Think of it as a reverse crane says Glass who invented the core BAT technology. A crane has a nice stationary component
At Greentown employees engage in computer modeling and design build electronics and circuit boards develop algorithms
Among the tools that computer scientists are developing to make the profusion of video more useful are algorithms for activity recognition or determining
At the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition in June Hamed Pirsiavash a postdoc at MIT and his former thesis advisor Deva Ramanan of the University of California at Irvine will present a new activity
They found that according to metrics standard in the field of computer vision their algorithm identified new instances of the same activities more accurately than its predecessors.
The MIT team designed their liposomes to carry doxorubicin inside the particle core, with erlotinib embedded in the outer layer.
#Computer system automatically solves word problems Researchers in MIT Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory, working with colleagues at the University of Washington, have developed a new computer system that can automatically solve the type of word problems common in introductory algebra classes.
In the near term, the work could lead to educational tools that identify errors in studentsreasoning
One is the computer algebra system Macsyma, whose initial development at MIT in the 1960s was a milestone in artificial-intelligence research.
we need ways to monitor neural function deep in the brain with spatial, temporal, and functional precision, he says.
An area known as the nucleus accumbens core, known to be one of the main targets of dopamine from the VTA,
And we have a solution. ompared to our competitors at the panel level, we can recover twice as much energy under partial shading conditions, at a fraction of existing costs, added Arthur Chang,
Existing solutions for partially shaded solar panels optimize power at the panel level. But these bulky oxesrely on costly energy storage components
The idea is that providing power balance for individual PV cells instead of for an entire panel allows for finer tuning of power optimization. hen youe at the cell level,
which houses computers for automation and control, and expandable 20,000-gallon treatment units. In these units, microbes called xoelectrogensexecute a unique process, electromethanogenesis which is being used for the first time ever in treating wastewater.
But the core technology began as a bit of aerospace ingenuity and has since found its way back to space.
The researchers also believe this test could be exploited to screen for new drugs that inhibit
and to monitor whether treatments are having the desired effect according to the researchers who describe the device in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the week of April 21.
and power throughout all the stages of a gait using software created by Herr s group a process the company calls Personal Bionic Tuning.
Several of these prototype designs with exposed mechanical parts and looping wires are on permanent display at the MIT Media Lab. Still today Herr can remember stepping into the group s first bionic leg prototype and then back
Herr s experience commercializing a computer-controlled knee joint designed by his group for the Icelandic company Ossur inspired him to launch iwalk in 2006.
One could just bolt these pieces together to produce a humanoid hardware platform Herr says.
based on computer analysis. But translating that theoretical work into a practical material proved daunting: In order to reach the desired energy density the amount of energy that can be stored in a given weight
what their computer simulations showed they would need, the material nevertheless seemed to deliver the heat storage they were aiming for.
and privacy filters for display screens. The work is described in a paper appearing this week in the journal Science,
The filtering could also be applied to display screens on phones or computers so only those viewing from directly in front could see them.
Using a computer algorithm that traces the shapes of neurons and groups them based on structural similarity,
the researchers sorted more than 350 mouse retinal neurons into 15 types, including six that were unidentified previously.
Using a computer algorithm, they traced along the many branches, known as dendrites, that extend from each cell to connect with other cells.
the researchers used a computer program to align and condense each one so that the arbors were represented by smaller,
the computer program correctly classified all of the known neurons. Among the randomly selected neurons, some ended up being grouped with the known types,
Results can be plugged into the company software, which tracks contaminated products and can provide analytics on
and paper or spreadsheets to track contamination hich makes it nearly impossible to gather large amounts of data,
He used the lab s 3-D printer to build the mold in which he cast the fish s tail
It would be impractical to do this kind of large-scale protein screen in patients, but it could be possible to test samples for certain proteins using antibodies,
Custom software reads the driver s braking habits and optimizes the system. The startup also collects operational data from the vehicles to inform fleet managers of the best vehicles for the technology usually ones traveling in the stop
For example the program has produced the first of a planned series of science centers a simple concrete building outfitted with computers
The program links MIT teachers and mentors to Tibetan community programs through Skype supplemented by regular travel by Dalai lama Center staff alumni and students who among other work teach weeklong leadership
Patients play a video game by maneuvering the robot arm, with the robot assisting as needed. While the robot has mainly been used as a form of physical therapy,
#Cochlear implants with no exterior hardware Cochlear implants medical devices that electrically stimulate the auditory nerve have granted at least limited hearing to hundreds of thousands of people worldwide who otherwise would be totally deaf.
low-power signal processing chip that could lead to a cochlear implant that requires no external hardware.
Lowering the power requirements of the converter chip was the key to dispensing with the skull-mounted hardware.
and found a low-power way to implement it in hardware. Two of their collaborators at MEEI Konstantina Stankovic, an ear surgeon who co-led the study with Chandrakasan,
The MIT researchers are now using representational similarity analysis to study the accuracy of computer models of vision by comparing brain scan data with the modelspredictions of how vision works.
#Bringing the world reboot-less updates It s an annoyance for the individual computer user:
You ve updated your operating system and now you need to reboot. This is so the computer can switch to the modified source code.
Imagine however having to update and reboot hundreds or thousands of computers operating in large companies and organizations:
It can have a significant impact in lost time and money as computers and online services shut down sometimes for hours.
To avoid downtime organizations will usually wait for low-traffic periods to update but this can leave the servers outdated or vulnerable to cyber attacks.
In 2008 Jeff Arnold 07 MENG 08 along with a team of MIT computer scientists and engineers began solving this issue by developing
and commercializing software called Ksplice that automatically applies patches (security updates or bug fixes) to an operating system on the fly without requiring a reboot.
Based on Arnold s award-winning MIT master s thesis the novel software compares changes between the old
and updated code and implements those changes into a running Linux kernel an operating system s core data-processing component.
In essence it does something that could normally be achieved only by shutting down the operating system. The software also incorporates novel techniques that remove the need for programmer intervention with the code (a trademark of performing updates without Ksplice)
which decreases the cost and risk of error Arnold says. The aim is to allow administrators the benefit of the update
while eliminating both the cost and downtime for the users Arnold says. After winning the 2009 MIT $100k Entrepreneurship Competition for the software Arnold co-founded Ksplice Inc. with Waseem Daher 07 MENG 08 Tim Abbott 07 SM 08
and Anders Kaseorg 08 in Cambridge to launch it as a commercial product. Arnold served as the company s CEO.
In just 18 months Ksplice accumulated 700 customers independent firms government agencies and Fortune 500 companies that were running the software on more than 100000 servers.
Then the startup sold for an undisclosed amount to technology giant Oracle which is now providing the software to its Oracle Linux customers
which include banks retail firms and telecommunications companies worldwide. After the purchase the Ksplice team joined Oracle to help the company integrate the software in its products.
As of today Ksplice has only ever run on Linux operating systems. But Daher says the code is written in a way that should make it potentially expandable to other products such as Mac and Windows operating systems.
Object focusedthe process of updating running kernels is called hot updating or hot patching and predates Ksplice.
But Ksplice s novelty is that it constructs hot patches using the object code binary that a computer can understand instead of the source code computer instructions written
and modified as text by a programmer (such as in C++ or Java). Hot patching a program without Ksplice requires a programmer to construct replacement source code
or manually inspect the code to create an update. Programmers might also need to resolve ambiguity in the code say choosing the correct location in computer memory
when two or more software components have the same name. Ksplice however hot patches the object code using two novel techniques invented by Arnold.
The first called pre-post differencing creates object code before a patch (pre) and object code modified by the patch (post) on the fly.
It then compares the pre and post code to determine what code has been modified extracts the changed code
The second technique called run-pre matching computes the address in computer memory of ambiguous code by using custom computation to compare the pre code with the finalized running kernel (run code.
while the servers were in heavy use he delayed installing the update until the weekend.
This wait unfortunately resulted in a cyber attack that required reinstalling all the system software. That s what motivated
You can t bring servers down right away and can t wait until you have a chance to update
Arnold and Daher are now working on another software startup at the Cambridge Business Center and still keep in touch with the VMS they say.
The algorithm which makes subtle changes to various points on the face to make it more memorable without changing a person s overall appearance was unveiled earlier this month at the International Conference on Computer Vision in Sydney.
which people will actually remember a face says lead author Aditya Khosla a graduate student in the Computer Vision group within CSAIL.
To develop the memorability algorithm the team first fed the software a database of more than 2000 images.
In this way the software was able to analyze the information to detect subtle trends in the features of these faces that made them more or less memorable to people.
All the hardware it requires can already be found in commercial lidar systems; the new system just deploys that hardware in a manner more in tune with the physics of low light-level imaging and natural scenes.
Count the photonsas Ahmed Kirmani a graduate student in MIT s Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science and lead author on the new paper explains the very idea of forming an image with only a single photon detected at each pixel location is counterintuitive.
The technique known as raster scanning is how old cathode ray tube-tube televisions produced images illuminating one phosphor dot on the screen at a time.
The camera is based on ime of Flighttechnology like that used in Microsoft recently launched second-generation Kinect device, in
This allows the team to use inexpensive hardware off-the-shelf light-emitting diodes (LEDS) can strobe at nanosecond periods,
Davis says. ormally the computer scientists who could invent the processing on this data can build the devices,
Davis says. o it going to go from expensive to cheap thanks to video games, and that should shorten the time before people start wondering what it can be used for,
What our study really says is that these drugs could have an entirely new second life in combination with chemotherapy says Yaffe who is a member of MIT s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research.
They are now studying mouse models of colon and ovarian cancer. The research was funded by the Austrian Science Fund the National institutes of health Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. the Koch Institute MIT s Center for Environmental Health Sciences the Volkswagenstiftung the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft the German
To create a sonic portrait of a single speaker Glass explains a computer system will generally have to analyze more than 2000 different speech sounds;
According to Patrick Kenny a principal research scientist at the Computer Research Institute of Montreal i-vectors were devised originally to solve the problem of speaker recognition or determining whether the same speaker features on multiple recordings.
We think that in this mouse model we may have some kind of indication that there s a disorganized thinking process going on says Junghyup Suh a research scientist at the Picower Institute
This mutant mouse doesn t seem to have that kind of replay of a previous experience.
when a person (or mouse) is resting between goal-oriented tasks. When the brain is focusing on a specific goal
Compilers are computer programs that translate high-level instructions written in human-readable languages like Java or C into low-level instructions that machines can execute.
modifying algorithms specified by programmers so that theyl run more efficiently. Sometimes that means simply discarding lines of code that appear to serve no purpose.
At the ACM Symposium on Operating systems Principles in November, MIT researchers will present a new system
commercial software engineers have downloaded already Stack and begun using it, with encouraging results. As strange as it may seem to nonprogrammers or people
f youe a programmer, you should not write a statement where you take some number and divide it by zero.
and there are things that are undefined behavior that most programmers don realize are undefined behavior. A classic example
the computer will lop off the bits that don fit. n machines, integers have a limit,
Seasoned C programmers will actually exploit this behavior to verify that program inputs don exceed some threshold.
According to Wang, programmers give a range of explanations for this practice. Some say that the intent of the comparison an overflow check is clearer
and identified every undefined behavior that he and his coauthors Kaashoek and his fellow EECS professors Nickolai Zeldovich and Armando Solar-Lezama imagined that a programmer might ever inadvertently invoke.
but not the first and warns the programmer that it could pose problems. The MIT researchers tested their system on several open-source programs.
Mattias Engdegård, an engineer at Intel, is one of the developers who found Stack online
By creating a computer model of that microstructure and studying its response to various conditions, e found that there is a mechanism that can, in principle, close cracks under any applied stress,
A computer simulation of the molecular stucture of a metal alloy, showing the boundaries between microcystalline grains (white lines forming hexagons),
#Better robot vision Object recognition is one of the most widely studied problems in computer vision.
Because Bingham distributions are so central to his work Glover has developed also a suite of software tools that greatly speed up calculations involving them.
The software is freely available online for other researchers to use. In the rotationone reason the Bingham distribution is so useful for robot vision is that it provides a way to combine information from different sources.
Generally determining an object s orientation entails trying to superimpose a geometric model of the object over visual data captured by a camera in the case of Glover s work a Microsoft Kinect camera
Imagine too that software has identified four locations in an image where color or depth values change abruptly likely to be the corners of an object.
Gary Bradski vice president of computer vision and machine learning at Magic Leap and president and CEO of Opencv the nonprofit that oversees the most widely used open-source computer-vision software library believes that the Bingham
In previous studies using mouse models of fragile X, Bear and others discovered that the loss of this gene results in exaggerated protein synthesis at synapses, the specialized sites of communication between neurons.
the researchers used a mouse model of 16p11.2 microdeletion, created by Alea Mills at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
biochemical, and behavioral analyses, the MIT team compared this 16p11.2 mouse with what they already had established in the fragile X mouse.
Synaptic protein synthesis was disrupted indeed in the hippocampus, a part of the brain important for memory formation.
An onboard control system has software to track the route and manage the cameras. On the software side, computer vision and machine-learning algorithms stitch together the images, extract features,
and filter out background objects. In one night, the cars can generate more than 3 terabytes of data,
Not just finding the culprits These early innovations to the hardware have nabled Essess to have this large-scale,
software-analytics approach, says Sarma, who is now Essessboard director. For utility companies, this means pinpointing home and building owners who are more or less likely to implement energy-efficient measures.
To do so, Sarma helped develop software that brings in household and demographic data such as information on householdsmortgage payments
And constant tweaks had to be made to the GPS system that required more sophisticated software. hen youe driving around
There also the software. ou get the system running and realize there a tree in front of the building and,
was finding how closely coupled the hardware was to the software. his is truly mechatronic,
he says. small change to the hardware could have profound effects on the software. You may say,
but that changes everything else in the software. You really have to think about everything together.
and their co-authors at IBM T. J. Watson Research center, Hong kong Polytechnic University, and the University of Minnesota.
Phaedon Avouris, a researcher at IBM and co-author of the paper, says, he combination of these two materials provides a unique system that allows the manipulation of optical processes. he combined materials create a tuned system that can be adjusted to allow light only of certain specific wavelengths
a researcher at IBM and the University of Minnesota, says, ur work paves the way for using 2-D material heterostructures for engineering new optical properties on demand. nother potential application,
Vandiver made the organization first 3-D printed land mine example from an existing computer-aided design (CAD) model of a Russian antipersonnel landmine.
The closest 3-D printers however, were at the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD.
and MIT students to improve their CAD skills and learn to perfect 3-D printing.
Ten months ago, the Golden West Foundation completed its first complete set of 3-D-printed models, ready for use in training.
Golden West is receiving orders from around the world for models made on 3-D printers set up by Golden West in Phnom penh.
Melanie Gonick/MIT (with computer simulations from Alexei Bylinkskii) Friction and force fieldsthe team simulated friction at the nanoscale by first engineering two surfaces to be placed in contact:
and even livestock would have embedded their own sensors that report information directly to networked servers,
Software uploads these disparate images to a mobile device and stitches them together rapidly into full panoramic images.
a computer scientist who had founded co a few tech startups including Picturetel, directly out of graduate school, with the late MIT professor David Staelin before coming to VMS as a mentor in 2007.
recruiting a core team of engineers and establishing its first market instead of focusing on technical challenges. he particulars of the technology are usually not the primary areas of focus in VMS,
six-lensed camera that pulls raw images from its lenses simultaneously into one processor. This reduces complexity
that a mobile device uses to quickly grab those images ecause a burning building probably isn going to have Wi-fi,
is the image-stitching software, developed by engineers at the Costa rican Institute of technology. The software algorithms, Aguilar says,
vastly reduce computational load and work around noise and other image-quality problems. Because of this, it can stitch multiple images in a fraction of a second,
after the Explorer release, Aguilar says Bounce Imaging may option its image-stitching technology for drones, video games, movies,
which are needed for brief transmissions of data from wearable devices such as heart-rate monitors, computers, or smartphones, the researchers say.
Ghoniem says. ur goal is to provide computer models that companies can use to predict performance before they start building new equipment.
Nevertheless, the researchers were able to use powerful computers to accurately solve their CFD model,
They are taking a closer look at inexpensive catalysts that can help encourage the breakdown of large hydrocarbons
Nanoparticles made from these polymers have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell. Due to molecular-scale forces
BPA, another endocrine-disrupting synthetic compound widely used in plastic bottles and other resinous consumer goods, from thermal printing paper samples;
Power electronics is a ubiquitous technology used to convert electricity to higher or lower voltages and different currents such as in a laptop power adapter
and laptop power adapters one-third the size or even small enough to fit inside the computer itself. his is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to change electronics
Major applications CEI is currently using its advanced transistors to develop laptop power adaptors that are approximately 1. 5 cubic inches in volume the smallest ever made.
The technology uses mobile phones and tablets to collect data on where people are and how theye moving.
Put together in sequence these p-n junctions form transistors which can in turn be combined into integrated circuits microchips and processors.
The finding has the potential to increase graphene's use in computers as in computer chips that use electronic spin to store data.
the Rice team used sophisticated computer modeling to show it's possible to rip nanoribbons
This method is analogous to half-toning used in ink-based printing and results in a broad color gamut comments Yang.
Researchers use aluminum nanostructures for photorealistic printing of plasmonic color palettes More information: Tan S. J. Zhang L. Zhu D. Goh X. M. Wang Y. M. et al.
Plasmonic color palettes for photorealistic printing with aluminum nanostructures. Nano Letters 14 4023#4029 (2014.
which consist of a core that glows blue when struck by near-infrared light, and an outer fabric of porphyrin-phospholipids (Pop) that wraps around the core.
Credit: Jonathan Lovell Differences like these mean doctors can get a much clearer picture of
and an outer fabric of porphyrin-phospholipids (Pop) that wraps around the core. Each part has unique characteristics that make it ideal for certain types of imaging.
The core, initially designed for upconversion imaging, is made from sodium, ytterbium, fluorine, yttrium and thulium.
""Another advantage of this core/shell imaging contrast agent is that it could enable biomedical imaging at multiple scales, from single-molecule to cell imaging,
#High-resolution patterns of quantum dots with e-jet printing A team of 17 materials science and engineering researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana#Champaign and Erciyes University in Turkey have authored High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots
Are formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes. Their paper was published in Nano Letters an ACS journal.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes.
The thickness can be controlled through a combination of printing parameters including the size of the nozzle the stage speed ink composition and voltage bias.
Their work on high-resolution patterns of quantum dots is of interest as it shows that advanced techniques in e-jet printing offer powerful capabilities in patterning quantum dot materials from solution inks over large areas.
E-jet printing refers to a technique called electrohydrodynamic jet described as a micro/nanomanufacturing process that uses an electric field to induce fluid jet printing through micro/nanoscale nozzles.
The resolution of conventional ink jet-printers printers is limited. For the past seven years she said Rogers has been developing the electrohydrodynamic jet printing method.
This kind of printer works by pulling ink droplets out of the nozzle rather than pushing them allowing for smaller droplets.
An electric field at the nozzle opening causes ions to form on the meniscus of the ink droplet.
Then a tiny droplet shears off and lands on the printing surface. A computer program controls the printer by directing the movement of the substrate
and varying the voltage at the nozzle to print a given pattern. Dot line square and complex images as QD patterns are possible the researchers said with tunable dimensions and thickness.
They wrote that these arrays as well as those constructed with multiple different QD materials directly patterned/stacked by e-jet printing can be utilized as photoluminescent and electroluminescent layers.
Writing in IEEE Spectrum on Monday Prachi Patel similarly made note that Quantum dots (QDS) are light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals that used in light-emitting diodes (LEDS) hold the promise of brighter faster displays.
In the IEEE story headlined High-resolution Printing of Quantum dots For Vibrant Inexpensive Displays Patel said these researchers repurposed a printing method which they devised for other applications.
Inkjet printers usually have a few hundred nozzles said Patel. The difficulty with the e-jet printing method is that the electric field at one nozzle affects the fields of neighboring nozzles.
They are trying to figure out how to isolate nozzles in order to eliminate that crosstalk. Explore further:
High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots Formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes Nano Lett. Article ASAP.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots (QDS) with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes (LEDS).
The shapes and thicknesses of the QD patterns exhibit systematic dependence on the dimensions of the printing nozzle and the ink composition in ways that allow nearly arbitrary systematic control when exploited in a fully automated printing tool.
Sequential printing of different types of QDS in a multilayer stack or in an interdigitated geometry provides strategies for continuous tuning of the effective overall emission wavelengths of the resulting QD LEDS.
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