Tropes

www.nanowerk.com 2015 04648.txt.txt

#Transparent, stretchable conductors with a nano-accordion structure design (Nanowerk News) Researchers from North carolina State university have created stretchable, transparent conductors that work because of the structures nano-accordion design ("Multifunctional Nano-Accordion Structures for Stretchable Transparent Conductors"."The conductors could be used in a wide variety of applications, such as flexible electronics, stretchable displays or wearable sensors. The dimensions of each ridge directly affect the transparent conductors stretchability. Image: Abhijeet Bagal) There are no conductive, transparent and stretchable materials in nature, so we had to create one, says Abhijeet Bagal, a Ph d. student in mechanical and aerospace engineering at NC State and lead author of a paper describing the work. Our technique uses geometry to stretch brittle materials, which is inspired by springs that we see in everyday life, Bagal says. The only thing different is made that we it much smaller. The researchers begin by creating a three-dimensional polymer template on a silicon substrate. The template is shaped like a series of identical evenly spaced rectangles. The template is coated with a layer of aluminum-doped zinc oxide, which is the conducting material, and an elastic polymer is applied to the zinc oxide. The researchers then flip the whole thing over and remove the silicon and the template. Whats left behind is a series of symmetrical, zinc oxide ridges on an elastic substrate. Because both zinc oxide and the polymer are clear, the structure is transparent. And it is stretchable because the ridges of zinc oxide allow the structure to expand and contract, like the bellows of an accordion. Video of the conductor in action We can also control the thickness of the zinc oxide layer and have done extensive testing with layers ranging from 30 to 70 nanometers thick, says Erinn Dandley, a Ph d. student in chemical and biomolecular engineering at NC State and co-author of the paper. This is important because the thickness of the zinc oxide affects the structures optical, electrical and mechanical properties. The 3-D templates used in the process are engineered precisely, using nanolithography, because the dimensions of each ridge directly affect the structures stretchability. The taller each ridge is, the more stretchable the structure. This is because the structure stretches by having the two sides of a ridge bend away from each other at the base like a person doing a split. The structure can be stretched repeatedly without breaking. And while there is some loss of conductivity the first time the nano-accordion is stretched, additional stretching does not affect conductivity. The most interesting thing for us is that this approach combines engineering with a touch of surface chemistry to precisely control the nano-accordions geometry, composition and, ultimately, its overall material properties, says Chih-Hao Chang, an assistant professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at NC State and corresponding author of the paper. Were now working on ways to improve the conductivity of the nano-accordion structures. And at some point we want to find a way to scale up the process. The researchers are also experimenting with the technique using other conductive materials to determine their usefulness in creating non-transparent elastic conductors s

< Back - Next >