allowing them to survive in water that's warmer than their typical habitat t
#Laser'tricorder'can diagnose malaria through the skin It's a weapon that fights malaria a laser scan can give an accurate diagnosis in seconds,
#Infrared light speeds up healing by turbocharging our cells A near infrared laser beam makes it easier for a nanoscale probe to pass through water (Image:
the red light seems to alter the physical properties of water, which turbocharges the chemical reactions that provide a cell's energy.
The work from Sommer's team now points at the water within the cell. Normally the layer of water next to any solid object has high surface tension
making it viscous.""It's like molasses, "says Sommer. His team found that when surface layers of water are illuminated with the red light,
it increases the distance between each water molecule, making the liquid become"runnier"."Mitochondria are powered by an enzyme bound into their membranes.
It spins like a molecular turbine, and being surrounded by runnier water should make it turn more easily,
generating more ATP. Because it is hard to measure water inside a living cell, the team measured the effect of near-infrared light on thin layers of water by examining the friction on a diamond probe as it pushed through water
and into a metal block (see picture above). Illuminating the water cut the force needed to push in the probe by 72 per cent."
"It's highly significant, "says Horst-Dieter Försterling of the Philipp University of Marburg in Germany."
"This is the first explanation of how the light might work.""Other research groups are investigating this phenomenon as a way to speed up the healing of skin wounds
The computer working involves using droplets of water soaked with magnetic nanoparticles, the computer then uses electromagnetic field to pump the droplets around gates to perform logical operations.
which could run with water. After carrying out a lot of research, Prakash has built a rotating magnetic field to coordinate with the flow of droplets in a timely manner and acts as a clock."
When a crack forms and water seeps in, the bacteria"wake up, "and start eating the food.
and prevents the water from doing more damage (such as rusting the steel bars that are present in a lot of concrete structures).
instead, water actually increases friction instead of decreasing it
#Now You Can 3d-Print Objects Made Of Wood Fibers From prosthetic hands to an entire bridge,
To work around this, the researchers mixed tiny fibers of cellulose in a liquid gel made of water.
then slowly remove some of the water so that the final product is desired in the shape.
This isn Oxitec first attempt to decrease the prevalence of disease-carrying mosquitoeshe company did another trial in the Cayman islands in 2010ut this test was the most successful.
an even larger version of the device will go into the ocean in 2017. Though this is the first,
and reef fish mucus to create a material that naturally blocks harmful UV rays, according to a paper published recently in ACS Applied materials & Interfaces.
By testing the waters before casting a net, the startup says they can save a lot of fuel on fishing vessels
So far, theye developed three main functions for their drone. hen fishing from the beach,
The drone can easily land in water and fly back up. For communication the Fish Scout pod creates its own Wi-fi connection with an impressive 320-foot range.
As the pod scans the water for signs of fish, it will send back images via a free Aguadrone app.
a patented technology to split oxygen and water molecules into free radicals. Those radicals easily react with viruses,
#ATM Technology Gets Applied to Kenyan Water Access It comes to no surprise that water is a scarce, precious and too-often polluted resource for people living in many developing nations,
and that it is becoming scarcer as environmental and political forces reduce the supply of fresh water worldwide.
In Kenya Mathare slum, for example, residents must purchase frequently dirty water from vendors who charge exorbitant prices for access.
and dispense the requested amount of water. Current water dispensers are charging one Kenyan shilling (about half a cent U s.)for 20 liters of fresh water,
which is significantly cheaper than charged by local vendors: up to 50 shillings per 20 liters in some areas.
Because of the advanced tech inherent with the water dispenser machines, the water is not only cheaper, but safer to Drink up until now,
and Sunburn With This Smart Bikini Spinali Design brings wearable technologies to the beach (where skin cancer runs rampant) The french are credited with creating the modern bikini,
#Developing Nations Turn to Salt water Lamp for Power People in too may parts of the world lack access to reliable power grids,
The SALT (Sustainable Alternative Lighting) lamp offers a healthier solution with a saltwater-powered battery.
and water when disposed of. The SALT lamp can also connect to a smartphone. The lamp will charge phones
000 grams of ocean water to keep it powered, taking the device a few hours to recharge.
But what stood out from the sea of gadgets was the Arrow NX F-04g that uses iris recognition to make payments when you shop.
which collects and safely holds the water even if it is held upside down. The tank, which has a capacity of 4cl,
in order to dispense the water. Kjaro can be worn after being used and is adaptable to different situations.
since the early 1800's. Light a candle, fill the device with water, and you have a charger."
has created an insect-like robot that can jump on water surfaces. As Dr Cho and co-authors watched the water strider jump on water surfaces using high-speed cameras,
they noticed that the long legs accelerate gradually, so that the water surface doesn retreat too quickly
and lose contact with the legs. Using a theoretical model of a flexible cylinder floating on liquid,
the scientists found that the maximum force of the water striderslegs is always just below the maximum force that water surface tension can withstand.
and gradually increases but that never exceeds the surface tension force of water. As well, the high-speed cameras reveal that the water strider sweeps its legs inward
in order to maximize the time the legs can push against the surface of the water, thus maximizing the overall force;
this additional concept was applied also to the robots to help them achieve lift off. umping on water is a unique locomotion mode found in semiaquatic arthropods, such as water striders.
and applied them to develop a bio-inspired impulsive mechanism that maximizes momentum transfer to water,
the scientists wrote in a paper published in the journal Science. e found that water striders rotate the curved tips of their legs inward at a relatively low descending velocity with a force just below that required to break the water surface (144 millinewtons/meter).
and verified that it jumps on water with maximum momentum transfer, the scientists said t
and spin microscopic particles suspended in water. The research by academics from the University of Bristol's Department of Mechanical engineering and Northwestern Polytechnical University in China, is published in Physical Review Letters.
when a mixture of small microparticles (less than 1 micron) and water were introduced they rotated slowly about the vortex core.
made from water, carbon dioxide and renewable energy sources, and they say their pilot plant in Dresden will pump out 160 litres of the of the stuff every day in the coming months to power their Audi a8 cars.
so that no biomass is required-just water, hydrogen, CO2 and sunlight, like how they're producing their new'e-diesel'fuel."
boil the fish in water or soup for 10 minutes, remove from the heat, and add a generous dash of lemon juice to foster iron absorption.
#Engineers have created a computer that operates on water droplets Researchers in the US have built a fully functioning computer that runs like clockwork-but instead of electrons,
it operates using the movement of tiny magnetised water droplets. The ultimate goal is to use the machine to precisely control
Although this new water-based computer could theoretically do everything a normal computer can thanks to its universal logic gates,
but although it was easy enough to work out how to control water droplets-by infusing them with magnetic nanoparticles
but Prakash team struggled to find something that would do the same thing with water.
And it carries information using the absence of presence of water droplets as the 1s and 0s of its binary code."
These arms will start on one side of the river and cross over to the other bank building the structure as they go.
of which loves water-hydrophilic -and the other is repelled by it-hydrophobic. When great numbers of these molecules are mixed together,
not only does it transform the sewerage that goes through it into sterilised flushing water, it also seeks to solve one of the biggest issues that arise
the team has integrated also a function that can turn the byproducts of the water sterilising process into useable hydrogen and fertiliser.
"The same technique was used to display projects in the air, across fluorescent plates, in water and in a fluorescent solution.
and looped irrigation system they use requires 70 percent less water than open-field farming and can produce crops all year round,
Installed off the coast of Hawaii at the US NAVY's Wave Energy Test Site in Kaneohe bay, this 40-tonne,
According to World Ocean Review, the global potential of wave energy is estimated to be around 11,400 TWH per year,
AND electricity A new type of solar cell can convert liquid water into clean hydrogen fuel 10 times more effectively than any other technology,
which can split water into its hydrogen and oxygen components far more cheaply and efficiently than the batteries and semiconductor materials that have been used in the past.
Previous studies have shown that connecting an existing silicon solar cell to a water-splitting battery can produce hydrogen fuel,
The most promising option is using some kind of semiconductor material that can convert sunlight into an electrical charge while splitting water into useable components,
"In addition, Gap is also able to extract oxygen from the water -so you then actually have a fuel cell in
From the products of a biomass gasification plant i e. hydrogen carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide the Demosng pilot plant directly produces methane and water by means of a nickel catalyst (SNG operation.
Frank Graf Section Head of the test laboratory of the German Technical and Scientific Association of Gas and Water (DVGW) at KIT adds:
#Technology to recycle all type of plastics without using water The technology developed by Marco Adame founder of Ak Inovex can process more than 90 percent of any type of plastic avoids water waste
(when it comes in contact with water it retains moisture at a molecular level) so it has to be dehydrated so it can be crystallized;
and then cooling the material with water. However the development of AK Inovex performs all this process without water
so it goes directly to the formation of recycled beads. As a result the energy consumption is reduced by half
Professor of Vascular Biology at Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical school and a Professor of Bioengineering at Harvard SEAS.
#Using 3-D printing clinicians repair tracheal damage Mr. Goldstein a Phd candidate at the Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of medicine has been working with a team of surgeons at the North Shore
the North Shore-LIJ Health System came to Mr. Goldstein and Daniel A. Grande Phd director of the Orthopedic Research Laboratory at the Feinstein Institute and asked
According to Dr. Smith at least one patient comes through the North Shore-LIJ Health System each year who can't be helped by the two traditional methods
Dr. Melanie Mormile professor of biological sciences at Missouri S&t and her team discovered the bacterium Halanaerobium hydrogeninformans in Soap Lake Washington.
Instead she first became interested in bacteria that could help clean up the environment especially looking at the extremophiles found in Soap Lake.
Mormile holds two patents for her work on the Soap Lake bacterium's biohydrogen formation under very alkaline and saline conditions.
One of the last steps involves the separation of ethanol from water. Researchers found a few all-silica zeolites with superior performance that contain pores
but to shun hydrogen bonding with water molecules. One of these zeolites which was synthesized and tested in University of Minnesota chemical engineering
and materials science professor Michael Tsapatsis'lab was found to be so effective that it could change the ethanol/water separation process from a multi-step distillation process to a single-step adsorptive process.
"In simple terms, this type of fuel cell works because the bacteria consume the waste materials found in the water,
the water itself becomes purified, "he says. Searching for the best bacteria"Our challenge has been to find the mechanisms
"To start with, we had to find a bacterium which was not only able to consume the waste products in the water,
Today, they have a small demonstration plant bubbling away in the lab--efficiently exploiting the bacterias'ability to purify dirty water
these core/shell particles self-assemble into a thin film upon water removal. The whole procedure takes less then 24 hours.
And it is these patterns that make the metals repel water. The material is so strongly water-repellent the water actually gets bounced off.
Then it lands on the surface again gets bounced off again and then it will just roll off from the surface said Guo professor of optics at the University of Rochester.
The difference is that to make water to roll off a Teflon coated material you need to tilt the surface to nearly a 70-degree angle before the water begins to slide off.
As the water bounces off the super-hydrophobic surfaces it also collects dust particles and takes them along for the ride.
Roughly half of the dust particles were removed with just three drops of water. It took only a dozen drops to leave the surface spotless.
In these regions collecting rain water is vital and using super-hydrophobic materials could increase the efficiency without the need to use large funnels with high-pitched angles to prevent water from sticking to the surface says Guo.
A second application could be creating latrines that are cleaner and healthier to use. Latrines are a challenge to keep clean in places with little water.
By incorporating super-hydrophobic materials a latrine could remain clean without the need for water flushing.
But challenges still remain to be addressed before these applications can become a reality Guo states.
The combination of light-absorbing properties with making metals water repellent could lead to more efficient solar absorbers--solar absorbers that don't rust
and turned them hydrophilic meaning they attract water. In fact the materials were so hydrophilic that putting them in contact with a drop of water made water run uphill.
Guo's team is now planning on focusing on increasing the speed of patterning the surfaces with the laser as well as studying how to expand this technique to other materials such as semiconductors
or dielectrics opening up the possibility of water repellent electronics. Funding was provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the United states Air force Office of Scientific research h
The insulin also disrupted swimming behavior in fish exposed through water contact as measured by the percentage of time spent swimming and frequency of movements.
Cone snails are abundant in most tropical marine waters especially around coral reefs. Each species makes a distinct repertoire of venom compounds mixtures that have evolved to target particular prey.
Conus geographus a cone snail that has killed dozens of people in accidental encounters traps fish by releasing a blend of immobilizing venoms into the water according to the prevailing hypothesis. The snail protrudes a stretchy mouthlike part
#Volcanic eruption on Cape verde Island A team from the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences is currently conducting research to support local partners
Our team the GFZ Hazard and Risk Team HART works in close collaboration with the University of Cape verde the Volcano Observatory of the Canary islands and the German Aerospace Centre says GFZ-volcanologist Dr
when water is added. This allows specimens to be magnified physically and then imaged at a much higher resolution.
The specimen is washed then in salt-free water to induce a 100-fold expansion in volume.
and water bonding in meat, "they say. In order to screen the structure of the meat, the new approach uses x-rays at energies that are lower than normal,
"The results show that it is possible to separate meat samples from the same muscle tissue into two or three different categories based on both tenderness and water bonding,
The promising results for water activity and water bonding properties will be followed up so that the methods can be applied in the industry.
#Just add water: Engineers develop a computer that operates on water droplets The computer is nearly a decade in the making,
incubated from an idea that struck Prakash when he was a graduate student. The work combines his expertise in manipulating droplet fluid dynamics with a fundamental element of computer science--an operating clock."
Then they carefully injected into the mix individual water droplets that had been infused with tiny magnetic nanoparticles.
"Dirty water has a lot of organic matter, "Choi says.""Any type of organic material can be the source of bacteria for the bacterial metabolism."
as it allows direct fabrication of GQDS using water without surfactant or chemical solvent. GQDS were used then as emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDS)
#Bacteria could help clean groundwater contaminated by uranium ore processing A team of Rutgers University scientists
Array"After the newly discovered bacteria interact with uranium compounds in water the uranium becomes immobile,
"It is dissolved no longer in the groundwater and therefore can't contaminate drinking water brought to the surface."
Scientists had witnessed previously decreasing concentrations of uranium in groundwater when iron-breathing bacteria were active,
What Kerkhof is optimistic about is the potential for these bacteria to mitigate the specific groundwater pollution problem in Rifle.
Scientists at first expected the groundwater to flush into the Colorado river and carry the dissolved uranium with it,
he said there's potentially a lot of water to be concerned about. And the problem could spread beyond traditional places such as ore processing sites."
"so places like the Middle east that are experiencing war could be exposed to high levels of uranium in the groundwater
Cutting out one of the islands--the one that contained the milk-utilization genes--reduced the genome by about 5 percent.
#Sediment makes it harder for baby Nemo to breathe easy Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral reef Studies at James Cook University have discovered that suspended sediment damages fish gills
and are increasing in coastal waters worldwide, "says study co-author, Dr Amelia Wenger.""Fish gills are in direct contact with their environment
For the study, the researchers simulated sediment conditions frequently found on inshore reefs on the Great barrier reef,
but they say the problem isn't limited to Australian waters. Coastal oceans affected by suspended sediment tend to overlap critical fish habitats and nurseries.
The research highlights the need for the continued protection of these crucial habitats. Juvenile reef fish are exposed often to sediment as they swim in open waters before settling on a chosen reef.
During this critical developmental stage they need great amounts of oxygen but damage to their gills makes it hard for them to get it."
and reef ecosystems,"adds Dr Wenger. Exposure of clownfish larvae to suspended sediment levels found on the Great barrier reef:
Impacts on gill structure and microbiome by Sybille Hess, Amelia Wenger, Tracy Ainsworth and Jodie L. Rummer is published in the journal, Nature Scientific Reports s
#Single-catalyst water splitter produces clean-burning hydrogen 24/7 Array'We have developed a low-voltage, single-catalyst water splitter that continuously generates hydrogen and oxygen for more than 200 hours,
an exciting world-record performance,'said study co-author Yi Cui, an associate professor of materials science and engineering at Stanford and of photon science at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.
In an engineering first, Cui and his colleagues used lithium-ion battery technology to create one low-cost catalyst that is capable of driving the entire water-splitting reaction.'
'Our hope is that this technique will lead to the discovery of new catalysts for other reactions beyond water splitting.'
As an alternative, scientists have been trying to develop a cheap and efficient way to extract pure hydrogen from water.
A conventional water-splitting device consists of two electrodes submerged in a water-based electrolyte.
But in 2014, Stanford chemist Hongjie Dai developed a water splitter made of inexpensive nickel and iron that runs on an ordinary 1. 5-volt battery.
'Our water splitter is unique, because we only use one catalyst, nickel-iron oxide, for both electrodes,'said graduate student Haotian Wang,
'This bifunctional catalyst can split water continuously for more than a week with a steady input of just 1. 5 volts of electricity.
That's an unprecedented water-splitting efficiency of 82 percent at room temperature.''In conventional water splitters, the hydrogen and oxygen catalysts often require different electrolytes with different phone acidic,
one alkaline--to remain stable and active.''For practical water splitting, an expensive barrier is needed to separate the two electrolytes,
adding to the cost of the device, 'Wang said.''But our single-catalyst water splitter operates efficiently in one electrolyte with a uniform ph.'Wang
and his colleagues discovered that nickel-iron oxide, which is cheap and easy to produce,
'We built a conventional water splitter with two benchmark catalysts, one platinum and one iridium,
'At first the device only needed 1. 56 volts of electricity to split water, but within 30 hours we had to increase the voltage nearly 40 percent.
interconnected grain boundaries that become active sites for the water-splitting catalytic reaction, 'Cui said.'
water-soluble QDS in the July 1 issue of the journal Green Chemistry. This is the first example of engineers harnessing nature's unique ability to achieve cost effective and scalable manufacturing of QDS using a bacterial process.
The solution yields extracellular, water-soluble quantum dots from low-cost precursors at ambient temperatures and pressure.
Scientists thought the iron had entered the ocean from hot, mineral-rich water released at mid-ocean vents that then precipitated to the ocean floor.
Now Johnson and Li who is currently at Nanjing University in China, show that half of the iron in banded iron was metabolized by ancient bacteria living along the continental shelves.
and gave us an independent measure of the amount coming from shallow continental waters that carried an isotopic signature of life."
#Eco-friendly oil spill solution developed An eco-friendly biodegradable green'herding'agent that can be used to clean up light crude oil spills on water has been developed by researchers.
Derived from the plant-based small molecule phytol abundant in the marine environment, the new substance would potentially replace chemical herders currently in use,
City College of New york researchers led by chemist George John have developed an eco-friendly biodegradable green"herding"agent that can be used to clean up light crude oil spills on water.
Derived from the plant-based small molecule phytol abundant in the marine environment the new substance would potentially replace chemical herders currently in use.
and hence remain in the marine ecosystem for years.""""Our goal was to develop an eco-friendly herding molecule as an alternative to the current silicone-based polymers,
such as seawater, reduce the surface tension. In the case of oil spills, when they are added along the periphery of an oil spill slick,
a doctoral student in Matyjaszewski's lab."The pores can hold large amounts of water, but if you remove this water to study them,
the pores collapse and you can't map them.""He and his collaborators were able to characterize the 3dom hydrogels using an indirect electron microscopy method.
"Sea mammals and bats use high-frequency sound for echolocation and communication, but humans just haven't fully exploited that before, in my opinion,
as well as ready-to-eat or raw sea foods and meats products, to investigate whether LED illumination can effectively kill pathogenic bacteria without deterioration of food products,
When mixed with a few tablespoons of water and swallowed these particles attach themselves to potassium ions in the lower part of the colon,
"Arrayunfortunately, the addition of nanodiamonds did not address the material's aversion to water. The simulations showed that water suppresses the formation of scrolls by increasing the adhesion of graphene to the surface.
While this greatly limits the hybrid material's potential applications, its ability to maintain superlubricity in dry environments is a significant breakthrough in itself.
For their part, the Argonne team will continue its computational studies to look for ways to overcome the barrier presented by water."
if we can incorporate something hydrophobic that would keep water out, "Sankaranarayanan said.""As long as you can repel water,
the graphene nanoscrolls could potentially work in humid environments as well.""Arraythe team's groundbreaking nanoscroll discovery would not have been possible without a supercomputer like Mira.
--and protein-appended molecules that form water channels that transfer water at the rate of natural membranes,
"The researchers developed a second-generation synthetic water channel that improves on earlier attempts to mimic aquaporins--natural water channel proteins--by being more stable and easier to manufacture.
"We were surprised to see transport rates approaching the'holy grail'number of a billion water molecules per channel per second,
"The researchers consider that the PAP membranes are an order of magnitude better than the first-generation artificial water channels reported to date.
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