Compilers are computer programs that translate high-level instructions written in human-readable languages like Java or C into low-level instructions that machines can execute.
Most compilers also streamline the code they produce, modifying algorithms specified by programmers so that theyl run more efficiently.
Sometimes that means simply discarding lines of code that appear to serve no purpose. But as it turns out,
compilers can be overaggressive, dispensing not only with functional code but also with code that actually performs vital security checks.
that automatically combs through programmerscode, identifying just those lines that compilers might discard but which could, in fact, be functional.
and compilers should remove it. Problems arise when compilers also remove code that leads to ndefined behavior
. or some things this is obvious, says Frans Kaashoek, the Charles A. Piper Professor in the Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science (EECS).
f youe a programmer, you should not write a statement where you take some number and divide it by zero.
So the compiler will just remove that. It pointless to execute it anyway, because there not going to be any sensible result.
Kaashoek says. t turns out that the C programming language has a lot of subtle corners to the language specification,
according to the C language specification, undefined for signed integers integers that can be either positive or negative.
The fine print Complicating things further is the fact that different compilers will dispense with different undefined behaviors:
but prohibit other programming shortcuts; some might impose exactly the opposite restrictions. So Wang combed through the C language specifications
and identified every undefined behavior that he and his coauthors Kaashoek and his fellow EECS professors Nickolai Zeldovich and Armando Solar-Lezama imagined that a programmer might ever inadvertently invoke.
i sent them a one-line SQL statement that basically crashed their application, by exploiting their orrectcode,
Such a system could be used to monitor patients who are at high risk for blood clots says Sangeeta Bhatia senior author of the paper and the John and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical engineering and Computer science.
and Computer science is exploiting a statistical construct called the Bingham distribution. In a paper they re presenting in November at the International Conference on Intelligent Robots
and Systems Glover and MIT alumna Sanja Popovic 12 MENG 13 who is now at Google describes a new robot-vision algorithm based on the Bingham distribution that is 15 percent better than its best
That algorithm however is for analyzing high-quality visual data in familiar settings. Because the Bingham distribution is a tool for reasoning probabilistically it promises even greater advantages in contexts where information is patchy or unreliable.
In cases where visual information is particularly poor his algorithm offers an improvement of more than 50 percent over the best alternatives.
because it allows the algorithm to get more information out of each ambiguous local feature.
Most algorithms Glover s included will take a first stab at aligning the points. In the case of the tetrahedron assume that after that provisional alignment every point in the model is near a point in the object but not perfectly coincident with it.
and Popovic s algorithm to explore possible rotations in a principled way quickly converging on the one that provides the best fit between points.
The current version of Glover and Popovic s algorithm integrates point-rotation probabilities with several other such probabilities.
In experiments involving visual data about particularly cluttered scenes depicting the kinds of environments in which a household robot would operate Glover s algorithm had about the same false positive-rate rate as the best existing algorithm:
Glover argues that that difference is because of his algorithm s better ability to determine object orientations.
He also believes that additional sources of information could improve the algorithm s performance even further.
In November, Romanishin now a research scientist in MIT Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) Rus,
a professor of electrical engineering and computer science and director of CSAIL. e just needed a creative insight
The sliding-cube model simplifies the development of self-assembly algorithms, but the robots that implement them tend to be much more complex devices.
and designing algorithms to guide them. e want hundreds of cubes, scattered randomly across the floor,
an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign who was not part of the research team. he possibilities are endless:
On the software side, computer vision and machine-learning algorithms stitch together the images, extract features,
Among other things, this included an algorithm called Kinetic Super Resolution co-invented with Sarma and MIT postdoc Jonathan Jesneck that computationally combines many different images taken with an inexpensive low-resolution
Many researchers see improved interconnection of optical and electronic components as a path to more efficient computation and imaging systems.
#Toward tiny, solar-powered sensors The latest buzz in the information technology industry regards he Internet of thingsthe idea that vehicles, appliances, civil-engineering structures, manufacturing equipment,
an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science and first author on the new paper. e need to regulate the input to extract the maximum power,
The software algorithms, Aguilar says, vastly reduce computational load and work around noise and other image-quality problems.
which are needed for brief transmissions of data from wearable devices such as heart-rate monitors, computers, or smartphones, the researchers say.
Consumers are very sensitive to the size of wearable devices. The innovation is especially significant for small devices,
Processes now used to upgrade and desulfurize heavy crude oil are expensive and energy-intensive, and they require hydrogen,
an MIT associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science who co-invented the technology. Other cofounders and co-inventors are Anantha Chandrakasan, the Joseph F. and Nancy P. Keithley Professor in Electrical engineering, now chair of CEI technical advisory board;
a workshop hosted by the Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science, where entrepreneurial engineering students are guided through the startup process with group discussions and talks from seasoned entrepreneurs.
A precise control and manipulation of quantum-mechanical states could pave the way for promising applications such as quantum computers and quantum cryptography.
Post deposition silver nanowire tracks can be sintered photonically using a camera flash to reduce sheet resistance similar to thermal sintering approaches.
Coe-Sullivan, then a Phd student in electrical engineering and computer science, was working with Bulovic and students of Moungi Bawendi, the Lester Wolfe Professor in Chemistry,
which are only one atom thick onto arbitrary substrates paving the way for flexible computing or photonic devices.
but the fundamentals of computation, mixing two inputs into a single output, currently require too much space and power when done with light.
"Mixing two input signals to get a new output is the basis of computation, "Agarwal said."
U. of I. professor of electrical and computer engineering who co-led the study along with UW-Madison professor Justin Williams."We can guide,
's National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) he conducted large molecular dynamics simulations of the gold-water interface
because its two-dimensional structure and unique chemical properties made it a promising candidate for new applications such as energy storage material composites as well as computing
#Physicists set new records for silicon quantum computing Two research teams working in the same laboratories at UNSW Australia have found distinct solutions to a critical challenge that has held back the realisation of super
powerful quantum computers. The teams created two types of quantum bits or qubits the building blocks for quantum computers that each process quantum data with an accuracy above 99%.
%The two findings have been published simultaneously today in the journal Nature Nanotechnology. For quantum computing to become a reality we need to operate the bits with very low error rates says Scientia Professor Andrew Dzurak who is Director of the Australian National Fabrication Facility at UNSW where the devices were made.
We've now come up with two parallel pathways for building a quantum computer in silicon each
of which shows this super accuracy adds Associate professor Andrea Morello from UNSW's School of Electrical engineering and Telecommunications.
The UNSW teams which are affiliated also with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation
& Communication Technology were first in the world to demonstrate single-atom spin qubits in silicon reported in Nature in 2012 and 2013.
Now the team led by Dzurak has discovered a way to create an artificial atom qubit with a device remarkably similar to the silicon transistors used in consumer electronics known as MOSFETS.
Postdoctoral researcher Menno Veldhorst lead author on the paper reporting the artificial atom qubit says It is really amazing that we can make such an accurate qubit using pretty much the same devices as we have in our laptops and phones.
Meanwhile Morello's team has been pushing the natural phosphorus atom qubit to the extremes of performance.
Dr Juha Muhonen a postdoctoral researcher and lead author on the natural atom qubit paper notes:
The phosphorus atom contains in fact two qubits: the electron and the nucleus. With the nucleus in particular we have achieved accuracy close to 99.99%.
The high-accuracy operations for both natural and artificial atom qubits is achieved by placing each inside a thin layer of specially purified silicon containing only the silicon-28 isotope.
This isotope is perfectly nonmagnetic and unlike those in naturally occurring silicon does not disturb the quantum bit.
The next step for the researchers is to build pairs of highly accurate quantum bits. Large quantum computers are expected to consist of many thousands
or millions of qubits and may integrate both natural and artificial atoms. Morello's research team also established a world-record coherence time for a single quantum bit held in solid state.
Coherence time is a measure of how long you can preserve quantum information before it's lost Morello says.
The longer the coherence time the easier it becomes to perform long sequences of operations and therefore more complex calculations.
Pairing up single atoms in silicon for quantum computing More information: Storing quantum information for 30 seconds in a nanoelectronic device Nature Nanotechnology DOI:
10.1038/nnano. 2014.211 An addressable quantum dot qubit with fault-tolerant control-fidelity Nature Nanotechnology DOI:
Currently plasmonic absorbers used in biosensors have a resonant bandwidth of 50 nanometers said Koray Aydin assistant professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University's Mccormick School of engineering and Applied science.
As the main enabling technology of the semiconductor industry CMOS fabrication of silicon chips approaches fundamental limits, the TUM researchers and collaborators at the University of Notre dame are exploring"magnetic computing"as an alternative.
"The 3d majority gate demonstrates that magnetic computing can be exploited in all three dimensions, in order to realize monolithic, sequentially stacked magnetic circuits promising better scalability and improved packing density.""
touted as a transformational replacement for current hard drive technologies such as Flash, SSD and DRAM. Memristors have potential to be fashioned into nonvolatile solid-state memory
which can consume a great deal of energy particularly in computing applications. Researchers are therefore searching for ways to harness other properties of electrons such as the'spin'of an electron as data carriers in the hope that this will lead to devices that consume less power.
Novel applications of'quantum dots'including lasers biological markers qubits for quantum computing and photovoltaic devices arise from the unique optoelectronic properties of the QDS
The discovery could have major implications for creating faster and more efficient optical devices for computation and communication.
The research paper by University of Minnesota electrical and computer engineering assistant professor Mo Li and his graduate student Huan Li has been published online
and systems that will transform signal processing and computation. Ramanathan compares the current state of quantum materials research to the 1950s,
Other potential military applications include electronics for remote sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles and high-capacity computing in remote operations.
and electricity better than any other known materialas potential industrial uses that include flexible electronic displays, high-speed computing, stronger wind turbine blades,
The key according to UCSB professor of electrical and computer engineering Kaustav Banerjee who led this research is Mos2's band gap the characteristic of a material that determines its electrical conductivity.
This result could be the basis for next-generation flexible and transparent computing, better light-emitting diodes,
Testing all the different atomic configurations for each material under strain boils down to a tremendous amount of computation Isaacs said.
"Halas, the Stanley C. Moore Professor in Electrical and Computer engineering and a professor of biomedical engineering, chemistry, physics and astronomy at Rice, said the potential applications for SECARS include chemical and biological sensing as well as metamaterials research.
and computer engineering (ECE) at Illinois and was first author of the paper published in Nature Communications."
"An entirely new method of computing will be necessary.""Wolkow and his team in the U of A's physics department and the National Institute for Nanotechnology are working to engineer atomically precise technologies that have practical, real-world applications.
"said Wei Lu, associate professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Michigan.""In a liquid and gas, it's mobile
and IGZO hybrid that achieves more complicated functions and computations, as well as to build circuits on flexible substrates."
Department of Electrical & Computer engineering have designed and tested a new class of solar-sensitive nanoparticle that outshines the current state of the art employing this new class of technology.
The paper's four co-authors come from MIT's departments of physics chemistry materials science and engineering and electrical engineering and computer science.
and structurally consistent over their length the fibers can also be woven into a crossing pattern into clothing for wearable devices in smart textiles.
and you can find the source code for the hives at the project site.##Boing Boing t
computer algorithms designed the 3. 2-meter-tall 16-square-meter room which has a whopping 260 million(!)
The duo used algorithms to let computers randomly design the room which was printed in Zurich. The team designed an overarching model
but many of the details are the work of algorithms.)With a digital version of the room in hand they used sand as the material along with a binding agent to print large chunks of the room--up to 4 meters tall by 1 meter wide by 2 meters deep.
In the Digital Grotesque project we use these algorithms to create a form that appears at once synthetic and organic.
and then flash-chill it without generating mission-ending frost. David Willetts British minister for universities and science called the achievement remarkable.
and the algorithms that automate the pulses. MIT News*This article originally referred to MIT's contest as the#Making And Designing Materials Engineering Competition.
The scientists think this breakthrough could lead to improvements in quantum computing; photons are an excellent carrier for quantum information
A Bright Flash From The Sun At 8: 30 p m. Eastern time yesterday a solar flare peaked on the surface of the sun emitting an intense burst of radiation.
in order to see the bright flash of heat giving the image its teal hue. M-class flares can cause some space weather effects On earth like disrupting radio signals.
#Preventing Superbugs By Deactivating Antibiotics With A Flash Of Light Bacterial resistance is becoming one of the most serious problems in the medical world
We were able to build such robust algorithms that they could work over thousands of radar volumes without human intervention says Collis.
C# OMIM making over $97 a month working part time. I kept hearing other people tell me how much money they can make online so
Going Here===B>W w w. F##B4##9.#C# OM<B
#How Arjun Raj Reveals The Inner Workings Of Cells Each year Popular Science seeks out the brightest young scientists and engineers and names them the Brilliant Ten.
Using GIS (geographic information system) by plotting the location of strong non-iodizing sources and mapping their frequencies and power outputs one is able to see a correlation within a set radius of bee populations affected by theses sources of non-iodizing radiation.
since 2009 that the U n. secretary general Ban Ki-moon had nestled a day full of climate change-centric programming into the yearly schedule of the U n. General assembly.
And it appears that the new algorithm has promise. As the signal's frequency was dialed up from 20 to 90 Hertz the rats took larger steps ranging from 2. 9 to 6. 8 centimeters in height.
The new turning algorithm also helped the rats to overcome more complicated obstacles in the form of rodent-sized staircases
In a nutshell the new algorithms make it easier to control the body's movements to a finer degree in an adaptable way--and in real time.
Up next the lab will be testing out the new signaling algorithm in human patients beginning as early as next summer r
and computer science tells Popular Science. It recognizes specific sequences of DNA and cuts it. So what we can do is take that genome-editing tool
Patrick Meier director of social innovation at the Qatar Computing Research Institute applies artificial intelligence to this crowdsourced data organizing digital photos and messages into dynamic maps that can guide real-world
Once people tag between 50 to 100 examples an algorithm then classifies similar tweets with 90 percent accuracy.
Once we know what huts without roofs look like from a bird s-eye view we can run algorithms on photos to accelerate damage assessments.
and the vast majority of sellers have their source code and documentation links available right there on the page Petrone says.
while a human not its algorithms is driving. The California DMV disagreed. Knight Science Journalism Tracker m
The emitter translates the message she wants to send into an obscure#five-bit binary system called Bacon's cipher which is more compact than the binary code#that computers use.
The pulses make the receivers see flashes of light in their peripheral vision that aren't actually there.
The results are called phantom flashes#phosphenes)# that seem to show up in different positions in the air which is not spooky at all no.
Flashes appearing in one position correspond to 1s in the emitter's message while flashes appearing in another position correspond to 0s.
We don't know how the receivers keep#track of all that flashing. Perhaps they take notes using a pen and paper.
Over the past few years engineers working for several universities and companies have tried to make emotion-reading algorithms.
Usually the idea is that such algorithms could go into software for marketing departments (How is this new ad making viewers feel?
Making a face-reading algorithm for private individuals to use is an unusual but not unheard-of idea.
what's especially useful here is knowing that this kind of computing can be miniaturized to something as small and light as Google glass.
They developed algorithms for controlling the robots that mimic central pattern generators neural circuits in animals often vital to activities such as locomotion chewing breathing
In addition the researchers also developed a way for the robots to learn how to roll on their own with the help of evolutionary algorithms which is valuable for robots operating by themselves on another planet where the rules for movement might differ from those On earth.
the proposal envisages that the loan will be repaid over 40 years at an interest rate of 1. 4%.Planned upgrades will cover:
The index covers a range of key segments currently with a 47%allocation to industrials 33%information technology 11%healthcare 5%energy and 4%in consumer discretionary.
In the past decade there have been impressive advances in developing computer vision algorithms for different object recognition-related problems including:
2) Programming Modeinstead of Wigl moving once it hears a note it stays still and stores it in its memory.
notes as pseudocode! While most robotic toys on the market require a smartphone or a computer for remote control Wigl interacts directly with the child and their instruments.
However only very little has been done to explore the benefits of 3d printing and its interaction with computer science in classrooms.
and teachers an adequate tool to cultivate the creativity of students studying in fields such as mechanics computer sciences electronics and 3d printing.
In our laboratory we develop various types of high-speed vision hardware and algorithms that can implement high-speed image processing with a sampling time from 10ms up to 1ms.
The running algorithm used in the ACHIRESÂ robot is different from those typically used in other running robots.
While most running robots use a method based on ZMP-criteria for maintaining stable and balanced posture we introduced a very simple algorithm using high-speed performance of a sensory-motor system without ZMP criteria.
With the robots ready the Nagpal team had to develop an algorithm which could guarantee that large numbers of robots with limited capabilities
The algorithm had to account for unreliable robots that are pushed out of their desired location or block other robots performing their functions.
and algorithms can build large-scale robotic swarms at least in the labs. These swarms have the potential to help us understand natural self-organised systems by providing fully engineered physical systems on which to do experiments.
Programming Edison involves dragging and dropping icons to form a program. The software Edware is open source and compatible with Windows Mac and Linux.
But programming isn#t necessary to start using Edison as the robot has the ability to read special barcodes that activate preprogrammed features such as line-following and obstacle avoidance.
#the big data revolution and energy-efficient computing;##satellites and commercial applications of space;##robotics and autonomous systems;#
and contains three motors (for rotational movements) onboard computation and a battery that allows for at least one hour of operating time.
and technical challenges such as compensating unwanted bending in the mechanical structure (related to building larger complex 3d structures) developing the best-suited algorithms for reconfiguration
which uses a combination of wearable devices sensors throughout the home and a mobile robot to assist older people in their homes
Bacher#s approach also takes worldwide emerging technology trends in hands-free computing robotics and other areas and finds ways to translate them into helping disabled individuals.
The latest in soft-bodied robots created by team of engineers of the Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) at the Massachusetts institute of technology.
and Computer science and Director of CSAIL Cagdas Onal Assistant professor of Mechanical engineering at the Worcester Polytechnic institute and Andrew Marchese a doctoral candidate in engineering at MIT created the robot to be autonomous.
This means it has all the necessary sensing actuation and computation on board. Its flexible body is made of silicone rubber.
and at the other end to sensors) and an algorithm to convert signals the team has produced a hand that sends information back to the brain that is so detailed that the wearer could even tell the hardness of objects he was given to Hold in a paper published in Science Translational Medicine in Feb. 2014
Other upgrades may enable the robot to work outside the space station to perform repairs and maintenance checks
The new collaboration will now broaden the areas of computer science and deepen the collaboration between the three partners.
Thanks to their algorithms the robots should be able to react to gestures and touch as well.
We are currently developing learning algorithms that allow the Cubli to automatically learn and adjust the necessary parameters
Furthermore the same momentum wheels can be used to implement a reaction-torque based control algorithm for balancing by exploiting the reaction torques on the cube body
It expects a compound growth rate of 25%said Wang Weiming deputy director of the Ministry of Industry and Information technology.
and note that Dndrea is the tech wizard behind Kiva robotic warehouse##the video shows a novel fail safe algorithm that allows an unmanned aerial vehicle to recover
According to Mueller the algorithm allows the vehicle to remain in flight despite the loss of one two or possibly even three propellers.
his video demonstrates an iterative learning algorithm that allows accurate trajectory tracking for quadrocopters executing periodic maneuvers.
The algorithm uses measurements from past executions in order to find corrections that lead to better tracking performance.
and the algorithm provides a means to then transfer the learned corrections from the lower execution speed to higher speeds.
and now a VP of Product and Businessâ Development at irobot and adviser for Play-i. â##They are leveraging a legacy ofâ ideas from research on computing robotics
or 2nd grade can easily play with programming and in the process construct rich models for understanding the world.
â#â##Play-i gets how a developmentally appropriate introduction to programming can pave the way towards a lifelong interest and aptitude in computer scienceâ#saidâ Vibha Sazawal Lecturer and Visiting Research Scientist at the University
of Interactive Computing at Georgia Tech Kiki Prottsman Educator and Executive director of Thinkersmith Vibha Sazawal Scientist at the University of Maryland and Prashant Kanhere who led led development of the ipod at Apple.
However Play-i may be funded the best company with a focus on programming robots at the moment s
but our video demonstrates you can steer all the robots to any desired final position by using an algorithm we designed.
The algorithm exploits rotational noise: each time the joystick tells the robots to turn every robot turns a slightly different amount due to random wheel slip.
The current algorithm is slow so wee designing new algorithms that are 200x faster. You can help by playing our online game:
www. swarmcontrol. net. The algorithm extends to any number of robots; this video shows a simulation with 120 robots and a more complicated goal pattern.
Our research is motivated by real-world challenges in microrobotics and nanorobotics where often all the robots are steered by the same control signal (IROS 2012 paper).
This steering algorithm is based on piecewise-constant inputs and Taylor series approximations. Taylor series approximations give us a clear method for increasing precision.
The algorithm published in another 2012 IROS article shows that rotational noise improves control but translational noise impairs control.
Our algorithm allowed us to control the final position of n robots but we could not control the final orientation.
The video for our upcoming IROS 2013 paper illustrates this algorithm using robots equipped with laser turrets.
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