcare worker, the phone communicates wirelessly via Bluetooth to controllers in the base to process
The worm count is displayed then on the screen. Fletcher said previous field tests revealed that automation helped reduce the rate of human error.
starting from the time the sample is inserted to the display of the results. Pricking a finger
These'organoid'cultures are amenable to large-scale drug screens for the detection of genetic changes associated with drug sensitivity
The bio-ink is then optimised for 3d printing, and developed for use in a standard cell culturing facility without the need for expensive bioprinting equipment.
"This study highlights the importance of integrating advances in 3d printing, with those in materials science, to realise a biological outcome,
"This paves the way for the use of more sophisticated printers to create structures with much finer resolution."
paving the way for high-density storage to move from hard disks onto integrated circuits. The advance, to be reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
These include a computer's hard disk drive where data are stored, and the various kinds of random-access memory,
or RAM, on the integrated circuits of the central processing unit, or CPU, where calculations and logic operations are performed.
A large portion of the energy used in computing is spent on transferring data from one type of memory to another.
The rats were asked to choose between two identical visual shapes by pressing their nose against one of them on a touchscreen (similar to an ipad
what are called"core-shell"and"yolk-shell"nanoparticles. The former have a shell that is bonded directly to the core,
but yolk-shell particles feature a void between the two--equivalent to where the white of an egg would be.
the aluminum core continuously shrinks to become a 30-nm-across"yolk,,"which shows that small ions can get through the shell.
"Moreover, most functional screens are carried out in mouse ESCS. The only functional screen on human ESCS was published in 2010 from our laboratory at the GIS.
This latest study was performed also on human ESCS, making it more clinically relevant than studies using mouse ESCS."
"Co-lead author Research Fellow Dr Liang Hongqing at GIS'Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology added,
#New research may enhance display, LED lighting technology Recently, quantum dots (QDS)--nano-sized semiconductor particles that produce bright, sharp,
They then used electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing technology to precisely print the QD-embedded polymers onto photonic crystal structures.
and more efficient displays.""Since screens consume large amounts of energy in devices like laptops, phones,
and tablets, our approach could have a huge impact on energy consumption and battery life, "she noted."
because the display would only draw half as much power as conventional displays.""To demonstrate the technology,
and evaluated the penetration capability by using mouse brains in vitro/in vivo. In addition, as an actual needle application, we demonstrated fluorescenctce particle depth injection into the brain in vivo,
if other camera hardware is used, the mathematical framework developed by the team can compute energy-efficient codes that optimize the amount of energy that reaches the camera.
"The study links a family of enzymes--molecules that act as biological catalysts--known as polyketide synthases (PKS) directly to a complex series of chemical reactions that ultimately add sulfur to leinamycin, a member of the polyketide family of natural products."
rather than just relying on traditional chemical screens, "says Hubbard, an assistant professor of pharmacology in the University of Alberta's Faculty of medicine & Dentistry."
If the core of a nuclear reactor gets too hot, bubbles in the cooling water can suddenly coalesce to form a vapor film that limits further heat transfer
#Fiber-like light emitting diodes for wearable displays A research team at Korea Advanced Institute of Science
and Technology (KAIST) has developed fiber-like light emitting diodes, applicable to wearable displays. Professor Kyung-Cheol Choi and his research team from the School of Electrical engineering at KAIST have developed fiber-like light emitting diodes,
which can be applied in wearable displays. The research findings were published online in the July 14th issue of Advanced Electronic Materials.
Traditional wearable displays were manufactured on a hard substrate, which is attached later to the surface of clothes.
Such technique has posed limitations in applying it for wearable displays because inflexible displays were not adequate in practice,
and the characteristics of fabric were ignored. For a solution, the research team discarded the tradition of creating light emitting displays on a plane board.
Instead, they focused on fibers, a component of fabrics, and developed a fiber-like light emitting diode that has the characteristics of both fabrics and displays.
The essence of this technology, the dip coating process, is to immerse and extract a three dimensional (3-D) board that looks like a thread in a solution.
The researchers said that this technology would accelerate the commercialization of fiber based wearable displays
"Our research will become a core technology in developing light emitting diodes on fibers, which are fundamental elements of fabrics.
we can lower the barrier of wearable displays to enter the market.""The first author of the published paper, Seon-Il Kwon, added,
"This technology will eventually allow the production of wearable displays to be as easily as making clothes
and their design was done traditionally by manufacturing but now, with 3d printing, computer manufacturing and more laser technology,
and expensive mouse avatars that are created by injecting human tumor cells into mice.""This is really the first time that it's been demonstrated that you can use a rapid methodology like this to spatially define cancer cells and macrophages,
What sets the team's model apart from mouse avatars and hard plastic plates is that it can replicate much more accurately the sizes and shapes of the microenvironment within the patient's problem area.
Another key advance is the use of active, inexpensive catalysts for fuel production. The photoanode requires a catalyst to drive the essential water-splitting reaction.
Rare and expensive metals such as platinum can serve as effective catalysts, but in its work the team discovered that it could create a much cheaper,
This catalyst is among the most active known catalysts for splitting water molecules into oxygen
At its core, however, is a rule known as Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. This states that in any situation in which a particle has linked two properties,
#DNA-guided 3-D printing of human tissue is unveiled Arraythere are few limits to the tissues this technology can mimic,
showing that samples of brain tissue from two human MSA patients were able to transmit the disease to a mouse model for Parkinson's disease,
and that infected mouse brain tissue could itself spread the disease to other mice. The discovery that alpha-synuclein prions can transmit MSA raises a public health concern about treatments
in contrast to the 120 days it takes for the disease to spread to mouse models."
"You have to let the mouse models develop for such a long time that research on cures is really slow to progress.
such as smart watches, fitness trackers and health monitors. All of these devices will need to communicate information with each other.
and display the correct English word for the gesture. As Jafari continues to develop the technology,
he says his team will look to incorporate all of these functions into one wearable device by combining the hardware and reducing the overall size of the required electronics.
so that he or she can understand what is being signed simply by reading the screen of their own device.
what are called CRISPR libraries instead of RNAI screens.""This is a major finding with translational implications for this infection that causes so many deaths worldwide,
and Shtein how to create them in paper using a plotter cutter. Lamoureux then made more precise patterns in Kapton,
One purpose of this experiment was to show we could integrate bacterial catalysts with semiconductor technology.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
One purpose of this experiment was to show we could integrate bacterial catalysts with semiconductor technology.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
according to the Active Bacterial Core surveillance report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
By combining Scales with Abscale--a variation for immunolabeling--and Chemscale--a variation for fluorescent chemical compounds--they generated multicolor high-resolution 3d images of amyloid beta plaques in older mice from a genetic mouse
As well as offering new opportunities for industry, it will stimulate the search for even better basic catalysts
Now, a team led by Wyss Institute Core Faculty member David Mooney, Ph d.,has developed a new strategy--embedding stem cells into porous,
#Building the electron superhighway TV screens that roll up. Roofing tiles that double as solar panels. Sun powered cell phone chargers woven into the fabric of backpacks.
In addition to Kang and Lerner, authors of the study,"Regulation of NKT cell-mediated immune responses to tumours and liver inflammation by mitochondrial PGAM5-Drp1 signaling,"were Bo-Ram Bang, Kyung Ho Han
The oviductosomes from a female mouse were labeled pre with a fluorescent dye and incubated together with the sperm.
Advanced 3d printing methods may now be the solution. In a new study, published today in the journal Advanced Functional Materials,
and 3d printing techniques to create a custom silicone guide implanted with biochemical cues to help nerve regeneration.
custom-built 3d printer to print a guide for regeneration. Incorporated into the guide were printed 3d chemical cues to promote both motor and sensory nerve regeneration.
"This represents an important proof of concept of the 3d printing of custom nerve guides for the regeneration of complex nerve injuries,
and printer right at the hospital to create custom nerve guides right on site to restore nerve function."
and functional materials 3d printing is revolutionizing the production of lightweight structures, soft robots and flexible electronics,
a 3d printer must be able to seamlessly transition from a flexible material that moves with your joints for wearable applications,
and properties within printed objects is the next frontier in 3d printing. Towards this objective, Harvard researchers have designed new multimaterial printheads that mix
and print concentrated viscoelastic inks that allow for the simultaneous control of composition and geometry during printing.
The research was led by Jennifer A. Lewis, the Hansjörg Wyss Professor of Biologically Inspired Engineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) and a Core Faculty member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
and Lewis."Together, these active mixing and switching printheads provide an important advance for multimaterial 3d printing,
This is a crucial step in creating a new generation of foldable electronics--think a flat-screen television that can be rolled up for easy portability--and implantable medical devices.
The researchers used mouse embryonic fibroblast cells to determine biocompatibility; that, along with the fact that the stretchability of gold nanomesh on a slippery substrate resembles the bioenvironment of tissue
and totally redesigned its core to repurpose its infectious capabilities into a safe vehicle for delivering vaccines
a particularly complex BMC that requires a series of protein-protein interactions involving at least six gene products to form a metabolic core that takes CO2 out of the atmosphere and converts it into sugar.
a two-drug combination discovered by UF Health researchers that inhibits tumors and kills cancer cells in mouse models.
Researchers then tested its effectiveness on human pancreatic cells that had been implanted in mouse models. Daily doses of the compound reduced tumor volume by about 50 percent after 25 days, they found.
In testing on two mouse cell lines, the drug combination reduced the viability of cancer cells by about 50 percent
Electronic exchange of data between processors and the memory limits the speed of modern computers.
it is not sufficient to optically connect memory and processor, as the optical signals have to be converted into electric signals again.
but also with latest processors,"Professor Harish Bhaskaran of Oxford university adds. The new memory can store data for decades even
Against the backdrop of healthy mouse tissue, rogue metastatic cells from the human tumor stick out like flares.
The researchers developed a new method using flow cytometry that let them capture individual human metastatic cancer cells traveling through the mouse's blood
Whereas 44 percent of control mice (11 of 25) developed secondary tumors within four weeks, researchers could only find metastatic cells in one drug-treated mouse (4 percent.
The respondent is shown an object (for example, a dog) on a computer screen, and the second participant,
With the click of a mouse, the inquirer sends a question and the respondent answers"yes"or"no"by focusing on one of two flashing LED LIGHTS attached to the monitor,
which flash at different frequencies. A"no"or"yes"answer both send a signal to the inquirer via the Internet
or by the brain signal transmission being interrupted by hardware problems.""While the flashing lights are signals that we're putting into the brain,
Traditional perovskites are typically metal-oxide materials that display a wide range of fascinating electromagnetic properties,
we believe it will be much easier to manufacture a full-scale processor chip than for any of the leading designs,
"He said that a key next step for the project is to identify the right industry partners to work with to manufacture the full-scale quantum processor chip.
Such a full-scale quantum processor would have major applications in the finance, security and healthcare sectors, allowing the identification
Virginia--a liquid-cooled FPGA was operated using a custom processor architecture provided by Altera. With a water inlet temperature of approximately 20 degrees Celsius and an inlet flow rate of 147 milliliters per minute
However, the same technology could also be used to cool CPUS, GPUS and other devices such as power amplifiers,
Preclinical studies using mouse models of bladder cancer have demonstrated the efficacy of the mycobacterium M. brumae in the treatment of this disease.
and represent it on a computer screen. In this article, Inserm researchers, using MRI, have succeeded in detecting natural shear waves in the brain using computational techniques borrowed from seismologists and known as"noise correlation."
#New graphene based inks for high-speed manufacturing of printed electronics A low-cost, high-speed method for printing graphene inks using a conventional roll-to-roll printing process,
the first time that graphene has been used for printing on a large-scale commercial printing press at high speed.
"Being able to produce conductive inks that could effortlessly be used for printing at a commercial scale at a very high speed will open up all kinds of different applications for graphene and other similar materials.""
which is in line with commercial production rates for graphics printing, and far faster than earlier prototypes.
it could also initiate entirely new business opportunities for commercial graphics printers, who could diversify into the electronics sector."
and the Cambridge area in particular, has always been strong in the printing sector, but mostly for graphics printing and packaging,"said Hasan, a Royal Academy of Engineering Research Fellow and a University Lecturer in the Engineering Department."
"We hope to use this strong local expertise to expand our functional ink platform. In addition to cheaper printable electronics, this technology opens up potential application areas such as smart packaging and disposable sensors,
Interestingly, a subsequent challenge with a lethal strain of mouse malaria parasite in these vaccinated animals showed considerable protection against malaria.
reflectors, and USB detectors, combined with the all-plastic housing and lenses will allow for future versions of the prototype to be mass-produced d
and Ear/Harvard Medical school and Boston University have shown successfully neuroprotection in a Parkinson's mouse model using new techniques to deliver drugs across the naturally impenetrable blood-brain barrier.
In mouse models of human glioblastoma, one molecule they found shrank the average tumor size by half.
The most effective of these candidate drug molecules, called SKOG102, shrank human glioblastoma tumors grown in mouse models by an average of 50 percent."
The discovery of magnetoresistance paved the way for magnetic field sensors used in hard disk drives and other devices,
We found that a bilayer structure of graphene and boron nitride displays an extremely large response with magnetic fields.
and finding applications as thermal switches, hard drives and magnetic field sensors. Our technology can even be applied to flexible applications,"added Assoc Prof Yang.
a portable USB-powered film scanner to image the test strips; and a portable computer for real-time data analysis.
which exceeds the hard drive capacity of most computers and would take 100 hours to transfer with a good Internet connection,
"The program is especially useful for biologists who otherwise would have to acquire the skillset and hardware to handle large data
Scientists have experimented for decades with a class of catalysts known as zeolites that transform alcohols such as ethanol into higher-grade hydrocarbons.
Instead, an energy-producing"hydrocarbon pool"mechanism allows the zeolite catalysts to directly produce longer hydrocarbon chains from the original alcohols."
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