#Novel Fabrication Technique Helps Produce Ultra-Thin Hollow Platinum Nanocages for Fuel cells Researchers from Georgia Tech, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oak ridge National Laboratory,
Linktop to Present Mechanical Smart Watch and Graphene-Based Thermometer Linktop Technology is introducing its mechanical smart watch
and Graphene-based products cloud thermometer to the 2015 Consumer electronics Show (CES) in Las vegas, Nevada (January 6-9, 2015).
"Graphene-based products will soon become a trend and change the world. Graphene's remarkable properties enable amazing applications,
"Mr. Bill continues. Linktop mechanical smart watch is more than a watch. It puts a transparent color TOLED display above the mechanical dial.
Linktop Technology is the world's first company that uses Graphene for fast and accurate heat conduction in a groundbreaking and original body temperature thermometer.
Graphene is well known for its unique structure and physicochemical properties. It is the strongest, thinnest and most conductive material in the world.
By adding Graphene Linktop cloud thermometer can get the measurement data very quickly, which far surpasses other thermometers in the market.
Meanwhile, keep your eye on another up-and-coming EV battery material, nanocellulose. What Now, Petroleum? The advantages of EV technology are becoming more and more apparent practically by the minute,
20:26 GMT, 15 june 2015 Scientists have created the world's thinnest light bulb using the wonder material graphene, in a layer just one atom thick.
Graphene a form of carbon has been heralded as having a vast range of uses. The ability for the super-thin material to produce light is seen as a key step to create super-thin computer and TV screens.
Scroll down for video The'bulb'was created by attaching a small strip of'atomically thin'graphene,
the graphene lit up. James Hone, professor of mechanical engineering at Columbia University said:''We've created
The graphene reaches very high temperatures of 2, 500°C but does not melt the electrodes
but using it in its pure form graphene and at its ultimate size limit one atom thick.'
'Graphene, discovered in the UK, is composed of carbon atoms linked in a hexagonal lattice. Its incredible properties include being 200 times stronger than steel by weight,
The discovery of graphene in 2004 by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, two Russian-born scientists at the University of Manchester, earned the pair the Nobel prize for Physics and knighthoods.
In 2014, a National Graphene Institute was set up in Manchester, with more than £60 million ($94 million) of funding to find uses for the substance f
Unlike graphene, whose electronic properties are similar to those of metals, black arsenic phosphorus behaves like a semiconductor.
To produce graphene-like films the material can be peeled off in ultra thin layers. The thinnest films obtained so far are only two atomic layers thick.
#Graphene film can super cool LEDS Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a method for efficiently cooling electronics using graphene-based film.
According to the researchers, the graphene film has a thermal conductivity capacity that is four times that of copper. Significantly the team has developed a graphene film that can be attached to silicon substrates.
Research team leader Johan Liu, professor at Chalmers University of Technology, writes: The stronger bonds result from so-called functionalisation of the graphene,
i e. the addition of a property-altering molecule. Having tested several different additives, the Chalmers researchers concluded that an addition of (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) molecules has desired the most effect.
it creates so-called silane bonds between the graphene and the electronic component (see picture). The researchers have shown that the in-plane thermal conductivity of the graphene-based film,
with 20 micrometer thickness, can reach a thermal conductivity value of 1600 W/mk, which is four times that of copper.
A likely application says Johan Liu is the integration of graphene-based film into LEDS, lasers and radio frequency components for cooling purposes. s
Unlike graphene, whose electronic properties are similar to those of metals, black arsenic phosphorus behaves like a semiconductor.
To produce graphene-like films the material can be peeled off in ultra thin layers. The thinnest films obtained so far are only two atomic layers thick.
#Graphene-based film can super cool LEDS Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a method for efficiently cooling electronics using graphene-based film.
According to the researchers, the graphene film has a thermal conductivity capacity that is four times that of copper. Significantly the team has developed a graphene film that can be attached to silicon substrates.
Research team leader Johan Liu, professor at Chalmers University of Technology, writes: ut the methods that have been in place so far have presented the researchers with problems
because they have consisted only of a few layers of thermal conductive atoms. hen you try to add more layers of graphene,
the graphene no longer will adhere to the surface, since the adhesion is held together only by weak Van der waals bonds. e have solved now this problem by managing to create strong covalent bonds between the graphene film and the surface,
which is made an electronic component of silicon, he continues. The stronger bonds result from so-called functionalisation of the graphene,
i e. the addition of a property-altering molecule. Having tested several different additives, the Chalmers researchers concluded that an addition of (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) molecules has desired the most effect.
it creates so-called silane bonds between the graphene and the electronic component (see picture). The researchers have shown that the in-plane thermal conductivity of the graphene-based film,
with 20 micrometer thickness, can reach a thermal conductivity value of 1600 W/mk, which is four times that of copper.
A likely application says Johan Liu is the integration of graphene-based film into LEDS, lasers and radio frequency components for cooling purposes n
#New graphene display creates LEDS at an atomic level Graphene has had a rough go of it of late.
This doesn mean that graphene has no electronics applications, however, and a research team from the University of Manchester has published a report detailing how flexible 2d graphene arrays could be used in the next-generation of LED screens.
This new project differs from earlier demonstrations of graphene technology. In September the Cambridge Graphene Centre demonstrated a display that incorporated a graphene electrode.
The new LEDS built by the University of Manchester in this experiment were engineered apparently at an atomic level from multiple layers of crystal lattice as shown below.
This type of structure implements multiple layers of materials horizontally, but because each lattice is only a few atoms thick,
This graphene design, however, appears to buck that trend; the University of Manchester team certified that the graphene-based LEDS have remained robust and continued to emit light for weeks.
The team claims that these graphene-based LEDS can emit light across their entire surface (apparently obviating
or reducing the need for a backlight) and have reached efficiencies that are already comparable to organic LEDS in terms of quantum efficiency (photons emitted per electron injected).
Whether or not that means graphene-based LED TECHNOLOGY can supplant OLED is, of course, an open question.
if graphene LEDS can drive the rich, vibrant colors that have made OLEDS desirable, but if they can,
#Quantum signatures of electronic transport in graphene discovered The key to making useful nanoelectronic devices from graphene is to first understand,
The absence of a bandgap in pure graphene means that although its electrical conductivity is the highest of any material bar none,
not only how to build precisely defined bandgaps into composites of graphene and boron nitride, but they have uncovered also the deeper electronic structure of the material
What the MIT researchers basically did was take single layers of hexagonal graphene and stack them up against single layers of hexagonal boron nitride.
In order to coax the graphene-boron honeycomb into exposing its hidden behaviors, some additional outside influence needs to be imposed.
When the graphene-boron honeycombs are stacked out of alignment, they create something known as a oire pattern
what really has excited the researchers is some of the other physical effects they were able get from graphene.
electron behavior in graphene is ltrarelativisticand therefore is described better using the lesser-known Dirac equation.
electrons in graphene composites configured with just the right alignment can flow at significantly greater speeds,
Furthermore, when many layers of graphene are stacked properly together (with associated greater strength), they can still show the high conduction seen in a single layer h
#New 2d super-material could beat graphene to becoming the new silicon A purely theoretical mathematical study has inspired an experiment that could have serious real-world applications:
a crystalline material called titanium trisulfide could perform almost as well as graphene in many areas, while lacking one key weakness.
potentially making it a better candidate than graphene to allow truly next-generation electronics. The work here is very preliminary, but promising.
much like graphene but without being chemically pure. University of Nebraska-Lincoln chemist Xiao Cheng Zeng found that the computer model predicted the crystals were incredibly conductive,
and had one wonderful electronic property that graphene does not: just as in silicon, the electrons orbiting within titanium-trisulfide can be pushed easily up into the conduction band,
The approach was inspired by graphene itself: Nebraska-Lincoln Alexander Sinitskii created a macro-scale block of titanium trisulfide
The very earliest samples of graphene were made by repeatedly sticking and unsticking clear sticky tape over a powdered sample of pure carbon,
What this means is that purely scientific proofs of concept like current graphene computer chips might be made fully digital
Right now, graphene lack of a useful bandgap means that graphene computers are limited to analog computation only;
after graphene has saturated headline space for so long, is that there was only a few months needed to take this purely theoretical 2d substance from a computer simulation to practical, working transistors.
It possible that some of graphene newer, more efficient production processes might continue to work for titanium trisulfide and if so,
there no telling how quickly it might reach the pure production efficiency graphene science has been developing for almost a decade.
The pure transistor density already achieved with graphene, combined with the ability to create relatively ormaldigital architecture,
And combining graphene power efficiency with silicon current ability to soak up solar radiation could have an even bigger impact.
or exceed the current practicalities of graphene, for a price real people could ever actually afford
#Cooler computers, smartphones using graphene film Almost half of the total energy used in running a computer goes in cooling it down.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have developed a method for efficiently cooling electronics using graphene-based film.
A team led by professor Johan Liu from Chalmers University had shown earlier that graphene can have a cooling effect on silicon-based electronics
but the challenge was to stick a thick layer of graphene to silicon chips. e have solved this problem by creating strong covalent bonds between the graphene film and the surface,
Moreover, functionalisation using this kind of bonding doubles the thermal conductivity of the graphene. ncreased thermal capacity could lead to several new applications for graphene.
One example is the integration of graphene-based film into microelectronic devices and systems, such as highly efficient Light Emitting Diode lasers and radio frequency components for cooling purposes, Liu said. raphene-based film could also pave the way for faster,
The system doesn't require specially engineered nanomaterials like those used to make other paper-based batteries in the past.
#Graphene used to create world's thinnest light bulb Researchers and engineers from Columbia University, Seoul National University (SNU),
and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) created the device using tiny filaments of graphene attached to metal electrodes,
and graphene-based on-chip optical communications.""Interestingly, the ability of graphene to reach such elevated temperatures without melting
either the underlying substrate or the metal electrodes is because, as graphene is heated up, it is less able to conduct heat away from itself.
As a result, the concentration of heat is limited to the very center of the filaments
and light bouncing off the silicon substrate and back through the graphene filaments themselves.""This (phenomenon) is only possible
because graphene is transparent, unlike any conventional filament, and allows us to tune the emission spectrum by changing the distance to the substrate."
"A graphene lattice is also a particularly efficient way to produce light, due to its inherent ability to maintain excitation levels that allow the freer flow of electrons.
That is, just as graphene is able to rapidly emit electrons when excited by lasers as the electrons remain at an elevated state,
"At the highest temperatures, the electron temperature is much higher than that of acoustic vibrational modes of the graphene lattice,
"These unique thermal properties allow us to heat the suspended graphene up to half of the temperature of the sun,
as compared to graphene on a solid substrate.""Not the first graphene light-bulb University of Manchester researchers lay claim to that but certainly the thinnest,
the new device also opens up many possibilities of alternative light generation at the microscale,
The short video below is an animation showing how the graphene filaments generate Light source: Columbia Universit U
#Wonder-ink could soon let you 3d print objects out of stretchy graphene A new 3d printing ink being developed at Northwestern University could soon make it possible to build objects
which are made of graphene for 60 percent of their volume and 75 percent of their weight.
This unprecedentedly high graphene composition means that the oft-praised electric and mechanical properties of graphene might soon find their way into all kinds of macroscopic 3d-printed creations, with important consequences for the electronics and biomedical fields (among many others.
the ability to print objects made mainly out of graphene could raise the bar even higher for material scientists and hobbyists alike.
Previous graphene-based inks could only print objects in two dimensions and, with a graphene content below 20 percent,
were unable to preserve the useful properties of the material. More recently, researchers have laid the foundations for building three-dimensional objects out of graphene,
though this did not extend to 3d printing. Now, however, researcher Ramille Shah and team have built a 3d printing ink that is composed of graphene for 60 percent of volume and 75 percent of weight.
What's more the secondary component of the ink (used as a binder) is a biocompatible, biodegradable and hyperelastic polyester (PLG) that,
According to Shah and colleagues, the secret to packing such a high percentage of graphene into their ink was embed to it in the form of microscopic flakes.
creating a single filament that maintains the much-celebrated properties of graphene even as it's being expelled from tips as small as 100 micrometers
a formulation with 20 percent graphene can stretch longitudinally by as much as 210 percent (at some cost in terms of electromechanical properties).
The 3-D printed graphene scaffolds could also play a role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine when the scientists populated one of the graphene ink scaffolds with stem cells,
they found that the cells didn't just survive, but also divided, proliferated, and morphed into neuron-like cells.
But the applications of a highly-conductive graphene ink could be just as exciting in building high-performance electronics.
paving the way for the next generation of nanomaterials and miniaturized electronics. For our electronics to become more powerful it's vital that the transistors,
If exploited, this knowledge could help us build molecular nanostructures with a very precise control over single electrons, leading to new types of high-performance semiconductors and nanomaterials r
and graphene to create a new material combination that demonstrates so-called superlubricity. Led by nanoscientist Ani Sumant of Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) and Argonne Distinguished Fellow Ali Erdemir of Argonne Energy systems Division, the Argonne team combined diamond
nanoparticles, small patches of graphene, and a diamond-like carbon material to create superlubricity, a highly-desirable property in
as the graphene patches and diamond particles rub up against a large diamond-like carbon surface, the graphene rolls itself around the diamond particle, creating something that looks like a ball bearing on the nanoscopic level. he interaction between the graphene
and the diamond-like carbon is essential for creating the uperlubricityeffect, he said in a statement. he two materials depend on each other.
By creating the graphene-encapsulated diamond ball bearings, or scrolls, the team found a way to translate the nanoscale superlubricity into a macroscale phenomenon.
enough diamond particles and graphene patches prevent the two surfaces from becoming locked in state.
and rotated much more easily than a simple sheet of graphene or graphite, Berman said.
#World thinnest lightbulb developed using graphene A postdoctoral research scientist, Young Duck Kim, has led a team of scientists from Columbia, Seoul National University (SNU),
and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) that have demonstrated for the first time ever an on-chip visible light source using graphene, an atomically thin and perfectly crystalline form of carbon,
They attached small strips of graphene to metal electrodes, suspended the strips above the substrate,
The study, right visible light emission from graphene is published in the Advance Online Publication on Nature Nanotechnology website on June 15. ee created
and graphene-based on-chip optical communications. Creating light in small structures on the surface of a chip is crucial for developing fully integrated hotoniccircuits that do with light
By measuring the spectrum of the light emitted from the graphene, the team was able to show that the graphene was reaching temperatures of above 2500 degrees Celsius,
hot enough to glow brightly. he visible light from atomically thin graphene is so intense that it is visible even to the naked eye,
without any additional magnification, explains Young Duck Kim, first and co-lead author on the paper and postdoctoral research scientist who works in Hone group at Columbia Engineering.
which the team discovered was due to interference between the light emitted directly from the graphene
and light reflecting off the silicon substrate and passing back through the graphene. Kim notes, his is only possible
because graphene is transparent, unlike any conventional filament, and allows us to tune the emission spectrum by changing the distance to the substrate.
The ability of graphene to achieve such high temperatures without melting the substrate or the metal electrodes is due to another interesting property:
graphene becomes a much poorer conductor of heat. This means that the high temperatures stay confined to a small ot spotin the center. t the highest temperatures,
the electron temperature is much higher than that of acoustic vibrational modes of the graphene lattice,
observes. hese unique thermal properties allow us to heat the suspended graphene up to half of temperature of the sun,
as compared to graphene on a solid substrate. The team also demonstrated the scalability of their technique by realizing large-scale of arrays of chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) graphene light emitters.
Yun Daniel Park, professor in the department of physics and astronomy at Seoul National University and co-lead author,
#3d-Printed Graphene Nanoflakes May Play Role in Regenerative medicine and Tissue Engineering (3d printing Industry) A research team at Northwestern University has begun printing three-dimensional structures with graphene nanoflakes.
The team, led by Ramille Shah, assistant professor of Materials science and engineering at the Mccormick School of engineering and Surgery at the Feinberg School of medicine, has developed a new kind of graphene ink that can be used to print large 3d structures.
Shah ink uses 60 to 70 percent graphene, preserving the integrity of the material, including its electrical conductivity.
The secret ingredient in Shah ink is a mix of biocompatible elastomer and fast-evaporating solvents.
This particular graphene-based ink is just one of 30 printable bio inks that Shah has formulated with her graduate team.
#World's Thinnest Light bulb Created from Graphene Graphene, a form of carbon famous for being stronger than steel
Researchers have developed a light-emitting graphene transistor that works in the same way as the filament in a light bulb."
This new graphene device, however, is so efficient and tiny, the resulting technology could offer new ways to make displays or study high-temperature phenomena at small scales,
In the new study, the scientists used strips of graphene a few microns across and from 6. 5 to 14 microns in length, each spanning a trench of silicon like a bridge.
An electrode was attached to the ends of each graphene strip. Just like tungsten, run a current through graphene
and the material will light up. But there is an added twist, as graphene conducts heat less efficiently as temperature increases,
which means the heat stays in a spot in the center, rather than being distributed relatively evenly as in a tungsten filament.
"The temperature of hot electrons at the center of the graphene is about 3, 000 K 4, 940 F,
while the graphene lattice temperature is still about 2, 000 K 3, 140 F, "he said."
"It results in a hotspot at the center and the light emission region is focused at the center of the graphene,
"It's also the reason the electrodes at either end of the graphene don't melt.
As for why this is the first time light has been made from graphene, study co-leader Yun Daniel Park,
a professor of physics at Seoul National University, noted that graphene is embedded usually in or in contact with a substrate."
"Physically suspending graphene essentially eliminates pathways in which heat can escape, "Park said.""If the graphene is on a substrate,
much of the heat will be dissipated to the substrate. Before us, other groups had reported only inefficient radiation emission in the infrared from graphene."
"The light emitted from the graphene also reflected off the silicon that each piece was suspended in front of.
The reflected light interferes with the emitted light, producing a pattern of emission with peaks at different wavelengths.
The principle of the graphene is said simple, Park, but it took a long time to discover."
#Charting quantum signatures of electronic transport in graphene Over the last seven years, Javier Sanchez-Yamagishi has built several hundred nanoscale stacked graphene systems to study their electronic properties."
"What interests me a lot is that the properties of this combined system depend sensitively on the relative alignment between them,
He assembles sandwiches of graphene and boron nitride with various horizontal orientations.""The tricks we would use were making cleaner devices,
Sanchez-Yamagishi was a lead co-author of a 2014 paper in Nature("Tunable symmetry breaking and helical edge transport in a graphene quantum spin Hall state)
"which showed that having a component of the applied magnetic field in the graphene plane forced electrons at the edge of graphene to move in opposite directions based on their spins.
"We were trying to realize some interesting quantum states in the graphene. It's called a Quantum Spin Hall State,
and collaborators demonstrated that a certain alignment of layered graphene and hexagonal boron nitride created a unique bandgap in graphene,
which could be a precursor to developing the material for functional transistors. Sanchez-Yamagishi's co-authors again included Young
Hofstadter butterfly Graphene and boron nitride layers each have arranged atoms in a hexagonal, or six-sided, pattern.
When the lattice arrangement of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride layers are aligned closely, and the samples are exposed to a large out-of-plane magnetic field,
In addition to the Hofstadter butterfly result, the same devices were also the first to show a bandgap in graphene.
"What was unexpected very was showed we that graphene, which usually conducts very well, under the conditions of that experiment with a very low angle of rotation between the graphene
and the HBN, became an insulator. It didn't conduct at all. That was a behavior
"Fortunate discovery The peculiar electronic behavior of graphene comes from its molecular structure, which is like a honeycomb or chicken-wire-shaped lattice of carbon atoms.
the graphene has to be aligned very closely to hexagonal boron nitride. When it's closely aligned,
when layers of graphene just one to few atoms thick are separated from the graphite.""Graphene conducts electricity better than graphite.
It conducts better than silver or gold, "Sanchez-Yamagishi says. Sanchez-Yamagishi built a machine in the lab that stacks extremely thin layers of graphene and similar materials.
When two layers of graphene are misaligned, they are called twisted bilayer graphene.""In graphite, normally all the layers are aligned with each other;
electrons get slowed down, "he explains. It turns out that if two layers of graphene are stacked in alignment,
electrons traveling within a layer are slowed down in the same way. But with graphene, if the layers stacked on top of each other are misaligned,
they act as if one layer doesn't really feel the other layer.""You can put it right on top of each other,
they actually remain decoupled from each other, and it can still conduct electricity basically as well as if it was still a single sheet of graphene,
"he says.""If they are misaligned, then the electron in one layer does not get affected by the other layers and zips along quickly."
Sanchez-Yamagishi, 28, says he has grown from initially spending months to make good quality graphene to now making very intricate graphene devices and combining then with other materials.
Gold contacts send current through the graphene to measure its electrical properties. Often, graphene shapes used in test devices are shaped irregularly
since that is how they come off the natural graphite material. The graphite is rubbed on a sheet of silicon
and lifted off with special tape to create thin layers of graphene. Maximizing the amount of graphene that can be used for a device takes priority over making it look nice
Sanchez-Yamagishi says.""We're trying to push the technology to the highest level, so we're kind of relying on the tail end of the distribution here.
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