The NAPA invention was licensed by Protea Biosciences Group, Inc, . and commercialized under the REDICHIP#name in June 2015.
Additionally, the NAPA platform has shown the capabilities to analyze a wide variety of biomolecules and xenobiotics in a broad class of samples, making it the foundation for matrix-free laser desorption ionization.
Protea Biosciences Group, Inc. exclusively licensed the NAPA platform; in June 2015, the company commercialized the platform under the name of REDICHIP#i
The overall method developed could find broad applications in sequestration and bioremediation of water-soluble uranium and similar transuranic elements.
This biotechnology method could also have similar applications to other low-concentration ions in solution.
and Argonne National Laboratory turned to biology. There are no naturally occurring proteins known to bind uranyl,
and Biosciences Division, Heavy Element Chemistry Program under contract number DE-FG02-07er15865 to C. H
professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics, was able to change the specificity of an enzyme,
The findings, detailed online in Nature Chemical Biology on Aug 31, 2015 have widespread implications for a broad range of industrial, scientific and medical applications in
A major goal in biotechnology is to modify enzyme activity in order to carry out bespoke reactions. Current methods use genetic engineering to physically mutate enzymes.
However this is difficult to accomplish and requires detailed knowledge of enzyme structure and functional dynamics,
and are already in use as a platform for other applications by biotechnology companies. The team is now investigating other enzymes that might benefit from monobody technology,
keeping the whole biological machine running smoothly. But in diseases such as breast cancer, the breakdown of this order has been associated with the rapid growth and spread of tumors."
but also to experiment with specifically adding in a single cell with a known cancer mutation to different parts of the organoid to observe its effects.
An international team of researchers led by Christian Haass (Professor of Metabolic Biochemistry at LMU and Speaker for the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Munich) and Dr. Michael Willem (LMU) has made now a discovery
as a tenet of modern biology held that only viruses and living microbes such as bacteria could transmit disease.
but some inherited forms are associated with mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene. While the mechanisms aren't fully understood,
researchers believe these mutations predispose the normal proteins to misfold into infectious prions. Other factors,
The team demonstrated that it only takes 4 days for human MSA tissue to infect cultured cells with alpha-synuclein mutations,
They presented their findings Aug 26 at the 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society in Milan, Italy.
An advantage of this system is that magnetic fields are able to pass freely through biological tissues,
followed by thorough clinical, biochemical and molecular biological investigations, the researchers found the causative mutation
and characterized the disease which is given the name RCDP5. The researchers believe that studies of the effect of the newly discovered genetic error will provide new insight into other diseases.
whom he suspected were both carriers of the unknown disease causing mutation. After clinical and diagnostic odyssey in the following years,
Arraythe breakthrough came after years of meticulous work developing expert knowledge in the field of genetics at Uio and OUS.
and English researchers, were published recently in Human Molecular genetics t
#Timing of sleep just as important as quantity Washington state University researchers have found that the timing of an animal's sleep can be
This forced their biological clocks out of sync with the light-dark cycle. After four weeks
An international research team involving bioinformatics researcher Max von Kleist has produced ground-breaking findings that could, among other things
For a long time molecular biologists believed that RNA is a short-lived storage medium. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the blueprint of every living thing, is transcribed into RNA,
it can catalyze biochemical reactions. The research group developed the molecular biology method MIME (Mutational Interference Mapping Experiment) to investigate the interaction of RNA with its respective interaction partners in detail.
The scientists chose an evolutionary approach: The RNA to be analyzed is mutated randomly, so that a pool of billions of randomly mutated RNA is produced.
This way the researchers obtain data for each type of mutation as well as precise mutation frequencies at any position of the RNA.
Through mathematical and statistical calculations developed by bioinformatics researcher Max von Kleist the functional consequence of every possible mutation can be quantified.
The researchers can also determine which part and structural configuration of the RNA is investigated responsible for the function.
and hepatitis C. What they have in common is that the genome does not consist of DNA, but RNA.
scientists can determine how the genetic material of a virus is incorporated into nascent virions at the end of its reproductive cycle.
which mutations are tolerated by the virus and which not, a factor that is useful for the design of therapeutic RNA,
The research will be published by the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, the world's largest society of biomedical engineers."
and quality of life,"said V. Reggie Edgerton, senior author of the research and a UCLA distinguished professor of integrative biology and physiology, neurobiology and neurosurgery.
says Gerard Coté, professor of biomedical engineering and director of the Texas A&m Engineering Experiment Station's Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems.
says a Texas A&m University biomedical engineering researcher who is developing the technology. The wearable technology combines motion sensors and the measurement of electrical activity generated by muscles to interpret hand gestures,
says Roozbeh Jafari, associate professor in the university's Department of Biomedical engineering and researcher at the Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems.
That mechanism is a gene variant--an allele--found in a part of the genome that controls inflammation.
sequenced the genomes of more than 100 members of a Colombian family affected with early-onset Alzheimer's.
These individuals have a rare gene mutation that leads to full-blown disease around age 49. However, in a few outliers, the disease manifests up to a decade later."
"said co-author Kenneth S. Kosik, co-director of UCSB's Neuroscience Research Institute and a professor in the Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental biology."
"We know they have the mutation. Why are they getting it so much later when the mutation so powerfully determines the early age at onset in most of the family members?
We hypothesized the existence of gene variant actually pushes the disease onset as much as 10 years later."
"Lalli used a statistical genetics approach to determine whether these outliers possess any protective gene variants,
"We know that age is the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer's beyond genetics, "said Lalli,
"Although the gene mutation in the Colombian population is extremely rare, this variant is added not, "he."
#Mathematical'Gingko trees'reveal mutations in single cells that characterize diseases A new interactive analysis program called Gingko has been released that reduces the uncertainty of single-cell analysis
and provides a simple way to visualize patterns in copy number mutations across populations of cells.
and provides a simple way to visualize patterns in copy number mutations across populations of cells.
Mutations come in many forms. For example in the most common type of mutation, variations may exist among individual people--or cells--at a single position in a DNA sequence.
Another common mutation is a copy number variation (CNV), in which large chunks of DNA are deleted
either from or added to the genome. When there are too many or too few copies of a given gene or genes, due to CNVS,
disease can occur. Such mutations have been linked not only with cancer but a host of other illnesses, including autism and schizophrenia.
Researchers can learn a lot by analyzing CNVS in bulk samples--from a tumor biopsy for example--but they can learn more by investigating CNVS in individual cells."
One powerful single-cell analytic technique for exploring CNV is whole genome sequencing. The challenge is that,
web-based program automatically processes sequence data, maps the sequences to a reference genome, and creates CNV profiles for every cell that can then be viewed with a user friendly graphical interface.
In addition, Gingko constructs phylogenetic trees based on the profiles, allowing cells with similar copy number mutations to be grouped together.
what we did with their genetics, "Marie says. For the vast majority of cells in this genome-wide screen, Chelsea Marie was correct;
E. histolytica decimated many thousands of these independent cell cultures. However, a small number of cells seemed to resist the parasite.
but also proof that this cancer-science approach can be used to explore genetic mechanisms of resistance in the field of infectious disease,
#Pancreatic cancer subtypes discovered in largest gene expression analysis of the disease to date Dense surrounding tissue can block drugs from reaching pancreatic cancer tumors,
In the study published in Nature Genetics today, researchers reveal findings of both new subtypes of stroma and two subtypes of pancreatic cancer tumors.
while for some other cancers, we personalize treatment based on an individual patient's tumor genetics or other characteristics,"said the study's senior author Jen Jen Yeh, MD, a UNC Lineberger member and an associate professor and the vice chair for research in the UNC School of medicine Department of Surgery."
They were then able to examine gene expression patterns for each type in tissue samples from five different institutions.
#New molecule found to prevent preterm birth Premature births are linked intimately with inflammation of the uterine tissue, a biological response
#Genome mining effort discovers 19 new natural products in four years It took two postdoctoral researchers, a lab technician,
said University of Illinois microbiology professor William Metcalf, who led the research with U. of I. chemistry professor Wilfred van der Donk."
because we know they are predisposed strongly to have biological activity--antibiotic activity, antiviral activity, herbicidal activity,
"Postdoctoral researcher Kou-San Ju used a technique called"genome mining"to search the genomes of 10,000 strains of actinomycete bacteria for pepm,
a single gene that is required for most types of phosphonate biosynthesis. Postdoctoral researcher Jiangtao Gao then worked with Ju to purify
"Genome mining has previously been used, but only with a few organisms at a time,"Ju said.""We wanted to know
The researchers then sequenced the full genomes of all 278 strains that had the gene.
The researchers describe the new findings as a proof of concept that genome mining can be used on a scale that will speed the process of drug discovery,
"Our study shows that genome mining is not only a viable route to new natural products, but that there are a tremendous number of new compounds awaiting discovery from the genomes of microbial strains,
"Ju said d
#New drug-like compounds may improve odds of men battling prostate cancer, researchers find Researchers at Southern Methodist University,
said biochemist Pia D. Vogel, lead author on the scientific paper reporting the discovery. So far there's no approved drug on the market that reverses cancer chemotherapy resistance caused by P-glycoprotein
or P-gp for short, said Vogel, a biochemistry professor at SMU. One potential drug, Tariquidar, is currently in clinical trials,
chemical and biological functions of the protein in the human body, will speed up the drug discovery process
Vogel and her co-authors, SMU biologist John G. Wise, and doctoral candidates Courtney A. Follit and Frances K. Brewer, reported their findings in the journal Pharmacology Research & Perspectives.
and found four that inhibited the biochemical function of P-gp, stopping it in its action.
said biochemist Pia D. Vogel, lead author on the scientific paper reporting the discovery. So far there's no approved drug on the market that reverses cancer chemotherapy resistance caused by P-glycoprotein
or P-gp for short, said Vogel, a biochemistry professor at SMU. One potential drug, Tariquidar, is currently in clinical trials,
chemical and biological functions of the protein in the human body, will speed up the drug discovery process
Vogel and her co-authors, SMU biologist John G. Wise, and doctoral candidates Courtney A. Follit and Frances K. Brewer, reported their findings in the journal Pharmacology Research & Perspectives.
and found four that inhibited the biochemical function of P-gp, stopping it in its action.
By combining nanoscience and biology, researchers led by scientists at University of California, Berkeley, have taken a big step in that direction.
and a variety of biochemical building blocks. The research is a major advance toward synthetic photosynthesis, a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
Yang said his hybrid inorganic/biological systems give researchers new tools to study photosynthesis --and learn its secrets."
Moore is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at Arizona State university, where he previously headed the Center for Bioenergy & Photosynthesis. Ultimately,
By combining nanoscience and biology, researchers led by scientists at University of California, Berkeley, have taken a big step in that direction.
and a variety of biochemical building blocks. The research is a major advance toward synthetic photosynthesis a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
In a roundtable discussion on his recent breakthroughs and the future of synthetic photosynthesis, Yang said his hybrid inorganic/biological systems give researchers new tools to study photosynthesis
Moore is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at Arizona State university, where he previously headed the Center for Bioenergy & Photosynthesis. Ultimately,
"said Joseph Falkinham, a professor of microbiology in the College of Science and an affiliate of the Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery."
"It's essential that we continue to research basic biology to further understand how cells become cancerous.
#Microbiologists describe new insights into human neurodegenerative disease Microbiology researchers at the University of Georgia studying a soil bacterium have identified a potential mechanism for neurodegenerative diseases.
free radical produced during oxidative stress that would normally initiate apoptosis, or cell death. HSD10 activity is inhibited strongly
"Normally, apoptosis is beneficial for regulating multicellular systems, "said the study's lead author Tye Boynton,
the newly formed cardiolipin peroxides induce apoptosis instead of energy production. The UGA research team, led by microbiology professor Lawrence Shimkets,
showed for the first time that HSD10 can mitigate oxidative damage.""This research suggests that HSD10 prevents neurodegeneration by destroying cardiolipin peroxides
Mooney--who is also the Robert P. Pinkas Family Professor of Bioengineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering
and Wyss Institute Founding Director Donald Ingber, M d.,Ph d.,who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical school and Boston Children's Hospital and Professor of Bioengineering
which was chosen as the Paper of the Week in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, the scientists created novel assays to more accurately measure the brain's energy production.
They found that the genetic mutation associated with Leigh's disease compromised ATP levels, and this reduction of ATP was enough to cause significant cellular dysfunction."
"We really need to understand the basics of cell biology in a normal setting in order to comprehend changes in disease,
#Whole genome-sequencing uncovers new genetic cause for osteoporosis Using extensive genetic data compiled by the UK10K project,
The UK10K project has measured genetic variations in 10,000 individuals in great detail, allowing researchers to correlate rare genetic changes with human disease by comparing the DNA of healthy individuals with those who have health problems.
that sophisticated analysis of the genome would reveal those genes associated with disease. The promise for the contribution genetics can make to human health lies in the discovery of novel compounds that can counter the effect of deleterious genetic variants influencing these genes s
#Research breakthrough in fight against muscle wasting diseases It is estimated that half of all cancer patients suffer from a muscle wasting syndrome called cachexia.
which were published in September's print edition of the FASEB Journal (Federation of American Societies for Experimental biology),
Hervé and Professor Keevil (Centre for Biological sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental sciences. The team that conducted the study now forms the basis of the University's Network for Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Prevention (NAMRIP) Strategic Research Group,
a leading journal in the field of developmental biology, open up new avenues for design of drugs for ataxia, a motor coordination disorder.
from the Department of Biological sciences and Mechanobiology Institute at NUS, collaborated with researchers from the Yong Loo Lin School of medicine at NUS
by Professor Margit Burmeister of U-M. The research team looked at the biological roles of BNIP
-H in cell lines, primary neuron cultures and zebrafish using molecular genetics, protein biochemistry and high speed imaging.
suggesting that the loss of acetylcholine secretion resulting from BNIP-H mutation could explain some of the symptoms of Cayman ataxia.
Talking to the Immune system Previous studies have shown RIPK3 controls the induction of a type of programmed cell death, called necroptosis,
which protects the body from harmful mutations and infections. However, scientists had understood not fully RIPK3's role in the immune system.
Patricia A. Martin-Deleon, a reproductive biologist at the University of Delaware, has witnessed this behavior many times in her studies of fertility in mice, the closest genetic model to humans (and with a much faster reproductive cycle.
who Is distinguished the Trustees Professor of Biological sciences at UD. The research, supported by the National institutes of health-National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Delaware INBRE program, is published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.
It is one of the top most viewed articles published online this summer under the Membrane Biology affinity group, according to the editorial offices of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular biology.
Understanding what happens in the fertilization process takes a little walk down biological memory lane
a reminder of nature's course that led to most of us. Once the egg is released from an ovary
since individuals carrying mutations of one of a variety of genes account for the largest group of infertile couples."
and Chromosomes,"examining the impact of marijuana on embryonic cells--in The Lancet in 1969, as a master's student at the University of the West indies in her native Jamaica.
and 3d printing techniques to create a custom silicone guide implanted with biochemical cues to help nerve regeneration.
a journal in the field of developmental biology, open up new avenues for design of drugs for ataxia, a motor coordination disorder.
from the Department of Biological sciences and Mechanobiology Institute at NUS, collaborated with researchers from the Yong Loo Lin School of medicine at NUS
by Professor Margit Burmeister of U-M. The research team looked at the biological roles of BNIP
-H in cell lines, primary neuron cultures and zebrafish using molecular genetics, protein biochemistry and high speed imaging.
suggesting that the loss of acetylcholine secretion resulting from BNIP-H mutation could explain some of the symptoms of Cayman ataxia.
#Scientists reveal how stem cells defend against viruses Scientists from the Institute of Molecular and Cell biology (IMCB), a research institute under the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR),
and VIRAL DNA residing in the host genome. This characteristic property, known as proviral silencing, however, has not been understood fully.
and virus biology that could translate into valuable therapeutic and diagnostic applications Dr Jonathan Loh,
"Fundamental research on human biology seeks to understand crucial biological processes occurring within humans in order to bring advancement in therapeutics
or kill cancer cells MIT biological engineers have developed a modular system of proteins that can detect a particular DNA sequence in a cell
"says James Collins, the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering and Science in MIT's Department of Biological engineering and Institute of Medical Engineering and Science (IMES)."
and then produce transcription factors that would activate the cells'own programmed cell death pathways. Research tool The researchers are now adapting this system to detect latent HIV proviruses
whether genetic material has been delivered successfully to cells that scientists are trying to genetically alter. Cells that did not receive the new gene could be induced to undergo cell death
or to study the 3-D structure of normal chromosomes by testing whether two genes located far from each other on a chromosome fold in such a way that they end up next to each other,
the researchers say y
#Silicone vaginal rings deliver antiviral drugs, protect women against HIV Researchers at University Jean Monnet of Saint-Etienne,
or tissue which are telltale signs of DNA mutation or the presence of cellular malfunctions such as cancer.
the professor of chemical engineering and of bioengineering at Stanford who led the study.""We make it smart by adding molecular tags that act like addresses to send the therapeutic payload where we want it to go."
Next steps Biotechnologists know how to build the complex protein structures they find in nature, but the Stanford team took this further.
and different aspects are licensed to a biotechnology company in which Swartz has a founding interest. The approach is in its early stages
Macdonald, a Canada Research Chair in Islet Biology, associate professor in the University of Alberta's Faculty of medicine & Dentistry and member of the Alberta Diabetes Institute, is the senior author of a landmark study in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
"For this research, Gonzalez-Esquer worked with Cheryl Kerfeld, the Hannah Distinguished Professor of Structural Bioengineering in the Michigan State university-DOE Plant Research Lab,
BMCS have enormous potential for bioengineering, said Kerfeld, who also is an affiliate of the Berkeley National Laboratory's Physical Biosciences Division."
"We've showed that we can greatly simplify the construction of these factories, "she said."
disassemble on command Scientists have deciphered the genetic code that instructs proteins to either self-assemble or disassemble in response to environmental stimuli, such as changes in temperature, salinity or acidity.
and is the first time that scientists have reported the ability to create biological structures that are programmed readily to assemble
biotechnology and medical treatments.""The very simple design rules that we have discovered provide a powerful engineering tool for many biomedical
and biotechnology applications,"said Ashutosh Chilkoti, chair of the Department of Biomedical engineering at Duke.""We can now,
with a flick of a switch and a temperature jump, make a huge range of biological molecules that either assemble or disassemble."
"The study investigated several triggers that can cause protein structures to assemble or break apart, but it primarily focused on heat.
Because the laboratory identified the genetic sequences that encode this behavior, they were able to point out a long list of human proteins that likely exhibit it."
and the biochemistry communities,"said Quiroz.""They'll be able to push the limits of what we know about these kinds of materials
and then go back to explore how biology is already making use of them
#Two-drug combination shows promise against one type of pancreatic cancer One form of pancreatic cancer has a new enemy:
an associate professor in the UF College of Medicine's department of anatomy and cell biology. Finding new treatments is critical
a team of researchers led by Professor Lim Chwee Teck from NUS'Department of Biomedical engineering achieves a significant technological breakthrough by adopting a liquid-based pressure sensing method in the design of such sensors.
Researchers at Unit 1121"Biomaterials and Bioengineering"(Inserm/Strasbourg university) have succeeded in creating a biofilm with antimicrobial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties.
A biofilm invisible to the naked eye It is within this context that researchers at the"Bioengineering
and Biomaterials"Unit 1121 (Inserm/Strasbourg University) with four laboratories1 have developed a biofilm with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
#Physiologists uncover a new code at the heart of biology UT Southwestern physiologists trying to understand the genetic code have found a previously unknown code that helps explain which protein should be created to form a particular type of cell.
"Our results uncovered a new'code'within the genetic code. We feel this is quite important, as the finding uncovers an important regulatory process that impacts all biology,
"said Dr. Yi Liu, Professor of Physiology. It was known long that almost every amino acid can be encoded by multiple synonymous codons and that every organism,
"The genetic code of nucleic acids is central to life, as it specifies the amino acid sequences of proteins,
Therefore, the genetic code not only specifies the sequence of amino acids but also the shape of the protein."
This can have important implications for identifying human disease-causing mutations because this study indicates that a mutation does not have to change amino acid identity to cause a disease.
In fact, most mutations in human DNA do not result in amino acid change.""Therefore, our study indicates that the new"code"--the speed limit of assembly--within the genetic code can dictate the ultimate function of a given protein,
"said Dr. Liu u
#Metastatic breast cancer cells turn on stem cell genes It only takes seconds: one cancerous cell breaks off from a tumor, slips into the bloodstream and quickly lodges elsewhere in the body.
These colonizers may bloom into deadly metastatic cancer right away or lie dormant for years, only to trigger a recurrence decades after the primary tumor is removed.
and is now an assistant professor of physiology and biophysics at UC Irvine.""It's a big black box in the cancer field--mostly
In the new paper, the researchers used a technique called patient derived xenograft (PDX), which involves transplanting human tumor cells into mice.
"We were able to look at gene expression at a whole new level of resolution, "Lawson said."
"Metastases show stem cell qualities The team compared patterns of gene expression in human cancer cells lodged in different organs of the PDX mice and found stark differences between early-stage and more advanced metastatic colonies.
In other words, the genetic program that makes a cell metastatic did not depend on the genetics of its tumor of origin--suggesting that new techniques might allow researchers to find
Insights could lead to targeted therapies The research team performed a proof of principle experiment to demonstrate how valuable information about metastatic gene expression could be for drug development.
said Andrei Goga, MD, Phd, professor of cell and tissue biology, and of medicine at UCSF and a co-corresponding author on the new study."
because if you know the genetics of these early metastatic cells you can go after them specifically,
"The researchers say the single-cell genomics they used in this study --which a consortium of researchers at UCSF are applying to diverse biological and clinical questions--could have a major impact on the emerging field of precision medicine."
"It's definitely a brave new world, "Lawson said.""We couldn't have done this even five years ago.
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