you probably think about electronics products like televisions and computers. Thanks to its CT and other diagnostic imaging machines and technology, Toshiba has made a name for itself in the healthcare industry, too.
#U s. military wants to teach robots how to make moral and ethical decisions How do you code something as abstract as moral logic into a bunch of transistors?
But how do you code something as abstract as moral logic into a bunch of transistors?
The island itself will be glistening from the massive net studded with billions of tiny rectifying antennas designed to convert microwave energy into DC power Next to the antennas is a large substation that sends vast amounts of power through an underwater cable to Tokyo,
William C Brown, the inventor of the cross-field amplifier, used a remote control helicopter to demonstrate his breakthroughs using wireless microwave power on the Walter Cronkite 6: 00 pm news. Citing Tesla same logic,
The first one involves a huge square panel (measuring over 1 mile per side) that is covered with photovoltaic receptors on the top and transmission antennas on the bottom.
Sensors, Food, Automation and Engineering. Sensors help agriculture by enabling real-time traceability and diagnosis of crop, livestock and farm machine states.
Food may benefit directly from genetic tailoring and potentially from producing meat directly in a lab. Automation will help agriculture via large-scale robotic
Sensors Air & soil sensors: Fundamental additions to the automated farm, these sensors would enable a real time understanding of current farm, forest or body of water conditions.
Scientifically viable in 2013; mainstream and financially viable in 2015. Equipment telematics: Allows mechanical devices such as tractors to warn mechanics that a failure is likely to occur soon.
Crop sensors: Instead of prescribing field fertilization before application, high-resolution crop sensors inform application equipment of correct amounts needed.
Optical sensors or drones are able to identify crop health across the field (for example, by using infrared light).
Scientifically viable in 2015; mainstream in 2018; and financially viable in 2019. Infrastructural health sensors:
Can be used for monitoring vibrations and material conditions in buildings, bridges, factories, farms and other infrastructure.
Coupled with an intelligent network, such sensors could feed crucial information back to maintenance crews or robots.
With satellite imagery and advanced sensors, farmers can optimize returns on inputs while preserving resources at ever larger scales.
Further understanding of crop variability, geolocated weather data and precise sensors should allow improved automated decision-making and complementary planting techniques.
The hypothetical combination of dozens or hundreds of agricultural robots with thousands of microscopic sensors,
Except, however, that the new Cree uses LED rather than inert gas which allows it to turn on instantly (regardless of how cold the weather is) without flickering as well as operate at a 30 percent energy savings over the traditional method.
365 days a year) and are designed to fit into existing ballasts so, unlike other LED fluorescent replacements,
The new LEDS are a bit pricey upfront (as all LED systems currently are) with an MSRP of $30 each.
from living cells to semiconductors, mixing and matching the nkswith precision? Jennifer Lewis, a materials scientist at Harvard university, is developing the chemistry
A group at Princeton university has printed a bionic ear, combining biological tissue and electronics, while a team of researchers at the University of Cambridge has printed retinal cells to form complex eye tissue.
Last year, Lewis and her students showed they could print the microscopic electrodes and other components needed for tiny lithium-ion batteries.
Other projects include printed sensors fabricated on plastic patches that athletes could one day wear to detect concussions and measure violent impacts.
and detail to atmospheric sensors used in many of Google s applications, such as Google maps. It is still early days
Mehta demonstrates that you can combine it with about $20 worth of electronics to create a fully functioning robot.
It uses an LED to detect the black line, and when it senses that it over white space,
says co-author Ido Bachelet of the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials at Bar Ilan University. nlike electronic devices,
and General electric wants to lead the way A 20-year-old Indonesian student has helped General electric save considerable sums of money in development
in reality it just a fraction of the overall manufacturing process and General electric wants to lead the way.
The Zumwalt also boasts what Raytheon calls a Total Ship Computing Environment, which allows it to be controlled from any of a couple dozen consoles around the ship.
and the city now has fibre networks and thousands of sensors on buildings, vehicles and the ground.
Smart sensors installed across the city will also provide real-time information and services on weather, traffic, entertainment, tourism, emergency services and flights.
and the Gear 2 smartwatch. ith the growth of wearable devices, Spritz patent-pending technology will enable Samsung device users to read emails comfortably
They are also working on a fatigue detector and a detector for other states like distraction.
The technology opens the door to any number of mobile electronic devices which have so far been held back by limited battery lives. he idea of eliminating cables would allow us to redesign things in ways that we haven yet thought of,
#Samsung develops ultrasonic smartphone case to help visually impaired sense their surroundings A smartphone case that helps the visually impaired by enhancing their awareness of their surroundings has been developed by Samsung.
Using a microphone, they mapped how the waves responded and produced videos of them traveling through the air.
Although there is an automatic mode available on the Samsung machines, soldiers control them remotely. The U s. and Germany possess robots that automatically target
The bulk of those batteries 23 gigawatt hours were for consumer electronics, like our laptops and cell phones.
but in recent months Tesla has also beentalking with Samsung SDI for batteries. Traditionally auto makers have multiple suppliers for core components
navigate using signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, communicate their positions to one another via radio
You probably have your smartphone, maybe a tablet or e reader. You may also have a fitness band or even a second smartphone.
The team plans to create a prototype that entirely self-contained by replacing the external tracking system with tiny integrated displays like O-LED
Adding electronics to it Ramakers says won limit Paddle transformational capabilities. Currently Paddle provides visual cues to the user to communicate how the device can be transformed,
from the filament in a light bulb to the silicon in a computer chip. Whether we 3d print them
It gathers data from sensors placed throughout fields that measure the temperature and moisture levels in soil and surrounding air.
blow up underwater mines or set sensors in the ocean.""The research was published online today (April 8) in the journal Bioinspiration & Biomimetics s
The team developed flexible sheets of light sensors, containing a temperature-sensitive dye, that can automatically sense
They developed flexible sheets consisting of color-changing elements on top of a white reflective surface with moving devices and light sensors.
and the light sensor acts like structures that contain opsins, which are involved light-sensitive receptors in vision.
and integrated into electronics for a variety of applications, from military to industrial uses, the researchers said d
The MIDAS Library also makes it simple for engineers to deal with intelligent electronic devices (IEDS) for protection and control of the electrical system.
and therefore more accurate, is an optical system using a laser directed at a MEMS sensor.
and the need to precisely align the laser with the tip of the tiny MEMS sensor.
or very few MEMS sensors at a time. By contrast Panorama Lumimems Reader is a portable, robust and autonomous readout system
In addition, a chip that has several hundred MEMS sensors can be read simultaneously by one Lumimems Reader,
It has been estimated there are already 50 MEMS sensors in a modern car. The MEMS market is estimated to be $14 billion in 2014,
#Flolevel Technologies launches acoustic level interface transmitter Flolevel Technologies, an innovator of level measurement products, has launched a new self-cleaning acoustic level interface transmitter for Flotation Cells.
The level interface transmitter tracks liquid to liquid interface, liquid to paste interface and liquid to granular interface.
It is powered a hi Ultrasonic self-cleaning transmitter that is not affected by conductivity and dielectric of the solution.
which cause implosions that generate high energy levels. ith over 30 years of experience from many different applications in the mines we have developed a level transmitter that will optimise the mineral recovery in Flotation Cells
and sensors into a desirable geometry with 5d data reconstruction Enhancing fracture determination from seismic data with improved full azimuth imaging
Using the new XFLASH V5 LE SDD detector, the S2 RANGER X-ray spectrometer achieves superb light element performance and analytical precision for applications in cement, minerals and mining, petrochemistry, and research.
With a larger detector area the spectrometer achieves higher sample throughput and lower detection limits.
#New remote control solution can help mining in hazardous areas TORC Robotics has provided a remote control solution for a 40 cubic yard shovel
The remote control systems provided by TORC allows the mine operators to quickly increase production that would have stalled due to the hazardous recovery.
Once the operator is in the remote control room the vehicle is driven remotely into the hazardous zone.
allowing seamless transitions for the workers between manual and remote control. This allows the mine to continue working without putting personnel into risky and dangerous situations t
#IBM's new computer chip can think like a human brain IBM's latest brain-like computer chip may not be"smarter than a fifth-grader,
Researchers for the computer hardware giant have developed a postage-stamp-size chip, equipped with 5. 4 billion transistors,
that is capable of simulating 1 million neurons and 256 million neural connections, or synapses. In addition to mimicking the brain's processing by themselves,
individual chips can be connected together like tiles, similar to how circuits are linked in the human brain.
The team used its"Truenorth"chip, described on Aug 7 in the journal Science, to perform a task that is very challenging for conventional computers:
Modha gave an analogy to explain how the brain-like chip differs from a classical computer chip.
In contrast, IBM's new chip architecture resembles that of a living brain. The chip is composed of computing cores that each contain 256 input lines
or"axons"(the cablelike part of a nerve cell that transmits electrical signals) and 256 output lines, or"neurons."
The researchers connected more than 4, 000 of these cores on a single chip, and tested its performance with a complex image-recognition task.
10 Coolest DARPA Projects After the team constructed the chip, Modha halted work for a month and offered a $1,
The new chip is not only much more efficient than conventional computer chips, it also produces far less heat,
"the camera sensor becomes the computer, "he said. Building a brain IBM researchers aren't the only ones building computer chips that mimic the brain.
A group at Stanford university developed a system called"Neurogrid"that can simulate a million neurons and billions of synapses.
But while Neurogrid requires 16 chips linked together, the IBM chip can simulate the same number of neurons with only a single chip,
Modha said. In addition, Neurogrid's memory is stored off-chip, but the new IBM system integrates both computation and memory on the same chip,
which minimizes the time needed to transmit data, Modha said. Kwabena Boahen, an electrical engineer at Stanford who led the development of the Neurogrid system,
called the IBM chip"a very impressive achievement."("Several of Boahen's colleagues on the Neurogrid project have gone on to work at IBM,
The IBM team was able to fit more transistors onto a single chip, while making it very energy efficient,
IBM created the chip as part of DARPA's Synapse program (short for Systems of Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Electronics.
The current chip contains more 4, 000 of these cores. Still, the IBM chip is a far cry from a human brain,
Also on the robot's back is programmed a microprocessor with a unique algorithm developed by computer scientists at MIT.
The microprocessor tells the robot what to do what shape to take and how to move.
which will knock out the sensors or control systems on an enemy drone or vessel. If the adversary still doesn't get the hint,
or electronic device without obstructing the view. It's possible, thanks to Michigan State university researchers who have developed a completely transparent solar concentrator, reports Phys. org.
"It can be used on tall buildings with lots of windows or any kind of mobile device that demands high aesthetic quality like a phone or e reader.
The researchers say this could be used as a self-healing adhesive to repair defective semiconductor chips, for example.
The DEKA Arm System, developed by the company DEKA Integrated Solutions in Manchester, New hampshire, uses wireless signals from sensors in the user's feet and other inputs to control the arm's multiple joints.
including the miniaturization of motor parts, computer controls and sensors and manufacturing that uses lightweight but strong materials.
All of these qualities make it valuable for use in electronics and a variety of other applications,
graphene will find commercial applications in many areas from high-frequency electronics to smart coatings. Some important classes of applications,
such as printed electronics, conductive coatings and composite fillers, will require industrial-scale production of defect-free graphene in a process-able form."
#'Astroskin'smart shirt monitors astronauts'health in Antarctica Remember that pivotal scene in the movie"Apollo 13"in which crewmembers rip the biomedical sensors off their bodies?
and is embedded with wireless sensors. From the ground, doctors can see an astronaut's vital signs,
Whiskers are hairlike tactile sensors used by certain mammals and insects to monitor wind and navigate around obstacles in tight spaces lead researcher Ali Javey of Berkeley Lab's Materials sciences Division said in a news release.
In tests these whiskers were 10 times more sensitive to pressure than all previously reported capacitive or resistive pressure sensors.
The researchers say this is at least 10 times more sensitive than any other previously developed resistive pressure sensors.
or even wearable sensors that would measure things like heartbeat and pulse rate. The e-whiskers were composed of
meaning that the technology could potentially be mass-produced using the same sort of equipment currently used for chip manufacturing.
The incredible breakthrough could lead to everything from better nonstick kitchenware to waterproof electronics. To get an idea of just how water-repellent this metal is you may have to see it to believe it.
Electronic devices can also be made more waterproof than ever before and touchscreens could be made that resist finger grease and other similar causes of smudges.
The successful maser demonstration represents a breakthrough in efforts to build a quantum computer out of semiconductor materials.
which is entanglement between quantum bits in semiconductor-based devices, "said collaborator Jacob Taylor, an adjunct assistant professor at the Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland-National Institute of Standards and Technology.
The project would deploy a fleet of 648 microsatellites capable of providing low-latency high-speed Internet access directly to small user-based terminals all around the world.
The cluster which would be the world's largest satellite network will then talk to receivers on the ground measuring a tiny 36 centimeters by 16 centimeters
a complete computer that runs Windows 8. 1 (or Linux) that you can plug into the HDMI port of your big TV.
Nature News The ones and zeroes that propel the digital world the fording of electrons across a transistor,
This led the Stanford team to think about the creation of quantum circuits. In encoding the'S',the researchers were concentrating the electron density at certain points and energy levels.
#Graphene electrode promises stretchy circuits: Nature News A transparent, flexible electrode made from graphene could see a one-atom thick honeycomb of carbon first made just five years ago replace other high-tech materials used in displays.
It could even be used instead of silicon in electronics. Byung Hee Hong from Sungkyunkwan University in Suwon, Korea,
and his colleagues transferred a wafer-thin layer of graphene, etched into the shape needed to make an electrode, onto pieces of polymer.
The polymers they used are transparent, and one polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be bent, whereas the other polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is stretchable.
Hong and his colleagues used a technique that is well known in the semiconductor industry chemical vapour deposition.
Thinner is better The team made the electrodes by using nickel as a catalyst on
the resulting electrodes are transparent, and Hong says that makes the material ideal for use in applications such as portable displays.
His team is also looking at using the graphene electrodes in photovoltaic cells. Easing the pain
But the electrodes are less likely to be used in bendy electronics at least in the short term
and more likely to be incorporated in niche applications such as individual ultra-high-frequency transistors, suggests Andre Geim, from the University of Manchester, UK,
"Hong thinks that graphene's most promising application will be to replace the silicon-based materials used in semiconductor technologies.
The US companies Westinghouse and General electric have not signed contracts but are due this month to visit India and scout out possible locations for reactors.
Traditionally, chlorine production has used a mercury electrode in the electrolysis of sodium chloride, but alternatives are increasingly being used.
with the cylindrical conducting tube lining the machine functioning as a waveguide for a signal transmitted by an outside antenna.
who is working with one of the big industrial MRI players the health-care arm of Siemens,
"says Roger Pitman at Harvard Medical school, who led the original study on the effects of the drug on fear memories in patients with PTSD2.
The detectors need to be a similar size to the sample and the magnetic coils usually used cannot easily be made smaller than a few micrometres.
In 2006 Baraniuk and his colleagues made the first optical camera that produced multi-pixel images with a single-pixel sensor.
the Duke system uses a stationary metamaterial aperture, a strip that guides microwaves to a single sensor.
Today s millimetre-wave airport scanners physically move an array of multiple sensors around a person.
This sometimes led to long stretches of the same letter, which is hard for sequencing machines to read
Agilent technologies in Santa clara, California, synthesized the strings and shipped them back to the researchers, who were able to reconstruct all of the files with 100%accuracy.
which is unheard of even in electronics. Goldman adds that DNA storage should be apocalypse-proof.
First, arrange microscopic flecks of gold on a semiconductor background. Using the gold as seeds,
The promise starts with the novel semiconductor#a combination of indium and phosphorus that absorbs much of the light from the sun (a property known as its band gap).
At the same time the novel cells could be built into so-called multijunction solar cells#compound devices that incorporate several different types of semiconductor material in layers like a sandwich to absorb as much of the energy in sunlight as possible.
such as ultra-efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDS) and solar cells, but the technology has found mainly niche applications.
Massachusetts, would supply Sony Corporation of Tokyo with quantum dots for flat-screen televisions that will transmit more richly coloured images than other TVS on the market.
made from a semiconductor material, commonly cadmium selenide. They are so tiny that their shape
Whereas a bulk semiconductor is limited to emitting a single colour of light researchers can tune the precise colour a quantum dot will absorb
Quantum dots have shown promise for electronics, too#for example in solar cells in which a mix of quantum dots tuned to absorb different wavelengths of light could capture more of the energy in the solar spectrum.
Near the backlight of a liquid-crystal display (LCD), for example, temperatures can be around 100#C. At this temperature,
with quantum dot coatings to convert the harsh glare of LEDS into a warmer glow, to make them more appealing as long-life, low energy light bulbs.
His optimism will be tested this spring with the company s quantum dot debut in Sony LCD televisions,
Conventional LCDS use a high-intensity blue LED backlight whose glow is converted by a phosphor coating to create a broadband,
The film is layered between the LCD s stack of light filters, diffusers and polarizers, and similarly converts raw blue light into white light made up of pure colours.
optoelectronics, including display components, will make up $310#million of a total $666 million in quantum dot revenues.
But demand from 3m and Sony could help to bring prices down. Although neither QD Vision nor Nanosys would comment on the volume of material they expect to make this year,
using 11 sets of observations recorded between 2003 and 2011 using the Hubble space telescope s Fine Guidance Sensors,
Just as in an old-fashioned cathode ray tube-tube colour television, the electron beam scans the sample to build up an image line by line.
and in the ultra-small cavities of photonic crystals#components of chip-based lasers and light-emitting diodes."
later it may target the laser, semiconductor and solar-cell industries. He realizes that, by selling the system,
and led to scores of new human embryonic-stem-cell lines being available to NIH-funded researchers.
and with the help of satellite imaging and undersea sensors, researchers have discovered a long-elusive source for the deep ocean streams of cold water that help to regulate the Earth's climate.
the researchers used satellite sensors to hunt for polynya regions where ice formed particularly rapidly.
The Argus II includes a small video camera, a transmitter mounted on a pair of eyeglasses, a video processing unit and a 60-electrode implanted retinal prosthesis that replaces the function of degenerated cells in the retina,
the membrane lining the inside of the eye. Although it does not fully restore vision,
this setup can improve a patient s ability to perceive images and movement, using the video processing unit to transform images from the video camera into electronic data that is wirelessly transmitted to the retinal prosthesis.
Retinitis pigmentosa#which affects about one in 4, 000 people in the US and about 1. 5 million people worldwide#kills the retina s photoreceptors,
The company s technology is a three-by three-millimeter microelectronic chip (0. 1-millimeter thick) containing about 1, 500 light-sensitive photodiodes,
amplifiers and electrodes surgically inserted beneath the fovea (which contains the cone cells) in the retina s macula region.
The chip helps generate at least partial vision by stimulating intact nerve cells in the retina. The nerve impulses from these cells are led then via the optic nerve to the visual cortex where they create impressions of sight.
The chip s power source is positioned under the skin behind the ear and connected via a thin cable#no glasses or camera required.
These sensors detect light, and control the output of a pulsed electrical current. Patients would wear goggles that emit near-infrared pulses that transmit both power and data directly to the photodiodes.
The chip converts images that come into the eye into streams of electrical impulses, and the mini-projector then converts the electrical impulses into light impulses that are sent to the brain.
Rather than increasing the number of electrodes placed in an eye to capture more information
Synthetic biology seeks to bring concepts from electronic engineering to cell biology, treating gene functions as components in a circuit.
JEFF J MITCHELL/REUTERSA 2001 outbreak of foot and mouth disease led to the slaughter of huge numbers of sheep and cows.
Their giant but crude microwave receiver saw the radiation as being the same in all directions,
Its high-frequency microwave detector is cooled to just 0. 1 degrees above absolute zero which enables it to detect temperature variations as small as a millionth of a degree.
Light from light-emitting diodes is sent then sideways through the slab, and some of it is scattered out of the slab in a direction determined by the spacing and orientation of the grooves.
as in an ordinary LCD screen#the display can also produce moving images. Figuring out how to modulate the LCD screen to produce the views is orders of magnitude easier than working out the complicated interference patterns needed to make a moving hologram visible from any direction,
says Fattal. And because each circular diffraction grating is just 12 micrometres across, the system is suited ideally to mobile technologies,
#Waterproof transistor takes cell's electric pulse Think of it as a medical monitor for the cell.
The device is known as a single-electron transistor, and its inventors hope that it could be used to measure the performance of biofuel-producing organisms,
A transistor acts like a switch in an electrical circuit: a voltage at the transistor s gate terminal allows current to flow through a semiconductor inside the device.
If the semiconductor is small enough#a nanoparticle, for example#a single electron can switch the transistor on,
amplifying a tiny signal into a much larger current in the main circuit. The first single-electron transistors were built in the late 1980s1,
but most require very low temperatures#otherwise, the electrons gather enough energy to tunnel through the semiconductor,
and current leaks through the switch. A handful work at room temperature (by using carbon nanotubes to detect electrons
for example2), but they cannot operate in water#a serious obstacle to using such devices in living organisms.
In 2008, materials scientist Ravi Saraf at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and his colleagues built a room-temperature single-electron transistor using a different approach3.
These can form a tangled network that connects two electrodes some 30 micrometres apart. Roughly 5%of the gold nanoparticles have defects that prevent current from flowing from one electrode to the other.
But if an electron settles on a defective nanoparticle it makes it slightly easier for current to flow,
and the transistor switches on.""Saraf takes advantage of the fact that these one-dimensional arrays are not perfect,
where subtle changes in the charge distribution across the cell membrane can bridge the defects and switch the transistor on.
The device can fit about five green algae cells between the electrodes. Shining a light on the cells triggers a cascade of biochemical reactions that transfer electrons along a chain of molecules#and switches the transistor on.
Adding more carbon dioxide, or using wavelengths of light that are absorbed easily by chlorophyll, increases the rate of photosynthesis and produces a larger current through the transistor.
Other researchers are trying to repurpose the biochemistry of green algae to make biofuels, and Saraf thinks that his device could monitor how efficiently the new strains photosynthesize.
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