and sensors work as theye supposed to on this new vehicle.""The Google car uses the same technology as its fleet of Lexus SUVS
It called FRED, for Field-Ready Electrochemical Detector, and it involves genetically engineered bacteria capable of sensing a variety of waterborne contaminants
A detector reads the response from the bacteria and after the reading is complete, a process that takes just one to two minutes,
For patients with significant motor impairments, BMI tech allows the use of artificial limbs by way of electrodes connected to the brain.
Scientists wired electrodes into the 28-year-old patient's sensory cortex, which is the part of the brain that identifies tactile sensations,
Embedded with force-sensitive contact sensors on each of its feet, the robotic legs determine the precise angle they need to assume to keep the helicopter from tipping over
Wee likely to be using a lot more batteries in coming years, particularly in consumer electronics and electric vehicles.
There scientists are following an approach known as direct air capture (DAC. The firm's Geoff Holmes says CDR has a role despite the study findings."
"Where other options are cheaper and quicker than DAC to mitigate emissions, let use them,
there are likely to be many types of emissions where using DAC is preferable to applying a fix at each source."
#Light-based memory chip is first to permanently store data Today electronic computer chips work at blazing speeds.
and moves data with photons of light instead of electrons would make today chips look like proverbial horses and buggies.
Now, one team of researchers reports that it has created the first permanent optical memory on a chip,
Researchers have made already photon-friendly chips, with optical lines that replace metal wires and optical memory circuits.
whether they could use this property to permanently store data on a chip and later read it Out to do used so,
they standard chipmaking technology to outfit a chip with a silicon nitride device, known as a waveguide,
the resulting chips have the potential to run at 50 to 100 times the speed of today computer processors f
The original mass sensor consists of a fluid-filled microchannel etched in a tiny silicon cantilever that vibrates inside a vacuum cavity.
They are also using the PLL approach to increase throughput by operating many cantilevers on a single chip.
therefore may help scientists improve the quality of superconducting magnets and sensors, and develop energy-efficient methods for transporting electricity.
They outfitted the robot feet with load sensors that measure the force exerted by each foot on the ground.
so that they can act as sensors, actuators, or logic. Tibbits gives an example of a project,
wee used to massive amounts of metal, sensors, electronics and actuators, he points out. ee interested in streamlining that,
We can have sensors, actuators, decision-making, or logic in the material itself. I think the future is not hard industrial machine robotics but robotics that is soft
now moving from systems to boards to chip packages to chips themselves. A related issue with input-output
Cutting costs to shed lightright now the optical transceiver is moving onto the circuit board; next it will move inside the chip package,
and then it will be inside the chip itself, says Kimerling. here are significant challenges for each one of those steps.
Cost, bandwidth density, and power efficiency are the big three, and cost is the one that really controlling the entry of photonics into the system.?
The hope with silicon photonics is that we can take the best from silicon integrated circuits including that design discipline to establish a process design kit that includes all the rules as to how to build a component,
the photonics occupy a negligible footprint on the chip. e and his colleagues are now working to demonstrate full-scale multi-core computing with an entire computer that uses only photons to communicate with memory,
Such approaches, focused on the long term, will achieve monolithic integration for chips with an electronic front end with optics embedded in the back end
Overall, the MIT patent portfolio in silicon photonics has grown to more than 60 patents that cover functions such as on-chip lasers, modulators and demodulators, and sensors.
Applications range from data processing and communications to sensors on a chip n
#A new molecular design approach For decades, materials scientists have worked to infuse the lessons learned from natural proteins into the design of new materials.
F Capture would enable motion capture without body sensors and could track actorsmovements even if they are behind furniture or walls.
to adhere to the metal electrodes. Initially working with Lew Meixler on a federal Cooperative Research and development Agreement in the Plasma Surface Laboratory, she solved the problem by treating the metal (steel or titanium) with a plasma.
such as glassy carbon, a commonly used electrode material. Creating the alloy particles in the gas phase provides a host of benefits.
to be miniaturized individually on separately fabricated chips. These components are assembled then manually using commercially available off-chip fluidic interconnects."
"This hybrid integration method leads to an increase in the fabrication cost since it involves the separate processing of the individual components,"Agah added.."
and performance can be achieved by the single chip or monolithic integration of micro gas chromatography components"he added.
His most recent advancement in this area is the subject of an article appearing in a peer-reviewed journal of the Royal Society of Chemistry called Lab on a Chip.
and Dr. Hamza Shakeel (Rawalpindi, Pakistan), developed a unique gas chromatography-on-chip module.""The experimental results are really encouraging
"The gas chromatography on-a-chip provides highly efficient separations and detection, reduced analysis times using temperature and flow programming,
and no deterioration of the detector excitation electrodes was observed after 12 hours of continuous operation n
For example, wearable/biomedical devices and electronic skins (e skins) should stretch to conform to arbitrarily curved surfaces and moving body parts such as joints, diaphragms, and tendons.
Although several researchers have explored diverse stretchable electronics, due to the absence of the appropriate device structures and correspondingly electrodes,
and hyper-stretchable elastic-composite generator (SEG) using very long silver nanowire-based stretchable electrodes. Their stretchable piezoelectric generator can harvest mechanical energy to produce high power output (4 V) with large elasticity (250%)and excellent durability (over 104 cycles.
These noteworthy results were achieved by the non-destructive stress-relaxation ability of the unique electrodes as well as the good piezoelectricity of the device components.
Inverter failures and fuse failures were reported more commonly than panel failure. Despite hurricanes hail, shading, vandalism,
The microfluidic chip was designed by Autocad software and manufactured from a widely used silicon-based organic polymer known as PDMS.
The chip itself is small-3 cm by 2 cm-and only costs about a dollar to manufacture, according to Sui.
Future work for Sui and Cheng involves expanding the chip's sample processing capacities to include other infectious diseases
"SMU is active on the LHC's ATLAS detector experimentwithin the big LHC tunnel, gigantic particle detectors at four interaction points along the ring record the proton collisions that are generated
With that many collisions, each detector captures collision events 40 million times each second. That's a lot of collision data, says SMU physicist Robert Kehoe, a member of the ATLAS particle detector experiment with Stroynowski and other SMU physicists.
524 small fiber-optic transmitters. A powerful and reliable workhorse, the link is one of thousands of critical components on the LHC that contributed to discovery and precision measurement of the Higgs boson.
The custom-made high-speed data transmitters were designed to withstand extremely harsh conditions low temperature and high radiation.""It's not always a smooth ride operating electronics in such a harsh environment,
"Failure of any transmitter results in the loss of a chunk of valuable data. We're working to improve the design for future detectors because by 2017 and 2018,
the existing optical data-link design won't be able to carry all the data.""Each electrical-to-optical and optical-to-electrical signal converter transmits 1. 6 gigabytes of data per second.
wickedly fast transmitters have been transmitting from the Liquid Argon Calorimeter for about 10 years. Upgraded optical data link is now in the works to accommodate beefed-up data flow A more powerful data link much smaller and faster than the current one'is in research and development now.
while at the same time maintaining the existing power supply and heat exchanger now in the ATLAS detector. The link will have the highest data density in the world of any data link based on the transmitter optical subassembly TOSA, a standard industrial package,
Ye said. Fine-tuning the new, upgraded machine will take several weeksthe world's most powerful machine for smashing protons together will require some"tuning"before physicists from around the world are ready to take data,
T. C. Chang Professor of Computer science at Columbia Engineering, has invented a prototype video camera that is the first to be fully self-poweredt can produce an image each second, indefinitely, of a well-lit indoor scene.
Digital imaging is expected to enable many emerging fields including wearable devices, sensor networks, smart environments, personalized medicine,
At the heart of any digital camera is an image sensor, a chip with millions of pixels.
Nayar, working with research engineer Daniel Sims BS'14 and consultant Mikhail Fridberg of ADSP Consulting, used off-the-shelf components to fabricate an image sensor with 30x40 pixels.
and charge the sensor's power supplyhe image sensor continuously toggles between image capture and power harvesting modes.
Nayar notes that the image sensor could use a rechargeable battery and charge it via its harvesting capability:"
"But we took an extreme approach to demonstrate that the sensor is indeed truly self-powered
""A few different designs for image sensors that can harvest energy have been proposed in the past. However, our prototype is the first demonstration of a fully self-powered video camera,
"he continues.""And, even though we've used off-the-shelf components to demonstrate our design, our sensor architecture easily lends itself to a compact solid-state imaging chip.
We believe our results are a significant step forward in developing an entirely new generation of cameras that can function for a very long durationdeally,
The sender and receiver usually called Alice and Bob respectively share a secret key made up of a series of quantum states that an eavesdropper,
receivers and other hardware used to implement it. According to Vadim Makarov of the University of Waterloo and colleagues, many scientists assume that
if Alice sets up a detector to measure the energy of the incoming photons, which sounds an alarm
The researchers discovered that they could burn a hole in the photodiode detector and render it either partially
They repeated the experiment using six detectors, and found that in each case"the damage was sufficient to permanently open the system up to the Trojan-horse attack,"
so that it misses the core of three of the four fibres leading to Bob's polarization detectors.
which detectors are used to measure which photons, and by doing so to steal the key unnoticed.
This attack can be prevented by placing a pinhole inside Bob's receiver an arrangement that limits the angles over
Better detectors Norbert Lütkenhaus of the University of Waterloo, who was involved not in the current work,
suggesting that an additional detector could be installed to register the light from any damaging laser beams.
But he points out that manufacturers will need to ensure that their new detectors are themselves resistant to any potential attack
This brought his attention to wearable sensors for humans, where the data collected is fed directly to robots for interpretation.
Because there are no sensors to detect the rope configuration, the locations of the narrow openings of the bridge must be measured and input to the system,
therefore may help scientists improve the quality of superconducting magnets and sensors, and develop energy-efficient methods for transporting electricity.
#Aluminum olk-and-Shellnanoparticle Boosts Capacity and Power of Lithium-ion Batteries One big problem faced by electrodes in rechargeable batteries,
creating an electrode made of nanoparticles with a solid shell, and a olkinside that can change size again and again without affecting the shell.
which use aluminum as the key material for the lithium-ion battery negative electrode, or anode, are reported in the journal Nature Communications, in a paper by MIT professor Ju Li and six others.
As a result, previous attempts to develop an aluminum electrode for lithium-ion batteries had failed.
hat separates the aluminum from the liquid electrolytebetween the battery two electrodes. The shell does not expand
but the inside of the electrode remains clean with no buildup of the SEIS, proving the shell fully encloses the aluminum
The result is an electrode that gives more than three times the capacity of graphite (1. 2 Ah/g) at a normal charging rate
The electrolyte in such batteries typically a liquid organic solvent whose function is to transport charged particles from one of a battery two electrodes to the other during charging
use these techniques on a gram-scale object to reduce quantum noise in detectors, thus increasing the sensitivity to pick up on those gravity waves,
Applications of these devices include advanced microscopes, displays, sensors, and cameras that can be mass-produced using the same techniques used to manufacture computer microchips. hese flat lenses will help us to make more compact and robust imaging assemblies,
said Mahmood Bagheri, a microdevices engineer at JPL and co-author of a new Nature Nanotechnology study describing the devices. urrently,
and the study principal investigator. ut this new technology is very similar to the one used to print semiconductor chips onto silicon wafers,
a Yale postdoctoral researcher in applied physics. xamples include more sensitive biological and chemical sensors, lasers with higher output power,
#New Technique Could Enable Chips with Thousands of Cores Researchers from MIT have unveiled the first fundamentally new approach to cache coherence in more than three decades,
a memory-management scheme that could help enable chips with thousands of cores. In a modern, multicore chip, every core or processor has its own small memory cache, where it stores frequently used data.
But the chip also has shared a larger cache, which all the cores can access. If one core tries to update data in the shared cache,
other cores working on the same data need to know. So the shared cache keeps a directory
In a 64-core chip, it might be 12 percent of the shared cache. And that percentage will only increase with the core count.
Envisioned chips with 128,256, or even 1, 000 cores will need a more efficient way of maintaining cache coherence.
In a 128-core chip that means that the new technique would require only one-third as much memory as its predecessor.
But with a 256-core chip, the space savings rises to 80 percent, and with a 1, 000-core chip, 96 percent.
When multiple cores are simply reading data stored at the same location, there no problem.
With a directory system, the chip looks up which cores are working on that data and sends them messages invalidating their locally stored copies of it. irectories guarantee that
In massively multicore chips, Yu says, this could lead to performance improvements as well. e didn see performance gains from that in these experiments,
however, that chip designers are conservative by nature. lmost all mass-produced commercial systems are based based on directory protocols,
#New Protein-Based Sensor Detects Viral Infection, Kills Cancer cells Biological engineers from MIT have designed a modular system of proteins that can detect a particular DNA sequence in a cell
This protein-based sensor can be customized to detect any DNA sequence in a mammalian cell
Engineers Build Protein-Based Sensor to Detect Viral Infection At left, cells glow red to indicate that the detection system has been delivered successfully.
The project involves installing high-performance power electronic converters at individual homes and offices. By doing this, utilities can increase the voltage sent over local networks to give customers more flexibility.
Tan and company built their igh Doppler resolution passive Wi-fi radaron two multi-frequency, software-defined, FPGA-based transceivers (National Instrumentsusrp,
the temperature of the road itself (taken by infrared sensors), barometric pressure, and of course the stage of those windshield wipers. e are pioneering the connected car,
and the graphene acts as the transparent electrode material. Graphene has long been pursued as a potential replacement for indium tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode material for displays.
Here again, graphene transparency, high conductivity, and potentially low cost seemed attractive to the researchers. The researchers improved on the conductivity of the graphene by coating it with a thin layer of a polymer that also served as an adhesion layer to the perovskite active layer during the lamination process.
which the graphene formed the top transparent electrodes. This approach maintained the transparency of the electrodes
while increasing their sheet resistance. A big concern for the researchers was lowering costs. They claim that their solar cells cost less than US$. 06/watt,
and the graphene acts as the transparent electrode material. Graphene has long been pursued as a potential replacement for indium tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode material for displays.
Here again, graphene transparency, high conductivity, and potentially low cost seemed attractive to the researchers. The researchers improved on the conductivity of the graphene by coating it with a thin layer of a polymer that also served as an adhesion layer to the perovskite active layer during the lamination process.
which the graphene formed the top transparent electrodes. This approach maintained the transparency of the electrodes
while increasing their sheet resistance. A big concern for the researchers was lowering costs. They claim that their solar cells cost less than US$. 06/watt,
Measuring Electrical resistance Graphene merits in electronic devices and as a light bulb coating are still being debated. But new results suggest the atom-thick carbon sheet has one clear advantage:
this observation could help lead to more sensitive hydrogen sensors for detecting leaks in fuel-cell-powered vehicles. ne main challenge
when working on hydrogen sensors is to design materials whose response to hydrogen is as linear and reversible as possible.
#Reseachers Create First Integrated Circularly Polarized Light Detector on a Silicon chip What do you get
It turns out to be integrated the first circularly polarized light detector on a silicon chip. Its development could usher in a new generation of portable sensors that can use polarized light for applications ranging from drug screening to quantum computing.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have used silver nanowires to fabricate a metamaterial that is capable of detecting polarized light in a way not unlike the way cuttlefish, bees,
Having a portable sensor capable of detecting a drug chirality could be a game changer. nexpensive CPL detectors could be integrated into the drug production process to provide real time sensing of drugs
in a press release. ortable detectors could be used to determine drug chirality in hospitals and in the field. n research published in the journal Nature Communications,
the researchers fabricated the portable CPL sensors by laying down nanowires in a zigzag pattern over a thin sheet of acrylic affixed to a thick silver plate.
the sensor could discern between left and right circularly polarized light. The researchers concede that their current prototype is not efficient enough to be commercially viable.
#Tunnel Transistor May Meet Power Needs of Future Chips A new kind of transistor consumes 90 percent less power than conventional transistors,
These findings could one day lead to super-dense low-power circuits as well as ultra-sensitive biosensors and gas sensors, the investigators added.
which serve as the building blocks of most microchips. Transistors act like switches that flick on and off to represent data as zeroes and ones.
and ultra-sensitive and low-power biosensors and gas sensors to enhance the Internet of things. However, Banerjee cautions that TFETS are designed not for speed
in the same way that Microsoft latest Xbox Kinect sensor works. The time of flight camera sends out bursts of microwaves
and return to the sensor. After doing some not very fancy math with the speed of light,
including the use of reconfigurable focal-plane sensors or shrinking the transmission wavelength from microwave (3 cm) down to millimeter wave (5 mm),
which is streamed efficiently through the chip without caching, says van Rooyen. Its algorithms are tailor-made to identify genetic mutations,
inexpensive but sophisticated hardware sensors have emerged to automate the collection of massive data sets. With these technology shifts, exciting technologies like drones, AI, satellite mapping, robotics,
In 2013, Apple acquired Primesense, the company which powered much of the tech that went into the original Kinect sensor.
if a user terminal was involved in the flow. And half the time you end up with fake emails and unverifiable information.
me a working system to control electronics in the home using an open and very usable chip interface.
Shaped like the Nest thermostat, the Control is actually a removable button/dial that you can carry from room to room to control lighting
Theye raised $3. 3 million to build out the product and they are already placing their specialized chips in OEM products around the world including Freemont
this new system will let customers take advantage of more advanced sensor and image processing tools without sacrificing an interface that actually usable for operators in the field.
such as wearable technology, embedded sensors, medical devices and Internet of things devices anything that doesn require massive amounts of electricity.
which has boosted security on its mobile app by using fingerprint sensors that are installed on some Samsung Electronics devices.
While traditional fingerprint authentication relies on capacitive touch-based sensors, the new Snapdragon solution features ultrasonic-based technology,
The goal is to create a direct-to-consumer brand (like Nest initial strategy with thermostats and then smoke detectors.
your name comes up on a transparent LCD screen box, and you pull out a bowl of quinoa.
#Mobile devices Will Either Have 3d Sensors Or Suffer Flat Sales When Apple hot on iphone 6ad campaign covered billboards and posters in 24 cities around the world,
Small, inexpensive sensors can now see our world in all three dimensions, for which consumer applications no amount of megapixels alone could achieve.
Apple recently confirmed acquiring 3d-sensor manufacturer Linx for $20 million. They didn say why,
when Allied Market research predicts 80 percent of smartphones will carry 3d sensors by 2018, earning a total of $2. 02 billion by 2020.
Allied Market research predicts 80 percent of smartphones will carry 3d sensors by 2018. And that just the start.
Full-sized 3d sensors are already being used for 3d scanning, a process that maps the exact size, shape and colors of a given object anything from a human face to priceless works of art.
The IDF15 keynote had Intel CEO Brian Krzanich quickly calculating storage space needed for objects by scanning them with a 3d sensor.
Based on human depth perception, this kind of sensor takes in feeds from two cameras (eyes) and compares the difference in horizontal placement of each object to calculate how far away it is.
Real-time environment maps provided by depth sensors are being used to test self-driving taxis and autonomous delivery drones.
wee sure to see loads of apps that make use of 3d sensors in ways even experts can predict.
SV Subba Rao said the phased array radar antenna is stationary while its beam generated by 4,
SV Subba Rao said the phased array radar antenna is stationary while its beam generated by 4,
#New lab-on-chip device to cut health test costs WASHINGTON: Scientists have developed a breakthrough lab-on-chip device that can substantially reduce the cost of sophisticated lab tests for medical disorders and diseases such as HIV,
Lyme disease and syphilis. The new device uses miniaturised channels and valves to replace"benchtop"assays-tests that require large samples of blood
The lab-on-chip device, which employs microfluidics technology, along with making tests more affordable for patients
The researchers combined several capabilities for the first time in the device they have dubbed"ELISA-on-a-chip"(for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The research was published in the journal Lab on a Chip p
#Robot journalist introduced in China A Chinese internet company has developed a robot journalist, who has written its first news story.
Electrode arrays were placed onto the man's sensory cortex, the brain region responsible for identi ying tactile sensations such as pressure.
The mechanical hand contains sophisticated torque sensors that can detect when pressure is being applied to any of its fingers,
and instead send messages through a computer algorithm to electrodes placed around the patient's knees to trigger controlled leg muscle movements.
#New chip-based technology to detect Ebola virus Researchers have developed a chip-based technology that can be integrated into a portable instrument for use in field situations where rapid,
Adding a"preconcentration"step during sample processing on the microfluidic chip extended the limit of detection well beyond that achieved by other chip-based approaches,
The system combined a microfluidic chip for sample preparation and an optofluidic chip for optical detection.
The microfluidic chip was made of a silicon-based polymer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and had microvalves and fluidic channels to transport the sample between nodes for various sample preparation steps.
and transferred to the optofluidic chip for optical detection. The study was published in the journal Scientific Reports s
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