"Dr. Geoffrey Ling, director of DARPA's Biological Technologies Office, said in a statement. The program aims to provide a more sophisticated alternative to prosthetic devices such as the split-hook device invented in 1912.
"What we have done is successfully store increased information in the DNA of a living cell,"study leader Floyd Romesberg, a chemical biologist at The Scripps Research Institute in La jolla,
Importance for biology One classical way to image smaller objects without using entangled photons is to use shorter and shorter wavelengths of light.
The Japanese scientists said their research is especially important for applications in optics and biology."
"It is a very powerful tool to investigate transparent samples such as biological tissues, and, in particular, living cells, without them being damaged by intense probe light,
as biologists and doctors are unlikely to be prepared to wait hours for an image to form. o
The idea came from another biologist at the same facility Haruko Obokata who says it took her five years to persuade her colleagues that this technique would work.
and biological applications he said s
#$1. 7 million personal submarine lets you'fly'underwater Adventurers with deep pockets can now explore the hidden depths of the ocean,
Biologists knew that bony fish a group that includes most fish apart from cartilaginous ones such as sharks
is launched today at the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute in Nairobi, which is leading the initiative.
pointing to possibilities such as screening large numbers of biological samples or laboratory animals all at once.""Giving people a new degree of freedom will hopefully lead to things that we haven't thought of at all. f
Work by two independent groups will make it easier to find out the structure of single biological molecules such as proteins without destroying
researchers warn in a study due to appear in the journal Biological Conservation1. Known as Himalayan Viagra'because of its supposed libido-boosting powers,
says one of the study s co-authors, Kamaljit Bawa, a conservation biologist at the University of Massachusetts in Boston.
bacteria accounted for around 20%of all particles#biological and non-biological#a higher proportion than in the near-Earth atmosphere."
Yoshiki Sasai, who has been wowing biologists and non-scientists alike by growing rudimentary retinas, brain parts and other tissues from stem cells (see Nature 488,444-446;
says Anura Rambukkana, a regeneration biologist at the University of Edinburgh, UK, who led the study.
who prize them as fluorescent imaging labels for proteins and other biological molecules. As recently as 2010, the biomedical sector was responsible for US$48#million of $67#million in total quantum dot revenues, according to BCC Research of Wellesley, Massachusetts.
But a legacy of distrust of biological research among aboriginal groups means that genetic studies are viewed suspiciously
the sulphur-assisted amino acid transfer is found elsewhere in biology: some bacteria rely on it to synthesize proteins.
"It s laborious and not as effective as biology, says Leigh. Leigh and other chemists have used already rotaxanes to move droplets of fluid around2;
Molecular machines inspired by biology could eventually enable chemists to build materials with a specific sequence of molecules#a strand of polystyrene in which each component bears one of a range of extra chemical groups, for example.
"That s how biology does it, so why can t we? asks Leigh s
#Nearby star is almost as old as the Universe Astronomers have discovered a Methuselah of stars#a denizen of the Solar system's neighbourhood that is at least 13.2 billion years old and formed shortly after the Big bang."
parallel universe of unexplored RNAS, says Nikolaus Rajewsky, the lead author of one of the studies and a systems biologist at the Max Delbr#ck Center for Molecular Medicine in Berlin.
But advances in sequencing have allowed biologists to accumulate large data sets of RNA sequences including some from RNA without tails.
a biologist and open-access advocate at the University of California, Berkeley, says that he is disappointed."
#which would be important for a biologist wanting to record key moments in a cell s ancestry.
using robots to test chemicals for biological activity.""If it really works, it might provide a future model to operate early drug discovery,
is due to gaps in the range of biological targets that industry is pursuing and in the libraries of compounds screened for activity against those targets.
Any academic group or company can also propose assays to test molecules in the library for biological activity.
The hope is that members will build on the results to improve the molecules biological properties
but to identify biological pathways that might make good drug targets. The European initiative, by contrast, aims to propel drug development.
says Jon Clardy, a biological chemist at Harvard Medical school in Boston, Massachusetts, who was involved not in the work
Ewen Callaway interviews biological chemist Jon Clardy about the significance of the new technique for deciphering molecular structures.
and cancer biologists that this new kind of immunotherapy can work, he says. Oncologist Renier Brentjens, also at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, remembers the day that he had to tell one of the patients in the trial that the weeks of high-dose chemotherapy the 58-year-old man had endured had worked not after all."
) Craig Smith, a deep-sea biologist at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, will lead an initial assessment of seafloor life for Lockheed s project, gathering baseline data for the potential harvest zone
says Charles Brown, a biologist at the University of Tulsa in Oklahoma and one of the authors of the study.
Yuste has been leading the call for a big biology project2 that would do just that in the human brain,
says Samuel Wasser, director of the Center for Conservation Biology at the University of Washington in Seattle and one of the driving forces behind the push for forensic examinations of elephant ivory.
so harder implants that don bend with their surrounding biological environment can easily shift and move to a different area than they were implanted,
but that they can help pinpoint key biological pathways relevant to ALS that then become the focus of targeted drug development efforts,
professor of biological psychiatry at the University of Oslo and a senior co-author. Sudha Seshadri, MD, professor of neurology at the Boston University School of medicine, the principal investigator of the Neurology Working group within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium and a study co-author added:
#Researchers Enlarge Brain Samples Making Them Easier to Image New technique enables nanoscale-resolution microscopy of large biological specimens.
in biology that right where things get interesting, says Boyden, who is a member of MIT Media Lab and Mcgovern Institute for Brain Research.
And the cast itself is swollen, unimpeded by the original biological structure, Tillberg says. The MIT team imaged this astwith commercially available confocal microscopes,
and map how they connect to each other across large regions. here are lots of biological questions where you have to understand a large structure,
The discovery, published in the scientific journal Nature Chemical Biology, comes on the heels of a study published last month in the journal PLOS ONE.
scientists working in the field of tissue engineering have been unable to construct a basic framework to hold together all of the biological components that make up a leg or arm,
Researchers led by biologist Stephen Elledge of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston and Harvard Medical school wanted to develop a test that could look at every current or past infection in one fell swoop.
a cancer biologist at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical center in Dallas. Researchers have used magnets before to levitate whole creatures,
and memory, says biologist Irina Conboy of the University of California, Berkeley, who recently published a scientific paper showing that targeting a separate molecule can lower levels of B2m
Now, a team of physicists and biologists have gone a key step further, coaxing a cell to envelop a tiny plastic sphere that acts like a resonant cavityhown in green in the micrograph abovehus placing a whole laser within a cell.
so seeing molecules would suggest something is replenishing them hinting at possible biological activity. Europa is sized a good moon
what was going on what you might call proto-biology before life even got started he says.
These engineered bacteria could also be used as biological computers Lu says adding that they would be particularly useful in types of computation that require a lot of parallel processing such as picking patterns out of an image.
ut it was really interesting to learn about how they were trying to solve this problem from a biological standpoint,
if we could create a synthetic active system that could sense gradients in biological receptors Alexander-Katz explains.
If we can actually understand the biology we can then go in and try targeted therapeutic approaches.
Cutting out cancer genescrispr originally discovered by biologists studying the bacterial immune system involves a set of proteins that bacteria use to defend themselves against bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria.
#Nanoparticles get a magnetic handle A long-sought goal of creating particles that can emit a colorful fluorescent glow in a biological environment
Compactness is critical for biological and a lot of other applications. In addition previous efforts were unable to produce particles of uniform and predictable size
Initially at least the particles might be used to probe basic biological functions within cells Bawendi suggests.
Melanie Gonick/MIT The ability to manipulate the particles with electromagnets is key to using them in biological research Bawendi explains:
The next step for the team is to test the new nanoparticles in a variety of biological settings.
This work goes a long way to squeezing the last drop of ethanol from sugar adds Gerald Fink an MIT professor of biology member of the Whitehead Institute and the paper s other senior author.
#High-speed biologics screen MIT engineers have devised a way to rapidly test hundreds of different drug-delivery vehicles in living animals making it easier to discover promising new ways to deliver a class of drugs called biologics
This type of high-speed screen could help overcome one of the major bottlenecks in developing disease treatments based on biologics:
Biologics is the fastest growing field in biotech because it gives you the ability to do highly predictive designs with unique targeting capabilities says senior author Mehmet Fatih Yanik an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and biological engineering.
However delivery of biologics to diseased tissues is challenging because they are significantly larger and more complex than conventional drugs.
and other small animals have teamed up with Anderson et al. who are leading experts in RNA delivery to create a new platform for rapidly screening biologics
Yanik s lab is currently using this technology to find delivery vehicles that can carry biologics across the blood-brain barrier a very selective barrier that makes it difficult for drugs
#Biologists find an early sign of cancer Years before they show any other signs of disease pancreatic cancer patients have very high levels of certain amino acids in their bloodstream according to a new study from MIT Dana-Farber
What that means for the tumor and what that means for the health of the patient those are long-term questions still to be answered says Matthew Vander Heiden an associate professor of biology a member of MIT s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
This is a finding of fundamental importance in the biology of pancreatic cancer says David Tuveson a professor at the Cancer Center at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory who was involved not in the work.
if this type of technology could find use in domestic maritime operations ranging from the detection of smuggled nuclear biological
CRISPR originally discovered by biologists studying the bacterial immune system involves a set of proteins that bacteria use to defend themselves against bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria.
We re excited about the application of Combigem to probe complex multifactorial phenotypes such as stem cell differentiation cancer biology
bumpy texture, can quickly remove more than 90 percent of the biological fouling. Zhenan Bao, a professor of chemical engineering at Stanford university who was involved not in this research,
Professor of Biology and Neuroscience director of the RIKEN-MIT Center for Neural Circuit Genetics at MIT s Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and senior author of the paper.#
David Anderson a professor of biology at the California Institute of technology says the study makes an important contribution to neuroscientists fundamental understanding of the brain
it a good way to study cancer biology and diagnose whether the primary cancer has moved to a new site to generate metastatic tumors,
It was developed originally in the laboratory of Koch Institute Director#Tyler Jacks the#David H. Koch Professor of Biology#who is co-senior author of this paper.
This investigation typifies the Koch Institute s model of bringing biologists and engineers together to engage in interdisciplinary cancer research.
This study is a terrific example of the potential of new RNA therapies to treat disease that was done in a highly collaborative way between biologists
Tyler Jacks director of MIT s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the David H. Koch Professor of Biology is the paper s senior author.
In the near term the material could also be embedded in lab-on-a-chip devices to magnetically direct the flow of cells and other biological material through a diagnostic chip s microchannels.
when it s needed such as in a microfluidic device used to test biological or chemical samples by mixing them with a variety of reagents.
MIT postdoc Seyed Mahmoudi a co-author of the paper notes that electric fields cannot penetrate into conductive fluids such as biological fluids so conventional systems wouldn t be able to manipulate them.
The biological causes of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have mystified scientists for decades; in the last five years however understanding has accelerated dramatically driven by advances in human genomics.
The discovery of specific genes associated with these disorders provides significant clues to their biological basis and points to possible molecular targets for novel therapies.
Stanley s new commitment is the culmination of a 25-year personal mission to discover the biology of psychiatric disorders
We are going to illuminate the biology behind these conditions says Eric Lander founding director and president of the Broad Institute and a professor of biology at MIT.
If we know the biological causes we can begin to dispel the stigma around people battling mental illness
Ten years ago finding the biological causes of psychiatric disorders was like trying to climb a wall with no footholds says Hyman who Is distinguished also the Service Professor of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology at Harvard.
Celebrating its 10th anniversary this month the Broad Institute is today home to a community of more than 2000 members including physicians biologists chemists computer scientists engineers staff and representatives of many other disciplines.
Reveal the biological pathways in which these genes act. To do so they will push technological boundaries working with new techniques that allow them to manipulate
In contrast to researchers studying cancer or diabetes researchers studying psychiatric disorders have been unable to identify animal models that correctly capture important biological aspects of the disorders
Develop chemicals to modulate biological pathways to serve as drug leads. The researchers plan to build on the existing therapeutic efforts within the Stanley Center
and screen hundreds of thousands of compounds to identify molecules that can powerfully and precisely influence specific biological pathways relevant to psychiatric disorders.
We re still at the beginning of the curve of translating the emerging genetics into actionable biology but it s happening much faster than
but had a much stronger photocurrent enough to shut down neural activity. his exemplifies how the genomic diversity of the natural world can yield powerful reagents that can be of use in biology and neuroscience,
The new approach, described May 18 in Nature Methods, could also help neuroscientists learn more about the biological basis of brain disorders. e don really know
and the Center for RNA Therapeutics and Biology e
#Chemotherapy timing is key to success MIT researchers have devised a novel cancer treatment that destroys tumor cells by first disarming their defenses,
a professor of systems biology at the Technical University of Denmark who was not part of the research team. he latter is vital,
and a member of MIT departments of biological engineering and of biology, Center for Environmental Health Sciences,
here an opportunity to use these multiplexed plasmids in biological assays where several repair pathways can be probed at the same time,
The researchers also anticipate that it could help scientists learn more about tumor biology. As opposed to just studying the genetic profile of tumor cells this could also reveal how they re interacting with the stroma that surrounds the tumor.
The researchers are now working on sensors that could be used to monitor other biological properties such as ph. We hope this is the first of many types of solid-state contrast agents where the material responds to its chemical environment in such a way that we can detect it by MRI Cima says.
(and wearing) bionic leg prostheses that he says emulate nature mimicking the functions and power of biological knees ankles and calves.
Initially developed by Herr s research group Biom s prosthesis dubbed the Biom T2 System simulates a biological ankle
which respond to their environment produce complex biological molecules and span multiple length scales with the benefits of nonliving materials
Based on Lu graduate school research at MIT, the assay uses biological particles called bacteriophages, or phages,
and for other means across other industries. hages are the most abundant biological particle On earth.
Theye also used as biological probes to image cancer and to study processes inside cells,
Strano and the paper lead author, postdoc and plant biologist Juan Pablo Giraldo, envision turning plants into self-powered, photonic devices such as detectors for explosives or chemical weapons.
Giraldo says. t an opportunity for people from plant biology and the chemical engineering nanotechnology community to work together in an area that has a large potential.
That decoupling of the two parameters he says is something that biologists had observed in real fish.
Video Melanie Gonick All of our algorithms and control theory are designed pretty much with the idea that we ve got rigid systems with defined joints says Barry Trimmer a biology professor at Tufts University who specializes in biomimetic soft robots.
MIT cancer biologists have discovered now that certain proteins in this structure, known as the extracellular matrix, help cancer cells make their escape.
or it could be that you re interrogating a biological sample and too much light could damage it.
but other biological systems are the same. There could also be remote-sensing applications where you may want to look at something
#Biologists ID new cancer weakness About half of all cancer patients have a mutation in a gene called p53
A new study from MIT biologists has found that tumor cells with mutated p53 can be made much more vulnerable to chemotherapy by blocking another gene called MK2.
and an author of a paper describing the findings in the Oct 31 online edition of the journal Biology & Chemistry.
Ten years ago MIT researchers led by Susumu Tonegawa the Picower Professor of Biology and Neuroscience created mice lacking the gene for calcineurin in the forebrain;
and other biological components. n the biological domain, there are various molecules and atoms in contact with one another, sliding along like biomolecular motors,
from the nanoscale to the macroscale. he applications and related impact of their novel method propels a huge variety of research fields investigating effects relevant from raft tectonics down to biological systems
While this can be achieved through biological conversion (using bacteria to convert the nitrate to nitrogen gas),
and induce negative biological effects. However until this study their effect on the development of atherosclerosis has been largely unknown.
This reality leads to increased human exposure and interaction of silica-based nanoparticles with biological systems.
and Chemical Biology and Professor Walter Kolch in Systems Biology Ireland synthesised nanorods with a long iron segment coated with polyethylene glycol
and biological materials said Kong a graduate student in mechanical and aerospace engineering. Kong the lead author of the Oct 31 article describing the current work in the journal Nano Letters said that the contact lens project on the other hand involved the printing of active electronics using diverse materials.
or biological cells or to create antennas or photonic components. For this work we focused on creating nanostructures using photosensitive polymers
The research team received funding for their study from the Israel Ministry of Science and Technology the European Research Council and the Biotechnology and Biological sciences Research Council.
which exist in existing biological markers. The breakthrough has resulted in two papers published in Small one of the world's top scientific journals for material science and nanotechnology.
#A gut reaction Queen's university biologist Virginia Walker and Queen's SARC Awarded Postdoctoral Fellow Pranab Das have shown nanosilver
and surface biology of the body's own platelets they are able to accelerate natural healing processes
Xin Zhang research associate in the Division of Biology; and Jianzhen Zhang visiting scientist from Shanxi University in China developed the technology:
of 2 nm creating a powerful and versatile nanoscale imaging tool with exciting promise and potential for the materials and biological sciences.
Even in its present form the techniques demonstrated here can revolutionize nanoscale imaging in realms far beyond materials science including electronics and biology.
Froeter devised a way to mount the microtubes on glass slides, the standard for biological cultures.
You get a different biology chemistry and physics than you do with bigger things. And that's really attractive to scientists.
whereas others can be made in the lab sometimes from complex biological molecules. No says Graham.
or even individual cells and they are able to navigate through complex biological fluids. In the 1966 movie Fantastic Voyage a submarine complete with crew is shrunk in size
However because the researchers have in the long term set their sights on using the device in biological media they tested their swimmer directly in appropriate model fluids.
The scientists who have published their work in Nature Communications want to put their micro-swimmers to the test in specific biological fluids.
and other biological systems.""The results of this study were reported in Nano Letters in a paper titled"Graphene nanopore with a Self-Integrated Optical Antenna. e
This interfacial layer is critical to our understanding of a diverse set of phenomena from biology to materials science.
Moreover graphene is nontoxic to biological systems an improvement over previous research into transparent electrical contacts that are much thicker rigid difficult to manufacture and reliant on potentially toxic metal alloys.
and designed said Peng Yin senior author of the paper Wyss core faculty member and Assistant professor of Systems Biology at Harvard Medical school.
a field that uses biology to develop new tools for science, technology and medicine. The new study, published in print today in the journal Nano Letters,
demonstrates how stable'lipid membranes'the thin'skin'that surrounds all biological cells can be applied to synthetic surfaces.
Importantly, the new technique can use these lipid membranes to'draw'akin to using them like a biological ink with a resolution of 6 nanometres (6 billionths of a meter),
and promises the ability to position functional biological molecules such as those involved in taste, smell,
"explained Professor Evans. Aside from biological applications, this area of research could revolutionise renewable energy production. Working in collaboration with researchers at the University of Sheffield,
the researchers will be able to arbitrarily swap out the biological units and replace them with synthetic components to create a new generation of solar cells.
whereby engineering principles are being applied to biological parts whether it is for energy capture, or to create artificial noses for the early detection of disease
#New absorber will lead to better biosensors Biological sensors or biosensors are like technological canaries in the coalmine.
By converting a biological response into an optical or electrical signal they can alert us to dangers in our external and internal environments.
to computer logic architectures that replicate the versatility and response time of a biological neural network.""While more investigation needs to be done,
silicon nanoparticles may one day serve as easily detectable"tags"for tracking nanosized substances in biological, environmental or other dynamic systems s
Novel applications of'quantum dots'including lasers biological markers qubits for quantum computing and photovoltaic devices arise from the unique optoelectronic properties of the QDS
Because the toxicity of carbon nanotubes in biological applications remains an open question Pasquali said the fewer one uses the better.
In cells, nanomachines such as ribosomes and DNA polymerases stitch individual molecules together to form complex biological structures such as proteins and DNA molecules, the repositories of genetic information.
and it can interfere with the function of the biological nanomachines. Although light can be used to detect unlabelled biomolecules,
The researchers also needed a platform on which biological components, like br, could survive and connect with the titanium dioxide catalyst:
merged with biology, can create new sources of clean energy. Her team's discovery may provide future consumers a biologically-inspired alternative to gasoline."
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