In the type of integrated solar fuel generator that JCAP is striving to produce two half-reactions must take placene involving the oxidation of water to produce oxygen gas;
the other involving the reduction of water yielding hydrogen gas. Each half-reaction requires both a light-absorbing material to serve as the photoelectrode
Later on sky cities wafting through the Venusian atmosphere (oxygen is a lifting gas on that planet so technically a simple Nitrogen/Oxygen atmosphere
while different sensors above the ground monitor for elevated amounts of gas byproducts of the bomb-making process in the area.
The robot fish is able to swish from side to side as onboard gas inflates
and gas are the backbone of intercontinental trade and the shipping industry represents an annual estimated average of more than#300bn worldwide.
We also lost our gas supply (from Egypt) for electricity. Jordan government had to replace gas with diesel at five times the cost.
Facing that crisis kicked the country into high gear. he government went straight into a macroeconomic stability program
The current prototype is quieter than a neighbor mowing the lawn with a gas-powered motor."
The research team says it confirmed a black hole in the galaxy's center by measuring the speed of the gas swirling around it.
Instead, they used gas to push the chemical components together. It worked! The result was a transparent glass nearly as strong as steel
#A new look at superfluidity MIT physicists have created a superfluid gas, the so-called Bose-Einstein condensate, for the first time in an extremely high magnetic field.
Within this magnetic field, the researchers could keep a gas superfluid for a tenth of a second just long enough for the team to observe it.
the researchers were able to keep the superfluid gas stable for a tenth of a second.
either through a mechanical plunger or compressed gas to produce a more uniform flow, and thus a more uniform width to the extruded filament of glass.
and air conditioning that can reduce the use of harmful gas fluorocarbons.""We are excited about the potential applications that are available for Dr. Stadler's technology,
argon gas is introduced. In the presence of a large voltage the argon becomes ionized and vaporizes the metals through sputtering.
Creating the alloy particles in the gas phase provides a host of benefits. The conventional solution-based approach often results in clumps of the different metals
Furthermore, the kinetically limited gas-phase approach also enables the deposition of intermediate species that would react away in solution."
One such instrument is the gas chromatography system used in a number of scientific, medical,
has used a National Science Foundation award to develop a credit-card-sized gas chromatography platform that can analyze volatile compounds within seconds."
He explained that the research community has pursued more actively"the hybrid integrated approach"for the development of micro gas chromatography system
"The manual assembly of the individual components is really a cumbersome job and increases the overall weight and footprint of the micro gas chromatography system.
the hybrid integrated approach is inconsistent with the purpose of micro gas chromatography research since further improvement in terms of size, cost,
and performance can be achieved by the single chip or monolithic integration of micro gas chromatography components"he added.
and Dr. Hamza Shakeel (Rawalpindi, Pakistan), developed a unique gas chromatography-on-chip module.""The experimental results are really encouraging
"The gas chromatography on-a-chip provides highly efficient separations and detection, reduced analysis times using temperature and flow programming,
as well as fast detection response times suitable for high-speed gas chromatography.""The system's reliability was also impressive.
#MIT Physicists Create a Superfluid in a Record-High Magnetic field Physicists from MIT have created a superfluid gas, the so-called Bose-Einstein condensate, for the first time in an extremely high magnetic field.
Within this magnetic field, the researchers could keep a gas superfluid for a tenth of a second just long enough for the team to observe it.
In the end, the researchers were able to keep the superfluid gas stable for a tenth of a second.
The infalling gas fuels the black holesngine triggering outflows and gas turbulence that incites a firestorm of star birth.
The binary black holes are predicted to spiral together and collide within a few hundred thousand years. Mrk 231 is located 600 million light-years away.
either through a mechanical plunger or compressed gas to produce a more uniform flow, and thus a more uniform width to the extruded filament of glass.
These findings could one day lead to super-dense low-power circuits as well as ultra-sensitive biosensors and gas sensors, the investigators added.
and ultra-sensitive and low-power biosensors and gas sensors to enhance the Internet of things. However, Banerjee cautions that TFETS are designed not for speed
Industrial applications in everything from medical and pharma to oil and gas are huge s
or another carbon-containing gas and superheated into a glowing plasma ball. That creates particles that crystallize into diamonds,
flow-gating mechanisms have also proved very useful for many practical applications designed by humans, such as gas and liquid separations, dialysis,
or extract materials is valuable for uses such as separating components of oil, gas and wastewater,
leading to high costs and risk of gas accidentally escaping into the environment. Additionally, the tunable pressurization and antifouling properties could result in more than 50-percent energy savings compared to current methods."
"Basic fluid mechanics dictate the precise extraction and output of a wide variety of liquid and gas mixtures according to easily-calculated pressure adjustments."
and may also serve as storage systems of this gas. It is a novel technology
#Archaeal Gas Vesicle Nanoparticles Hold Potential to Develop Powerful Malaria Vaccine In a recent breakthrough to combat malaria,
Shiladitya Dassarma's laboratory at the University of Maryland School of medicine, Baltimore, USA, who has developed Archaeal gas vesicle nanoparticles (GVNPS.
such as gas chromatography or mass spectroscopy. hese are good ways to detect smell molecules, but they require a large amount of work before the sample is even ready to test,
Precisely because there will be a shortfall in electricity generation as a result of existing nuclear-and coal and gas-power stations shutting down.
In theory, it could simply increase power generation from traditional fossil fuels such as coal and gas, but stringent, legally-binding carbon dioxide emissions targets mean this is not possible.
There is some room for an increase in gas-generated power but as we import most of this gas,
the government has concerns about energy security-it wants us to generate our own power, not rely on others for it.
Tiny"microbubbles"of gas boosted the power of the low-frequency sound waves.""The microbubbles grow and shrink in tune with the ultrasound pressure waves,
is characterized by a cluster of confounding symptoms that include chronic bloating, abdominal pain, gas, and bouts of relentless diarrhea, constipation, or both.
gas-generating calcium carbonate micro-particles that can be applied in powder form to stop critical bleeding.
The particles work by releasing carbon dioxide gas, like antacid tablets to propel them toward the source of bleeding.
"Attacks by Iranian hackers have targeted the military, oil and gas, energy and utilities, transportation, airlines, airports, hospitals and aerospace industries, among others,
which reacts with the inner platinum surface of the micromotors to generate a stream of oxygen gas bubbles that propel the micromotors around.
Ladee spacecraft confirms presence of the gas for the first time The presence of neon in the moon atmosphere has been a subject of speculation for decades.
Now, for the first time, scientists have confirmed the gas is not only present, but abundant on the moon. The discovery was made by analysing data sent back from Nasa Lunar Atmosphere and Dust environment Explorer,
While the gas is used in electric signs On earth, there is not enough neon to make the moon glow visibly,
the readings showed that some gas comes from lunar rocks. For example, Argon-40 comes from the decay of naturally occurring radioactive potassium-40,
Dr Benna believes this transient source of argon may be the result of enhanced outgassing-the release of a gas that was dissolved,
They throw 100 times more superheated gas, ash and rock into the atmosphere than run-of-the-mill eruptions-enough to blanket continents and plunge the globe into decades-long volcanic winters.
when they become a super-eruption, the resulting gigantic volcanic outbursts that throw 100 times more superheated gas,
The reaction also yields excess hydrogen gas, which can be stored and harnessed as energy in a fuel cell.
An additional 1. 9 million gallons of diesel per year will be offset by injecting the remaining renewable gas produced by the digester into the National grid natural gas pipeline on Long island.
This will enable the gas to be used to fuel compressed natural gas vehicles in other areas. The project is part of the Cleaner, Greener Communities program, a statewide initiative encouraging communities to incorporate sustainability goals and principles into local plans and projects.
"Xylochemistry could represent an important alternative to the climate-damaging use of the earth's finite resources of natural oil and gas in the production of chemicals."
Instead of the combustion of volatile chemicals, ion engines operate with chemically inert xenon gas. Using an electrostatic field,
the ionized gas is accelerated out of the nozzle, propelling the craft forward. This is the same type of thruster technology used on NASA Dawn spacecraft,
If a dangerous gas is detected in the air, or if a person using a restroom leaves it odorous,
generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas. The photocathode recombines the protons and electrons to form hydrogen gas.
NO EXPLOSIONS A key part of the design is the plastic membrane, which keeps the oxygen and hydrogen gases separate.
you burn a little bit of gas.""By offloading some of the clutching muscle forces from the calf to the passive-elastic device,
#Finnish tech could let smartphones"see"gas Smartphones are already able to monitor things such as light, sound, movement and geographical location.
if a given gas is present, and in what amount. Among other things, it has been suggested that the device could be used to measure carbon dioxide concentrations.
San diego are also all working on smartphone gas sensors s
#Aluminum"yolk"nanoparticles deliver high-capacity battery recipe Researchers at MIT and Tsinghua University in China have found a way to more than triple the capacity of the anodes,
#Boron-doped graphene to enable ultrasensitive gas sensors As an atom-thick, two-dimensional material with high conductivity,
and may eventually lead to detectors with such sensitivity that they could detect infinitesimally tiny amounts of gas in the order of parts per quadrillion.
the researchers created sensors that are able to detect gas molecules at exceptionally low concentrations;
where they were compared then with known highly sensitive gas sensors. At the same time, the Novoselov lab at the University of Manchester, UK (where graphene was synthesized first
"This multidisciplinary research paves a new avenue for further exploration of ultrasensitive gas sensors, "says Dr. Avetik Harutyunyan,
or the detection of NOX leaks in automotive or industrial areas where exhaust fumes from engines containing the gas can prove lethal in confined spaces.
The scientists also believe that their theoretical research points towards using boron-doped graphene to improve such things as lithium-ion batteries by controlling generated gas levels for optimum efficiency y
As part of the experiment, the worms were surrounded by fluid containing tiny gas-filled bubbles. Low-intensity ultrasound waves he same type used in sonography ere amplified by the bubbles before propagating into the worms.
It will also almost certainly be used in gas-fired power plants and perhaps in nuclear reactors as well.
a pollutant gas commonly found in vehicle exhaust that also results from fossil fuel combustion. Prolonged exposure to nitrogen dioxide can be dangerous to human health,
and filter harmful gas from air.""This sensor can bring a significant change to our daily life
unlike the gas sensors invariably developed with the existing solid substrates, "says Hyung-Kun Lee,
including a small polymer panel that literally goes"poof,"changing from a solid into a gas.
But in gas sensing applications, copper oxide was much less widely investigated compared to other metal oxide materials.
The researchers detected carbon monoxide indirectly, by measuring the change in the resulting circuit electrical resistance in presence of the gas.
Compared to other options being explored in gas sensing which are bulky and difficult to miniaturize,
nanowire gas sensors will be cheaper and potentially easier to mass produce. The main energy cost in operating this kind of a sensor will be the high temperatures necessary to facilitate the chemical reactions for ensuring certain electrical response.
But in gas sensing applications, copper oxide was much less widely investigated compared to other metal oxide materials.
The researchers detected carbon monoxide indirectly, by measuring the change in the resulting circuit electrical resistance in presence of the gas.
Compared to other options being explored in gas sensing which are bulky and difficult to miniaturize,
nanowire gas sensors will be cheaper and potentially easier to mass produce. The main energy cost in operating this kind of a sensor will be the high temperatures necessary to facilitate the chemical reactions for ensuring certain electrical response.
Their porous properties have led to proposed application in carbon capture, hydrogen storage and toxic gas separations,
to enable solid structures with uses in gas separation and storage. Dr Thomas Bennett from the Department of Materials science and Metallurgy at the University of Cambridge says:
#Butterfly wings help break the status quo in gas sensing The unique properties found in the stunning iridescent wings of a tropical blue butterfly could hold the key to developing new highly selective gas detection sensors.
has replicated the surface chemistry found in the iridescent scales of the Morpho butterfly to create an innovative gas sensor.
This selective response to vapour molecules is the key to this bio-inspired gas sensor.
and Air force Research Laboratory, produced these new kind of colorimetric sensors that favourably compete with conventional gas sensor arrays in simplicity, stability,
but meaningful gas leaks in a multitude of industrial processes remain an unmet environmental, health,
The research team believe this highly selective colorimetric sensor could represent a significant advancement in gas leak detection performance in the future.
gas bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen are formed. If this voltage is generated by sunlight in a solar cell,
then you could store solar energy by generating hydrogen gas. This is because hydrogen is a versatile medium of storing
She uses a chemical vapour coating technique (sprayed ion-layer gas reaction/Spray-ILGAR) that was developed
The produced aerosol is directed over the heated substrate using a stream of nitrogen gas resulting into a polycrystalline thin film grown on the chalcopyrite substrate over time with embedded nanoparticles of platinum.
generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas. The photocathode recombines the protons and electrons to form hydrogen gas.
A key part of the JCAP design is the plastic membrane, which keeps the oxygen and hydrogen gases separate.
of metal-organic frameworks (MOFS)- sponge-like 3d crystals with an extraordinarily large internal surface area-that feature flexible gas-adsorbing pores.
and reduce the cooling effects upon discharging the gas from the ANG tank, "says Jeffrey Long,
and desorbing the gas from the adsorbent has proven to be difficult. The key to the success of the MOFS developed by Long,
because the gas must force its way into the MOF crystal structure, opening and expanding the pores.
Combined gas adsorption and in situ powder X-ray diffraction experiments performed under various pressures of methane at 25°C (77°F) showed that there is minimal adsorption of methane by the cobalt-bpd MOF at low pressures,
Long says that it should be possible to design MOF adsorbents of methane with even stronger gas binding sites and higher energy phase transitions for next generation ANG vehicles.
"Carbon dioxide is 15 percent of the gas coming off a power plant, so a carbon-capture unit is going to be said big
"From flue gas to submarines Power plants that capture CO2 today use an old technology whereby flue gases are bubbled through organic amines in water, where the carbon dioxide binds to amines.
The liquid is heated then to 120-150 degrees Celsius (250-300 degrees Fahrenheit) to release the gas, after
which can be a problem in flue gas. And it just happens we got the right length in the amine to make these one-dimensional chains that bind CO2IN a cooperative manner."
as they use the rare gas xenon as a propellant, which also needs pressurization for storage.
and react to make a precursor compound that is deposited on a substrate by an argon carrier gas.
Some rely on gas-filled chambers; others work only in narrow frequency bands, limiting their utility. Synthetic diamonds with nitrogen vacancies (NVS) defects that are extremely sensitive to magnetic fields have held long promise as the basis for efficient, portable magnetometers.
#Scientists a step closer to developing renewable propane (Nanowerk News) Researchers at The University of Manchester have made a significant breakthrough in the development of synthetic pathways that will enable renewable biosynthesis of the gas propane.
working with colleagues at Imperial College and University of Turku, have created a synthetic pathway for biosynthesis of the gas propane.
While under ambient conditions it is a clean-burning gas, with existing global markets and infrastructure for storage,
so that their ability to carry an electric current changes in the presence of a particular gas.
spatially-explicit overview of biogenic gas emission resulting from crops used to produce biofuels. In developing this model,
But compressing gas into a high-pressure mixture takes a lot of energy. The benefit of enhanced binding is that the new catalyst requires lower pressure
pockets of water vapor or gas accumulate in them by underwater evaporation or effervescence, just like a drop of water evaporates without having to boil it.
These gas pockets deflect water, keeping the surface dry, "he said. In a study published today (Aug 18) by the journal Scientific Reports("Sustaining dry surfaces under water),
where dissolved gas was removed from the ambient liquid, and they also remained dry.""It was amazing and
allowing gas to be retained between the hairs.""These gas-retaining insects have surface properties consistent with our predictions,
allowing them to stay dry for a long time, "said Paul R. Jones, the study's first author.
alerting the wearer by turning on an LED light("Ultrasensitive and Highly Selective Graphene-Based Single Yarn for Use in Wearable Gas Sensor").
a pollutant gas commonly found in vehicle exhaust that also results from fossil fuel combustion. Prolonged exposure to nitrogen dioxide can be dangerous to human health,
and filter harmful gas from air. his sensor can bring a significant change to our daily life
unlike the gas sensors invariably developed with the existing solid substrates, says Dr. Hyung-Kun Lee,
#Ultrasensitive sensors made from boron-doped graphene Ultrasensitive gas sensors based on the infusion of boron atoms into graphene--a tightly bound matrix of carbon atoms--may soon be possible, according to an international team of researchers
but it is also a highly sensitive gas sensor. With the addition of boron atoms, the boron graphene sensors were able to detect noxious gas molecules at extremely low concentrations, parts per billion in the case of nitrogen oxides and parts per million for ammonia
the two gases tested to date. This translates to a 27 times greater sensitivity to nitrogen oxides
reported today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences("Ultrasensitive gas detection of large-area boron-doped graphene),
Once fabricated, the researchers sent boron graphene samples to researchers at the Honda Research Institute USA Inc.,Columbus, Ohio, who tested the samples against their own highly sensitive gas sensors.
"This multidisciplinary research paves a new avenue for further exploration of ultrasensitive gas sensors, "said Avetik Harutyunyan,
it is safer and simpler to take it into space than a plasma or gas.
versus the 60 percent efficiency of the gas motor. The idea of electric propulsion is nothing new;
the aluminum reacts with the sodium hydroxide to release hydrogen gas, while placing the aluminum in the liquid metal drop's rear creates differences in electrical charges across the liquid metal.
for gas molecules to stick to the internal surfaces of the poresnd store them at high density,
along with serving to increase natural gas-powered vehicle driving range within the limited cargo space. atural gas storage in porous materials provides the key advantage of being able to store significant amounts of natural gas at low pressures
than compressed gas at the same conditions, said Veenstra, the principal investigator of this ARPA-E project. he advantage of low pressure is the benefit it provides both onboard the vehicle and off-board at the station.
Long has been exploring MOFS as gas adsorbers for a decade, hoping to use them to capture carbon dioxide emitted from power plants or store hydrogen in hydrogen-fueled vehicles,
or to catalyze gas reactions for industry. Last year, however, a study by UC Berkeley Berend Smit found that rigid MOFS have limited a capacity to store methane.
Most people know the ice, liquid and gas phases, and some are familiar with the different magnetic phases that store data in our electronic devices
while flowing nitrogen gas is known to extract oxygen atoms from the bismuth vanadate, creating"defects."
Immediately the water in the acid solution began to break down into hydrogen and oxygen gas.
they'd actually managed to ionise the gas into plasma.""This method is probably an easy and original way to make a plasma,
Low temperature plasmas are formed by applying a high electric field across a gas using an electrode, which breaks down the gas to form plasma.
This creates a complex, unique reactive environment containing high concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS).
and changing the air to a different gas could enable even lower operation powers. An advantage of this"one-color"approach to generating terahertz radiation is the fact that the terahertz waves propagate in a different direction to the laser beam.
but with different materials, it starts with a powdery precursor, forms a gas and sprinkles single atoms onto a substrate, one layer at a time.
"Nitric oxide is formed a gas from arginine that relaxes blood vessels and lowers arterial blood pressure. The destruction of arginine by arginase reduces nitric oxide levels, leading to the constriction of blood vessels and high blood pressure."
"Another interesting case is gas phase samples, "Li says.""Due to the almost 1, 000-fold shorter wavelength of electrons compared to X-rays,
genetic changes that contributed to large epidemics of group A streptococcus (GAS).""These findings now give us the opportunity to begin to develop new translational medicine tools
"According to the World health organization, GAS causes more than 600 million cases of human disease every year. The majority of cases are group A streptococcus pharyngitis, more commonly known as strep throat.
was that changes in the genetic make-up of the GAS pathogen had underpinned new epidemics. To address this hypothesis
the researchers found they could ionize the gas into a plasma that glowed a soft blue light."
and the water in the hydrochloric acid solution started to break down into hydrogen and oxygen gas.
At first the researchers believed that the drop might be resting on a cushion of hydrogen gas from the breakup of water
farming and even oil and gas exploration are highly vulnerable to wear and tear, Erdemir said. His new technology could help preserve all this equipment."
investigates the synthesis of valuable organic molecules directly from calcium carbide, without separation and storage of acetylene gas.
storing, and handling of acetylene gas. The developed process gives a vivid example of successful replacement of dangerous and difficult to handle acetylene gas by a simple and inexpensive calcium carbide.
pockets of water vapor or gas accumulate in them by underwater evaporation or effervescence, just like a drop of water evaporates without having to boil it.
These gas pockets deflect water, keeping the surface dry, "he said. In a study published today (Aug 18) by the journal Scientific Reports,
where dissolved gas was removed from the ambient liquid, and they also remained dry.""It was amazing and
allowing gas to be retained between the hairs.""These gas-retaining insects have surface properties consistent with our predictions,
allowing them to stay dry for a long time, "said Paul R. Jones, the study's first author.
generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas. The photocathode recombines the protons and electrons to form hydrogen gas.
A key part of the JCAP design is the plastic membrane, which keeps the oxygen and hydrogen gases separate.
in which the liquid partially floats on a layer of air or gas, and Wenzel, in which the droplets are in full contact with the surface,
which exhibit a spontaneous, partial reappearance of the trapped gas phase upon liquid depressurization. This phenomenon appears to be influenced by the kinetics of gas-liquid exchange.
These results have profound implications for the understanding and the design of nanosized multiphase (liquid/vapor) systems, including more effective superhydrophobic coatings.
shows considerable protection against malaria when displayed on Archaeal gas vesicle nanoparticles. A vaccine based on this motif could confer protection against all malaria parasites.
Shiladitya Dassarma's laboratory at the University of Maryland School of medicine, Baltimore, USA, who has developed Archaeal gas vesicle nanoparticles (GVNPS.
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