The sender and receiver usually called Alice and Bob respectively share a secret key made up of a series of quantum states that an eavesdropper,
receivers and other hardware used to implement it. According to Vadim Makarov of the University of Waterloo and colleagues, many scientists assume that
if Alice sets up a detector to measure the energy of the incoming photons, which sounds an alarm
The researchers discovered that they could burn a hole in the photodiode detector and render it either partially
They repeated the experiment using six detectors, and found that in each case"the damage was sufficient to permanently open the system up to the Trojan-horse attack,"
so that it misses the core of three of the four fibres leading to Bob's polarization detectors.
which detectors are used to measure which photons, and by doing so to steal the key unnoticed.
This attack can be prevented by placing a pinhole inside Bob's receiver an arrangement that limits the angles over
Better detectors Norbert Lütkenhaus of the University of Waterloo, who was involved not in the current work,
suggesting that an additional detector could be installed to register the light from any damaging laser beams.
But he points out that manufacturers will need to ensure that their new detectors are themselves resistant to any potential attack
This brought his attention to wearable sensors for humans, where the data collected is fed directly to robots for interpretation.
Because there are no sensors to detect the rope configuration, the locations of the narrow openings of the bridge must be measured and input to the system,
ingestible electronics, which can diagnose and monitor a variety of conditions in the GI TRACT; or extended-release drug-delivery systems that could last for weeks
therefore may help scientists improve the quality of superconducting magnets and sensors, and develop energy-efficient methods for transporting electricity.
which could make them lose their superfluid properties. t a complicated experiment, with a lot of laser beams, electronics,
who led the current research. hey found the lesions were very persistent in DNA, meaning we don have a repair system to take them out,
#Aluminum olk-and-Shellnanoparticle Boosts Capacity and Power of Lithium-ion Batteries One big problem faced by electrodes in rechargeable batteries,
creating an electrode made of nanoparticles with a solid shell, and a olkinside that can change size again and again without affecting the shell.
which use aluminum as the key material for the lithium-ion battery negative electrode, or anode, are reported in the journal Nature Communications, in a paper by MIT professor Ju Li and six others.
The use of nanoparticles with an aluminum yolk and a titanium dioxide shell has proven to be he high-rate champion among high-capacity anodes
As a result, previous attempts to develop an aluminum electrode for lithium-ion batteries had failed.
hat separates the aluminum from the liquid electrolytebetween the battery two electrodes. The shell does not expand
but the inside of the electrode remains clean with no buildup of the SEIS, proving the shell fully encloses the aluminum
The result is an electrode that gives more than three times the capacity of graphite (1. 2 Ah/g) at a normal charging rate
researchers from the Pohang University of Science and Technology detail how they were able to turn black phosphorus into a superior conductor that can be mass produced for electronic and optoelectronics devices.
affiliated with the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic systems (CALDES), reported a tunable band gap in BP,
This research outcome potentially allows for great flexibility in the design and optimization of electronic and optoelectronic devices like solar panels and telecommunication lasers.
This amalgamation makes it a terrifically attractive material to apply to scientific developments in a wide variety of fields, such as electronics, aerospace and sports.
the semiconductor potential can be realized because the conductivity can be shut off, even at low temperatures. This obviously dilutes its appeal as a semiconductor,
as shutting off conductivity is a vital part of a semiconductor function. Birth of a Revolutionphosphorus is the fifteenth element in the periodic table
and lends its name to an entire class of compounds. Indeed it could be considered an archetype of chemistry itself.
Like graphene, BP is a semiconductor and also cheap to mass produce. The one big difference between the two is BP natural band gap
a unique state of matter that is different from conventional semiconductors. he potential for this new improved form of black phosphorus is beyond anything the Korean team hoped for,
and Samsung have developed an approach for a solid electrolyte that could greatly improve both battery lifetime and safety,
Now researchers at MIT and Samsung, and in California and Maryland, have developed a new approach to one of the three basic components of batteries, the electrolyte.
The electrolyte in such batteries typically a liquid organic solvent whose function is to transport charged particles from one of a battery two electrodes to the other during charging
The research that led to a workable solid-state electrolyte was part of an ongoing partnership with the Korean electronics company Samsung, through the Samsung Advanced Institute of technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts,
and Lincoln Miara at Samsung. The work is part of an alliance between MIT and the Samsung Advanced Institute of technology focusing on the development of materials for clean energy.
Publication: Yan Wang, et al. esign principles for solid-state lithium superionic conductors, i
#Hubble Reveals That Markarian 231 Is powered by a Double Black hole Using NASA Hubble space telescope, a team of astronomers discovered that Markarian 231 is powered by two central black holes furiously whirling about each other.
use these techniques on a gram-scale object to reduce quantum noise in detectors, thus increasing the sensitivity to pick up on those gravity waves,
Applications of these devices include advanced microscopes, displays, sensors, and cameras that can be mass-produced using the same techniques used to manufacture computer microchips. hese flat lenses will help us to make more compact and robust imaging assemblies,
said Mahmood Bagheri, a microdevices engineer at JPL and co-author of a new Nature Nanotechnology study describing the devices. urrently,
and the study principal investigator. ut this new technology is very similar to the one used to print semiconductor chips onto silicon wafers,
Semiconductor lasers typically emit into elliptical beams that are really hard to work with and the new metasurface optical components could replace expensive optical systems used to circularize the beams.
a Yale postdoctoral researcher in applied physics. xamples include more sensitive biological and chemical sensors, lasers with higher output power,
#New Technique Could Enable Chips with Thousands of Cores Researchers from MIT have unveiled the first fundamentally new approach to cache coherence in more than three decades,
a memory-management scheme that could help enable chips with thousands of cores. In a modern, multicore chip, every core or processor has its own small memory cache, where it stores frequently used data.
But the chip also has shared a larger cache, which all the cores can access. If one core tries to update data in the shared cache,
other cores working on the same data need to know. So the shared cache keeps a directory
In a 64-core chip, it might be 12 percent of the shared cache. And that percentage will only increase with the core count.
Envisioned chips with 128,256, or even 1, 000 cores will need a more efficient way of maintaining cache coherence.
In a 128-core chip that means that the new technique would require only one-third as much memory as its predecessor.
But with a 256-core chip, the space savings rises to 80 percent, and with a 1, 000-core chip, 96 percent.
When multiple cores are simply reading data stored at the same location, there no problem.
With a directory system, the chip looks up which cores are working on that data and sends them messages invalidating their locally stored copies of it. irectories guarantee that
In massively multicore chips, Yu says, this could lead to performance improvements as well. e didn see performance gains from that in these experiments,
however, that chip designers are conservative by nature. lmost all mass-produced commercial systems are based based on directory protocols,
and theye being eyed for use as building blocks in hybrid structures with unique properties for electronics,
#New Protein-Based Sensor Detects Viral Infection, Kills Cancer cells Biological engineers from MIT have designed a modular system of proteins that can detect a particular DNA sequence in a cell
This protein-based sensor can be customized to detect any DNA sequence in a mammalian cell
Engineers Build Protein-Based Sensor to Detect Viral Infection At left, cells glow red to indicate that the detection system has been delivered successfully.
The nanoparticle hydrophilic layer essentially locks in the active ingredient, a hydrophobic chemical called padimate O. Some sunscreen solutions that use larger particles of inorganic compounds, such as titanium dioxide or zinc oxide,
Similarly, liquid cooling for high-performance electronics also could be made more efficient by being able to control the rate of bubbling to prevent overheating in hotspots,
especially in the electronics cooling industry to cool hot spots. Such strategies can be applied effectively through simple electric controls using the new technology.
The project involves installing high-performance power electronic converters at individual homes and offices. By doing this, utilities can increase the voltage sent over local networks to give customers more flexibility.
Tan and company built their igh Doppler resolution passive Wi-fi radaron two multi-frequency, software-defined, FPGA-based transceivers (National Instrumentsusrp,
promising a new approach to electronics. It even been engineered to act like a semiconductor with a band gap for stopping
and starting the flow of electrons, thus offering an alternative to silicon in electronics. Despite these properties,
and a host of others that seem to sprout up regularly, nobody had been able to make graphene behave as a superconductor, until now.
The key observation was increased that this number of coupled pairs led to superconductivity, which the researchers measured by identifying an energy gap between the material's conducting and nonconducting electrons.
the temperature of the road itself (taken by infrared sensors), barometric pressure, and of course the stage of those windshield wipers. e are pioneering the connected car,
and the graphene acts as the transparent electrode material. Graphene has long been pursued as a potential replacement for indium tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode material for displays.
Here again, graphene transparency, high conductivity, and potentially low cost seemed attractive to the researchers. The researchers improved on the conductivity of the graphene by coating it with a thin layer of a polymer that also served as an adhesion layer to the perovskite active layer during the lamination process.
which the graphene formed the top transparent electrodes. This approach maintained the transparency of the electrodes
while increasing their sheet resistance. A big concern for the researchers was lowering costs. They claim that their solar cells cost less than US$. 06/watt,
and the graphene acts as the transparent electrode material. Graphene has long been pursued as a potential replacement for indium tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode material for displays.
Here again, graphene transparency, high conductivity, and potentially low cost seemed attractive to the researchers. The researchers improved on the conductivity of the graphene by coating it with a thin layer of a polymer that also served as an adhesion layer to the perovskite active layer during the lamination process.
which the graphene formed the top transparent electrodes. This approach maintained the transparency of the electrodes
while increasing their sheet resistance. A big concern for the researchers was lowering costs. They claim that their solar cells cost less than US$. 06/watt,
The scientists cut kirigami designs into a 3-micron-thick flexible crystalline gallium arsenide solar cells mounted on plastic sheets.
Measuring Electrical resistance Graphene merits in electronic devices and as a light bulb coating are still being debated. But new results suggest the atom-thick carbon sheet has one clear advantage:
which are taken using a device made of thin layers of gallium arsenide and aluminum gallium arsenide, can require a 10-Tesla magnetic field (and so a massive superconducting magnet) and temperatures within a few degrees of absolute zero.
Researchers have suspected long that the unique behavior of electrons in graphene, namely the big spacing between electron energy levels when the material is exposed to a magnetic field,
The team found they could measure resistance with a level of accuracy rivaling those yielded by gallium arsenide devices,
this observation could help lead to more sensitive hydrogen sensors for detecting leaks in fuel-cell-powered vehicles. ne main challenge
when working on hydrogen sensors is to design materials whose response to hydrogen is as linear and reversible as possible.
#Reseachers Create First Integrated Circularly Polarized Light Detector on a Silicon chip What do you get
It turns out to be integrated the first circularly polarized light detector on a silicon chip. Its development could usher in a new generation of portable sensors that can use polarized light for applications ranging from drug screening to quantum computing.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have used silver nanowires to fabricate a metamaterial that is capable of detecting polarized light in a way not unlike the way cuttlefish, bees,
Having a portable sensor capable of detecting a drug chirality could be a game changer. nexpensive CPL detectors could be integrated into the drug production process to provide real time sensing of drugs
in a press release. ortable detectors could be used to determine drug chirality in hospitals and in the field. n research published in the journal Nature Communications,
the researchers fabricated the portable CPL sensors by laying down nanowires in a zigzag pattern over a thin sheet of acrylic affixed to a thick silver plate.
the sensor could discern between left and right circularly polarized light. The researchers concede that their current prototype is not efficient enough to be commercially viable.
#Tunnel Transistor May Meet Power Needs of Future Chips A new kind of transistor consumes 90 percent less power than conventional transistors,
dramatically exceeding a theoretical limit for electronics, researchers say. These findings could one day lead to super-dense low-power circuits as well as ultra-sensitive biosensors and gas sensors, the investigators added.
The relentless advance of computing power over the past half-century has relied on constant miniaturization of field-effect transistors (FETS),
which serve as the building blocks of most microchips. Transistors act like switches that flick on and off to represent data as zeroes and ones.
A key challenge that FETS now face is reducing the power they consume. The switching properties of conventional FETS are restricted currently by a theoretical limit of 60 millivolts per decade of current at room temperature.
This limit, known as the subthreshold swing, means that each 60-millivolt increase in voltage leads to a 10-fold increase in current.
This led to a more than 90 percent reduction in power consumption compared with conventional FETS. The scientists and engineers detailed their findings in the 1 oct. issue of the journal Nature. his transistor represents a major breakthrough in the electronics and semiconductor industry
says study co-author Kaustav Banerjee, an electrical engineer at UCSB. The new TFET is made from two atomically-thin layers of semiconducting molybdenum sulfide crystal on top of a substrate of germanium.
Until now, the only experimental TFET to meet the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) goal of average subthreshold swing below 60 millivolts per decade over four decades of current was a transistor that used nanowires.
But that type is often challenging to fabricate using conventional semiconductor manufacturing techniques. This new TFET not only meets the ITRS goal
UCSB Banerjee suggests that potential applications for these new TFETS may include ultra-low-power electronics and computing,
and ultra-sensitive and low-power biosensors and gas sensors to enhance the Internet of things. However, Banerjee cautions that TFETS are designed not for speed
or high performance. hey are desirable for low-power electronics, he says s
#MIT's 3-D Microwave Camera Can See through Walls Visible light is all well and good for things like eyeballs,
in the same way that Microsoft latest Xbox Kinect sensor works. The time of flight camera sends out bursts of microwaves
and return to the sensor. After doing some not very fancy math with the speed of light,
including the use of reconfigurable focal-plane sensors or shrinking the transmission wavelength from microwave (3 cm) down to millimeter wave (5 mm),
which is streamed efficiently through the chip without caching, says van Rooyen. Its algorithms are tailor-made to identify genetic mutations,
They are used also to manufacture semiconductors, probe new materials, illuminate too-fast-to-follow chemical reactions,
#Bright blue PHOLEDS Almost Ready for TV A new energy-efficient organic LED (OLED) that glows a deep blue is finally close to meeting the most stringent U s. video display brightness requirements,
OLEDS have enabled a new generation of bright, high-quality, low-cost, power-efficient, flexible, lightweight flat panel displays.
Each pixel in an OLED display typically consists of red, green, and blue OLEDS that shine with different brightnesses to produce any desired color.
Phosphorescent OLEDS (PHOLEDS) use only one quarter the energy of conventional OLEDS. Green and red PHOLEDS are used already in smartphones and TVS
leading to longer battery lives and lower electricity bills, but developing the kind of bright deep blue PHOLEDS needed for video displays has proven challenging.
This restriction of electron movement results in a junction-like structure that changes from a zero-gap conductor to a semiconductor and back to zero-gap conductor.
The discovery that it was possible to produce graphene semiconductors without the need to chemically dope the carbon sheets was the result of trying to produce graphene films using chemical vapor deposition (CVD.
which meant that they could act as semiconductors a
#Agtech Is The New Queen Of Green Before Monsanto acquired Climate Corporation in late 2013 for nearly $1 billion,
inexpensive but sophisticated hardware sensors have emerged to automate the collection of massive data sets. With these technology shifts, exciting technologies like drones, AI, satellite mapping, robotics,
In 2013, Apple acquired Primesense, the company which powered much of the tech that went into the original Kinect sensor.
if a user terminal was involved in the flow. And half the time you end up with fake emails and unverifiable information.
me a working system to control electronics in the home using an open and very usable chip interface.
Shaped like the Nest thermostat, the Control is actually a removable button/dial that you can carry from room to room to control lighting
Theye raised $3. 3 million to build out the product and they are already placing their specialized chips in OEM products around the world including Freemont
CA-based Soraa who is using the technology in their connected LED lamps. ee built the unique architecture where devices form a native,
this new system will let customers take advantage of more advanced sensor and image processing tools without sacrificing an interface that actually usable for operators in the field.
such as wearable technology, embedded sensors, medical devices and Internet of things devices anything that doesn require massive amounts of electricity.
which has boosted security on its mobile app by using fingerprint sensors that are installed on some Samsung Electronics devices.
Qualcomm Technologies recently announced the development of the first comprehensive mobile biometric solution based on ultrasonic technology.
While traditional fingerprint authentication relies on capacitive touch-based sensors, the new Snapdragon solution features ultrasonic-based technology,
The goal is to create a direct-to-consumer brand (like Nest initial strategy with thermostats and then smoke detectors.
your name comes up on a transparent LCD screen box, and you pull out a bowl of quinoa.
#Mobile devices Will Either Have 3d Sensors Or Suffer Flat Sales When Apple hot on iphone 6ad campaign covered billboards and posters in 24 cities around the world,
Small, inexpensive sensors can now see our world in all three dimensions, for which consumer applications no amount of megapixels alone could achieve.
Apple recently confirmed acquiring 3d-sensor manufacturer Linx for $20 million. They didn say why,
when Allied Market research predicts 80 percent of smartphones will carry 3d sensors by 2018, earning a total of $2. 02 billion by 2020.
Allied Market research predicts 80 percent of smartphones will carry 3d sensors by 2018. And that just the start.
Full-sized 3d sensors are already being used for 3d scanning, a process that maps the exact size, shape and colors of a given object anything from a human face to priceless works of art.
The IDF15 keynote had Intel CEO Brian Krzanich quickly calculating storage space needed for objects by scanning them with a 3d sensor.
Based on human depth perception, this kind of sensor takes in feeds from two cameras (eyes) and compares the difference in horizontal placement of each object to calculate how far away it is.
Real-time environment maps provided by depth sensors are being used to test self-driving taxis and autonomous delivery drones.
wee sure to see loads of apps that make use of 3d sensors in ways even experts can predict.
Prasad said Raythaeon, Northrop grumman, Lockheed martin, of the US, Thales, Canada-Europe, Elta of Israel and NEC of Japan have the capability to make such systems.
SV Subba Rao said the phased array radar antenna is stationary while its beam generated by 4,
Prasad said Raythaeon, Northrop grumman, Lockheed martin, of the US, Thales, Canada-Europe, Elta of Israel and NEC of Japan have the capability to make such systems.
SV Subba Rao said the phased array radar antenna is stationary while its beam generated by 4,
"One purpose of this experiment was to show we could integrate bacterial catalysts with semiconductor technology.
#New lab-on-chip device to cut health test costs WASHINGTON: Scientists have developed a breakthrough lab-on-chip device that can substantially reduce the cost of sophisticated lab tests for medical disorders and diseases such as HIV,
Lyme disease and syphilis. The new device uses miniaturised channels and valves to replace"benchtop"assays-tests that require large samples of blood
The lab-on-chip device, which employs microfluidics technology, along with making tests more affordable for patients
The researchers combined several capabilities for the first time in the device they have dubbed"ELISA-on-a-chip"(for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The research was published in the journal Lab on a Chip p
#Robot journalist introduced in China A Chinese internet company has developed a robot journalist, who has written its first news story.
Electrode arrays were placed onto the man's sensory cortex, the brain region responsible for identi ying tactile sensations such as pressure.
The mechanical hand contains sophisticated torque sensors that can detect when pressure is being applied to any of its fingers,
and instead send messages through a computer algorithm to electrodes placed around the patient's knees to trigger controlled leg muscle movements.
#New chip-based technology to detect Ebola virus Researchers have developed a chip-based technology that can be integrated into a portable instrument for use in field situations where rapid,
"said senior author Holger Schmidt, professor of Optoelectronics at University of California, Santa cruz.""We're detecting the nucleic acids directly,
Adding a"preconcentration"step during sample processing on the microfluidic chip extended the limit of detection well beyond that achieved by other chip-based approaches,
The system combined a microfluidic chip for sample preparation and an optofluidic chip for optical detection.
The microfluidic chip was made of a silicon-based polymer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and had microvalves and fluidic channels to transport the sample between nodes for various sample preparation steps.
and transferred to the optofluidic chip for optical detection. The study was published in the journal Scientific Reports s
which requires electronics and systems that can withstand the heat of baking, adds to the cost
Treatment of the tumours with anti-erbb2/neu mabs followed by interferon-gamma led to a considerable inhibition of tumour growth
The Optical Communications and Sensor Demonstration (OCSD) Cubesat spacecraft is in orbit and operational, said Nasa and The Aerospace Corporation of El Segundo, California on Monday.
What makes Lily unique is that rather than having a large remote control or smart device app to control the flying unit,
Included in the pocket GPS unit are sensors that will let Lily know if a user is moving vertically such as a jump or fall.
when it came to specs that rival existing action cameras such as those offered by both Gopro and Sony.
"ipad covers, laptop bags, skins of iphone will no longer be just for casing electronics, but to collect some energy as well
and power those electronics, "said Fiona Scholes, a senior research scientist at Australia national science agency CSIRO.
This is again the case with a 3d printed solution for a problem almost as old as robots equipped with microphones themselves:
or equipping robots with a large number of microphones focused on various positions in the vicinity,
and diverse honeycomb passages leading to a single microphone in the center of the disk.
It is essentially a single-sensor listening system that combines acoustic metamaterials and compressive sensing techniques. ifferent from previous research efforts that generally rely on signal
Well each of the 46 passages to the microphone is unique and features subtly different ways of enabling sound to travel to the center,
because the unique 3d printed shapes create variations that can be picked up by the single sensor.
but the algorithm used for the sensor can almost always tell which direction it comes from.
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