CNF offers many benefits over current chip substrates, she says. he advantage of CNF over other polymers is that it a bio-based material and most other polymers are based petroleum polymers.
While biofuels have proven to be an effective, renewable, low-carbon alternative to gasoline and diesel, jet fuels pose unique challenges.
and the BP energy company. ee combined chemical catalysis with life-cycle greenhouse gas modeling to create a new process for producing bio-based aviation fuel as well as automotive lubricant base oils,
a chemical engineer with joint appointments at Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley. he recyclable catalysts we developed are capable of converting sugarcane biomass into a new class of aviation fuel and lubricants with superior cold
The paper is titled ovel pathways for fuels and lubricants from biomass optimized using life-cycle greenhouse gas assessment.
The concentrations of carbon and other greenhouse gases in Earth atmosphere are now at their highest levels in the past three million years, primarily as a result of the burning of petroleum and other fossil fuels.
Biofuels synthesized from the sugars in plant biomass help mitigate climate change. However jet fuels have stringent requirements that must be met. et fuels must be oxygen-free,
have the right boiling point distribution and lubricity, and a very low pour point, meaning the fuel can become gelatinous in the cold temperatures of the stratosphere,
Bell says. iofuel solutions, such as farnesane, mixed directly with petroleum jet fuel have been tested, but offer only modest greenhouse gas reduction benefits.
Ours is the first process to generate true drop in aviation biofuels. Scown cites the Intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) on the importance of drop in aviation biofuels. n a 2014 report
the IPCC pointed out that drop in biofuels are the only viable alternative to conventional jet fuels,
she says. f we want to reduce our dependence on petroleum, air travel is going to require renewable liquid fuels
because batteries and fuel cells simply aren practical. The process developed at EBI can be used to selectively upgrade alkyl methyl ketones derived from sugarcane biomass into trimer condensates with better than 95-percent yields.
These condensates are deoxygenated then hydro into a new class of cycloalkane compounds that contain a cyclohexane ring and a quaternary carbon atom.
These cycloalkane compounds can be tailored for the production of either jet fuel or automotive lubricant base oils.
Lubricant base oils can produce even more greenhouse gas emissions on a per-mass basis than petroleum-derived fuels
if even a fraction of the lubricant is repurposed as fuel. The ability of the EBI process to yield jet fuel
or lubricants should be a significant advantage for biorefineries. ugarcane biorefineries today produce ethanol, sugar and electricity, says PNAS paper co-author Gokhale, a chemical engineer,
who is managing the research project from BP side. xpanding the product slate to include aviation fuels
and lubricant base oils could allow for operators to manage their market risks better, which is exactly how petrochemical refinery complexes operate today.
Rather than optimize for one product, they try to optimize the overall product slate. Adds Scown,
the fibrous residue that remains after juice is extracted from sugarcane stalk, into fuels and other products.
This new EBI process for making jet fuel and lubricants could also be used to make diesel
and additives for gasoline as Gokhale explains. ith some minimal modifications to both the catalysts
Although the goal of this study was to develop a strategy for the flexible production of jet fuels and lubricant base oils in a Brazilian sugarcane refinery,
but hold that there still important incentives to encourage investments. ee shown in this study that biorefineries can use inexpensive catalysts to produce a suite of hydrocarbon fuels and lubricants,
Anna C. Balazs, Phd, Distinguished Professor of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Steven P. Levitan, Phd, John A. Jurenko Professor of Electrical and Computer engineering, integrated models for self-oscillating polymer gels and piezoelectric micro-electric-mechanical systems to devise a new
By working with Dr. Victor V. Yashin, Research Assistant professor of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and lead author on the paper,
it could give us very good improvement in fuel efficiency Improving fuel efficiency would benefit everyone it would help automotive industry meet new strict regulations for emissions,
However, scientists estimated that fuel efficiency could be improved by as much as 10%,given 50%friction energy conversion efficiency.
and 10%savings in terms of fuel consumption are pretty big leap forward. But, as usual, we will have to wait
It widely utilized in an eclectic collection of fields spanning anthropology, fuel science, physiology and meteorology.
Sustainable, low-carbon fuel Hydrogen presents a significant opportunity as a sustainable, low-carbon alternative to fossil-based transport fuels.
how to keep milk cold without burning diesel fuel. Theye been selling refrigerators in India for two years;
The dairy collection center in Chetawala, in the state of Rajasthan, estimates that it saves around 40,000 rupees ($628) a month on diesel fuel and reduced milk spoilage since installing a Rapid Milk Chiller
The idea is that instead of making chips from petroleum-based plastic, we'd be able to use cellulose nanofibril-a flexible,
A two-litre petrol engine drives two fans either side of the pilot to lift the jet pack and up to 120kgs of human into the air,
contaminated a 4-mile stretch from El Refugio State Beach to El Capitan State Beach with more than 20,000 gallons (500 barrels worth) of crude oil before the leak was stopped in the afternoon.
This summer, United airlines will starting flying planes using fuel derived from farm animal poop and fats.
The effort is an attempt to curb the greenhouse gas emissions produced by burning jet fuel in commercial aircraft.
all of which will contain about 30 percent biofuel. The animal-based propellent is produced by California-based Altair Fuels.
Wee not letting our animal waste go to wastethe initiative doesn stop there. Today, United will announce a $30 million investment in Fulcrum Bioenergy, one of the largest makers of aviation biofuels.
Globally, airlines have been looking at biofuel use for some time, but this marks the biggest ever investment in alternative fuels by a major commercial airline, reports The New york times. Eventually, United plans to integrate biofuels into its entire fleet.
Typical fossil fuels used in aviation are formed from the organic remains of dead plants and animals that have been buried deep within the Earth.
Burning these fuels is great for combustion but it also releases the organic materialscarbon components into the atmosphere,
which wind up trapping heat. Since farm waste and fats have already been exposed to the atmosphere
and have absorbed carbon during their lifetime, burning them does not introduce any extra carbon into the air t
and measure the concentration of carbon dioxide and ethanol molecules being exhaled from the body. These molecules give off a certain wavelength
The sensors will act as a tracking system to measure the ratio of carbon dioxide molecules to ethanol molecules produced by the driver.
If the ratio hits a certain threshold of ethanol to carbon, the car won't start.
including ethanol levels in the tissue. If the levels register as 0. 08%or more, the car won't start.
The machine will only be setup to analyze ethanol levels, and take multiple readings to ensure an accurate conclusion.
#Scientists Invented Bionic Leaf to Convert Solar energy into Liquid fuel Aided by a new technique, a team of researchers has found a way of converting solar energy into liquid fuel.
which can better handle liquid fuels. Harvard researchers have invented a bionic leaf an integrated system, in which sunlight can be used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
to form the liquid fuel isopropanol. Researcher Pamela Silver stated his is a proof of concept that you can have a way of harvesting solar energy and storing it in the form of a liquid fuel.
It is a small leaf sized solar device which is submerged in water to produce hydrogen.
June 24, 2015-One of the knocks against hydrogen fuel cells comes from the way we create hydrogen by burning natural gas.
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