#Insertable gel for women could deliver HIV drug Researchers have developed a vaginal suppository that loaded with the antiviral drug Tenofovir could help prevent the transmission of HIV and AIDS.
Due to socioeconomic and gender inequities women in some countries and cultures are not always in a position to negotiate regular condom use so a drug-dispersing suppository can protect against transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections during heterosexual intercourse
Women participating in the study at the Sensory Evaluation Center in Penn State s Department of Food science were presented with suppositoriesâ without the drug in a variety of sizes shapes and textures.
Understanding women s perception of the suppository and reasons behind their choices is a critical step in the development of the suppository as a vaginal drug-delivery system.
Zaveri also studied the release of Tenofovir from the suppositories in a simulated vaginal environment to ensure that the drug will be released once inserted in the body even in the presence of semen.
and use different methods to create drug-delivery products but not many focus on the end-user aspect of this she says.
The biomedical use of a food additive a material widely used in the food industry for its gelling thickening and stabilizing properties as a medium for a drug-delivery system is a novel idea
#Drug combo heals wounds fast with less scarring Johns hopkins university rightoriginal Studyposted by Vanessa Mcmains-Johns Hopkins on August 28 2014doctors have stumbled onto a potential new use for two approved medications.
In mice and rats injecting the two drugs in combination speeds the healing of surgical woundsâ#by about one-quarter
##The wound healing potential of the two drugs was discovered incidentally while the researchers were working to prevent rejection of liver transplants.
One of the drugs AMD3100 is used generally to move stem cells from bone marrow to the bloodstream to be harvested
in addition to successfully preventing liver graft rejection in their study the drugs when used together seemed to improve wound healing in animals.
while those that received both drugs healed in nine days a reduction of 25 percent.
Those that received only one drug or the other recorded just a modest one-day improvement in healing time.
The researchers had similar findings in rats though the drug combination worked slightly better reducing healing time by 28 percent compared to saline.
Additionally they found that the wounds in animals that received the drug combination healed with less scar tissue and regrew skinâ##s hair follicles.
Further tests showed that the drugs work synergistically with AMD3100 pushing stem cells from bone marrow into the bloodstream
Though the study tested the drug combination only on surgical excisions the researchers say the beneficial effects also apply to burn injuries
and other researchers look for drugs to block VP24 and another Ebola protein VP35. The group includes researchers at the Icahn School of medicine at Mount sinai Washington University the University of Texas Southwestern Medical center Howard University and Microbiotix Inc. a Massachussetts biopharmaceutical company Source:
by the time they turn four years old, even with therapeutic drugs. Researchers are now beginning to study why SAS is less severe in some dogs while causing severe symptoms in others.
if drugs are counterfeit Counterfeit drugs make up to one-third of the pharmaceutical drug market in some countries.
Fake drugs, which at best contain wrong doses and at worst are toxic, are thought to kill more than 700,000 people each year.
#Fabric dissolves to deliver HIV drug faster Bioengineers have developed a new way to protect women from HIV medicated,
The new method spins the drug into silklike fibers that quickly dissolve when in contact with moisture, releasing higher doses of the drug than possible with other topical materials such as gels or creams
discreet way to protect themselves from HIV infection by inserting the drug-loaded materials into the vagina before sex,
previously found that electrically spun cloth could be dissolved to release drugs. These new results build upon that research,
allowing the drug to dissolve and diffuse into the surrounding tissue. Called microbicides the drugs must be given as a large dose to be effective minutes before sex.
But these topical drugs haven done well in clinical trials, partly because they aren always easy for women to use.
Drugs in film form take at least 15 minutes to fully dissolve in the body, and the volume of gels must be large enough to deliver a full dose
but small enough to prevent leakage. These factors can make microbicides difficult for a woman to use before sex,
researchers says. he effectiveness of an anti-HIV topical drug depends partially on high-enough dosages and quick release,
Ball says. e have achieved higher drug loading in our material such that you wouldn need to insert a large amount of these fibers to deliver enough of the drug to be helpful.
and combined it with a drug, maraviroc, and other agents often used in pharmaceuticals that help a material become more water-soluble
so the researchers looked at different ingredients for the fiber that would allow for the highest concentration of drug with the fastest-possible release in the body.
which nearly 30 percent of the mass was composed of the drug itself. In topical gels
the drug makes up only about three percent of the total mass. By adjusting the ingredients in the fibers,
researchers were able to dissolve the drug in about six minutes, no matter how much drug mass was in the fiber.
#Gel fights breast cancer with fewer side effects A tamoxifen gel applied to the breast may work as well as a pill form of the drug to slow the growth of cancer cells.
Because the drug is absorbed through the skin directly into breast tissue, less of it enters the blood,
and radiation despite the drug effectiveness to prevent DCIS recurrence and to lower the risk of future breast cancer. elivering the drug though a gel,
if proven effective in larger trials, could potentially replace oral tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention and DCIS and encourage many more women to take it,
effective drug concentrations are required in the breast. For these women, high circulating drug levels only cause collateral damage.
The gel minimized exposure to the rest of the body and concentrated the drug in the breast where it is needed. here was very little drug in the bloodstream,
which should avoid potential blood clots as well as an elevated risk for uterine cancer. Women who have completed surgery
or took the oral drug, but the blood levels of 4-OHT were more than five times lower in those who used the gel.
and half the oral drug, which they took daily. The gel application may also be more effective for some women.
Because the drugs were administered in the same wayoth were given for a five-day period at the beginning of a woman cyclehe study was blinded double.
Neither the doctor nor the patient knew which drug the patient was receiving. Clomid works by traveling to the brain, where it partially blocks estrogen receptors.
making treatment with either drug affordable. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development branch of the National institutes of health funded the study.
#Future drugs could entomb malaria parasite Scientists may be able to ntombthe malaria parasite, which would keep it from tapping into resources from surrounding cells and cause its death.
and researchers are working hard to find new drug targets. EAT SHOCKPROTEINS Senior author of the paper published in the journal Nature, Daniel Goldberg,
To their surprise, they stopped all of them. e think this is a very promising target for drug development,
Goldberg says. ee a long way from getting a new drug, but in the short term we may look at screening a variety of compounds to see
Beck notes that researchers at the Burnet Institute neutralized the parasite in a similar fashion by disabling another protein thought to be involved in the passage of proteins through this pore. hat suggests there are multiple components of the process that we may be able to target with drugs
Unlike drugs such as cocaine, which has a specific target in the nervous system, the effects of alcohol on the body are complex
Such a drug could potentially be used to treat alcoholics because it would counteract the intoxicating
#2 drugs work better than 1 to stop cancer A new combination drug dramatically slows tumor growth in mice with few side effects.
Researchers combined two drugs: a COX-2 inhibitor, similar to the one in Celebrex, and another drug that stops blood vessels from forming.
The combined effect is much more potent than using either drug individually at higher doses,
the team synthesized the drug (PTUTB), the first combined COX-2/seh inhibitor. They then tested it against human lung and breast tumors, both in vitro and in mice.
They found that the new drug blocked the growth of endothelial cells, which help blood vessels form.
this drug combination could block a number of pathologies, ranging from cardiac hypertrophy to neuropathic pain.
#Oral med wakes up retinal cells so kids can see Tests of a new oral medication show the drug can improve vision in children with an inherited disease that can cause complete blindness
and is currently untreatable. his is the first time that an oral drug has improved the visual function of blind patients with LCA (Leber congenital amaurosis),
The oral drug we tested awakened these cells and allowed patients to see. Ten out of the 14 patients expanded their visual fields;
#Drug cocktail might help diabetics make insulin Combining two different medications could help patients with Type 1 diabetes at least partially regain the ability to produce their own insulin.
a drug initially developed for use in organ transplantation. Then he used a medication called Neulasta,
a drug designed to improve the lives of people with certain forms of cancer, to stimulate the production of new
although our data suggests that cannabis users might be advised to stop using the drug if they are planning to try
or potential antiviral drugs could interfere with this process, Tamm says. ou have these contacts that need to be made to make the clenching of the fist happenf you could find a molecule that throws a wrench into the gears of that mechanism,
and these chemicals cause pain by acting on an equally diverse group of receptors on the surface of pain-sensing neurons. big problem in our field is that it is impractical to block each of these receptors with a mixture of drugs,
they teamed up with Stephen Frye, director of the Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery at the UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy.
but UNC3230 was the strongest with good potential as a drug candidate. The chemical structure of the molecule can be manipulated to potentially turn it into an even better inhibitor of PIP5K1C.
#Will stroke drug kill? MRI predicts with 95%accuracy A new MRI technique predicts with 95 percent accuracy which stroke victims will benefit from a clot-busting drugnd
The drug tpa is given now to patients only within 4. 5 hours of a stroke onset
improving the drug safety and also potentially allowing us to give the drug to patients who currently go untreated,
says study leader Richard Leigh, assistant professor of neurology and radiology at Johns hopkins university School of medicine. Described in the journal Stroke
however, there is already too much damage to the blood-brain barrier and the drug causes bleeding in the brain, severe injury,
But doctors haven known with any precision which patients are likely to suffer a drug-related bleed.
and alleviate pain with electronics instead of drugs. e need to make these devices as small as possible to more easily implant them deep in the body
and drug delivery systems to apply medicines directly to affected areas, Poon says. The work creates the potential to develop lectroceuticaltreatments as alternatives to drug therapies,
says William Newsome, professor of neurobiology and director of the Stanford Neurosciences Institute. Newsome, who was involved not in Poon experiments
The investigators are currently designing a study to correlate pharmacokineticshe time course of drug metabolismith genotype.
#Treatment cuts H1n1 flu deaths in mice A new study reveals that a drug that inhibits a molecule called prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) increases survival rates in mice infected with a lethal dose
Divangahi and his team focused on drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen, commonly used to manage flu-like symptoms.
and fever. ut since these drugs inhibit all prostanoids, each may contribute differently towards the immunity against influenza virus,
That protein could be a good target for antiviral drugs, researchers suggest. Better antiviral drugs could help the millions of people annually infected by flu,
which kills up to 500,000 people each year. When an influenza virus infects a human cell, it uses some of the host cellular machinery to make copies of itself,
antiviral drugs play an important role in fast-spreading epidemics. Yet Influenza a viruses are developing resistance to antiviral drugs currently in use.
Scleroderma many pathways he majority of drug treatments that exist today for fibrosis basically look at reducing just the inflammation,
associate professor of internal medicine at the University of Michigan. here are other drugs that block one or two of the signaling pathways that cause the disease,
Neubig says. ur research shows promise for the development of a new drug that can reverse the fibrosis process by flipping the main switch on all of the signaling pathways.
By validating this core switch as a viable drug target, we can now continue our work to improve the chemical compounds
#Anticancer drug reverses schizophrenia symptoms in teen mice An experimental anticancer drug appears to reverse schizophrenia-related behavior
one of a class of drugs shown in animal experiments to confer some protection from brain damage due to Fragile X syndrome,
The drug was given in small doses and appeared to be safe for the animals. rugs aimed at treating a disease should be able to reverse an already existing defect as well as block future damage,
and a senior co-author of the study published in Nature Genetics. ince this gene has previously been identified as a target for the development of new drugs, in the future,
we can now envision being able to test new drug candidates in these cells, to screen possible medications proactively instead of having to discover them fortuitously.
They also hope to develop a way to use the cells to screen drugs rapidly,
or bad crop yieldssmolke says. e ll have more sustainable cost-effective and secure production methods for these important drugs. h
if drugs are counterfeit University of Michigan rightoriginal Studyposted by Kate Mcalpine-Michigan on August 6 2014counterfeit drugs make up to one-third of the pharmaceutical drug market in some countries.
Fake drugs which at best contain wrong doses and at worst are toxic are thought to kill more than 700000 people eachâ year.
to enable researchers to model drug interactions that might take months to play out in a compressed time frame.
In coming decades such molecular motors might find uses in drug delivery manufacturing and chemical processing.
new drug-delivery technologies; transparent flexible displays for electronic devices; special filters for water purification; new types of sensors;
In this state they could be used for the development of new drug systems by controlling the transportation of small molecules
and muscle contraction T-cell activation and pancreatic beta-cell insulin release they are a frequent target in the search for new drugs.
which have a wide range of application from membranesâ##for instance for the purification of waterâ##to therapeutic uses including the development of new drug systems. ource:
and respond as needed perhaps by delivering drugs directly to those cells. Additional co-authors of the paper contributed from University of Washington;
But having an extra chromosome can actually be beneficial in microbes like Cryptococcus where it has been shown to confer drug resistance to the antifungal fluconazole.
just as virulent as the parent suggesting how new properties (drug resistance) and old ones (virulence) could be combined. n interesting feature of aneuploidy is it can be temporarysays Heitman. f at some point it stops being beneficial
which may drive outbreaks of drug resistant pathogenic microbes. eitman is currently looking for aneuploidy in samples from the outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii in the western part of North america to see
#We ve also started exchanging ideas and information with scientists facing related challenges such as herbicide resistance in weeds and resistance to drugs in bacteria HIV and cancer.#
and efficacy of new treatments and to test the metabolism and oral absorption of drugs and nutrients."
which means that the drugs and therapies we validate in animal models often fail to be tested effective
therefore significantly accelerate our ability to develop effective new drugs that will help people who suffer from these disorders."
The institute has received also funding to develop a heart-lung micromachine to test the safety and efficacy of inhaled drugs on the integrated heart and lung function,
which chitin is being used to cheaply produce a currently very-expensive source of antiviral drugs.
Many presently-used antiviral drugs are derived from N acetylneuraminic-acid acid, also known as NANA. The substance can synthesized
But in June 2014 the Food and Drug Administration approved the aptly named Freedom Driver.
It's an odorless tasteless substance that's classified as a harmless food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration.
Products that use silica-based nanoparticles for biomedical uses such as various chips drug or gene delivery and tracking imaging ultrasound therapy and diagnostics may also pose an increased cardiovascular
and turning their attention to the more profitable development of so-called"lifestyle drugs.""One company bucking the trend is Novobiotic Pharmaceuticals,
which has announced the discovery of a new class of antibiotic that holds promise for treating drug-resistant superbugs.
The team now hopes to develop teixobactin into a drug.""Our impression is produced that nature a compound that evolved to be free of resistance,
The law began in the 1970s as part of the early War on Drugs, and while it has spiked in recent years ostensibly to fight terrorism,
#Gelatin Nanoparticles could Deliver Drugs to your Brain Stroke victims could have more time to seek treatment that could reduce harmful effects on the brain thanks to tiny blobs of gelatin that could deliver the medication to the brain non-invasively.
nanoparticles in the journal Drug Delivery and Translational Research. The researchers found that gelatin nanoparticles could be laced with medications for delivery to the brain
when a drug could be effective. Gelatin is biocompatible biodegradable and classified as#Generally Recognized as Safe#by the Food and Drug Administration.
Once administered the gelatin nanoparticles target damaged brain tissue thanks to an abundance of gelatin-munching enzymes produced in injured regions.
This allows the drug to bypass the blood-brain barrier a biological fence that prevents the vast majority of drugs from entering the brain through the bloodstream.#
#However if drug substances can be transferred along the olfactory nerve cells they can bypass the blood-brain barrier
#To test gelatin nanoparticles as a drug-delivery system the researchers used the drug osteopontin (OPN)
The researchers hope the gelatin nanoparticles administered through the nasal cavity can help deliver other drugs to more effectively treat a variety of brain injuries and neurological diseases.#
#They will be most effective in delivering drugs that cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. In addition they can be used for drugs of high toxicity or a short half-life.#
#Both Choi and Kim are members of the Micro and Nano technology Laboratory at the U. of
or by powerful synthetic small molecule drugs invented at the NIH prevents or reverses pain that develops slowly from nerve damage without causing analgesic tolerance or intrinsic reward (unlike opioids).
and said drugs might delay symptoms slightly. He recommended Mapo free programs o stimulate what brain cells he has.
The guidelines were created at the request of Congress and written by the commission, the Food and Drug Administration, the Agriculture department and the Centers for Disease Control.
and Drug Administration to identify the source of an outbreak of foodborne illness, trace its path
there is some evidence that the NSA has aided in combating Mexican drug cartels and prevented terrorism.##
invasive drugs and their devastating side-effects, will have been replaced by sophisticated medicines that can fix individual faulty genes, according to those behind the project.
better drugs and better care for patients. As our plan becomes a reality, I believe we will be able to transform how devastating diseases are diagnosed
a drug specifically designed for women with a type of breast cancer characterised by over-activity of the Her2 gene..
The decision of the commission retroactively applied an earlier change in sentencing guidelines#to now cover roughly half of those serving federal drug sentences.
Starting in the 1970s with the rise of tough-on-crime politicians and the War on Drugs, America s prison population jumped eightfold between 1970 and 2010.
Similar patterns of discrimination can be found nationwide, especially on drug-related charges. Black and white Americans use marijuana at an almost-equal rate,
Any meaningful discourse on racism, poverty, immigration, the drug wars, gun violence, the mental-health crisis,
The problem however is that current 3d printing methods to make calcium phosphate scaffolds require the use of high temperatures Such temperatures make it impossible important drugs
These could be useful in anything from cosmetics, to paint, to the design of drug capsules, because of their particular solubility properties.
and next year will lay the path for the device to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration With any luck,
The next step is to find the drug that can target this same gene. Researchers found that over-expression of the gene was associated actually with a physically larger brain,
Researchers have speculated for decades that a drug that could inhibit IDE might help some type 2 diabetes patients.
Small-molecule drugs, which make up the majority of medicines, are compounds far smaller than less common biological medicines like antibodies.
which may be why the Harvard team was able to identify an IDE-controlling drug when so many had failed in the past.
The newly identified IDE inhibitor could be the starting point for developing a powerful new drug for type 2 diabetes.
#Researchers develop new method to grow human skin from stem cells that replicates the real thing The method could viably produce enough skin samples to be used commercially for drug and cosmetics testing.
Even as medical researchers produce rgans on a chipto help with drug testing, developing human skin for cosmetics testing has remained elusive.
and thus could be scaled up for commercial testing of drugs and cosmetics, said Theodora Mauro,
The method could viably produce enough skin samples to be used commercially for drug and cosmetics testing, according to the researchers.
and to test drugs, is a rapidly growing market. In many cases its benefits are so hypothetical eliminating negative outcomes that would,
if a drink has been spiked with drugs. However, you might have to pay, especially for specific professional use-cases.
The work addresses one of the lingering challenges in creating artificial organs for drug testing or
could provide a new drug target for the treatment of the disease that affects more than five million Americans,
These results hold out the hope that a drug that regulates p25 could benefit Alzheimer disease patients by improving cognitive function
they can dispense drugs carried in their folds. NA nanorobots could potentially carry out complex programs that could one day be used to diagnose
The discovery may help explain why marijuana users say they take the drug mainly to reduce anxiety,
whose brains are still developing are being exposed to the drug. Previous studies at Vanderbilt and elsewhere, Patel said,
chronic use of the drug down-regulates the receptors, paradoxically increasing anxiety. This can trigger vicious cycleof increasing marijuana use that in some cases leads to addiction.
So the researchers administered a drug to safeguard the cells against that process and then allowed them to proliferate in a gooey hydrogel base.
pparatus and Method for Preconditioning/Fixation and Treatment of Disease with Heat Activation/Release with Thermoactivated Drugs and Gene Productsauthored by John Mon, COO for Medifocus.
and Method for Preconditioning/Fixation and Treatment of Disease with Heat Activation/Release with Thermoactivated Drugs and Gene Products.
and commercialize targeted thermoactivated/released drugs and gene products which, in our opinion, is the future of medicine. f
The U s. Food and Drug Administration has approved already Shrilk's ingredients which would make it easier to use for medical purposes.
Bacteria are increasingly outsmarting our most overused antibiotics creating a boom of drug-resistant diseases.
#DARPA's'Luke Skywalker'arm wins FDA approval An extremely advanced prosthetic arm sometimes compared to Luke Skywalker's arm from"Star wars"has been approved for clinical use by the U s. Food and Drug Administration
whose genome contains man-made DNA building blocks opens the door for tailor-made organisms that could be used to produce new drugs and other products.
The man-made DNA could be used for everything from the manufacture of new drugs and vaccines to forensics
which could be used to produce better drugs. Researchers expanded the genetic alphabet from four letters,
Synthorx) Custom-made drugs Proteins have become an important new type of drug, because cells can do the work of making them
who explores a much greater diversity of structures in the small-molecule drugs they synthesize,
"We hope to be able to combine the best of both small-molecule and protein drugs."
"The research paves the way for"designer"organisms with custom-made genomes that are capable of performing useful tasks, like making drugs.
which have properties that make them better at producing protein drugs. Expanding the genetic alphabet of an entire multicellular organism such as a human wouldn't be possible with the current technique
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