The paper is titled"Highly sensitive and selective sensor chips with graphene oxide linking layer"."Valentyn Volkov is the co-lead author, a visiting professor from the University of Southern Denmark.
New GO based biosensor chips exploit the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR. Surface plasmons are electromagnetic waves propagating along a metal-dielectric interface (e g.,
These sensors can detect biomolecule adsorption even at a few trillionth of a gram per millimeter square.
Nevertheless, the most distinctive feature of such sensors is an ability to isualizemolecular interactions in real time.
With SPR sensors we just need to estimate the interaction between the drug and targets on the sensing surface,
Most commercial SPR sensor chips comprise a thin glass plate covered by gold layer with thiol
The biosensing sensitivity depends on the properties of chip surface. Higher binding capacity for biomolecules increases the signal levels and accuracy of analysis. The last several years
and patented a novel type of SPR sensor chips with the linking layer, made of GO, a material with more attractive optical and chemical properties than pristine graphene.
Scientists conducted a series of experiments with the GO chip the commercially available chip with carboxymethylated dextran (CMD) layer and the chip covered by monolayer graphene.
Experiments showed that the proposed GO chip has three times higher sensitivity than the CMD chip and 3. 7 times than the chip with pristine graphene.
These results mean, that the new chip needs much less molecules for detecting a compound
and can be used for analysis of chemical reactions with small drug molecules. An important advantage of the new GO based sensor chips is their simplicity
and low-cost fabrication compared to sensor chips that are already commercially available. ur invention will help in drug development against viral and cancer diseases.
We are expecting that pharmaceutical industry will express a strong demand for our technology Stebunov said. he sensor can also find applications in food quality control, toxin screening,
the sensor can significantly shorten a time for a clinical diagnostic, researcher added. However, the developed chip should go through a clinical trial for medical applications
#Crucial hurdle overcome in quantum computing: quantum logic gate in silicon built for the first time A team of Australian engineers has built a quantum logic gate in silicon for the first time,
making calculations between two qubits of information possible and thereby clearing the final hurdle to making silicon quantum computers a reality.
The significant advance, by a team at the University of New south wales (UNSW) in Sydney appears today in the international journal Nature. hat we have is a game changer,
Scientia Professor and Director of the Australian National Fabrication Facility at UNSW. ee demonstrated a two-qubit logic gate the central building block of a quantum computer and,
Because we use essentially the same device technology as existing computer chips, we believe it will be much easier to manufacture a full-scale processor chip than for any of the leading designs,
which rely on more exotic technologies. his makes the building of a quantum computer much more feasible,
and thereby create a logic gate using silicon. But the UNSW team working with Professor Kohei M. Itoh of Japan Keio University has done just that for the first time.
"He said that a key next step for the project is to identify the right industry partners to work with to manufacture the full-scale quantum processor chip.
the development of new, lighter and stronger materials spanning consumer electronics to aircraft; and faster information searching through large databases e
The sensor does need not to be activated chemically and is rapid-acting within five minutes-enabling the targeted antibodies to be detected easily, even in complex clinical samples such as blood serum."
the ions migrate from one electrode to the other and intercalate into the electrode. The team of scientists around Dasgupta has produced now a lithium-ion accumulator, in
which one electrode is made of maghemite, a ferromagnetic iron oxide(?-Fe2o3), and the other electrode consists of pure lithium metal.
Experiments revealed that lithium ion intercalation in maghemite reduces its magnetization at room temperature. By the specific control of the lithium ions,
i e. by charging and discharging the accumulator, magnetization of maghemite can be controlled. Similar to conventional lithium-ion accumulators, this effect can be repeated.
as they do in computer chips. As a semimetal, graphene naturally has no band-gaps, making it a challenge for widespread industry adoption.
"For use in electronic devices, the semiconductor industry is interested primarily in three faces of a germanium crystal.
It is the first time that a single detector has been able to monitor the spectral range from visible light to infrared radiation and right through to terahertz radiation.
The HZDR scientists are already using the new graphene detector for the exact synchronization of laser systems.
A tiny flake of graphene on silicon carbide and a futuristic-looking antenna and there it is the new graphene detector.
Like no other single detector system which has gone before, this comparatively simple and inexpensive construct can cover the enormous spectral range from visible light all the way to terahertz radiation."
"In contrast to other semiconductors like silicon or gallium arsenide, graphene can pick up light with a very large range of photon energies and convert it into electric signals.
We only needed a broadband antenna and the right substrate to create the ideal conditions,
had developed the precursor to the graphene detector. In his present position as a postdoc at the University of Maryland
the graphene flake and antenna assembly absorbs the rays, thereby transferring the energy of the photons to the electrons in the graphene.
These"hot electrons"increase the electrical resistance of the detector and generate rapid electric signals. The detector can register incident light in just 40 picoseconds these are billionths of a second.
Wide spectral range achieved through silicon carbide substratethe choice of substrate has now proved a pivotal step in improving the little light trap."
Then there is also an antenna which acts like a funnel and captures long-wave infrared and terahertz radiation.
This optical universal detector is already being used at the HZDR for the exact synchronization of the two free-electron lasers at the ELBE Center for High-power Radiation Sources with other lasers.
So the scientists are using the graphene detector like a stopwatch. It tells them when the laser pulses reach their goal,
and the large bandwidth helps to prevent a change of detector from being a potential source of error.
obviating the need for the expensive and time-consuming nitrogen or helium cooling processes with other detectors.
The external antenna on the detector captures long-wave infrared and terahertz radiation and funnels it to a graphene flake
It is the first time that a single detector has been able to monitor the spectral range from visible light to infrared radiation and right through to terahertz radiation.
The HZDR scientists are already using the new graphene detector for the exact synchronization of laser systems.
A tiny flake of graphene on silicon carbide and a futuristic-looking antenna and there it is the new graphene detector.
Like no other single detector system which has gone before, this comparatively simple and inexpensive construct can cover the enormous spectral range from visible light all the way to terahertz radiation."
"In contrast to other semiconductors like silicon or gallium arsenide, graphene can pick up light with a very large range of photon energies and convert it into electric signals.
We only needed a broadband antenna and the right substrate to create the ideal conditions,
had developed the precursor to the graphene detector. In his present position as a postdoc at the University of Maryland
the graphene flake and antenna assembly absorbs the rays, thereby transferring the energy of the photons to the electrons in the graphene.
These"hot electrons"increase the electrical resistance of the detector and generate rapid electric signals. The detector can register incident light in just 40 picoseconds these are billionths of a second.
Wide spectral range achieved through silicon carbide substrate The choice of substrate has now proved a pivotal step in improving the little light trap."
Then there is also an antenna which acts like a funnel and captures long-wave infrared and terahertz radiation.
This optical universal detector is already being used at the HZDR for the exact synchronization of the two free-electron lasers at the ELBE Center for High-power Radiation Sources with other lasers.
So the scientists are using the graphene detector like a stopwatch. It tells them when the laser pulses reach their goal,
and the large bandwidth helps to prevent a change of detector from being a potential source of error.
obviating the need for the expensive and time-consuming nitrogen or helium cooling processes with other detectors c
night-vision goggles and smoke detectors to surveillance systems and satellites-that rely on electronic light sensors. Integrated into a digital camera lens, for example, it could reduce bulkiness and boost both the acquisition speed and quality of video or still photos.
The researchers also placed electrodes under the phototransistor's ultrathin silicon nanomembrane layer-and the metal layer and electrodes each act as reflectors
and improve light absorption without the need for an external amplifier.""There's a built-in capability to sense weak light,
night-vision goggles and smoke detectors to surveillance systems and satellites-that rely on electronic light sensors. Integrated into a digital camera lens, for example, it could reduce bulkiness and boost both the acquisition speed and quality of video or still photos.
The researchers also placed electrodes under the phototransistor's ultrathin silicon nanomembrane layer-and the metal layer and electrodes each act as reflectors
and improve light absorption without the need for an external amplifier.""There's a built-in capability to sense weak light,
After repeated rounds of screening, the researchers used one of the most promising candidates to create a magnetic sensor consisting of enhanced ferritin modified with a protein tag that binds with another protein called streptavidin.
Such sensors could also be used to monitor the effectiveness of stem cell therapies, Jasanoff says. s stem cell therapies are developed,
The researchers are now working on adapting the magnetic sensors to work in mammalian cells. They are also trying to make the engineered ferritin even more strongly magnetic e
Potential applications for the nanotweezer include improved-sensitivity nanoscale sensors and the study of synthetic and natural nanoobjects including viruses and proteins;
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th,
Other potential applications include goggles, periscopes, optical instruments, photodetectors and sensors. In addition, the superhydrophobic property can be effective at preventing ice
if you hold two electrodes into an aqueous electrolyte and apply a sufficient voltage, gas bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen are formed.
Electrodes that so far have been used are made of very expensive elements such as platinum or platinum-iridium alloys.
the majority of the required voltage between the composite photocathode and a platinum counter electrode of around 1. 8 volts is still coming from a battery.
thanks to diamond nanocrystals used as temperature sensors Abstract: Precise targeting biological molecules, such as cancer cells,
The novelty of this study is that it shows that it is possible to use diamond nanocrystals as hypersensitive temperature sensors with a high spatial resolution-ranging from 10 to 100 nanometers-to monitor the amount of heat delivered to cancer cells s
Like the Tour lab's previous discovery of silicon oxide memories, the new devices require only two electrodes per circuit,
"The layered structure consists of tantalum, nanoporous tantalum oxide and multilayer graphene between two platinum electrodes.
This advance could allow manufacturers to easily use graphene nanoribbons in hybrid integrated circuits, which promise to significantly boost the performance of next-generation electronic devices.
The technology could also have specific uses in industrial and military applications such as sensors that detect specific chemical and biological species
and photonic devices that manipulate light. In a paper published Aug 10 in the journal Nature Communications, Michael Arnold, an associate professor of materials science and engineering at UW-Madison, Ph d. student Robert Jacobberger,
the material most commonly found in today's computer chips. But to exploit graphene's remarkable electronic properties in semiconductor applications where current must be switched on and off
#New optical chip lights up the race for quantum computer The microprocessor inside a computer is a single multipurpose chip that has revolutionised people's life,
Now, researchers from the University of Bristol in the UK and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) in Japan, have pulled off the same feat for light in the quantum world by developing an optical chip that can process photons in an infinite number
The fully reprogrammable chip brings together a multitude of existing quantum experiments and can realise a plethora of future protocols that have not even been conceived yet, marking a new era of research for quantum scientists and engineers at the cutting edge of quantum technologies.
"A whole field of research has essentially been put onto a single optical chip that is easily controlled.
"The team demonstrated the chip's unique capabilities by reprogramming it to rapidly perform a number of different experiments, each
it took seconds to re-programme the chip, and milliseconds for the chip to switch to the new experiment.
We carried out a year's worth of experiments in a matter of hours. What we're really excited about is using these chips to discover new science that we haven't even thought of yet."
"The device was made possible because the world's leading quantum photonics group teamed up with Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT), the world's leading telecommunications company.
and plans to add more chips like this one to the service so others can discover the quantum world for themselves s
wearable electronics and sensors for monitoring airman health/performance; conformal electronics and antennas for maximizing space efficiency and reducing aerodynamic drag;
and inherently more durable circuits that will withstand the extreme strain, shock, and vibration environments typical of Air force missions.
We have fabricated also Li-ion batteries based on structurally resilient carbon nanotube-based electrodes that have survived thousands of flexing cycles.
The common, rigid printed circuit board is slowly being replaced by a thin ribbon of resilient, high-performance electronics.
With our technology, we can take a razor-thin silicon integrated circuit, a few hundred nanometers thick,
and strains and report this information through miniature embedded antennas to ground crews or a pilot.
wearable patch and would include an antenna to transmit these biometric signals to the pilot or a ground team.
This type of monitoring dispenses with the need for the bulky electrodes and wiring that normally are associated with close medical surveillance."
two electrodes--one photoanode and one photocathode--and a membrane. The photoanode uses sunlight to oxidize water molecules,
and many toothpastes and sunscreens--onto the electrodes could prevent them from corroding while still allowing light
HILLS AND POTHOLES Many of these types of flexible electronic devices will rely on thin films of organic materials that catch sunlight
#First realization of an electric circuit with a magnetic insulator using spin waves In our current electronic equipment,
Duine from Utrecht University have succeeded to use spin waves in an electric circuit by carefully designing the device geometry.
and hence enables the spin waves to be used in an electric circuit. The spin wave circuit that the researchers built,
they could be used widely in many applications including as exceptionally strong components in personal electronic devices, in space exploration vehicles,
the sensor is very sensitive to changes in electromagnetic fields that are dispersed with different tissues (normal and tumor.
The role of nanosensor between body surface and the detector is to strengthen the signal and taking samples through plasmonic effects of nanoparticles.
At the Frontiers in Optics conference researchers will describe a custom-built ultrafast laser that could help image everything from semiconductor chips to cells in real time Using ultrafast beams of extreme ultraviolet light streaming at a 100,000 times a second, researchers
Their new approach could be used to study everything from semiconductor chips to cancer cells. The team will present their work at the Frontiers in Optics
and find their way onto a detector, creating a diffraction pattern. By analyzing that pattern,
the detector must be placed close to the target material--similar to placing a specimen close to a microscope to boost the magnification.
hardly any photons will bounce off the target at large enough angles to reach the detector.
Engineers can use this to hunt for tiny defects in semiconductor chips. Biologists can zoom in on the organelles that make up a cell.
That means the materials aren't durable enough for consumer electronics or biomedical devices.""Metallic materials often exhibit high cycle fatigue,
or organ surfaces, suggest the nanomesh"might be implanted in the body as a pacemaker electrode,
The key breakthrough will allow large quantities of data to be stored directly on an integrated optical chip,
a stumbling block so far has been the storage of large quantities of data directly on integrated chips in the optical domain.
The team of scientists from Germany and England have made a key breakthrough by capturing light on an integrated chip,
so developing the first permanent, all-optical on-chip memory. The research is published in leading scientific journal, Nature Photonics.
by delivering extremely fast on-chip optical data storage"In addition, he says, "the written state is preserved
when the power is removed, unlike most current on-chip memories"."The scientists from Oxford, Exeter, Karlsruhe and Mnster used so-called phase change materials at heart of their all-optical memory.
(or traffic) at the surface of a sensor, which drastically reduced the signal of our tests,
and limits the ability of this DNA to hybridize to its complementary strand located on the surface of a gold electrode.
Using a distant detector on the other side of the sample, the researchers recorded the sample's high-resolution hologram,
Reliable, ultrathin wearable electronic devices that stick to the skin like a temporary tattoo are a relatively new innovation.
"We are trying to add more types of sensors including blood pressure and oxygen saturation monitors to the low-cost patch."
Stretch Med is developing human electrophysiological sensors for clinical use, drawing on some of the patent-pending technologies described in this release e
which may possibly be used to extend battery lifetimes A battery cell consists of a positive and negative electrode,
The availability of stable magnetic skyrmions at room temperature opens up new studies on their properties and potential development in electronic devices,
and are compatible with existing chip manufacturing processes, "Chang says.""Our next steps include integrating these materials into functional optical and electronic devices
#Researchers from Kiel and Bochum develop new information storage device Scientists from Kiel University and the Ruhr Universität Bochum (RUB) have developed a new way to store information that uses ions to save data
It consists of two metallic electrodes that are separated by a so-called solid ion conductor usually a transition metal oxide.
and reduction processes on the electrodes, as well as ions within the layer between being displaced. The advantage is that cells that are constructed in this way are easy to produce
including computer chips and other optoelectronic components.""Our results demonstrate relatively fast modulation from fundamentally slow phosphorescent light emitters,
One example could be optical communications networks on computer chips. Prototype on-chip networks have used semiconductor lasers as light emitters.
They can modulate very quickly, but they have downsides. Semiconductors can't be grown directly on a silicon chip,
for example--makes for bulky systems that take up a lot of real estate on a chip. What's more, semiconductor lasers are not particularly efficient.
There's still more work to be done to get such a system up to a speed that would be useful on a chip,
This phase, characterized by an unusual ordering of electrons, offers possibilities for new electronic device functionalities and could hold the solution to a longstanding mystery in condensed matter physics having to do with high-temperature superconductivity--the ability
The typical scale of eletronic transistors--the basis of contemporary electronic devices--is less than 100 nanometers
In the nearest future, we are going to test such nanoparticles in integrated circuits
#Magnetic Nanosorbents Eliminate Fluoride from Water Researchers from Tehran University of Medical sciences used low-cost and available raw materials for the laboratorial production of nanosorbents with high efficiency in elimination of fluoride from contaminated water.
This way they generate an interference pattern at the detector from which an atomic 3d-structure of the examined substance is reconstructed.
Now Accion has developed a commercial electrospray propulsion system their first is about the size of a pack of gum made of tiny chips that provide thrust for small satellites.
a module comprising eight chips each about 1 square centimeter, and 2 millimeters thick that can be applied anywhere on a satellite.
Above the reservoir are the chips, which each have a porous substrate with about 500 pointed tips and, above that, an extractor grid with small holes.
and a simple design, Accion can batch-manufacture modules much like computer chips in quantities of around 200 at once.
and sensors that can detect otherwise imperceptible defects in buildings, bridges, and aircraft.""This is the first time anybody has made a flexible chameleon-like skin that can change color simply by flexing it,
More day-to-day applications could include sensors that would change color to indicate that structural fatigue was stressing critical components on bridges, buildings,
#Nanotechnology may double radio frequency data capacity A team of Columbia Engineering researchers has invented a technology--full-duplex radio integrated circuits (ICS)--that can be implemented in nanoscale CMOS to enable simultaneous transmission and reception
transmitters and receivers either work at different times or at the same time but at different frequencies. The Columbia team, led by Electrical engineering Associate professor Harish Krishnaswamy,
Cosmic (Columbia High-speed and Mm-wave IC) Lab full-duplex transceiver IC that can be implemented in nanoscale CMOS to enable simultaneous transmission and reception at the same frequency in a wireless radio.
So the ability to have a transmitter and receiver reuse the same frequency has the potential to immediately double the data capacity of today's networks.
Krishnaswamy notes that other research groups and startup companies have demonstrated the theoretical feasibility of simultaneous transmission and reception at the same frequency,
"The biggest challenge the team faced with full duplex was canceling the transmitter's echo.
"Transmitter echo or'self-interference'cancellation has been a fundamental challenge, especially when performed in a tiny nanoscale IC,
avoiding the need for transceiver assemblies. The new technique, which will be presented 25 march at this year's OFC Conference and Exposition in Los angeles, California,
The optical chip needs to be as close to the electrical chip as possible to minimize the distance of electrical connection between them.
"In addition to the silicon technology advancements at the chip-level, novel system-level integration concepts are required also to fully profit from the new capabilities silicon photonics will bring,
Optical interconnect technology is incorporated currently into data centers by attaching discrete transceivers or active optical cables,
The prepackaged transceivers are large and expensive, limiting their large-scale use, Offrein said. Furthermore, such transceivers are mounted at the edge of the board,
resulting in a large distance between the processor chip and the optical components. Offrein and his IBM colleagues from Europe
the United states and Japan instead proposed an integration scheme in which the silicon photonic chips are treated similarly to ordinary silicon processor chips
and are attached directly to the processor package without preassembling them into standard transceiver housings. This improves the performance
and power efficiency of the optical interconnects while reducing the cost of assembly. Challenges arise because alignment tolerances in photonics are critical (sub-micron range)
to be published Monday, March 16, in the journal Current Biology, showcases the potential of wireless sensors in biological research.
The beetle backpack is made up of a tiny, off-the-shelf microcontroller and a built-in wireless receiver and transmitter.
Six electrodes are connected to the beetle's optic lobes and flight muscles. The entire device is powered by a 3. 9-volt micro lithium battery
"We could easily add a small microphone and thermal sensors for applications in search -and-rescue missions.
With this technology, we could safely explore areas not accessible before, such as the small nooks and crevices in a collapsed building."
Once successfully implemented, the technology could allow for highly accurate motion sensors that could detect the slightest tremor,
and use it to light up a small LCD display. American Chemical Society) Sang-Woo Kim
which was used to power light-emitting diodes, a liquid crystal display and a vehicle's keyless entry remote. The cloth worked for more than 12,000 cycles.
or inhibit optical nonlinearities in a chip-scale device has been developed by scientists, led by the University of Sydney.
and sound on chip scale devices. The effect we looked at (known as stimulated Brillouin scattering) occurs
To address this, the researchers introduced a grating structure on to the chip. The grating,
On-chip optical research is a thriving and competitive area because of its importance to manipulating classical
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